EP1148146B1 - Process and device for controlled quenching of light metal castings in a liquid bath - Google Patents

Process and device for controlled quenching of light metal castings in a liquid bath Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1148146B1
EP1148146B1 EP01108439A EP01108439A EP1148146B1 EP 1148146 B1 EP1148146 B1 EP 1148146B1 EP 01108439 A EP01108439 A EP 01108439A EP 01108439 A EP01108439 A EP 01108439A EP 1148146 B1 EP1148146 B1 EP 1148146B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
liquid bath
gas bubbles
liquid
stream
cast parts
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01108439A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1148146B8 (en
EP1148146A2 (en
EP1148146A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Dr. Stika
Johann Preisinger
Johann Huber
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Hydro Aluminium Mandl and Berger GmbH
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VAW Mandl und Berger GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C21D1/64—Quenching devices for bath quenching with circulating liquids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for the controlled quenching of light metal castings in a liquid bath.
  • the quenching of castings in a liquid bath is a well-known element of the heat treatment of both ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
  • both the immersion of castings in a water bath or an oil bath and as an alternative to the brewing under water is known.
  • the cooling of castings in the air stream is common. According to the different heat transfer in liquid or -gasförmigem cooling medium, free convection or forced flow, and depending on the heat capacity of the cooling medium and the thermal conductivity of the metal different cooling rates can be achieved in order to form certain microstructures in the casting in different layer thicknesses.
  • a device which comprises a liquid container, are guided into the gas lines over the edge, which serve to supply loop-shaped horizontally extending Gasausblas effeten. Parts to be hardened are lowered into the liquid container by means of a carrying device when gas is already emerging from the gas discharge lines.
  • a device which comprises a liquid container, in whose side wall a compressed gas line opens, followed by an injector in the interior of the container for forming a gas-bubble-enriched cooling stream.
  • an injector in the interior of the container for forming a gas-bubble-enriched cooling stream.
  • To be hardened parts are lowered by means of a gripper device in the liquid.
  • EP 0 345 205 A has described a method for hardening a cylindrical hollow body made of steel, in which the hardening is achieved by cooling the hollow body in a coolant, in particular a water bath.
  • a coolant in particular a water bath.
  • the hollow body is immersed along its longitudinal axis with a part of its surface in the coolant bath and rotated about its longitudinal axis.
  • the introduction of compressed air can be done for example by means of a arranged at the bottom of the liquid bath nozzle tube.
  • the gas bubbles are generated at the bottom of the liquid bath preferably uniformly distributed in situ.
  • the castings can be conveniently arranged at a distance above a formation zone of the gas bubbles.
  • the liquid bath may in this case be a water bath and the gas bubble stream consist of air bubbles. While the immersion of the castings in the liquid bath leads to known Abkühlkurven after a previous heating of the castings to a certain initial temperature, the cooling rate can be significantly reduced or increased by the addition of a gas bubble stream according to the invention.
  • the gas bubble stream need not be applied during the entire quenching process; Rather, it can be turned off before the final removal of the castings from the liquid bath again.
  • the gas bubble generator according to the invention may comprise at least one air supply chamber at the bottom of the basin, which is closed by a cover with a plurality of gas outlet openings.
  • the cover may consist of a porous plate, which leaves a gas bubble flow uniformly distributed at an overpressure in the air supply chamber upwards.
  • the porous plate may for example consist of open metal foam, porous ceramic or sintered metal.
  • Another possibility is to use a wire mesh element as a cover of the air supply chamber. In principle, it is favorable if a drainage of liquid into the air supply chamber can be avoided. Because this is not completely possible is to provide a drain for liquid in the air supply chamber.
  • the air supply chamber should include pressure control means to regulate the gas bubble flow.
  • the uniform air supply chamber can also be replaced by individual channels or lines with individual nozzle heads at the bottom of the basin, each with a plurality of gas outlet openings.
  • cover of the air supply chamber may be provided in the basin a supporting floor for depositing the castings, which must have relatively large passage openings for the passage of the gas bubble stream.
  • a basin 11 is shown by cuboidal shape, which has an upper opening 12 and a bottom 15, over which at some distance a cover 13 is retracted, which closes an air supply chamber 14.
  • the cover is formed by a porous plate forming a plurality of gas outlet openings.
  • the cover 13 rests on circumferentially placed on the bottom 15 box sections 21.
  • About the cover 13 is at some distance a supporting bottom 22 retracted for depositing the castings.
  • the basin 11 is filled with quench liquid 16, ascend in the gas bubbles 17, which rise from the air supply chamber 14 through the porous cover 13.
  • the basin 11 has a closable water inlet 18 below the support floor 22 and a shut-off water drain 19 near the upper opening 12 of the basin 11.
  • the air supply chamber 14 has a connection 20 for compressed air.
  • a water drain 23 goes down from the air supply chamber 14.
  • Figure 2 are in plan view the basin 11 with the inserted support base 22 and the water inlet 18, 24 and the water drains 19, 25 for quenching liquid and the terminal 20 for compressed air recognizable. Furthermore, the encircling box section 21 is visible.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

A method of controlled quenching of light metal castings in a liquid bath has castings in the liquid bath subjected, from below, at least temporarily, by a rising flow of gas bubbles. The gas bubbles are generated in situ in a uniformly distributed way at the base of the liquid bath.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum gesteuerten Abschrecken von Leichtmetallgußstücken in einem Flüssigkeitsbad. Das Abschrecken von Gußstücken in einem Flüssigkeitsbad ist ein bekanntes Element der Wärmebehandlung sowohl von Eisenmetallen als auch von Nichteisenmetallen.
Hierfür ist sowohl das Eintauchen von Gußstücken in ein Wasserbad oder ein Ölbad als auch als Alternative hierzu das Abbrausen unter Wasser bekannt. Daneben ist auch das Abkühlen von Gußstücken im Luftstrom gebräuchlich. Entsprechend dem unterschiedlichen Wärmeübergang bei flüssigem oder -gasförmigem Kühlmedium, freier Konvektion oder erzwungener Strömung, und abhängig von der Wärmekapazität des Kühlmediums und der Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Metalls können verschiedene Abkühlgeschwindigkeiten erzielt werden, um damit bestimmte Gefügeformen im Gußstück in unterschiedlichen Schichtdicken auszubilden.The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the controlled quenching of light metal castings in a liquid bath. The quenching of castings in a liquid bath is a well-known element of the heat treatment of both ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
For this purpose, both the immersion of castings in a water bath or an oil bath and as an alternative to the brewing under water is known. In addition, the cooling of castings in the air stream is common. According to the different heat transfer in liquid or -gasförmigem cooling medium, free convection or forced flow, and depending on the heat capacity of the cooling medium and the thermal conductivity of the metal different cooling rates can be achieved in order to form certain microstructures in the casting in different layer thicknesses.

Aus der JP 62-202019 A ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, die einen Flüssigkeitsbehälter umfaßt, in den Gasleitungen über den Rand hineingeführt sind, die zur Versorgung von schleifenförmigen horizontalliegenden Gasausblasleitungen dienen. Zu härtende Teile werden mittels einer Tragvorrichtung in den Flüssigkeitsbehälter abgesenkt, wenn bereits Gas aus den Gasausblasleitungen austritt.From JP 62-202019 A a device is known, which comprises a liquid container, are guided into the gas lines over the edge, which serve to supply loop-shaped horizontally extending Gasausblasleitungen. Parts to be hardened are lowered into the liquid container by means of a carrying device when gas is already emerging from the gas discharge lines.

Aus der SU 1 574 648 A1 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, die einen Flüssigkeitsbehälter umfaßt, in dessen Seitenwand eine Druckgasleitung mündet, an die sich im Behälterinneren ein Injektor zur Bildung eines gasblasenangereicherten Kühlstroms anschließt. Zu härtende Teile werden mittels einer Greifervorrichtung in die Flüssigkeit abgesenkt.From SU 1 574 648 A1 a device is known which comprises a liquid container, in whose side wall a compressed gas line opens, followed by an injector in the interior of the container for forming a gas-bubble-enriched cooling stream. To be hardened parts are lowered by means of a gripper device in the liquid.

Neben dem voranstehend erläuterten Stand der Technik ist in der EP 0 345 205 A ein Verfahren zum Härten eines zylindrischen Hohlkörpers aus Stahl beschrieben worden, bei dem die Härtung durch ein Abkühlen des Hohlkörpers in einem Kühlmittel, insbesondere einem Wasserbad, erreicht wird. Zu diesem Zweck wird der Hohlkörper entlang seiner Längsachse mit einem Teil seiner Oberfläche in das Kühlmittelbad eingetaucht und um seine Längsachse gedreht. Um eine intensivere und gleichmäßigere Kühlung zu erreichen, wird in D1 vorgeschlagen, eine Durchwirbelung des Kühlmittelbads durch ein Einleiten von Druckluft vorzunehmen. Das Einleiten von Druckluft kann beispielsweise mittels eines am Boden des Flüssigkeitsbads angeordneten Düsenrohrs erfolgen.In addition to the prior art described above, EP 0 345 205 A has described a method for hardening a cylindrical hollow body made of steel, in which the hardening is achieved by cooling the hollow body in a coolant, in particular a water bath. For this purpose, the hollow body is immersed along its longitudinal axis with a part of its surface in the coolant bath and rotated about its longitudinal axis. In order to achieve a more intensive and uniform cooling, it is proposed in D1 to carry out a turbulence of the coolant bath by introducing compressed air. The introduction of compressed air can be done for example by means of a arranged at the bottom of the liquid bath nozzle tube.

Aus der JP 57 009826 A sind schließlich ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von Metallen bekannt, bei denen Metallteile in einen mit Wasser gefüllten Kühltank eingebracht werden. Auch in diesem Kühltank wird das Wasser durch aufsteigende Luftblasen durchwirbelt. Zu diesem Zweck wird über eine Leitung Druckluft in eine Luftzufuhrkammer geleitet. Die Luftzufuhrkammer ist durch eine poröse Abdeckung von dem Kühltank getrennt, so dass die Druckluft durch die Poren der Abdeckung in das Wasser des Kühltanks gelangen.From JP 57 009826 A finally a method and an apparatus for heat treatment of metals are known in which metal parts are introduced into a water-filled cooling tank. Also in this cooling tank, the water is whirled by rising air bubbles. For this purpose, compressed air is passed via a line into an air supply chamber. The air supply chamber is separated from the cooling tank by a porous cover so that the compressed air passes through the pores of the cover into the water of the cooling tank.

Sowohl bei dem aus der EP 0 345 205 A als auch bei dem aus der JP 57 009826 A bekannten Stand der Technik besteht das Problem, dass sich das jeweils verwendete Kühlmedium mit zunehmender Dauer des Kühlprozesses aufheizt. Infolge dessen ist die Kühlwirkung insgesamt ungleichmäßig. Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Verfahren und die Vorrichtung dahingehend zu verbessern, daß der Abschreckvorgang besser eingestellt werden kann.Both in the prior art known from EP 0 345 205 A and in the case of JP 57 009826 A, there is the problem that the cooling medium used in each case heats up as the duration of the cooling process increases. As a result, the cooling effect is uneven overall. The present invention is based on the object, the method and the To improve device so that the quenching process can be better adjusted.

Die Lösung hierfür besteht in einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The solution to this consists in a method having the features of claim 1.

Hierbei werden die Gasblasen am Grund des Flüssigkeitsbades vorzugsweise gleichverteilt in situ erzeugt. Die Gußstücke können günstigerweise mit Abstand oberhalb einer Entstehungszone der Gasblasen angeordnet werden. Das Flüssigkeitsbad kann hierbei ein Wasserbad sein und der Gasblasenstrom aus Luftblasen bestehen. Während das Eintauchen der Gußstücke in das Flüssigkeitsbad nach einem vorherigen Aufheizen der Gußstücken auf eine bestimmte Ausgangstemperatur zu bekannten Abkühlkurven führt, kann durch die erfindungsgemäße Zugabe eines Gasblasenstromes die Abkühlgeschwindigkeit deutlich reduziert oder verstärkt werden.
Durch Einstellen und Regulieren des Gasblasenstroms kann insbesondere sichergestellt werden, daß bestimmte Umwandlungstemperaturen für das Gefüge nicht frühzeitig unterschritten werden. Der Gasblasenstrom muß nicht während des gesamten Abschreckvorgangs ausgebracht werden; vielmehr kann er bereits vor dem endgültigen Entnehmen der Gußstücke aus dem Flüssigkeitsbad wieder abgestellt werden.In this case, the gas bubbles are generated at the bottom of the liquid bath preferably uniformly distributed in situ. The castings can be conveniently arranged at a distance above a formation zone of the gas bubbles. The liquid bath may in this case be a water bath and the gas bubble stream consist of air bubbles. While the immersion of the castings in the liquid bath leads to known Abkühlkurven after a previous heating of the castings to a certain initial temperature, the cooling rate can be significantly reduced or increased by the addition of a gas bubble stream according to the invention.
By adjusting and regulating the gas bubble flow, it can be ensured in particular that certain transformation temperatures for the microstructure are not undershot at an early stage. The gas bubble stream need not be applied during the entire quenching process; Rather, it can be turned off before the final removal of the castings from the liquid bath again.

Der erfindungsgemäße Gasblasengenerator kann zumindest eine Luftzufuhrkammer am Grund des Beckens umfassen, die von einer Abdeckung mit einer Vielzahl von Gasaustrittsöffnungen abgeschlossen ist. Hierbei kann die Abdeckung aus einer porösen Platte bestehen, die bei einem Überdruck in der Luftzufuhrkammer einen Gasblasenstrom gleichverteilt nach oben austreten läßt.
Die poröse Platte kann z.B. aus offenem Metallschaum, poröser Keramik oder Sintermetall bestehen. Eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, ein Drahtgewebeelement als Abdeckung der Luftzufuhrkammer zu verwenden. Grundsätzlich ist es günstig, wenn ein Abfließen von Flüssigkeit in die Luftzufuhrkammer vermieden werden kann. Da dies nicht vollständig möglich sein wird, ist ein Ablaß für Flüssigkeit in der Luftzufuhrkammer vorzusehen. Die Luftzufuhrkammer sollte Druckregelmittel umfassen, um den Gasblasenstrom zu regeln bzw. einzustellen.
Die einheitliche Luftzufuhrkammer kann auch durch Einzelkanäle oder Leitungen mit einzelnen Düsenköpfen am Grund des Beckens mit jeweils einer Vielzahl von Gasaustrittsöffnungen ersetzt werden.The gas bubble generator according to the invention may comprise at least one air supply chamber at the bottom of the basin, which is closed by a cover with a plurality of gas outlet openings. In this case, the cover may consist of a porous plate, which leaves a gas bubble flow uniformly distributed at an overpressure in the air supply chamber upwards.
The porous plate may for example consist of open metal foam, porous ceramic or sintered metal. Another possibility is to use a wire mesh element as a cover of the air supply chamber. In principle, it is favorable if a drainage of liquid into the air supply chamber can be avoided. Because this is not completely possible is to provide a drain for liquid in the air supply chamber. The air supply chamber should include pressure control means to regulate the gas bubble flow.
The uniform air supply chamber can also be replaced by individual channels or lines with individual nozzle heads at the bottom of the basin, each with a plurality of gas outlet openings.

Oberhalb der Abdeckung der Luftzufuhrkammer kann im Becken ein Tragboden zum Ablegen der Gußstücke vorgesehen sein, der relativ große Durchtrittsöffnungen zum Durchlaß des Gasblasenstroms aufweisen muß.Above the cover of the air supply chamber may be provided in the basin a supporting floor for depositing the castings, which must have relatively large passage openings for the passage of the gas bubble stream.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben. Hierin zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein flüssigkeitsgefülltes Becken im senkrechten Schnitt;
Fig. 2
ein Becken nach Figur 1 in Draufsicht;
An embodiment of the device according to the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Herein show:
Fig. 1
a liquid-filled basin in vertical section;
Fig. 2
a basin of Figure 1 in plan view;

In Figur 1 ist ein Becken 11 von Quaderform gezeigt, das eine obere Öffnung 12 und einen Boden 15 hat, über dem mit einigem Abstand eine Abdeckung 13 eingezogen ist, die eine Luftzufuhrkammer 14 abschließt. Die Abdeckung wird von einer porösen Platte gebildet, die eine Vielzahl von Gasaustrittsöffnungen bildet. Die Abdeckung 13 liegt auf umlaufend auf dem Boden 15 aufgesetzten Kastenprofilen 21 auf.
Über der Abdeckung 13 ist mit einigem Abstand ein Tragboden 22 zum Ablegen der Gußstücke eingezogen. Oberhalb der Abdeckung 13 ist das Becken 11 mit Abschreckflüssigkeit 16 gefüllt, in der Gasblasen 17 aufsteigen, die aus der Luftzufuhrkammer 14 durch die poröse Abdeckung 13 aufsteigen. Das Becken 11 hat einen absperrbaren Wasserzulauf 18 unterhalb des Tragbodens 22 und einen absperrbaren Wasserablauf 19 nahe der oberen Öffnung 12 des Beckens 11. Um einen ständigen Wasserdurchsatz während der Abschreckprozesse zu ermöglichen, sind ein weiterer Wasserzulauf 24 und ein weiterer Wasserablauf 25 oberhalb des Tragbodens 22 vorgesehen. Die Luftzufuhrkammer 14 verfügt über einen Anschluß 20 für Druckluft. Ein Wasserablaß 23 geht unten von der Luftzufuhrkammer 14 ab.In Figure 1, a basin 11 is shown by cuboidal shape, which has an upper opening 12 and a bottom 15, over which at some distance a cover 13 is retracted, which closes an air supply chamber 14. The cover is formed by a porous plate forming a plurality of gas outlet openings. The cover 13 rests on circumferentially placed on the bottom 15 box sections 21.
About the cover 13 is at some distance a supporting bottom 22 retracted for depositing the castings. Above the cover 13, the basin 11 is filled with quench liquid 16, ascend in the gas bubbles 17, which rise from the air supply chamber 14 through the porous cover 13. The basin 11 has a closable water inlet 18 below the support floor 22 and a shut-off water drain 19 near the upper opening 12 of the basin 11. In order to allow a constant flow of water during quenching processes, are another water supply 24 and another water drain 25 above the support floor 22 is provided. The air supply chamber 14 has a connection 20 for compressed air. A water drain 23 goes down from the air supply chamber 14.

In Figur 2 sind in Draufsicht das Becken 11 mit dem darin eingelegten Tragboden 22 sowie die Wasserzulaufe 18, 24 und die Wasserabläufe 19, 25 für Abschreckflüssigkeit und der Anschluß 20 für Druckluft erkennbar. Weiterhin ist das umlaufende Kastenprofil 21 sichtbar.In Figure 2 are in plan view the basin 11 with the inserted support base 22 and the water inlet 18, 24 and the water drains 19, 25 for quenching liquid and the terminal 20 for compressed air recognizable. Furthermore, the encircling box section 21 is visible.

Claims (5)

  1. A method for the controlled quenching of light metal cast parts in a liquid bath, in which the cast parts are exposed at least at intervals to a stream of gas bubbles flowing upwards from below, wherein the gas bubbles in the stream of gas bubbles are created in situ on the bottom of the liquid bath,
    characterised in that
    the liquid bath is constantly permeated by a coolant stream during quenching due to the fact that the liquid bath is pumped round a circuit and recooled, or that fresh liquid is constantly added to the liquid bath at the bottom thereof and overflow quantities of the liquid are transported away.
  2. The method as cited in claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the gas bubbles are created in even distribution on the bottom of the liquid bath
  3. The method as cited in claim 1 or 2,
    characterised in that
    the cast parts are arranged above a zone in which the gas bubbles are created and at a distance therefrom.
  4. The method as cited in any of claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that
    the stream of gas bubbles begins before the cast parts are fully immersed in the liquid bath.
  5. The method as cited in any of claims 1 to 3,
    characterised in that
    the stream of gas bubbles ends before the cast parts are removed from the liquid bath.
EP01108439A 2000-04-19 2001-04-04 Process and device for controlled quenching of light metal castings in a liquid bath Expired - Lifetime EP1148146B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10019306 2000-04-19
DE10019306A DE10019306C1 (en) 2000-04-19 2000-04-19 Process for the controlled quenching of light metal cast pieces in a liquid bath comprises subjecting the cast pieces in the bath to gas bubbles which are uniformly distributed at the base of the bath

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1148146A2 EP1148146A2 (en) 2001-10-24
EP1148146A3 EP1148146A3 (en) 2003-10-29
EP1148146B1 true EP1148146B1 (en) 2006-01-04
EP1148146B8 EP1148146B8 (en) 2006-04-05

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EP01108439A Expired - Lifetime EP1148146B8 (en) 2000-04-19 2001-04-04 Process and device for controlled quenching of light metal castings in a liquid bath

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US (1) US20010054460A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1148146B8 (en)
JP (1) JP2001348617A (en)
KR (1) KR100443226B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1323914A (en)
AT (1) ATE315110T1 (en)
AU (1) AU747095B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0101500A (en)
CA (1) CA2344287A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ296750B6 (en)
DE (2) DE10019306C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2256105T3 (en)
HU (1) HUP0101574A3 (en)
MX (1) MXPA01003906A (en)
NO (1) NO20011905L (en)
PL (1) PL347049A1 (en)
SK (1) SK285480B6 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200102604B (en)

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CN103341620B (en) * 2013-07-05 2015-09-30 亚新铸造（苏州）有限公司 A kind of humidity control system for condensed water in cooling bay in casting
CN109689900A (en) * 2016-12-28 2019-04-26 株式会社Ihi Annealing device
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ES2256105T3 (en) 2006-07-16
HUP0101574A3 (en) 2004-03-01
DE10019306C1 (en) 2001-09-13
US20010054460A1 (en) 2001-12-27
AU747095B2 (en) 2002-05-09
SK4822001A3 (en) 2002-07-02
JP2001348617A (en) 2001-12-18
CZ20011251A3 (en) 2002-05-15
EP1148146B8 (en) 2006-04-05
NO20011905D0 (en) 2001-04-18
KR20010098726A (en) 2001-11-08
ZA200102604B (en) 2001-10-02
BR0101500A (en) 2001-11-20
CZ296750B6 (en) 2006-06-14
ATE315110T1 (en) 2006-02-15
KR100443226B1 (en) 2004-08-04
HUP0101574A2 (en) 2001-12-28
SK285480B6 (en) 2007-02-01
HU0101574D0 (en) 2001-06-28
MXPA01003906A (en) 2004-05-31
PL347049A1 (en) 2001-10-22
CN1323914A (en) 2001-11-28
CA2344287A1 (en) 2001-10-19
NO20011905L (en) 2001-10-22
DE50108596D1 (en) 2006-03-30
EP1148146A2 (en) 2001-10-24
EP1148146A3 (en) 2003-10-29

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