EP1152483A1 - Zweiband-Mikrowellenstrahlelement - Google Patents

Zweiband-Mikrowellenstrahlelement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1152483A1
EP1152483A1 EP01400810A EP01400810A EP1152483A1 EP 1152483 A1 EP1152483 A1 EP 1152483A1 EP 01400810 A EP01400810 A EP 01400810A EP 01400810 A EP01400810 A EP 01400810A EP 1152483 A1 EP1152483 A1 EP 1152483A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guide
radiating element
polarizer
band
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01400810A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1152483B1 (de
Inventor
Michel Gomez-Henry
Gérard Caille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1152483A1 publication Critical patent/EP1152483A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1152483B1 publication Critical patent/EP1152483B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/45—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device
    • H01Q5/47—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device with a coaxial arrangement of the feeds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radiating element operating according to two separate bands or two subbands with circular polarization in the context, for example, of radar type applications or satellite telecommunications in the microwave field.
  • this type of radiating element is more particularly intended to be integrated into an antenna arranged on board from a satellite or on the ground to allow communication between different sets of the system.
  • This radar source uses four waveguides surrounding a fifth guide.
  • the four peripheral guides are able, for example, to function according to the Ku band centered on 16 GHz and the central guide in X band centered on 10 GHz.
  • an antenna comprising such a source is intended for operate at an extreme frequency ratio greater than or equal to 6, report which does not impose significant operating constraints on the makes the difference between the extreme frequencies.
  • planar antennas in a ratio of frequencies between 1.22 and 2 drives, due in particular to their compactness, significant losses due to the coupling of the working elements in high and low bands.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages by proposing a dual-band microwave radiating element small in size and experiencing only small losses, the circular polarization being generated by the radiating part of the antenna itself without having to provide an additional circuit such as a coupler hybrid for example.
  • a microwave radiating element comprising first and second means capable of conveying electromagnetic waves at first and second respectively frequency bands, is characterized in that the first and second means are coaxial, the first means comprising a waveguide hollow and metallic capable of receiving the second means so coaxial.
  • the second means comprise also a hollow and metallic waveguide.
  • the second means include a guide comprising a core and a sheath both made of material dielectric, said dielectric guide being, for example, a fiber microwave capable of propagating only the H11 hybrid mode.
  • the waveguides constituting the first and second means comprise, each at their end and nested one inside the other, a polarizer, the geometry of polarizers being such that the polarization of the electromagnetic waves is circular.
  • the polarizers have a cross section of shape rectangular or elliptical.
  • the geometry of the dielectric guide is such that the polarization of electromagnetic waves is circular.
  • the core of the dielectric guide has an extension emerging from the sheath of said guide and having a cross section of elliptical, rectangular or ellipsoidal shape.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a radiating element 1 according to the invention.
  • the radiating element 1 has a first excitation access 2 generating the wave intended to be propagated.
  • the excitation access 2 is, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, of coaxial type, comprising a part tubular device 2a and a central part 2b, cylindrical and arranged in the center of the peripheral part 2a (see Figures 2 and 3).
  • excitation access 2 could use any other technique of known excitation such as triplate and the like, or even be constituted from another guide.
  • the excitation access 2 is linked, via the central part 2b and in a known manner, at a first end of a first waveguide supply 3 capable of operating, for example, in the Ka band aux around 30 GHz, and more precisely between 27.6 and 29 GHz.
  • the feed guide 3 perpendicular to the access excitation 2 and having the shape of a hollow and elongated conduit with an axis longitudinal Z, with rectangular cross section, propagates the linearly polarized electromagnetic waves.
  • the guide 3 comprises, in its extension in the direction of the axis Z of the guide 3, a transition section composed of an adaptation transformer 4.
  • the adaptation transformer 4 consists of a hollow guide having a section of identical shape to that of guide 3 but of more dimensions large, except the longitudinal direction parallel to the Z axis.
  • the guide 3 is centered and aligned on the adaptation transformer 4, the different faces constituting the guide 3 and the adaptation transformer 4 being parallel to each other.
  • polarizer 5 working at 30 GHz, also hollow, parallelepiped, of rectangular cross section and of larger dimensions than that of the adaptation transformer 4.
  • the polarizer 5 is angularly offset by 45 degrees around the axis Z with respect to the matching transformer 4 which is itself aligned with the guide 3.
  • the polarizer 5, here of rectangular section, may as well be of shape elliptical in order to obtain the circular polarization of the signal.
  • These three elements, the guide 3, the adaptation transformer 4 as well as the polarizer 5, are, for example, metallic and associated end to end, at level of one of their faces, by any known technique such as welding, machining, EDM or made by molding.
  • transition sections such as the matching transformer 4 can be provided in the form of embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, between the guide 3 and the polarizer 5.
  • the first guide 3 is arranged, coaxially, inside a second feed guide 6, hollow and of substantially section rectangular but larger than the first guide 3.
  • the respective faces of the guides 3 and 6 are mutually parallel.
  • the second guide 6 has, on one of its largest faces, a slight recess inward forming a groove 6a of section rectangular and parallel to the Z axis of the guide 3.
  • This groove 6a also called “ridge” makes it possible to limit the propagation of electromagnetic waves carried by the guide comprising such groove 6a in the fundamental mode only.
  • a guide comprising such a ridge 6a is said to be a ridged guide.
  • the second guide 6, shorter than the first guide 3 in the direction of the Z axis is associated with a second excitation port 7 of the coaxial type. Any another technique than the coaxial is also possible here.
  • the second guide 6 also works in the Ka band around 20 GHz and for example between 17.8 and 19.2 GHz.
  • the first guide 3 is secured to the second guide 6 at the level of the ridge 6a, the width of said ridge 6a corresponding to the width of the first guide 3.
  • the adaptation transformer 8 is a guide comprising a ridge 8a (ridged guide), whose cross section is the same shape as that of the second feeding guide 6 but of larger dimensions.
  • the ridges 6a and 8a are thus aligned and parallel to the axis Z of the first guide 3.
  • the transformer adapter 8 On the side opposite to that on which the second guide 6 is located, the transformer adapter 8 is associated with a polarizer 9.
  • the polarizer 9 has a cross section substantially rectangular, of sufficiently large dimensions to contain, at less in part, the polarizer 5 of the high band.
  • polarizer 9 is angularly offset by 45 degrees around the Z axis with respect to the matching transformer 8 and the guide 6 so as to generate a circular polarization of the signal.
  • the polarizer 9 may have a different shape such as, for example, an elliptical cross section capable of generating from the linear polarization of the signal propagating in the guide 6 and the matching transformer 8, circular polarization.
  • the geometry and the arrangement of the different parts of the radiating element 1 are such that polarizers 5 and 9 are oriented in the same way, their faces respective being parallel to each other. This relative provision of polarizers 5 and 9 provides circular polarization similarly sense for both bands.
  • the polarizers 5 and 9 will be oriented relatively to 90 °.
  • the radiating element 1 of the present invention makes it possible, according to the relative arrangement of polarizers 5 and 9, four configurations different circular polarization: right / right, right / left, left / right and left / left.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic wireframe perspective view of the element radiating from Figure 1, from a different angle of view than that of the Figure 1, where the mutual orientation of the different parts appears.
  • the radiating element 1 therefore consists of a first and a second coaxial circuits with independent access: the first compound of access excitation 2, supply guide 3, adaptation transformer 4 and polarizer 5 and working in high band (30 GHz), the second circuit comprising the excitation access 7, the ridged feed guide 6, the matching transformer 8 and polarizer 5 and working in a band low (20 GHz).
  • FIG. 3 again shows the relative arrangement of the different parts of the radiating element, including the relative position polarizers 5 and 9.
  • the polarizer 5 is largely contained in the polarizer 9, does not protruding only slightly in the direction of the Z axis. However, according to variant embodiments, polarizer 5 (30 GHz) can also be found totally included or entirely outside polarizer 9 (20 GHz).
  • the feed guides 3 and 6 open respectively, via the adaptation transformers 4 and 8, in the polarizers 5 and 9.
  • the radiating element 1 is therefore able to operate according to two different frequency bands, or more exactly two independent access sub-bands, one used for transmission (high band), the other used for reception (band low).
  • the particular geometry of the radiating element 1 also makes it possible to obtain circular polarization of the electromagnetic waves.
  • Figure 4 shows, in schematic wireframe perspective view, a second embodiment of a radiating element 1 according to the invention.
  • the difference with the first embodiment of the radiating element 1 is located at high frequency circuit level.
  • the high frequency element has a coaxial excitation access 2 identical to that of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 associated with a first end of a metallic feed guide 10 similar to the guide 3 of the previous figures.
  • the guide 10 has a cross section identical to that of the guide 3 but of shorter length (along the Z axis).
  • the guide 10 is housed in the guide 6, at the level of the ridge 6a, in the same way as the guide 3 in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the guide 10 is substantially interrupted at the junction between the guide 6 and the adaptation transformer 8, any other configuration remaining possible.
  • the guide 10 is coupled in a known manner to a microwave fiber 11 arranged in the extension of the guide 10.
  • the microwave fiber 11 is a dielectric guide with an axis coincident with the Z axis and propagating only the H11 hybrid mode (mode fundamental).
  • Fiber 11 has, like an optical fiber, a solid core cylindrical 12 surrounded by a hollow sheath 13 of tubular shape.
  • the heart 12 and the sheath 13, can be, for example, mounted one inside the other according to a tight or sliding fit with a fastening completed by a collage.
  • the microwave fiber is produced in a manner known in dielectric material of the so-called "index jump" type, the sheath 13 having a relatively high index (minimum 10 for example) to ensure good confinement of hybrid mode H11.
  • the heart index 12 is slightly higher than that of the sheath 13.
  • the materials that can be used are for example: synthetic sapphire, Berilium oxide, alumina ...
  • the coupling between the guide 10 and the microwave fiber 11 is done by through the heart 12 which has, at its end close to the access excitation 2, an extension 12a entering the guide 10.
  • This extension 12a is of substantially conical shape flaring in the direction of the Z axis.
  • microwave fiber 11 has such a geometry that it allows the generation of a circular polarization thanks to the generation of two orthogonal modes H11.
  • the core 12 of the microwave fiber 11 extends outside of the sheath 13 on the side opposite that of the first extension 12a in one second shaped extension 12b, seen in cross section, elliptical.
  • the particular ellipsoidal shape (of major axis parallel to the axis Z) of the radiating part 12b of the core 12 of the fiber 11 allows a generation of circular polarization of waves in a simple and without have to provide additional rooms.
  • the part of the radiating element 1 working in high band is disposed coaxially in the hollow metal part working in low band.
  • the feed guide 10 and the microwave fiber 11 pass through the ridged feed guide 6, the adapter transformer 8 and the polarizer 9.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 4, other geometries or arrangements being possible for the various elements, in particular for the guides 3, 6, 10, polarizers 5 and 9 or fiber 11, to generate circular polarization of the waves in the coaxial radiating element 1.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain a dual-band radiating element having a reduced bulk, suitable for generate circular polarization without using circuits complementary, with independent access for each sub-band of frequencies and which may have a frequency ratio of operating between 1.22 and 2.
  • This type of radiating element is particularly suitable for high frequencies, like those in the Ka band for example.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
EP01400810A 2000-04-20 2001-03-29 Zweiband-Mikrowellenstrahlelement Expired - Lifetime EP1152483B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0005091A FR2808126B1 (fr) 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Element rayonnant hyperfrequence bi-bande
FR0005091 2000-04-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1152483A1 true EP1152483A1 (de) 2001-11-07
EP1152483B1 EP1152483B1 (de) 2009-07-22

Family

ID=8849451

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01400810A Expired - Lifetime EP1152483B1 (de) 2000-04-20 2001-03-29 Zweiband-Mikrowellenstrahlelement

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6377224B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1152483B1 (de)
JP (3) JP5354830B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE437452T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2342953C (de)
DE (1) DE60139291D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2808126B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6608602B2 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-08-19 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for a high isolation dual port antenna system
JP4003498B2 (ja) * 2002-03-25 2007-11-07 三菱電機株式会社 高周波モジュールおよびアンテナ装置
CN104241088B (zh) * 2013-06-09 2017-07-14 中芯国际集成电路制造(上海)有限公司 条形结构的形成方法
CN108183336B (zh) * 2017-11-23 2019-11-19 北京遥感设备研究所 一种紧凑型脊波导到矩形波导正交极化变换器
CN117578095B (zh) * 2024-01-16 2024-04-09 柒零叁信息科技有限公司 一种毫米波双频宽带圆极化天线

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51147155A (en) * 1975-06-12 1976-12-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Excitation system for surface wave transmission line
US4825221A (en) * 1985-01-16 1989-04-25 Junkosha Co., Ltd. Directly emitting dielectric transmission line
EP0403894A2 (de) * 1989-06-23 1990-12-27 Hughes Aircraft Company Ineinandergeschachtelte Anordnung von Hornstrahlern
EP0443526A1 (de) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 Andrew A.G. Mikrowellenkoppeleinrichtung
US5635944A (en) * 1994-12-15 1997-06-03 Unisys Corporation Multi-band antenna feed with switchably shared I/O port

Family Cites Families (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4468672A (en) * 1981-10-28 1984-08-28 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Wide bandwidth hybrid mode feeds
JPS61142805A (ja) * 1984-12-14 1986-06-30 Nec Corp コルゲ−トホ−ン
JPH0682970B2 (ja) * 1985-01-09 1994-10-19 株式会社東芝 円偏波一次放射器
JPS6474803A (en) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-20 Nec Corp Horn antenna
JPH0230618U (de) * 1988-08-17 1990-02-27
JPH02137403A (ja) * 1988-11-17 1990-05-25 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 誘電体アンテナ
DE3840450A1 (de) * 1988-12-01 1990-06-07 Telefunken Systemtechnik Modenkoppler fuer monopulsanwendungen
US5258768A (en) * 1990-07-26 1993-11-02 Space Systems/Loral, Inc. Dual band frequency reuse antenna
JP3195923B2 (ja) * 1991-06-18 2001-08-06 米山 務 円偏波誘電体アンテナ
JP3388694B2 (ja) * 1997-09-01 2003-03-24 シャープ株式会社 ２周波共用一次放射器
JP2000036708A (ja) * 1998-07-17 2000-02-02 Harada Ind Co Ltd スロット結合型誘電体レゾネータアンテナ

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS51147155A (en) * 1975-06-12 1976-12-17 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Excitation system for surface wave transmission line
US4825221A (en) * 1985-01-16 1989-04-25 Junkosha Co., Ltd. Directly emitting dielectric transmission line
EP0403894A2 (de) * 1989-06-23 1990-12-27 Hughes Aircraft Company Ineinandergeschachtelte Anordnung von Hornstrahlern
EP0443526A1 (de) * 1990-02-20 1991-08-28 Andrew A.G. Mikrowellenkoppeleinrichtung
US5635944A (en) * 1994-12-15 1997-06-03 Unisys Corporation Multi-band antenna feed with switchably shared I/O port

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 001, no. 050 (E - 020) 16 May 1977 (1977-05-16) *
ZHANG H Z ET AL: "CHARACTERISTICS OF QUAD-RIDGED COAXIAL WAVEGUIDES FOR DUAL-BAND HORN APPLICATIONS", IEE PROCEEDINGS: MICROWAVES, ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION,GB,IEE, STEVENAGE, HERTS, vol. 145, no. 3, June 1998 (1998-06-01), pages 225 - 228, XP000790391, ISSN: 1350-2417 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2342953C (fr) 2009-07-07
DE60139291D1 (de) 2009-09-03
JP5354830B2 (ja) 2013-11-27
US20020011961A1 (en) 2002-01-31
JP2001358526A (ja) 2001-12-26
JP2013093898A (ja) 2013-05-16
JP2011259496A (ja) 2011-12-22
FR2808126A1 (fr) 2001-10-26
CA2342953A1 (fr) 2001-10-20
JP5600359B2 (ja) 2014-10-01
JP5355643B2 (ja) 2013-11-27
EP1152483B1 (de) 2009-07-22
US6377224B2 (en) 2002-04-23
ATE437452T1 (de) 2009-08-15
FR2808126B1 (fr) 2003-10-03

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