EP1148147B1 - Draht für Drahtlichtbogenspitzverfahren - Google Patents

Draht für Drahtlichtbogenspitzverfahren Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1148147B1
EP1148147B1 EP01105650A EP01105650A EP1148147B1 EP 1148147 B1 EP1148147 B1 EP 1148147B1 EP 01105650 A EP01105650 A EP 01105650A EP 01105650 A EP01105650 A EP 01105650A EP 1148147 B1 EP1148147 B1 EP 1148147B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silicon
weight
filling
material wire
wire according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01105650A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1148147A1 (de
Inventor
Manfred Dr. Fischer
Peter Gödel
Werner Trübenbach
Reinhard Dr. Rosert
Markus Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding & Co K GmbH
Federal Mogul Friedberg GmbH
Original Assignee
Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding & Co KG GmbH
Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding
Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding & Co KG GmbH
Federal Mogul Friedberg GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding & Co KG GmbH, Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding, Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding & Co KG GmbH, Federal Mogul Friedberg GmbH filed Critical Drahtzug Stein Wire & Welding & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP1148147A1 publication Critical patent/EP1148147A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1148147B1 publication Critical patent/EP1148147B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/937—Sprayed metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
    • Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
    • Y10T428/12097—Nonparticulate component encloses particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a material wire for the production of moldings made of wear-resistant and tribologically favorable aluminum / silicon alloys thermal spraying method, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such Material wire is e.g. from DE 19 841 619 A1 or EP 987339 A known.
  • Alloys of this type are known per se, in particular as surface coatings. You will find in particular as cylinder liners of cylinder housings in Reciprocating machines or internal combustion engines use.
  • Coatings Aluminum / silicon alloys are known for example from US 50 22 455 A. In layers of molten aluminum and silicon particles are described, the be sprayed separately onto the surface to be coated. Although such Coatings can be applied in a variety of ways to surfaces of substrates thermal spray processes are particularly suitable, for example Plasma spraying or wire arc spraying. When plasma spraying is in the flame melted powdered starting material used in the Wire arc spraying is a metallic starting material in the form of a material wire. Wire arc spraying is particularly preferred because of its high cycle times a large application rate of the coating allows and with regard to the material as well is inexpensive with regard to the system.
  • the wire has a solid core conductive metal and a shell in which solid lubricant particles and wear-resistant Particles suspended homogeneously in a conductive metal corresponding to the solid core are.
  • a composite wire is relatively complex to manufacture and expensive and not suitable for all applications.
  • JP 53-149 832 is a wire with a sub-entectic Al / Si alloy known.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a material wire of the above type to deliver, which has a good and precise eligibility and, an even Distribution of the alloying elements.
  • a tube made of casing material is filled with filler material and then subjected to drawing and / or rolling processes to the diameter of the Reduce wire.
  • Magnesium is preferably added to the aluminum alloy of the shell. Because by that is the surface of the shell of the during the drawing and rolling processes in the manufacture Cored wire solidified. This results in a good and precise eligibility of the Material wire.
  • the ratio of the proportions in the resulting alloy to that to be produced Shaped body can be adjusted and controlled.
  • Addition of boron as a component of the fill is preferred to improve fluidity to improve the molded body to be produced.
  • the silicon content is preferably about 15% by weight to about 40% by weight.
  • a silicon content of between approximately 20% by weight and approximately 30 is more preferred Wt .-%.
  • the material wire is preferably composed of sheath and filling such that in addition to Aluminum and silicon together further portions of the molded body to be produced less than about 2% by weight.
  • the wire preferably has a filling, the components of which have a statistical average Grain size between 300 and 600 ⁇ m exhibit.
  • This version relates in particular to fillings that are silicon or im contain substantial silicon or at least a silicon portion.
  • the filling contains essentially silicon, while the casing in contains essential aluminum, the content of silicon based on the Total wire weight between 20 and 26, more preferably between 21 and 25 and am most preferred is between 22 and 24% by weight, the rest i.w. Is aluminum.
  • the silicon content due to enrichment by Al burn, between 22 and 29, more preferably between 24 and 28 and most preferably between 25 and 27% by weight.
  • the filling preferably contains up to max. 1% by weight boron, up to max. 10% by weight A1 and the rest Silicon, while the shell up to max. 1 wt% Si, max. 2% by weight of Mg and max. to 4 % By weight of Mn and A1.
  • the material wire according to the invention is preferably used in wire arc spraying processes Use. And preferred here for the production of cylinder liners from Internal combustion engines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sketch of the material wire 10 according to the invention, the one Cover 12 and a filling 14 comprises.
  • the shell 12 comprises an alloy Aluminum with the alloy components silicon, magnesium, manganese. From the shell 12 includes the filling 14, the other powdery components for a resulting alloy of a molded body to be produced, which with the Material wire according to the invention by an arc spraying method on a substrate can be applied.
  • the filling contains the alloy components silicon, boron and Aluminum.
  • the manufacturing process provides for the provision of a closed seamless tube as a sheath 12.
  • the shell 12 comprises an aluminum-based alloy with at least one further alloy component.
  • magnesium, silicon and manganese are added to the aluminum.
  • the tube of the sleeve 12 can be drawn, welded, or extruded.
  • the casing 12 is then filled with a filling material 14.
  • the components of the filling 14 are in the form of a coarse powder.
  • a powder mixture is used which has silicon, aluminum and boron. Even if a coarse powder is used, the maximum grain size is about 600 ⁇ m.
  • the silicon content of the wire is about 23%, with the rest being aluminum.
  • the filling 14 is compressed by directional shaking when filling.
  • the powder of the filling 14 is crushed, which leads to a dense filling and has a positive effect on the uniform distribution in the layer. Therefore, no organic or inorganic binders have to be used in the production of the material wire according to the invention, which furthermore has a positive effect on a low porosity in the layer. This represents a significant improvement compared to surface coatings produced by plasma spraying, since only fine agglomerated and therefore expensive powders can be used here.
  • the silicon portion of the spray layer formed is between 25 and 27% by weight due to an Si enrichment caused by Al erosion during the spraying process.
  • the diameter of the wire before drawing is about 10-11 mm, preferably about 10.4 mm, 6.4 mm for the filling and 4.0 mm for the casing. After pulling the wire has a diameter of 3.6 to 4 mm, of which about 2-3 mm on the filling omitted.
  • composition of the alloy of the spray layer or of the shaped body formed is max. 2% by weight B, max. 5% by weight Mn, max. 3% by weight of Mg, between 15-40% by weight Si and between 60-85 wt .-% Al.
  • the Mg content can be higher due to Al burnup preferred Al content is about 75%, the preferred Si content is about 25%.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
EP01105650A 2000-04-20 2001-03-07 Draht für Drahtlichtbogenspitzverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP1148147B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10019794 2000-04-20
DE10019794A DE10019794C2 (de) 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Draht für Drahtlichtbogenspritzverfahren sowie dessen Verwendung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1148147A1 EP1148147A1 (de) 2001-10-24
EP1148147B1 true EP1148147B1 (de) 2004-07-28

Family

ID=7639588

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01105650A Expired - Lifetime EP1148147B1 (de) 2000-04-20 2001-03-07 Draht für Drahtlichtbogenspitzverfahren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6479165B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP1148147B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2002004025A (ja)
AT (1) ATE272131T1 (ja)
DE (2) DE10019794C2 (ja)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005022469B4 (de) * 2005-05-14 2011-05-05 Audi Ag Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Zylinderkurbelgehäuse

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10313957A1 (de) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-22 Bwg Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Fläche eines Gleisbauteils sowie Gleisbauteil
FI20060803A0 (fi) * 2006-09-08 2006-09-08 Laser Lane Oy Menetelmiä terälaikan valmistamiseksi, terälaikka ja lisäaineen käyttö sen valmistamiseksi
JP2009019218A (ja) * 2007-07-10 2009-01-29 Yoshikawa Kogyo Co Ltd 溶射用線材及びそれを用いて形成された溶射皮膜
US9475154B2 (en) 2013-05-30 2016-10-25 Lincoln Global, Inc. High boron hardfacing electrode
JP6521958B2 (ja) 2013-07-16 2019-05-29 テネコ・インコーポレイテッドＴｅｎｎｅｃｏ Ｉｎｃ． 結合層を備えたシリンダーライナー
EP2913141B1 (en) * 2014-02-28 2019-11-06 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Metal-core welding wire and method for forming the same
US9528464B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2016-12-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Bore bridge cooling passage
US9950449B2 (en) 2015-03-02 2018-04-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Process and tool for forming a vehicle component
US10113502B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2018-10-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine
CN113165885B (zh) 2018-11-29 2024-05-14 赢创运营有限公司 用于耐火玻璃的具有长贮存期的二氧化硅水分散体

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53149832A (en) * 1977-06-03 1978-12-27 Hitachi Ltd Composite material for spraying
FI830737L (fi) * 1983-03-04 1984-09-05 Telatek Oy Foerfarande foer aostadkommande av en belaeggning, som motstaor bra kemisk och mekanisk slitning och en traod foer anvaendning vid foerfarandet.
JPS617507A (ja) * 1984-06-19 1986-01-14 日立電線株式会社 複合アルミニウム線
US5022455A (en) 1989-07-31 1991-06-11 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of producing aluminum base alloy containing silicon
US5294462A (en) * 1990-11-08 1994-03-15 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Electric arc spray coating with cored wire
US5194304A (en) * 1992-07-07 1993-03-16 Ford Motor Company Thermally spraying metal/solid libricant composites using wire feedstock
JPH06235057A (ja) 1992-12-07 1994-08-23 Ford Motor Co 複合メタライジング線およびその使用方法
GB9703823D0 (en) * 1997-02-24 1997-04-16 Metallisation Ltd Metal spraying
US6123999A (en) * 1997-03-21 2000-09-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Wear resistant non-stick resin coated substrates
AU3118099A (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-18 Corrpro Companies Inc. Cathodic protection anode and method for steel reinforced concrete
DE19841619C2 (de) * 1998-09-11 2002-11-28 Daimler Chrysler Ag Werkstoffdraht zur Erzeugung verschleißfester Beschichtungen aus übereutektischen Al/Si-Legierungen durch thermisches Spritzen und seine Verwendung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005022469B4 (de) * 2005-05-14 2011-05-05 Audi Ag Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Zylinderkurbelgehäuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10019794A1 (de) 2001-11-08
US20010033942A1 (en) 2001-10-25
ATE272131T1 (de) 2004-08-15
JP2002004025A (ja) 2002-01-09
DE10019794C2 (de) 2002-08-29
US6479165B2 (en) 2002-11-12
DE50102958D1 (de) 2004-09-02
EP1148147A1 (de) 2001-10-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3785885T2 (de) Zusammengesetzter draht fuer verschleissfeste ueberzuege.
DE19733204B4 (de) Beschichtung aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium/Silizium Legierung, Spritzpulver zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung
DE19733205B4 (de) Beschichtung für eine Zylinderlauffläche einer Hubkolbenmaschine aus einer übereutektischen Aluminium/Siliziumlegierung, Spritzpulver zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
DE19841619C2 (de) Werkstoffdraht zur Erzeugung verschleißfester Beschichtungen aus übereutektischen Al/Si-Legierungen durch thermisches Spritzen und seine Verwendung
EP1148147B1 (de) Draht für Drahtlichtbogenspitzverfahren
DE102006031043A1 (de) Mit Lagermaterial beschichtetes Gleitelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE3344450A1 (de) Motormaentel auf basis von aluminiumlegierungen und intermetallischen verbindungen und verfahren zu deren herstellung
EP1896626B1 (de) Verfahren zum beschichten einer zylinderlaufbuchse
DE2415035B2 (de) Verfahren zum pulvermetallurgischen Herstellen eines Gleitstücks hoher Festigkeit, insbesondere einer Scheiteldichtung für Drehkolbenmaschinen
DE19640789C2 (de) Verschleißfeste beschichtete Bauteile für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, insbesondere Kolbenringe und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE19722023A1 (de) Oberflächenbehandeltes Gußeisenrohr und Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung von Gußeisenrohren
DE10002570B4 (de) Thermisches Spritzmaterial, Struktur und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
WO2002095089A2 (de) Verfahren zur bildung einer hochfesten und verschleissbeständigen verbundschicht
DE102020132346A1 (de) Zylinderlaufbahnbeschichtung für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie Spritzdraht zur Herstellung einer derartigen Zylinderlaufbahnbeschichtung
DE1758169A1 (de) Elektrode mit gegen Oxydation widerstandsfaehiger Schutzschicht und Verfahren zum UEberziehen der Elektrode mit einer solchen Schutzschicht
WO2005012590A2 (de) Ventilsitzringe aus co oder co/mo-basislegierungen und deren herstellung
DE10347512C5 (de) Zylinderlaufbuchse mit thermisch gespritzter Rauschicht für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, ihre Anbindung an einen Verbundkörper und so hergestellter Verbundkörper
DE102008062614A1 (de) Vorprodukt für die Herstellung gesinterter metallischer Bauteile, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Vorproduktes sowie die Herstellung der Bauteile
DE102018208734A1 (de) Reibungsteil mit verschleissfester Beschichtung und Beschichtungsverfahren dafür
DE19845349A1 (de) Fülldraht zum thermischen Spritzen an Wärmetauschern und Feuerungsanlagen
DE102014208325B4 (de) Verschleißfeste Legierungen mit komplexer Mikrostruktur
DE102014208443B4 (de) Verschleißfeste Legierung mit komplexer Mikrostruktur
DE3114701C2 (de) Verfahren zum Auftragschweißen einer Metallschicht auf eine Aluminiumlegierung
DE3017100A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von bauteilen bzw. schichtwerkstoff mit durch thermisches spritzen gebildeter, im wesentlichen metallischer oberflaechenschicht hoher oberflaechenqualitaet, wie korrosionsfestigkeit, verschleissfestigkeit u.dgl.
EP2167829B1 (de) Gleitlagerverbundwerkstoff

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20011107

AKX Designation fees paid

Free format text: AT DE FR GB IT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20031107

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT DE FR GB IT

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: DRAHTZUG STEIN WIRE & WELDING GMBH & CO. K

Owner name: FEDERAL-MOGUL FRIEDBERG GMBH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 20040728

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50102958

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20040902

Kind code of ref document: P

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20050429

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20080211

Year of fee payment: 8

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20080325

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20090206

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20090331

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20090306

Year of fee payment: 9

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20090307

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090307

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100307

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20101130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20101001

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090307