EP1148311B1 - Procédé de cuisson d'un matériau contenant des carbonates - Google Patents

Procédé de cuisson d'un matériau contenant des carbonates Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1148311B1
EP1148311B1 EP01810263A EP01810263A EP1148311B1 EP 1148311 B1 EP1148311 B1 EP 1148311B1 EP 01810263 A EP01810263 A EP 01810263A EP 01810263 A EP01810263 A EP 01810263A EP 1148311 B1 EP1148311 B1 EP 1148311B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burning
shaft
lances
fuel
kiln
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01810263A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1148311A2 (fr
EP1148311A3 (fr
Inventor
Hannes Piringer
Walter Egger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maerz Ofenbau AG
Original Assignee
Maerz Ofenbau AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maerz Ofenbau AG filed Critical Maerz Ofenbau AG
Publication of EP1148311A2 publication Critical patent/EP1148311A2/fr
Publication of EP1148311A3 publication Critical patent/EP1148311A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1148311B1 publication Critical patent/EP1148311B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/36—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber shaft-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for firing carbonate-containing Material in a shaft furnace, with gravity feed by a preheating zone, at least one firing zone and a cooling zone to a discharge device, wherein a Fuel supply in the combustion zone or adjacent to this takes place over several guided through the shaft wall burning lances and combustion air supplied as cooling air under pressure becomes.
  • An energy-saving mode of operation is through multi-shaft furnaces after the DC regenerative process in so-called MAERZ ovens given. At them the fuel gets through hanging in the firing dipping arranged burning lances fed in the feed zone evenly over the Shaft cross section are arranged distributed. Such ovens known However, they are only suitable for soft fires.
  • US-A-3 355 158 describes a firing furnace, distributed over its cross-section Burner are arranged, which are befastigt adjustable on the shaft wall transversely thereto.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of to find the type mentioned by the particular small-grained fuel with different degrees of combustion to the deadburn in an economical way in shaft furnaces be burned to a high quality product can.
  • a method of the aforementioned Art proposed according to the invention thereby characterized is that the Firing lances for selecting the position of their Mouths are moved during furnace operation perpendicular to the shaft wall so that the at the Firing lances forming single flames together one Form flame area at least approximately above the entire shaft cross-section extends; to burn becomes one Material selected whose grain size ranges from 5 to 70 mm lies.
  • each burner lance preferably only for the generation of each a flame is provided, it has compared to numerous Brenner burner having a low Cross section and therefore only leads to a negligible Influencing the fuel flow. It's surprising shown that the burning lances nevertheless sufficient Flexural strength have to the pressure of it flowing around to take up granular fuel.
  • each burning lance perpendicular to Shaft wall is prevented between itself and the Shaft wall forms a gap by accumulating fuel could.
  • the local restriction of the shaft cross-section through the fire lances projecting into it decrease by adding the focal lances in multiple levels on top of each other and to those of another level in the circumferential direction be arranged offset so that the required Fuel quantity distributed over several shafts is supplied.
  • the height of the furnace shaft 2 is by the method in connection with the setting of the conveying speed by means of the discharge device 5 to be determined residence times of the fuel. These residence times spread over an upper, to the loading area 6 subsequent preheating zone 7, on one down following combustion zone 8 and one to the discharge device. 5 extending cooling zone 9.
  • the supply of gaseous, liquid or powdery Fuel takes place over numerous, in one or more levels 10 to 12 arranged burning lances 13, extending through the Shaft wall 3,4 extend into the shaft space 2 inside.
  • the temperatures would be in the Near the shaft wall too high, with the risk of sintering together and in the middle of the shaft too low and below the indicated by the curve 17 minimum firing temperature.
  • the radial positions that can be read on the abscissa of the diagram are only relative and not specific Shaft diameter related. However, the shaft diameter can a radius of 1, although larger Well dimensions can be realized, e.g. with a Diameter of three or more meters.
  • the combustion tube 18 has a connecting piece 22 for the supply line primary combustion air. Furthermore, at the rear End of the fuel lance 13 a coaxially with this running Fuel pipe 23,24 or 25 used, depending on the type of fuel to use different is executed. For powdered fuel, the fuel pipe has the shape of a short nozzle 23 accordingly Figure 7. For liquid and gaseous fuel extends the fuel pipe 24 or 25 until shortly before the mouth 14 of the burning lance 13, to there with the in the enclosing Ring channel 26 incoming primary combustion air mix.
  • Figures 3 to 5 illustrate a different angular arrangement the arranged in three levels burning lances 13, so that the burning lances 13 to those of another level are angularly offset.
  • the burning lances 13 of the different focal planes 10, 11 and 12 is a special even with small flame training extensive coverage of the shaft cross-section through given at each of the mouths 14 forming flames.
  • the size of these flames is due to several factors determined, i. the amount of fuel, the amount of primary and secondary combustion air and the grain size of the fuel. A small grain size leads to a denser bulk packing and thus to a lesser Propagation of the flame.
  • the limitation of the Grain size to a range preferably less than 70 mm grain size the advantage of a lower mechanical load the transversely projecting into the flowing bulk material Burning lances 13 and the advantage of a smaller adjustable Residence time, allowing a sintering of fuel can be prevented by a short residence time.
  • the particle size distribution in the smallest possible area For one uniform degree of combustion should the particle size distribution in the smallest possible area.
  • the relevant fuel lance be held in the manner of a weighing beam, with a Force measuring point outside the shaft wall 3 and with a Device for generating mechanical oscillations in the Overshoot of a permissible force is switched on automatically becomes. In this way, the burning lance can be shake it free, if it should form a jam on it. A shaking of the burning lance can also be her pushing in facilitate the filled shaft space 2.
  • the fuel supply in the individual focal planes 10, 11 and 12 can be individually adjusted to zero, depending on from the desired degree of combustion or the residence time in a certain temperature range a certain temperature profile in the shaft longitudinal direction or in the flow direction to receive the incoming air from below.
  • This air is kept in the range of e.g. designed as a sliding table Discharge device 5 with overpressure by at least an unillustrated blower supplied so that they are in Countercurrent to the downwards moving by gravity Bulk column through the grain structure upwards flows. At first, it serves as cooling air in the cooling zone 9, then in the combustion zone 8 as, for example, secondary Combustion air and last, in the upper preheating zone. 7 the oven to preheat the fuel and thereby, accordingly a preferred embodiment of the invention, for Preheating the flowing to the fuel lances 13, primary Combustion air in there arranged hanging heat exchange tubes 29th
  • the invention essential arrangement of the burning lances 13 and from their mouths 14, distributed over the shaft cross-section, allows new types of process management, with special high flame temperatures in the range of 1800 ° C in a short Dwell time without being at such temperatures in itself expected sintering, i. the formation of blökken occurs, so that was previously impossible Hard burning in vertical shaft furnace with gaseous, liquid and powdered fuels is possible.
  • FIGs of Figs. 10 to 13 show for a particular Dwell time due to the control of the fuel supply in conjunction with adapted primary air supply via the burning lances 13 and countercurrently supplied secondary Combustion air achievable temperature curves for the fuel lime (CaCO3), based on the longitudinal section of the shaft furnace.
  • the temperature of the fuel represented by a solid line 30, while the temperature of the forming by the combustion Fuel gas and the cooling or Sekundärverbrennungs Kunststoff the dashed line 31 corresponds.
  • the fuel supply is graded over in the three Focal planes 10 to 12 arranged burning lances 13 in substantially less than hard firing, so that flame temperatures corresponding to the three temperature peaks 32 train up to 34. at about 1200 ° C in the first focal plane and at about 1400 ° C in the third focal plane.
  • the fuel flowing from top to bottom thus passes in the first focal plane 30 first in contact with fuel gas of 1200 ° Celsius and in the subsequent focal planes with hotter fuel gas of a maximum of about 1400 ° C.
  • the combustion zone 8 has a corresponding long extension in the direction of the chess with correspondingly larger Dwell time of the fuel in the firing zone 8.
  • This heating takes place within the furnace 1 ', by the combustion air is guided through heat exchange tubes 36, which are connected to an and return part 37, 38 hanging vertically and in the circumferential direction of the shaft 2 or evenly on the shaft cross-section distributed in the fuel of the preheating zone. 7 plunge.
  • the arrangement of the heat exchange tubes 36 in the oven 1 'in direct contact with the kiln and the fuel gases leads to a particularly good heat transfer through heat conduction, Convection and heat radiation.
  • the heat exchange surfaces of the tubes 36 through the under Gravity influence on fuel flowing along them cleaned automatically.
  • the possible savings in heat energy is compared to a furnace without preheating of primary combustion air approx. 7 to 10%, at an exhaust gas temperature from about 190 ° C instead of about 330 ° C.
  • Figs. 11 and 13 illustrate that due to the additional one Heat exchanges in the tubes 36 resulting different Temperature profile in the direction of the chute.
  • the double shaft furnaces 40, 40 'and 40 "of the embodiments the invention of Fig.14 to Fig16 are like the operated MAERZ-ovens operated by the regenerative process.
  • the switching of these flow conditions in the oven at intervals of, for example 10 to 15 minutes.
  • FIG.14 16 illustrate by the directional arrows the operating state, in the combustion air to the shaft 41 via the line 47 supplied and the exhaust gas from the other shaft 42 is derived via line 48.
  • the same switching principle can also be more than two parallel to each other Manholes 41, 42 operated with alternating operating state become.
  • the double shaft furnace according to Fig.15 are in both shafts. 41,42 only transversely arranged firing lances 55 provided. Of the In contrast, double shaft furnace according to FIG Preheating area 56 hanging arranged heat exchange tubes 58th for heating of primary combustion air, as previously for Einschachtofen has been described according to Fig.2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de cuisson de matériaux carbonatés dans un four à cuve (1), avec un système de transport par force de gravité à travers une zone de pré-chauffage (7), au moins une zone de cuisson (8) et une zone de refroidissement (9) vers un dispositif de déchargement (5), dans lequel un dispositif d'alimentation en matière combustible est réalisé dans la zone de cuisson (8) ou à proximité de celle-ci par plusieurs lances de combustion (13) insérées à travers la paroi de cuve (3,4) et l'air de combustion est alimenté comme air refroidissant sous une surpression, caractérisé en ce que les lances de combustion (13) sont déplacées pendant le fonctionnement du four perpendiculairement à la paroi de cuve (3,4) afin de sélectionner la position de leurs buses (14), de telle sorte que les flammes individuelles se formant sur les lances de combustion (13) forment conjointement une zone de flammes, qui s'étend au moins approximativement sur l'ensemble de la section transversale de la cuve, moyennant quoi, en vue de la cuisson, un matériau à brûler est choisi, dont la taille de grains est comprise entre 5 et 70 mm.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'alimentation en combustible est réalisé par plusieurs groupes prévus les uns sur les autres de lances de combustion (13) respectivement disposées sur au moins approximativement le même niveau (10-12) et, en fonction du degré de cuisson souhaité dans la zone de cuisson (8), un profil de température ayant cours dans la direction longitudinale du four est régulé par la modification de l'alimentation en combustible sur un ou plusieurs des groupes de lances individuels.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la distribution de températures sur la section transversale du four est réglée par le déplacement des lances (13) en fonction de valeurs de température détectées par des sondes de mesure.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que, afin de recouvrir uniformément et conjointement la section transversale de cuve par des zones de flammes individuelles, prévues les unes sur les autres, les directions de déplacement des lances de combustion (13) disposées les unes sur les autres sont décalées les unes des autres dans le sens de la périphérie de la cuve.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que de l'air de combustion est alimenté en supplément dans la matière à brûler par les lances de combustion (13).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'air de combustion introduit par les lances de combustion (13) est chauffé à l'intérieur de la zone de pré-chauffage (7), en l'introduisant à travers des tuyaux d'échangeur de chaleur (36), qui sont disposés parallèlement à la paroi de la cuve (3,4) et répartis, suspendus au dessus de la section transversale de four, dans la zone de pré-chauffage (7) du four.
  7. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 6 de cuisson dans un four à plusieurs cuves (40) après le procédé régénératif, en introduisant entre les cuves (41,42) de manière alternée dans le temps de l'air de combustion dans le courant continu et en introduisant en continu un contre-courant d'air refroidissant dans la zone inférieure des cuves (41,42), caractérisé en ce que, pendant l'alimentation en combustible du fonctionnement en courant continu dans une des cuves (41,42), dans une ou plusieurs autres cuves (42,41) reliées transversalement à la première, un combustible est introduit avec ou sans air de combustion par des lances de combustion (52,55) disposées dans la zone de cuisson (44), déplaçables transversalement par rapport à la paroi du four.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'alimentation en combustible pendant respectivement une des périodes de fonctionnement du procédé régénératif dans une des cuves (41,42) est effectuée dans le courant continu par des lances de combustion (51) suspendues.
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la profondeur d'insertion maximale des lances de combustion (51,52,55) va approximativement jusqu'au centre de la section transversale de la cuve, de telle sorte que la flamme correspondante (53,54) atteigne le centre, moyennant quoi la portée entre appuis de l'espace de cuve est limité à 3 m.
  10. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que au moins les lances de combustion (51, 52,55) saillant le plus loin à l'intérieur de l'espace de cuve sont traversées par un milieu de refroidissement.
EP01810263A 2000-04-11 2001-03-16 Procédé de cuisson d'un matériau contenant des carbonates Expired - Lifetime EP1148311B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH7212000 2000-04-11
CH7212000 2000-04-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1148311A2 EP1148311A2 (fr) 2001-10-24
EP1148311A3 EP1148311A3 (fr) 2003-12-03
EP1148311B1 true EP1148311B1 (fr) 2005-11-09

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EP01810263A Expired - Lifetime EP1148311B1 (fr) 2000-04-11 2001-03-16 Procédé de cuisson d'un matériau contenant des carbonates

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6461154B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1148311B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100414234C (fr)
AT (1) ATE309514T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0101435B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50107945D1 (fr)
EA (1) EA003894B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2254352T3 (fr)
IL (1) IL142368A (fr)
MX (1) MXPA01003608A (fr)
UA (1) UA72224C2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016103937A1 (de) 2016-03-04 2017-09-07 Maerz Ofenbau Ag Ofen und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Ofens
WO2020182584A1 (fr) 2019-03-08 2020-09-17 Maerz Ofenbau Ag Procédé et four à cuve pour la combustion de matières contenant du carbone dans un four à cuve

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006525807A (ja) * 2003-05-02 2006-11-16 シグマ−アルドリッチ・カンパニー 固相細胞溶解および捕捉プラットフォーム
WO2006026248A1 (fr) 2004-08-25 2006-03-09 Sigma-Aldrich Co. Compositions et procedes faisant appel a des combinaisons de detergents zwitterioniques
WO2008070931A1 (fr) * 2006-12-15 2008-06-19 Eestech, Inc. Appareil de combustion
BE1018212A3 (fr) * 2008-07-10 2010-07-06 Carmeuse Res And Technology Methode de conduite des fours droits de type regeneratif pour la production de chaux.
DE102009058304B4 (de) * 2009-12-15 2013-01-17 Maerz Ofenbau Ag Gleichstrom-Gegenstrom-Regenerativ-Kalkofen sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben desselben
WO2011114187A1 (fr) * 2010-03-17 2011-09-22 Cimprogetti S.P.A. Four destiné à la production d'oxyde de calcium
CN102052826A (zh) * 2010-12-23 2011-05-11 马全才 节能型竖窑
US11333354B2 (en) * 2017-03-24 2022-05-17 Af Ingenieria, S.L. System for waste treatment
SE540217C2 (en) * 2017-06-26 2018-05-02 Faeltkalk Ab A vertical lime kiln
BE1027100B1 (de) 2019-03-08 2020-10-05 Maerz Ofenbau Verfahren und Schachtofen zum Brennen von karbonhaltigem Material in einem Schachtofen
CN114111346B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-12-01 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 一种双膛窑检修后兑火提温快速复产方法

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US3355158A (en) * 1966-04-26 1967-11-28 Harbison Walker Refractories Shaft kiln
US3887326A (en) * 1971-02-08 1975-06-03 Ici Ltd Kilns and furnaces
DE2705710C3 (de) * 1977-02-11 1980-06-04 Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag, 5000 Koeln Gegenstrombrennverfahren zur Erzeugung von Branntkalk und Schachtofen zur Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens
CH638604A5 (de) * 1978-12-29 1983-09-30 Maerz Ofenbau Verfahren zum brennen von mineralischen karbonathaltigen rohstoffen im gleichstrom-regenerativ-schachthofen.
CH647313A5 (de) * 1980-04-30 1985-01-15 Maerz Ofenbau Regenerativ-schachtofen zum brennen von karbonathaltigen rohstoffen.
AT377248B (de) * 1982-07-12 1985-02-25 Maerz Ofenbau Verfahren und schachtofen zum brennen von kalkstein
AT378970B (de) * 1982-12-21 1985-10-25 Voest Alpine Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von flùssigem roheisen oder stahlvorprodukten
US4747773A (en) * 1986-03-21 1988-05-31 Predescu Lucian A Shaft kiln utilized for lime production
DE4090997T1 (de) * 1989-06-10 1991-08-29 September 27 Research Inst Ofen fuer die kalziumkarbidherstellung nach dem sauerstoffwaermeverfahren
CH686459A5 (de) * 1992-03-07 1996-03-29 Maerz Ofenbau Schachtofen zum Brennen von stuckigem, mineralischem Fuellgut.
GB9604475D0 (en) * 1996-03-01 1996-05-01 Boc Group Plc Furnace waste gas combustion control

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016103937A1 (de) 2016-03-04 2017-09-07 Maerz Ofenbau Ag Ofen und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Ofens
WO2017149110A1 (fr) 2016-03-04 2017-09-08 Maerz Ofenbau Ag Four et procédé permettant de faire fonctionner un four
US10947125B2 (en) 2016-03-04 2021-03-16 Maerz Ofenbau Ag Furnace and method for operating a furnace
WO2020182584A1 (fr) 2019-03-08 2020-09-17 Maerz Ofenbau Ag Procédé et four à cuve pour la combustion de matières contenant du carbone dans un four à cuve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MXPA01003608A (es) 2005-06-30
CN100414234C (zh) 2008-08-27
CN1317679A (zh) 2001-10-17
BR0101435A (pt) 2001-11-13
US6461154B2 (en) 2002-10-08
BR0101435B1 (pt) 2010-11-16
ES2254352T3 (es) 2006-06-16
UA72224C2 (uk) 2005-02-15
EA200100339A3 (ru) 2002-02-28
IL142368A0 (en) 2002-03-10
EA003894B1 (ru) 2003-10-30
ATE309514T1 (de) 2005-11-15
EP1148311A2 (fr) 2001-10-24
DE50107945D1 (de) 2005-12-15
IL142368A (en) 2004-02-19
US20010029005A1 (en) 2001-10-11
EP1148311A3 (fr) 2003-12-03
EA200100339A2 (ru) 2001-10-22

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