CN1069855C - Casting process for crankcase of automobile engine - Google Patents
Casting process for crankcase of automobile engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN1069855C CN1069855C CN99114622A CN99114622A CN1069855C CN 1069855 C CN1069855 C CN 1069855C CN 99114622 A CN99114622 A CN 99114622A CN 99114622 A CN99114622 A CN 99114622A CN 1069855 C CN1069855 C CN 1069855C
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- automobile engine
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Abstract
The present invention provides a casting process for a crankcase of an automobile engine, which is mainly characterized in that firstly, an external mold and an internal core are decomposed into a plurality of sand blocks according to casting characteristics and bottom pouring vertical casting characteristics, and each sand block is made of cold and hard resin sand; secondly, after the sand blocks are assembled in a building block splicing mode and bonded into a whole, the sand blocks are tightly clamped by a clamping tool to form a casting mold, and then, the sand around the casing mold is fastened for casting; thirdly, the top of the casing mold is provided with an overflow opening; fourthly, rare earth alloy containing cerium is added during smelting. The process can avoid the displacement, the deformation and the fracture of sand cores and is convenient for air exhaust and slag removal. The present invention can also cancel a molding machine and a sand case and reduce sand amount. Furthermore, the present invention helps to improve the qualification rate of castings and reduce cost.
Description
The invention belongs to the crankcase of automobile engine casting technique of (claiming cylinder body again).
Crankcase of automobile engine complex structure and wall are thin, requirement of strength is high, and it is bigger therefore to cast difficulty.From the Foundry Production line analysis of introduction and domestic production status investigation, the casting technique that generally adopts is at present: from cylinder barrel center line horizontal parting, horizontal cast, common clay sand is made external form, resin sand coremaking; Core, mould assembling moulding under the anchor clamps; Melting molten iron, running castings.Although this kind casting technique is comparatively ripe, but there is following shortcoming: 1. because molten iron elder generation filling box body is positioned at drag box bottom one side, recharge casing and be positioned at cope one side, therefore float on casing one side on gas, slag, the floating sand etc., be easy to make casing to produce defective such as pore, cinder hole, burning into sand and scrap; 2. when pouring into a mould, the core in the casting mold, particularly jacket core easily misplace, are out of shape even rupture under the molten iron buoyancy, thereby cause casing to be scrapped; 3. the core core print need strengthen, extend, and must increase the consumption of molding sand, core sand; 4. need Rotate 180 ° following core after core erects and assembles, the one, inconvenient operation, the 2nd, be easy to damage core; 5. need a large amount of sandboxes and moulding machine moulding, thereby increased cost.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of crankcase of automobile engine casting technique of rising pouring upright casting formula is provided, this kind technology can not only reduce casting flaw, improve the qualification rate of casing strand spare, and can reduce investment, reduces cost.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the moulding theory that breaks traditions, foundry processing design are not subjected to die joint and the upward restriction of the branch of nowel, but conceive the shape and the quantity of sand lump according to the characteristics of foundry goods and rising pouring upright casting.
Though the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine provided by the invention comprises molding and core making, core assembly mould assembly, melting, cast and foundry goods treatment process equally, molding and core making, core assembly bench-type operation have been carried out essential improvement:
1. molding and core making
Characteristics according to foundry goods and rising pouring upright casting resolve into a plurality of sand lumps with external form and inner core, each sand lump all designs the positioner that the core assembly mould assembly is used, each sand lump is all made of cold-hardening resin sand, so just make the preparation method of external form and inner core identical, only need designing mould, and no longer need moulding machine and core jig etc.
3. core assembly mould assembly
Each sand lump building blocks of making are pieced together to take formula assembling and be integral with adhesive bond again promptly forming casting mold with clamp, casting mold all around sand tighten promptly pourable.Compare with traditional handicraft, do not had complicated following core operation, abolished and made the sandbox that external form is used.
In order to realize goal of the invention better, casting technique provided by the invention has also been taked following technical measures:
1. the main core sand piece that will form cylinder barrel and crankcase intracavity shape is designed to overall structure, and the cylinder barrel partial design of sand lump becomes hollow type, so that the shot of packing into before cast improves cooling velocity.
2. at the casting mold top overflow lip is set, is beneficial to exhaust, feeding, slag absorbing.
3. the ingate in running gate system is provided with screen pack, to filter molten iron, reduces slag inclusion.
4. when melting, add and contain cerium mischmetal alloy 0.5～0.8%,, shorten graphite length with purifying molten iron.
The concrete operations of casting technique provided by the invention are provided by following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof.
Fig. 1 is the casting mold outline drawing of crankcase of automobile engine provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the casting mold cut-away view of crankcase of automobile engine provided by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of main core.
Embodiment:
Present embodiment is the casting technique of the crankcase of JL465Q (or JL462Q) engine used of minicar that Chongqing ChangAn Automobile company is produced.
1. molding and core making
(1) molding sand, core sand preparation
External form and inner core are all made of cold-hardening resin sand, and it is filled a prescription as following table:
| Constituent element | Quartz sand | Furane resins | Coupling agent | Curing agent |
| Specification | The 70-140 order | DZF-3C | KH550 | The benzene yellow acid |
| Proportioning | 100 | Be 1.5～3% of sand | Be 0.2～0.3% of resin | Be 30～50% of resin |
Sand mulling craft is: quartz sand adds furane resins with the use of can shaking out for 6 seconds of coupling agent mixed grind with the curing agent mixed grind after 2 seconds.
(2) design and fabrication of external form inner core
Exterior design becomes four sand lumps: small end sand lump 2, hold sand lump 7, preceding sand lump (in establish sprue) 8, back sand lump 3 each greatly, their form four sides of crankcase; Inner core is designed to 12 sand lumps: 11 1 of main core sand pieces, 10 two of jacket core sand lumps, 12 6 of oil duct core sand pieces, 1 one of running channel base plate sand lumps, 5 one of cup sand lumps, 6 one of overflow lip sand lumps, they form the internal structure and the running gate system of crankcase.In the inner core, main core 11 is the most complicated, its structure as shown in Figure 3, it should form the cavity shape that cylinder barrel forms crankcase again, in order to improve the wearability of cylinder barrel, so the cylinder barrel partial design of main core is become hollow type, obtains the pairing metallographic structure of high-wearing feature so that improve cooling velocity by the shot 4 of packing into.Above-mentioned each sand lump all designs the positioner that the core assembly bench-type is used.
Each sand lump Mold Making of external form, inner core, craft or machine operation all can.
2. core assembly mould assembly
Each sand lump is removed overlap, and burr and floating sand are then by technological design figure assembling.Assembling mode is that building blocks are pieced together the formula of taking, and its order is as follows:
(1) main core sand piece is installed on the running channel base plate sand lump, and high silicon ceramic fibre screen pack is set between ingate and main core;
(2) will be sleeved on the main core print seat after two bonding getting well of jacket core sand lump;
(3) external form small end sand lump and big end sand lump are combined to the two ends of main core respectively and check whether the junction is tight;
(4) be bonded in oil duct core sand piece on the main core and check the oil duct core at the bottom of with main core whether unsettled phenomenon is arranged;
(5) sand lump before the external form and back sand lump are combined to the both sides, front and back of main core respectively and check whether assembly line coincide;
(6) casting mold that assembles of the clamp that constitutes with iron plate, bolt and that casting mold is transported to cast is on-the-spot;
(7) overflow lip sand lump and cup are installed at the casting mold top, the hollow cylinder barrel are filled shot, casting mold all around sand tighten.
Casting mold after assembling as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
3. melting and cast
(1) batching
Prepare burden by following chemical analysis: C 3.2～3.35, Si 2.0～2.2, Mn 0.6～0.8, p≤0.08, S≤0.05, Cu 0.4～0.6, Sn 0.07～0.09.
(2) melting molten iron
Adopt electrosmelting of intermediate frequency, slag hitting and adding contain cerium I rare earth alloy 0.5～0.8% when molten iron temperature is raised to 1500 ℃, and fusing back slag hitting goes out molten iron.
(3) cast
Cast when molten iron temperature is reduced to 1400～1410 ℃.
4. foundry goods is handled
(1) back 6 hours of cast, casting temperature are reduced to the pickup of unpacking below 500 ℃.
(2) overflow lip, running gate system, overlap, gas thorn and ball blast are removed in sand removal, beat heat (batch) number.
(3) eliminate internal stress annealing: be warming up to 580 ℃～620 ℃ insulations two hours and be cooled to come out of the stove below 200 ℃ with stove, ball blast removes oxide skin again.
(4) scribing inspection
(5) gas testing is pressed: on special-purpose pressure testing machine, add two atmospheric pressure keep not leaking in 3 minutes be qualified.
(6) warehouse-in that sprays paint.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. molten iron enters behind the die cavity vertically along main core from cup, and jacket core and oil duct core rise, and can not avoid the phenomenons such as core displacement, distortion, fracture to produce so each core is not produced buoyancy, thereby have improved the qualification rate of strand spare.
2. the gas that produces can be discharged from overflow lip when cast, slag inclusion, floating sand along with molten iron from bottom to up perpendicular direct filling type focus on overflow lip, after the casting mold cooling, remove overflow lip and can obtain strand spare without cinder hole, pore.
3. the in-built full shot of the hollow cylinder barrel of main core has improved the cooling velocity of cylinder barrel wall, thereby makes increased content of pearlite in alloy and refinement in the metallographic structure of cylinder barrel wall pearlite and graphite flake, is conducive to improve the wearability of cylinder barrel, prolongs the service life of cylinder barrel.
4. at the ingate place screen pack is set, makes the molten iron that enters die cavity without a slag inclusion, can reduce casting flaw, improve the qualification rate of strand spare.
5. before cast iron melting is come out of the stove, add and contain the cerium mischmetal alloy, can the degasification slagging-off, purifying molten iron can shorten again the length of graphite flake, is conducive to the raising of strand spare qualification rate and mechanical performance.
6. it is easy to operate that the technological design of external form, inner core makes the core assembly mould assembly, and do not need special fixture and equipment.
7. main core and jacket core are not subjected to buoyancy when cast, so the core print design is short, can save a large amount of resin sands, reduces cost.
9. make external form and do not need moulding machine and sandbox, but reduce cost.
Claims (9)
1. the casting technique of a crankcase of automobile engine comprises molding and core making, core assembly mould assembly, melting, cast and foundry goods treatment process, it is characterized in that:
(1) molding and core making
Running gate system is a rising pouring upright casting formula, according to the characteristics of foundry goods and running gate system, external form and inner core is resolved into a plurality of sand lumps, and each sand lump all designs the positioner that the core assembly mould assembly is used, and each sand lump is all made of cold-hardening resin sand,
(2) core assembly mould assembly
Each sand lump building blocks pieced together to take formula assembling and be integral with adhesive bond again promptly forming casting mold with clamp, casting mold all around sand tighten promptly pourable.
2. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 1, the sand lump that it is characterized in that forming cylinder barrel and crankcase cavity shape is an overall structure, and the cylinder barrel partial design of sand lump becomes hollow type, so that the shot of packing into before cast improves cooling velocity.
3. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that overflow lip is arranged on the casting mold top.
4. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the ingate place of running gate system is provided with screen pack.
5. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 3 is characterized in that the ingate place of running gate system is provided with screen pack.
6. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 1 and 2 adds when it is characterized in that melting and contains cerium mischmetal alloy 0.5～0.8%.
7. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 3 adds when it is characterized in that melting and contains cerium mischmetal alloy 0.5～0.8%.
8. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 4 adds when it is characterized in that melting and contains cerium mischmetal alloy 0.5～0.8%.
9. the casting technique of crankcase of automobile engine according to claim 5 adds when it is characterized in that melting and contains cerium mischmetal alloy 0.5～0.8%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99114622A CN1069855C (en) | 1999-01-18 | 1999-01-18 | Casting process for crankcase of automobile engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99114622A CN1069855C (en) | 1999-01-18 | 1999-01-18 | Casting process for crankcase of automobile engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1261562A CN1261562A (en) | 2000-08-02 |
| CN1069855C true CN1069855C (en) | 2001-08-22 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99114622A Expired - Fee Related CN1069855C (en) | 1999-01-18 | 1999-01-18 | Casting process for crankcase of automobile engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1069855C (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100404170C (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2008-07-23 | 黄刚 | Method for manufacturing crankcase of automobile engine by negative pressure cavityless casting |
| US7409982B2 (en) * | 2005-08-19 | 2008-08-12 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Foundry mold assembly device and method |
| CN101780525B (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2012-01-11 | 山西斯普瑞机械制造有限公司 | Process for casting oil distribution disc of vane pump |
| CN101817060B (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2011-12-28 | 宁波强盛机械模具有限公司 | Core assembly pouring device for cylinder block casting in automobile engine |
| CN102632202B (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2013-05-29 | 华东泰克西汽车铸造有限公司 | Production technology for manufacturing automobile cylinder by aid of crankcase core module |
| DE102012103884A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 | 2013-11-07 | Fritz Winter Eisengiesserei Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for casting a casting provided with at least one passage opening |
| CN102773403B (en) * | 2012-07-07 | 2014-02-12 | 山西宇清环保有限公司 | Method for producing overturning plate valve cover by resin sand |
| CN102921897B (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-01-07 | 贺秉祥 | Pouring production process used for automobile engine casting combined core |
| CN103567387B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-07-15 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Integral gating system of certain airplane cabin door casting |
| CN103639658B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆顺多利机车有限责任公司 | Motorcycle crank case machining process |
| CN105522100A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-04-27 | 常熟市虹桥铸钢有限公司 | High-precision casting die |
| CN106623806B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-05-22 | 溧阳市万盛铸造有限公司 | A kind of cast casting technique |
| CN106636878B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2018-07-06 | 溧阳市万盛铸造有限公司 | A kind of crankcase castings production technique |
| CN107414026A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-01 | 四川省井研卫东机械制造厂 | Using the vacuo-forming of V methods and the casting sand mold preparation method of phenolic sand molding combination process |
| CN108941466A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | The casting technique of V-structure ship cylinder body |
| CN109158534A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2019-01-08 | 四川共享铸造有限公司 | The method that solution has the shrinkage porosite of long hole casting parts, shrinkage cavity defect |
| CN110125340B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2021-07-20 | 国营第六一六厂 | Adjustable vertical parting casting mould locking device |
| CN113653570B (en) * | 2021-08-04 | 2023-01-06 | 淄柴机器有限公司 | Marine diesel engine ductile iron body for preventing cavitation erosion and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1045126A (en) * | 1990-03-24 | 1990-09-05 | 沈阳市铁西区广宇科学技术研究所 | A kind of vent of blast furnace and manufacture method thereof |
| CN2253679Y (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-05-07 | 成都汽车配件总厂郫县特种铸造研究所 | Composite die for producing casting pieces of car engine cyinder |
-
1999
- 1999-01-18 CN CN99114622A patent/CN1069855C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1045126A (en) * | 1990-03-24 | 1990-09-05 | 沈阳市铁西区广宇科学技术研究所 | A kind of vent of blast furnace and manufacture method thereof |
| CN2253679Y (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 1997-05-07 | 成都汽车配件总厂郫县特种铸造研究所 | Composite die for producing casting pieces of car engine cyinder |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1261562A (en) | 2000-08-02 |
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