EP2844409A1

EP2844409A1 - Method for casting a cast part provided with at least one passage opening

Info

Publication number: EP2844409A1
Application number: EP13719081.5A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Klaus Arnold
Original assignee: Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2012-05-03
Filing date: 2013-04-23
Publication date: 2015-03-11
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-23
Also published as: US9272328B2; DE102012103884A1; EP2844409B1; KR101615709B1; KR20140139133A; JP2015515926A; JP5857360B2; ES2557031T3; US20150122447A1; ZA201406842B; CN104302423B; BR112014026332A2; RU2584842C1; CA2872082A1; MX362898B; CN104302423A; WO2013164225A1; MX2014012714A; DK2844409T3; HUE027061T2

Abstract

According to the invention, in order to produce cast parts having passage openings and having optimized mechanical properties with low equipment expense, the following work steps are performed a) providing a casting mold (2), in which at least one casting core (8-19) for forming the passage opening (01, 02) is present, wherein the casting core (8-19) is made of a molding material comprising a binder, which molding material decomposes under the influence of force or temperature, b) pouring the metal melt (S) into the casting mold (2) to the cast part (Z1, Z2), c) cooling the cast part (Z1, Z2) in the casting mold (2) to a temperature that is below the liquidus temperature of the metal melt (S) but above a minimum temperature down to which a higher-strength microstructure is formed when accelerated cooling is performed, d) producing a passage channel (G1, G2), that leads through the passage opening (01, 02) of the cast part (Z1, Z2), which passage channel opens at an outside of the casting mold (2), in that the binder of the molding material, from which the casting core (8-19) forming the passage opening (01, 02) burns due to the heat input into the casting mold during the pouring of the metal melt into the casting mold, or in that the casting core (8-19) forming the particular passage opening (01, 02) and the areas of the casting mold (2) arranged in the extension (V1, V2) of the casting core are at least partially mechanically destroyed, e) cooling the cast part (Z1, Z2) in the casting mold (2) while a cooling medium (M1, M2) flows through the passage channel (G1, G2).

Description

METHOD FOR GASING A CAST PART WITH AT LEAST ONE CONTINUOUS OPENING

The invention relates to a method for casting a casting, which is provided with at least one passage opening, from a molten metal. The castings discussed here are typically

Cylinder crankcases for high performance combustion engines cast from cast iron.

Modern combustion engines are constantly evolving to reduce fuel consumption. Central to this is the reduction of the

Component volume and weight. This trend of development is evidenced in the professional world by the term "downsizing". The goal of "downsizing" is, for example, with

To achieve smaller engine sizes achievements that previously required larger volumes.

For a successful downsizing of combustion engines, it is necessary, among other things, to permanently increase the technological properties of their individual parts. Thus, with modern engine designs, the achievable performance with the same size could be more than tripled. At this power density sufficient

Resilience of existing cast iron

Cylinder crankcases today are sometimes replaced by conventional gray cast iron with vermicular graphite cast iron or higher alloyed cast iron materials are used to the

required strength to achieve.

The castings of the type described above are usually poured into molds, which are composed of several moldings and casting cores. While the moldings typically dictate the outer shape of the casting, the casting cores become the casting mold

used to recesses, cavities,

Through holes and the like on the casting to be produced.

Depending on their position in or on the casting and the demoulding after the solidification of the casting, the moldings and cores are as permanent moldings and

Permanent casting cores or designed as lost moldings and casting cores. While permanent moldings and cores are made of materials that withstand the loads occurring during casting, and therefore can be used repeatedly for a variety of casting operations, lost moldings and cores usually consist of molded materials by force or

Temperature effect can be easily destroyed. Is a mold completely or at least substantially from lost moldings and

Gießkern, one usually speaks of one

lost form, whereas casting molds used for consist predominantly of permanent moldings, even then referred to as permanent casting molds when lost foundry cores are used in them. In the field of iron casting typically lost molds are used, while in the field of light metal casting often permanent casting or combinations of

Permanent moldings and lost moldings are used.

Typically, the molding materials that make up the lost moldings and cores are sands mixed with a suitable binder which, upon production of the respective moldings or cores, are solidified by a chemical reaction to the point of solidification into the mold cast melt have a sufficient shape retention. The constituents of the molding material can be coordinated with each other so that the respective casting core or the respective molded part breaks automatically during the cooling of the casting as a result of the stresses occurring in the process. Alternatively or additionally, the disintegration of the lost moldings and casting cores can be effected by the application of mechanically acting forces. For example, cores can be destroyed by shaking the respective casting to such a small parts that their molding material trickles out of the casting automatically, or the destruction of the cores is accelerated by drilling, expressions or rinsing. The prerequisite for this, however, is in each case that the casting is substantially completely cooled, so that in the mechanical or thermal destruction of the lost foundry cores and moldings occurring

Loads do not damage the casting.

The process of cooling the casting has

decisive influence on its mechanical

Properties. Problems can occur during the cooling of a casting due to the fact that the casting due to uneven material distribution or

non-uniform heat dissipation areawise

Cools at different speeds. As a result of such non-uniform cooling can lead to residual stresses of the casting, which leads to a drastic

Deterioration of its mechanical strength.

In order to minimize the formation of such stresses, the casting of castings varies greatly

Wall thicknesses the cooling of the casting temperature up to a temperature usually below 600 ° C targeted slowly performed. For this purpose, the casting plants used in practice are equipped with cooling sections of a certain length, these cooling sections may additionally include so-called "cooling stations", where the molds with the cooling in them

Castings can linger over a certain period of time to further delay the cooling. If no means are available to guarantee a sufficiently slow cooling, or if even after such a slow cooling there are still too high residual stresses on the casting, the castings must undergo an additional cooling

Annealing are subjected to reduce the voltages in question. As an alternative possibility of minimizing the tensile stresses in the inner region of a cylinder crankcase, it has been proposed in DE 10 2008 048 761 A1 to cool the molten casting after casting into the casting mold in such a way that the solidification of the melt takes place first inside the casting or the solidification of an area of the cast body

directed to a feeder. This is to be achieved by the fact that the solidification of the

respective casting by means of different

Cooling capacity of at least two independent, provided on the respective mold cooling circuits

being affected. However, this can only be accomplished if the respective casting mold, at least in the areas in which the cooling power is targeted

should be applied, designed as a permanent mold. Thus, for the impression of the cylinder openings of the respective cylinder crankcase specially shaped

Quills provided, which after solidifying

be pulled out of the casting nondestructively. It proves to be advantageous for the removal of the sleeves after solidification, when the cooling of the edge of the cylinder openings is started at a different time than with the cooling of the cylinder surface and the cooling of the cylinder rim with another

Intensity is performed as the cooling of the

Cylindrical surface. In this way, the solidification of the cast cylinder crankcase in the field of

Cylinder openings can be made so that the cylinder crankcase can be formed at a time to which it is solidified, but still has a high temperature. Another possibility of a targeted accelerated cooling of casting areas, which are arranged in the interior of the respective component is in the

DE 11 2006 000 627 T5. The from this

Publication known sand mold for the

Production of a casting made of an aluminum alloy comprises a section formed by means of a

Solvent, especially water, soluble binder is prepared, and another section, which is prepared by means of a binder which can not be solved with the solvent in question.

This division of the sections of the sand mold allows each based on the soluble binder

manufactured core by applying the

Solvent, so for example by application of a jet of water to eliminate so that the action of the solvent exposed inner portions of the casting cool faster than the rest of the

Casting. However, this solution only refers to cavities that are present in the casting, and requires a complex design of the sand mold made of different molding materials.

Another for a specific application intended and suitable for light metal casting

Proposal for accelerated cooling of the one

Through openings surrounding areas of a casting has been made in DE 10 2010 003 346 AI. In the method described there for casting a piston for an internal combustion engine are after the

Boundary layer solidification in the area of

Piston pin holes for molding these holes provided quills withdrawn and cooled the area of the respective bore by a coolant which is supplied through at least one of the sleeves.

Against the background of the above-described prior art, the object of the invention to provide a method which allows it with little equipment expense Durchgangsöff having

To produce castings with optimized mechanical properties.

According to the invention, this object has been achieved by the method specified in claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims and will become hereafter as the general inventive concept in detail

explained.

The method according to the invention for casting a casting of molten metal provided with at least one passage opening accordingly comprises the following

Steps: a) providing a mold in which there is at least one casting core for imaging the passage opening, wherein the casting core consists of a mold material comprising a binder which decomposes under the influence of force or temperature, b) pouring the molten metal into the casting mold

Casting, c) cooling the casting in the casting mold to a

Temperature below the liquidus temperature of the molten metal, but above a

Minimum temperature is up to that of accelerated cooling to form

a higher strength structure, d) producing a through the through hole of the

Casting leading passageways, each opening at an outer side of the mold, by the binder of the molding material from which burns the Durchgangsöff imaging casting core by the heat introduced during the pouring of the molten metal into the mold in them, or by for the production of the

Passage channels of the respective through hole forming casting core and arranged in its extension regions of the mold are at least partially destroyed mechanically, e) cooling the casting in the mold below

Flow through the through-channel with a

Cooling medium.

The invention is based on the idea, already during the following on the casting of the molten metal

Cooling of the casting by an intervention in the mold to produce a state through which the

Casting in an interior area which is critical to its future resilience, cools at a rate significantly faster than the rate at which the casting would cool in that area when the casting mold is in conventional condition Continue to cool to room temperature in the state in which the casting has been made.

For this purpose, according to the invention, at a time when the casting has not yet completely cooled, but has already become dimensionally stable, in the mold, a casting through the mold, through which at least one

Through opening of the casting introduced leading passage.

Through this passage then flows a cooling medium. The flow through the cooling medium causes the material of the casting surrounding the passage opening to cool much faster than would be the case if the casting mold were in a conventional manner

remain closed until the casting has reached the prescribed end temperature of the cooling. Depending on the cooling medium used, on the throughput

Cooling medium, by the way, like the

Cooling rates can be achieved, which are higher than the cooling rates, which are achieved on the outside of the mold in accordance with the invention introduced into the mold and guided guided.

The inventive method can thus

Temperature gradient between indoor and outdoor areas are drastically reduced while the

Cooling rate of the casting are generally increased. In this way, on the one hand thermally induced

Tensions in the casting are reduced to a minimum.

On the other hand, in the castings produced according to the invention, strengths are achieved clearly above the strengths that are in

conventionally cast and cooled in the mold without additional measures castings.

The process according to the invention proves to be particularly effective in the production of castings from a cast iron melt. In this case, the

Minimum temperature to which the casting up to

Production of the invention in the mold

is maximally cooled (step c)), adjusted so that it is above the Ai temperature at which it comes to the transformation of the austenite. As a result of the accelerated cooling in the interior of the casting, which is made possible according to the invention, a higher proportion of hardened structures can be produced in this way, which contributes to a significant increase in strength. In cast iron alloys used in particular in the casting of cylinder crankcases, the minimum temperature which does not fall below during cooling in step c),

typically in the range of 1153-600 ° C.

The cooling medium may be, for example, air or another gaseous medium.

For example, in cases where a certain increased minimum cooling rate is required, it is conceivable that

Water vapor or an air-water vapor mixture as

Cooling medium to use.

The flow through the through-channel with a in the vicinity of the inventive treated mold

upcoming gaseous cooling medium is already in succession of the chimney effect caused by the release of

Heat energy of the casting on the entering into the passage each gaseous cooling medium in consequence of convection occurs. This effect can be promoted by the casting with the casting mold

aligned or introduced into the mold

Through channel is executed so that the

Main direction of the passageway is vertically aligned. In this case, the in the through-channel

existing or in each case inflowing and heated air unhindered ascend in the passageway.

If higher flow rates are required, the cooling medium can also be passed through the through-channel in a forced flow. For this purpose, the flow of the cooling medium by means of a conveying device, which may be, for example, a fan or a pump, be forced. For this purpose, the conveying device in question can be positioned, for example, in front of one of the outlets of the through-channel arranged on one of the outer side surfaces

if necessary after the introduction of the

Passage channels are inserted into it.

Of course, the inventive

Apply also to castings that have multiple through holes. In this case, if necessary, in the area of each of

Through openings generates a passage, which is then flowed through by the cooling medium to cause the accelerated cooling according to the invention in the respective passage opening. Particularly great successes can be achieved with the procedure according to the invention if the casting treated according to the invention is a

Cylinder crankcase for an internal combustion engine is and the passage opening at least one in the

Cylinder crankcase provided cylinder opening is. In this case, for example, before the complete cooling of the casting, the respective

Cylinder casings depicting casting cores completely as well as the casting core depicting the crankcase and the parts of the casting mold extending in the extension of the cylinder opening

are arranged, at least so far removed that air or other gaseous Äbkühlmedium by the

Cylinder opening can flow while the other parts of the casting are still surrounded by the mold.

By allowing accelerated cooling inside the casting by the invention, generally higher strengths are achieved than is possible with conventional casting methods in which the castings cool in the closed mold solely due to the heat dissipation occurring over the outside of the casting mold. It is conceivable through a local

Accelerated cooling in the immediately adjacent to the respective cylinder opening area targeted to achieve a higher strength than in the more distant, surrounding area of the cylinder crankcase, which cools there slower than in accordance with the invention of the cooling medium directly swept area and thus maintains its high toughness.

The procedure according to the invention is particularly simple and at the same time inexpensive and flexible realize in practice that the mold completely or at least in the field of

Passage opening is formed as a core package, whose moldings and casting cores, in the field of

Through hole and the extension of the

Durchgangsöffnung imaging casting core are arranged, consist of a molding material under force or

Temperature effect decays.

As under the practical production conditions

It has proved to be particularly favorable if, in carrying out the method according to the invention, one completely dispenses with a molding box-bonded casting technique and the casting mold as a whole is embodied as a core package.

Since the casting mold according to the invention consists, at least in the region of the passage opening of the casting to be provided with the through-channel, of lost casting cores or moldings, the casting cores and moldings concerned are made of conventional molded materials which, as explained at the outset, usually consist of a sand of an organic or inorganic binder It will be appreciated that certain additives may be added to the molding material to enhance its properties

optimize. The binder of the molding material can be designed in a conventional manner so that the shape retention of the moldings and cores

ensuring Binder burns by the registered during the pouring of the molten metal into the mold heat in them. In this case, the affected casting cores and moldings automatically decay into small ones Pieces, which then also trickle automatically under exposure of the passageway from the mold or the casting.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be used in particular in

In terms of increasing effectiveness and

Targetedness of the method according to the invention also be advantageous for the formation of the

Passage channels of the mold required destruction of the passage in question associated

Targeted moldings and foundry cores targeted by mechanical processing. For this purpose, the

expressed casting through cores or moldings associated with respective passage opening of the casting, for example by means of a punch or the passageway can be introduced by means of a drill into the mold.

In order to allow the most intensive, rapid cooling of the material region surrounding the respective passage opening of the casting, at least one of the

Through hole imaging core and the arranged in its extension areas of the mold are regularly removed in practice regularly.

If, however, accelerated cooling is to be effected in the region of the respective passage opening of the casting, the cooling medium but the respective one

Not directly pass over passage opening bounding surfaces of the casting, so the passageway can be guided in particular by means of mechanical processing through the respective passage opening of the casting, the casting core forming the passage opening of the casting is only partially removed. Between the

Passage channel and the inner surface of the through hole then still sand of the casting remains, which still has a certain insulating effect.

Accordingly, the cooling of the at the

Through hole adjacent region depending on the thickness of the remaining Gießkernmaterials not so

fast, as in a complete removal of the through-hole forming casting core and a direct sweeping of the inner surfaces of the

Through hole with the cooling medium would be the case.

The economy of the method according to the invention can be further increased by the mold having at least two mold cavities for the simultaneous casting of at least two castings and the molten metal is passed through a common sprue in the mold cavities of the mold.

Hereinafter, the invention with reference to a

Embodiment illustrative drawing explained in more detail. It shows simplified, schematic and not to scale:

1 shows a device for casting two castings in longitudinal section.

Fig. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 during the

Abgußens a cast iron melt in one of the Figure 1 corresponding sectional view; the apparatus of Figure 1 after the solidification of the cast iron melt in one of Figure 1 corresponding sectional view ..;

Fig. 4 shows the device of FIG. 1 during the

Introducing passageways in a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1;

Fig. 5 shows the device of FIG. 1 during the

Flow through the through-channels with a cooling medium in a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1.

The device 1 for simultaneous casting of two

Cast parts Z1, Z2 comprises a casting mold 2, which is supported on a frame 3. The castings Z1, Z2 are conventionally designed

Cylinder crankcase, which are each intended for the construction of each a row four-cylinder internal combustion engine.

The casting mold 2 is composed of core moldings of outer moldings 4, 5, 6, 7 and casting cores 8 - 19 arranged in the interior of the casting mold 2. While the outer moldings 4 - 7, the outer shape of the pouring

Castings Z1, Z2 determine, the casting cores 8.9 form the inner shape of the crankcase Kl, K2 with the

Crankshaft bearings L1, L2 and the cores 10 - 17 formed as a through hole 01,02

Cylinder openings of the castings Z1, Z2 from. The respectively laterally arranged casting mold parts 5, 7 in each case form one end face of the respective casting Z1, Z2, while those opposite each other

associated outer molding 5.7 arranged respective cores 18 here in the interior of the mold. 2

image arranged end face of the respective casting Z1, Z2. The other casting cores 19 are used for example for the production of water or oil channels in the

Castings Zl, Z2. The mold 2 is so

aligned that the main direction H of the

Through holes 01,02 are aligned in the vertical direction V.

The mold cavities 20, 21 of the casting mold 2 bounded by the mold parts 4 - 7 and casting cores 8 - 19 when the mold 2 is not filled are not further shown here

Gates connected to a common, centrally located in the mold 2 and vertically aligned gate 22. The central gate 22 is in turn connected to a likewise centrally formed at the top of the mold 2 sprue 23, via which the filling of the mold 2 with cast iron melt S takes place. The gate 22 and the other not shown here sections of the mold 2 are placed so that the filling of the mold cavities 20,21 against the

Direction of action R of gravity takes place.

The casting mold 2 sits on a grid 24 supported by supports 24 of the frame 3.

The outer moldings 4, 5, 6, 7 and casting cores 8 - 19 are made of a commercially available, inorganic binder and molding a sand mixed molding material which is solidified by heat and moisture removal to the extent that it is sufficient for the maintenance of the mold 2 and the forces occurring during the casting process

Has shape retention. However, due to the temperature increase associated with the pouring of cast iron melt S, disintegration in particular of those moldings 4, 5, 6, 7 and casting cores 8 - 19 already starts

directly the casting heat of cast iron melt S

are exposed.

After filling the mold 2 with the

Cast iron melt S (FIG. 2) cools the cast parts Z 1, Z 2 to a temperature in the range of 850-650 ° C.

Minimum temperature from, on the one hand the

Cast iron material solidifies, but on the other hand, the

Temperature of the castings Z1, Z2 is still so high that by an accelerated cooling hardened structure can be generated. Optimally, the temperature is so high that the structure of the castings Zl, Z2 still

is completely austenitic.

If this state is reached (FIG. 3), then

Passage channels G1, G2 introduced into the mold 2 (Fig. 4), of which one of the through holes 01,02 of the casting Z1, Z2 is assigned. For this purpose, the through-openings 01, 02 of the castings Z1, Z2 are also separated by means of ejectors 26, 27, of which one of the through-openings 01, 02 of the castings Z1, Z2 is also already partially disintegrated to smaller fragments at this time Imaging casting cores 10 - 17 as well as in their imaginary Extension V1, V2 overlying portions of the cover of the mold 2 forming the outer mold part 4 and in their imaginary extension V1, V2 underlying, the crankcase K1, K2 with the

Crankshaft bearings L1, L2 imaging cores 8.9 and also in the extension V1, V2 below the cores 8.9 lying portions of the bottom of the mold 2 forming lower mold part 6 encountered from the mold 2. The so formed, by the

Through openings 01,02 leading through channels G1, G2 respectively open with their upper end respectively at the upper, formed by the upper outer surface of the lid molding 4 outside and with its lower end to the lower, formed by the lower outer surface of the bottom molding 6 Outside of the

Casting mold 2.

The ejected molding sections and foundry cores break up into free-flowing,

kleinteiligen material M, which falls through the rack rust and collects at the bottom below the mold 2. The trickling of the molding material M from the mold 2 may, if necessary, in a conventional manner by shaking, knocking or other mechanical

Treatments are supported. The falling of the mold 2 down material M can be removed by a conveyor, not shown here.

After the through channels G1, G2 are exposed and thus a flow through the castings Z1-Z2 in the vertical direction V is possible, below the mold 2, a nozzle device 28 is placed, via which a means a fan not shown here accelerated cooling medium flow Ml, M2 from below into vertical

Direction R is blown into the mold 2 (Fig. 5). In the exemplary embodiment explained here, the cooling medium is air.

The respective cooling medium flow M1, M2 flows through the passageways G1-G2 leading through the passage openings 01,02 of the castings Z1, Z2 and effects a

accelerated cooling of the overflowed by him

Wall sections of the castings Zl, Z2. That's how it is

in particular in the region of the passage openings 01,02, the crankshaft bearing L1, L2 and the crankshaft bearing Ll, L2 respectively supporting tie rods A1, A2 through

fine-grained pearlite with at the same time fine grain structure, which has a higher strength, than the strength, which is achieved in castings, in a conventional manner in a

closed, alone by natural heat loss over its exterior moldings cool. Accordingly, the temperature difference between the arranged in the interior of the castings Z1, Z2, to the through holes 01.02, to the crankshaft bearings L1, L2 and to the crankshaft bearing L1, L2 respectively supporting tie rods Al, A2 adjacent areas and the farther away, outer areas of the castings Z1, Z2 minimized, which cool due to the lower wall thickness given there with comparable cooling rates.

Overall, this is achieved in that way

Temperature gradients between the outside and the

Interior of the castings Z1, Z2 remains small. Of the low temperature gradient reduces the

Residual tensions in the interior. At the same time the higher cooling rate causes a higher tensile strength of the iron casting material, so that by the procedure according to the invention as a result in the castings Z1, Z2 load capacities are achieved, which are 50% higher than the load capacity of conventionally produced, slowly cooled in the mold

Cylinder crankcases.

REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 device for simultaneous casting of two

Castings Z1, Z2

2 mold

3 frame

4-7 outer moldings of the mold 2

8-19 casting cores

20,21 mold cavities of the mold 2

22 central gate of the mold 2

23 sprue of the casting mold 2

24 supports of the frame 3

25 grid of the frame 3

26.27 ejectors

28 nozzle device

A1, A2 Tie rods of castings Z1, Z2

G1-G2 through-channels of the mold 2

H main direction of the through holes 01,02

Kl, K2 crankcase of castings Z1, Z2

L1, L2 crankshaft bearing of castings Z1, Z2

M molding material

Ml, M2 cooling medium flows

01.02 Through holes (cylinder openings) of the

Castings Z1, Z2

R effective direction of gravity

S cast iron melt

V vertical direction

VI, V2 imagined extension of the passages

01.02 of the casting mold 2

Z1, Z2 castings (cylinder crankcase)

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R E C H E

1. A method of casting one with at least one

Through hole provided casting (Zl, Z2) from a molten metal (S), comprising the following

Work steps: a) Provision of a mold (2) in which

at least one casting core (8-19) is present for imaging the passage opening (01,02), wherein the casting core (8-19) consists of a molding material comprising a binder, which decomposes under force or temperature influence, b) pouring the molten metal (S) in the casting mold (2) to the casting (Z1, Z2), c) cooling the casting (Z1, Z2) in the casting mold (2) to a temperature below the liquidus temperature of the molten metal (S), but above a Minimum temperature is up to which it comes with an accelerated cooling to form higher-strength structure, d) producing a through the through hole (01.02) of the casting (Zl, Z2) leading through-channel (G1, G2), each at one Outside of the mold (2) opens by the binder of the molding material from which the

Through hole (01.02) imaging casting core (8-19) burned by the heat introduced during casting of the molten metal into the mold, or by for the production of the passage channel (G1, G2) of the respective through hole (01.02) imaging casting core (8- 19) and arranged in its extension (V1, V2) areas of the mold (2) are at least partially mechanically destroyed, e) cooling the casting (Z1, Z2) in the mold (2) while flowing through the through-channel (G1 , G2) with a cooling medium (M1, M2).

2. The method of claim 1, d a d u r c h

e n c ia n, the s

Molten metal is an iron casting melt and the minimum temperature above which the cooling is terminated in step c) corresponds to the Αχ-temperature of the molten metal.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molten metal (S) is a cast iron melt and the temperature to which the casting (Z1, Z2) in step c) in the mold (2) is cooled, in the range of 1153th - 600 ° C is. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casting (Z1, Z2) is a cylinder crankcase for an internal combustion engine and the passage opening (01.02) is a cylinder opening provided in the casting (Z1, Z2).

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casting mold (2) is formed as a core package, whose mold parts (4-7) and casting cores (8-19), in the region of the passage opening (01,02) and the

Extension (Vl, V2) of the passage opening

(01,02) of the casting core (8-19) are made of a molding material which decays under the action of force or temperature.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main direction (H) of the through-channel (G1, G2) is vertically aligned.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the production of the through-channel (G1, G2) the casting core (8-19) forming the passage opening (01,02) and the regions of the casting mold (2, 2) arranged in its extension (V1, V2) are produced ) are completely removed.

8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling medium (M1, M2) is accelerated through the passageway (G1, G2) in a forced flow.

9. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling medium is gaseous.

10. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casting mold (2) has at least two mold cavities

(20,21) for simultaneous casting of at least two castings (Z1, Z2) and d a s s the molten metal (S) via a common feeder

(23) or gate (22) into the mold cavities

(20,21).