EP1153663A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines laminaren Flüssigkeitsstrahls - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines laminaren Flüssigkeitsstrahls Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1153663A2 EP1153663A2 EP01810451A EP01810451A EP1153663A2 EP 1153663 A2 EP1153663 A2 EP 1153663A2 EP 01810451 A EP01810451 A EP 01810451A EP 01810451 A EP01810451 A EP 01810451A EP 1153663 A2 EP1153663 A2 EP 1153663A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- nozzle
- section
- laminar
- feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
- B05B1/3402—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to avoid or to reduce turbulencies, e.g. comprising fluid flow straightening means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method according to claim 1 and one for performing this method suitable device.
- Coherent laminar liquid jets are in the physical Technology often desired and adversely affected by their imperfect real education technical systems or Correction elements are used to correct these imperfections Correct laminar rays and / or parallel to them hold.
- a jet of liquid is generated through a nozzle, with the liquid under pressure, along the axis of the nozzle, an acceleration is impressed becomes. This creates a on the inner wall of the nozzle boundary layer tapering in the direction of flow, the Causes friction losses. Determine these friction losses the velocity distribution prevailing at the nozzle outlet in the jet.
- a common rotationally symmetrical jet of liquid therefore shows the largest in its axis Flow rate on; the smallest steps on his Periphery on.
- the wall friction inherent in a nozzle should be largely eliminated and the fluid particles should be accelerated at the beam periphery.
- the subject of the invention is not meant to be limited to liquids be and especially for flowable media in a wide range Speed range Show advantages.
- the method according to the invention enables an improved Jet processing, for example through liquids, however also by abrasive particle streams. Also improved such a laminar jet the quality known per se optical turbidity measurements and / or color determinations. Another application is in transfer operations for sensitive liquids such as cell cultures, blood plasma, explosive media as well as in filling and dosing systems to see.
- the design of the nozzle provided according to the invention differs from those known from the literature, see u.a. Bruno Eck, Technical Fluid Dynamics, Springer-Verlag Berlin, 1966, pp. 434 - 440, Figs. 459 - 464.
- the Nozzles shown there are either rounded Entry area, cf. Standard nozzles Fig. 459 - 460 and 462 or with a storage area in front of the nozzle Fig. 461 and Fig. 464, in addition to that in Fig. 464 shown aperture is double beveled.
- the aim of these known nozzles is to transition the flow cross sections continuously up to the cross section of the nozzle opening to shape so that the acceleration of the Flow takes place without detachments if possible.
- the nozzle deliberately replaced the flow - after which it descriptive flow function corresponds to a point of discontinuity. As the calculation shows, this would cause discontinuities with a smooth flow to infinity great acceleration.
- the resulting coherent, laminar flow acts as Light guide (liquid laser) and can be used accordingly become.
- the nozzle mentioned in the patent claim is in the simple case a bevelled bezel on one side, the sharp edge of which Facing flow, the said vortex formation (so-called. Kármán vortex) takes place behind the edge and accelerates the edge flow flowing past the edge.
- Functioning is also a thin razor blade Aperture with a bore that is parallel to the axis Flow direction is.
- the nozzle according to the invention is referred to as "edge nozzle”.
- a free pipe section is preferred in front of the storage area provided so that the flow can develop freely, Claim 2.
- the laminar flow is in the form of a Spherical cap and allows, for example, one by to delimit flowing fluid on all sides of the enclosed space.
- the embodiment according to claim 5 uses a commercially available Plastic filter foam that is initially present in the fluid Reduced turbulence.
- the activation of free spaces according to claim 7 optimizes the effect of the upstream and downstream sedatives.
- the peripheral boundary layer is optimally influenced due to the edge nozzle protruding in the flow direction according to claim 8.
- Another improvement of the preselectable speed distribution is in the beam cross section through the conical Widening the bore of the nozzle according to claim 9 achievable.
- Constant ventilation through a fine bore, or periodic venting by means of a vent screw or a valve gives a continuous and reproductive Beam formation, claim 10.
- 1 denotes the feed line for a liquid, which opens into a so-called feed section 2.
- feed section 2 There is a calming section within the feed section 2 3, in which, at a distance from the feed line 1, a baffle plate 5, a perforated plate, and then a Foam body 6, (trademark Poret, company EMW-Betriebe, D65582 Diez) and a honeycomb type flow straightener 7 are arranged.
- free pipe sections 4b and 4c are further flow straighteners 7 used in the calming section 3.
- free pipe sections 4a and 4d which, like the sections 4b and 4c serve to homogenize the liquid.
- this meets one Storage area 8 and is deflected here via an edge nozzle 9, in particular at the feed section 2 protruding part 11.
- the flow passes through an outflow opening 10 as a laminar or at least quasi-laminar Beam S2 off.
- a vent valve 12 is provided at the point of the feed section 2, which in individual cases is characterized by a fine, continuous Fluid dispensing hole is replaced.
- the entire length of the feed path 2 is L and that is Three times their diameter D.
- the foam body 6 has a length which is also the measure of the diameter D, while the flow straighteners are each 0.5 D long.
- the Baffle 5 has holes that are in the range of some Millimeters and the foam body 6 before bending and preserve central compression.
- the edge nozzle 9 can be designed in different variants, which are represented representatively in FIGS. 2 to 7 are.
- the nozzle 9a has a conical bevel 17 in the direction of the flow S1 'and has a convex Bore 13, which tapers towards part 11.
- One-sided is a streamline s drawn, the bottom the storage surface 8 provided on the edge is deflected and subsequently forms vortices w (microbubbles) at the edge 11 ', whose energy is transferred to the respective current thread becomes.
- This leads to an increase in the flow velocity in the peripheral area of the beam S2.
- This explains the observed phenomenon that the subject of the invention the highest speed compared to conventional nozzles has in the periphery and the lowest in the center, i.e. in the flow axis.
- Fig. 4 shows that the effect already with a beveled Pinhole, after the edge nozzle 9c works; the The streamline drawn is analogous to that of 2 and 3.
- the angle is already 0 ° relative to the flow direction S1 'is sufficient if the edge 11 'is sufficiently sharp; this is shown by the nozzle 9d, the extreme case like the blade of a razor blade 5, see FIG. 5.
- edge nozzle 9e shows one Combination between a cylindrical bore 13 'and a conical bore 14. It can be shown that the velocity distribution in beam S2 influenced by the geometry of the hole.
- the edge nozzle 9f is the preferred embodiment 7, where both a conical bevel To observe nozzle 17 and a conical bore 14 are.
- the angle ⁇ 1 of the bore 14 is 7 °; the angle ⁇ 2 is 30 °, both measured to the flow axis S.
- Important is here also a sharp formation of the edge 11.
- the inlet diameter 18 (at the edge 11) 14 mm, the outlet diameter 19 of the nozzle is 18 mm.
- FIG. 8 A practical application of a laminar jet is the Fig. 8 can be seen.
- the edge nozzle 9 is analogous to the examples described above built and effective.
- the calm and homogenized Flow S1 'hits the edge 11 vertically from below, becomes applied in the bore 13 'to the laminar flow S2 and an impact plate that can be moved in the axial direction 20, which is raised by the jet pressure - used and sealed with a rubber seal 24 (O-ring) is the nozzle 9 with its storage surface 8 in a feed path 2nd
- the laminar flow present in the fluid bell forms appears as a thin liquid film and has a very decorative effect; the bell reflects the ambient light and works light-guiding and reflects the environment.
- the method according to the invention can generally be included implement known means used in devices Materials are customary, the dimensioning can the medium and its physical Sizes take place accordingly and leave a high Level of adaptability open.
- the subject of the invention finds numerous applications in of technology and in everyday life. So is one formed according to the invention Laminar jet significant compared to a diffuse jet reaching further; for example, a would trained turning tube, also called jet tube, more targeted and with lower water consumption, i.e. also with significantly less water damage, fire fighting can serve.
- the subject of the invention is also suitable for police use (Water cannon) and with pulsating pressure sources for non-lethal weapons.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine vereinfacht dargestellte Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Laminarstrahls mit Zuführstrecke und Kantendüse,
- Fig. 2
- eine erste Variante einer Kantendüse mit einer bombierten Bohrung,
- Fig. 3
- eine zweite Variante mit einer achsparallelen Bohrung
- Fig. 4
- eine blendenartige Kantendüse mit einseitiger Anschrägung,
- Fig. 5
- eine rasierklingenartige Kantendüse,
- Fig. 6
- eine Kantendüse mit achsparallel/kegelförmiger Bohrung,
- Fig. 7
- eine bevorzugte Kantendüse in Teilschnitt-Darstellung und
- Fig. 8
- eine Kantendüse mit verschieblicher Prallplatte zur Erzeugung einer sogenannten Fluid-Glocke.
Claims (10)
- Verfahren zur Erzeugung eines laminaren oder quasi laminaren kohärenten Strahls aus einem fliessfähigen Medium und/oder zur Verringerung der Wandreibung des Mediums an Übergangsstellen von Rohrleitungen und/oder in Leitungsabschnitten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Medium über einen gegenüber seiner Zuleitung grösseren Querschnitt in einer Zuführstrecke geführt wird, dass die Strömung in dieser Zuführstrecke in wenigstens einer Beruhigungsstrecke in ihrem Turbulenzgrad reduziert und zudem homogenisiert wird, dass diese beruhigte Strömung zu einer Staufläche geführt wird, in welcher zentral eine scharfkantig ausgebildete Düse mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt angeordnet ist, die mit einem zu ihrer Strömungsachse gebildeten Winkel von 0° - 90° versehen ist, wodurch der Strömung durch an der Kante gebildete torusförmig verteilte Ablöseblasen Energie zugeführt wird, so dass sich im peripheren Bereich des erzeugten Strahls eine höhere Geschwindigkeit einstellt als im axialen Bereich und dass die Strömung über ein der Düse nachgeschaltetes Rohr mit dem gleichen und/oder einem gegenüber dem Querschnitt der Düse erweiterten Öffnungsquerschnitt abgeleitet wird, wobei die Strömung an der Ausflussöffnung der Düse und im nachgeschalteten Rohr zumindest quasi laminar ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Zuführstrecke wenigstens vor der Staufläche ein freier Rohrabschnitt vorgesehen ist, durch den die Strömung ungehindert fliesst.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausflussöffnung der Düse eine orthogonal und verschieblich angeordnete kreisförmige Prallplatte vorgelagert wird, welche die zumindest quasi laminare Strömung in Form einer durch das Medium gebildeten dünnwandigen Glocke umlenkt.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Zuführstrecke (2) eine Beruhigungsstrecke (3) vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Beruhigungsstrecke (3), in Strömungsrichtung (S), ein partiell durchlässiges Prallblech (5) mit einem nachgeschalteten Schaumkörper (6)vorgesehen ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Schaumkörper (6) mindestens ein Strömungsgleichrichter (7) nachgeschaltet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen jeweils zwei Strömungsgleichrichtern (7) freie Rohrabschnitte (4b, 4c) vorgesehen sind.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düse mit ihrem scharfkantigen Teil, gegen die Strömungsrichtung S betrachtet, über die Staufläche (8) hinausragt.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bohrung (13') der Düse (9;9f), in Strömungsrichtung (S) betrachtet, aufgeweitet ist.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Zuführstrecke (2), vor der Staufläche (8), eine Entlüftungsbohrung, eine Entlüftungsschraube oder ein Entlüftungsventil (12) vorgesehen ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH00909/00A CH694039A5 (de) | 2000-05-10 | 2000-05-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines laminaren oder quasi laminaren kohärenten Flüssigkeitsstrahls. |
CH9092000 | 2000-05-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1153663A2 true EP1153663A2 (de) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1153663A3 EP1153663A3 (de) | 2004-10-06 |
Family
ID=4547117
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01810451A Withdrawn EP1153663A3 (de) | 2000-05-10 | 2001-05-09 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines laminaren Flüssigkeitsstrahls |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1153663A3 (de) |
CH (1) | CH694039A5 (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007039537A1 (de) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-26 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertr. d. d. Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, dieses vertr. d. d. Präsidenten der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt | Verfahren und System zur Durchflussmessung eines Fluids |
NL1035107C2 (nl) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-01 | Adrianus Johannes Maria Kemerink | Inrichting voor het bewerken van een vloeistofstroom, in het bijzonder geschikt als een fontein. |
WO2022201031A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-29 | Robotopia, UAB | Method for delivering liquid by ejecting a continuous jet and system for implementing said method |
WO2022201030A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-29 | Robotopia, UAB | Method for a liquid jet formation and ejection and devices for use in said method |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4795092A (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1989-01-03 | Wet Enterprises, Inc. | Laminar flow nozzle |
US5169065A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1992-12-08 | Naylor Industrial Services | Method and apparatus for water jet cutting including improved nozzle |
-
2000
- 2000-05-10 CH CH00909/00A patent/CH694039A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-05-09 EP EP01810451A patent/EP1153663A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007039537A1 (de) * | 2007-08-21 | 2009-02-26 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertr. d. d. Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie, dieses vertr. d. d. Präsidenten der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt | Verfahren und System zur Durchflussmessung eines Fluids |
NL1035107C2 (nl) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-01 | Adrianus Johannes Maria Kemerink | Inrichting voor het bewerken van een vloeistofstroom, in het bijzonder geschikt als een fontein. |
WO2022201031A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-29 | Robotopia, UAB | Method for delivering liquid by ejecting a continuous jet and system for implementing said method |
WO2022201030A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-29 | Robotopia, UAB | Method for a liquid jet formation and ejection and devices for use in said method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH694039A5 (de) | 2004-06-30 |
EP1153663A3 (de) | 2004-10-06 |
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