EP1144842B1 - Injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines comprising an injector needle that projects into the valve control space - Google Patents

Injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines comprising an injector needle that projects into the valve control space Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1144842B1
EP1144842B1 EP00979425A EP00979425A EP1144842B1 EP 1144842 B1 EP1144842 B1 EP 1144842B1 EP 00979425 A EP00979425 A EP 00979425A EP 00979425 A EP00979425 A EP 00979425A EP 1144842 B1 EP1144842 B1 EP 1144842B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
nozzle needle
valve body
injector
injector according
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EP00979425A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1144842A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Boecking
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
    • F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2547/00—Special features for fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
    • F02M2547/003—Valve inserts containing control chamber and valve piston

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines with a valve needle control valve chamber.
  • valve control chamber is accessible from the nozzle needle is limited and the valve control chamber is arranged in a valve body.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines, whose control times are reduced and whose external dimensions are particularly compact.
  • This injector has the advantage that the length of the nozzle needle can be significantly reduced, which reduces the inertia of the moving components of the injector. This allows short timings.
  • the valve control chamber can move closer to the injection nozzle, which also thinner nozzle needles are possible. This effect contributes to a further reduction of the moving masses within the injector.
  • the diameter ratios of the injector according to the invention correspond approximately to those of an injection nozzle according to the prior art.
  • valve control chamber is arranged in a valve body, it can be easily and inexpensively manufactured. In addition, the number of sealing points remains low.
  • a conical sealing seat is present between the valve body and the housing, so that the pressure chamber is sealed in a simple manner against the environment.
  • a plate spring is clamped in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention between the cover and the valve body, which presses the valve body against the sealing seat.
  • the pressure chamber communicates with a high-pressure fuel reservoir via an inlet channel
  • the valve control chamber is at least indirectly connected to a high-pressure fuel reservoir via an inlet throttle and that the valve control chamber communicates with the pressure chamber via an inlet throttle, so that the necessary hydraulic connections between valve control room, pressure chamber and high-pressure fuel storage can be realized in a simple manner.
  • valve control chamber via a flow channel, an outlet throttle and a control valve, in particular a 2/2-control valve or a 2/3-control valve, with a fuel return is connectable, so that by opening the control valve, the pressure can be reduced in the valve control room. As a result, the nozzle needle releases the sealing seat and the injection begins.
  • a variant of the invention provides that the outlet channel and an outlet throttle are arranged in the valve body, so that a further reduction in the required installation space is achieved.
  • the diameter of the end face of the nozzle needle is greater than the diameter of the sealing line between the nozzle needle and a nozzle needle seat, so that at the same pressure in the valve control chamber and pressure chamber, the resulting hydraulic force always causes a closing of the injector.
  • control valve is actuated by a piezoelectric actuator, so that the control times of the injector according to the invention are further reduced.
  • the fuel injection system has a high-pressure fuel storage, so that the advantages of the injector according to the invention also benefit common-rail fuel injection systems.
  • the drawing shows a cross section through an injector according to the invention.
  • a high-pressure connection 1 the fuel, not shown, is passed through an inlet channel 3 into a pressure chamber 5 of an injection nozzle 7.
  • the fuel comes from the high-pressure fuel storage (common rail), not shown, and has the pressure.
  • a valve control chamber 9 is connected to the pressure chamber 5.
  • the valve control chamber 9 can be connected to a non-pressurized fuel return, not shown.
  • a drain channel 13 and an outlet throttle 14 are arranged between valve control chamber 9 and control valve 11, a drain channel 13 and an outlet throttle 14 are arranged.
  • a housing 15 of the injector is connected by a cap nut 16 with a cover 17.
  • the cover 17 also fixes a protruding into the pressure chamber 5 valve body 19.
  • a guide bore 20 with the diameter d 2 for a nozzle needle 21 is present in the valve body 19.
  • the arranged in the valve body 19 valve control chamber 9 is bounded by an end face 23 of the nozzle needle.
  • a conical sealing seat 25 is provided, which seals the pressure chamber 5 from the environment.
  • the nozzle needle 21 prevents the pressurized fuel flows between the injections from the injection nozzle 7 through a spray hole 27 in the combustion chamber, not shown. This is done by the nozzle needle 21 is pressed into a nozzle needle seat 29 and thus seals the inlet channel 3 against the combustion chamber, not shown. It forms between the nozzle needle 21 and nozzle needle seat 29 has a circular sealing line. The diameter of the sealing line is designated d 1 .
  • a closing spring 33 is present between a shoulder 31 of the nozzle needle 21 and the valve body 19, a closing spring 33 is present. It ensures that the nozzle needle 21 is always closed when the fuel has no overpressure.
  • the injection nozzle 5 opens when the control valve 11 is opened and as a result, the pressure in the valve control chamber 9 collapses. In this case, the resulting hydraulic force acts in the direction of the control valve 11 and lifts the nozzle needle 21 from the nozzle needle seat 29. Thus, the fuel can flow from the pressure chamber 5 via the injection hole 27 into the combustion chamber and the injection begins.
  • control valve 11 which can be designed as a 2/2-control valve or a 2/3-control valve, closes again, builds up in the valve control chamber 9 again a high pressure which is equal to the pressure in the pressure chamber 5, so that the resulting hydraulic Force the nozzle needle 21 press again into the nozzle needle seat 29 and the injection completed.
  • the diameter of an injector according to the invention corresponds to that of an injection nozzle according to the current state of the art.
  • the masses of the moving parts are very low, since a valve piston and a push rod can be omitted and the nozzle needle has very small dimensions. This leads to very low control times of the injector, which can be fully utilized especially in connection with a piezo-actuator actuated control valve 11. For example, lowest pre-injection quantities can be realized.
  • the small number of components also leads to cost advantages in the production. Finally, there are no leakage losses.

Abstract

The invention relates to an injector for a fuel injection system which comprises an at least partial compensation of the hydraulic forces acting upon the injector needle (21). In addition, the volume of fuel to be controlled is decreased thus making short control times possible.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Injektor für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem eine Düsennadel steuernden Ventilsteuerraum.The invention is based on an injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines with a valve needle control valve chamber.

Bekannt sind Injektoren, die von einem Magnetventil oder einem Piezoaktor gesteuert werden. Unabhängig von der Art der Steuerung lassen sich Verbesserungen hinsichtlich Emissions- und Verbrauchsverhalten sowie der Geräuschentwicklung der Brennkraftmaschine u.a. dadurch erreichen, dass die Steuerzeiten der Injektoren verringert werden. Verringerte Steuerzeiten bedeuten, dass die Bemessung der Einspritzmengen genauer erfolgt, und dass der Einspritzverlauf freier gestaltet werden kann. Schließlich sind bei modernen Brennkraftmaschinen und Kraftfahrzeugen die Platzverhältnisse zunehmend beengt, was kompakt bauende Injektoren erfordert.Are known injectors that are controlled by a solenoid valve or a piezoelectric actuator. Regardless of the type of control, improvements in emission and consumption behavior as well as the noise development of the internal combustion engine u.a. achieve that the timing of the injectors are reduced. Reduced control times mean that the injection quantities are dimensioned more precisely, and that the course of injection can be made more free. Finally, in modern internal combustion engines and motor vehicles, the space is increasingly cramped, which requires compact injectors.

Aus dem Stand der Technik, wie zum Beispiel der DE 198 02 495 A1, der EP 0 767 304 A1, der US 4, 566, 416 und der EP 0 333 097 A2, sind verschiedene Injektoren bekannt, bei denen der Ventilsteuerraum von der Düsennadel begrenzt ist und der Ventilsteuerraum in einem Ventilkörper angeordnet ist.From the prior art, such as for example DE 198 02 495 A1, EP 0 767 304 A1, US Pat. Nos. 4, 566, 416 and EP 0 333 097 A2, various injectors are known in which the valve control chamber is accessible from the nozzle needle is limited and the valve control chamber is arranged in a valve body.

Nachteilig an diesen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Injektoren ist deren relativ großer Bauraumbedarf. Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Injektor für ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen bereitzustellen, dessen Steuerzeiten verringert werden und dessen äußere Abmessungen besonders kompakt sind.A disadvantage of these injectors known from the prior art is their relatively large space requirement. The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines, whose control times are reduced and whose external dimensions are particularly compact.

Aus der nachveröffentlichten WO 01/11219 A (Stand der Technik nach Art. 54 (3) EPÜ) ist ein Injektor bekannt bei dem die Düsennadel im Düsenkörper geführt wird.From the post-published WO 01/11219 A (prior art under Art. 54 (3) EPC), an injector is known in which the nozzle needle is guided in the nozzle body.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem Injektor nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass der Ventilkörper in einen Druckraum ragtThis object is achieved with an injector according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that the valve body protrudes into a pressure chamber

Dieser Injektor hat den Vorteil, dass die Länge der Düsennadel deutlich verkürzt werden kann, was die Massenträgheit der bewegten Bauteile des Injektors verringert. Dadurch werden kurze Steuerzeiten ermöglicht. Außerdem kann der Ventilsteuerraum näher an die Einspritzdüse heranrücken, wodurch auch dünnere Düsennadeln möglich werden. Dieser Effekt trägt zu einer weiteren Verringerung der bewegten Massen innerhalb des Injektors bei.This injector has the advantage that the length of the nozzle needle can be significantly reduced, which reduces the inertia of the moving components of the injector. This allows short timings. In addition, the valve control chamber can move closer to the injection nozzle, which also thinner nozzle needles are possible. This effect contributes to a further reduction of the moving masses within the injector.

Weiterhin ergibt sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Injektor eine deutliche Reduktion der Baugröße. Die DurchmesserVerhältnisse des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors entsprechen etwa denen einer Einspritzdüse nach dem Stand der Technik.Furthermore, results in the injector according to the invention a significant reduction in size. The diameter ratios of the injector according to the invention correspond approximately to those of an injection nozzle according to the prior art.

Außerdem kann bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform des Injektors in geschlossenem Zustand keine Leckage auftreten, so dass auch kein Leckölabfluss vorgesehen werden muss.In addition, no leakage can occur in the embodiment of the injector according to the invention in the closed state, so that no leakage oil drain must be provided.

Dadurch, dass der Ventilsteuerraum in einem Ventilkörper angeordnet ist, kann er einfach und kostengünstig hergestellt werden. Außerdem bleibt die Zahl der Dichtstellen gering.The fact that the valve control chamber is arranged in a valve body, it can be easily and inexpensively manufactured. In addition, the number of sealing points remains low.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist zwischen Ventilkörper und Gehäuse ein kegeliger Dichtsitz vorhanden, so dass der Druckraum auf einfache Weise gegen die Umgebung abdichtet wird.In a preferred embodiment, a conical sealing seat is present between the valve body and the housing, so that the pressure chamber is sealed in a simple manner against the environment.

Um die Betriebssicherheit der Abdichtung des Druckraums zu verbessern, ist in weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung zwischen Deckel und Ventilkörper eine Tellerfeder eingespannt, die den Ventilkörper gegen den Dichtsitz presst.To improve the reliability of the sealing of the pressure chamber, a plate spring is clamped in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention between the cover and the valve body, which presses the valve body against the sealing seat.

Weitere Ergänzungen der Erfindung sehen vor, dass der Druckraum über einen Zulaufkanal mit einem Hochdruckkraftstoffspeicher in Verbindung steht, dass der Ventilsteuerraum über eine Zulaufdrossel mit einem Hochdruckkraftstoffspeicher mindestens mittelbar in Verbindung steht und dass der Ventilsteuerraum über eine Zulaufdrossel mit dem Druckraum in Verbindung steht, so dass die erforderlichen hydraulischen Verbindungen zwischen Ventilsteuerraum, Druckraum und Hochdruckkraftstoffspeicher auf einfache Weise realisierbar sind.Further supplements of the invention provide that the pressure chamber communicates with a high-pressure fuel reservoir via an inlet channel, that the valve control chamber is at least indirectly connected to a high-pressure fuel reservoir via an inlet throttle and that the valve control chamber communicates with the pressure chamber via an inlet throttle, so that the necessary hydraulic connections between valve control room, pressure chamber and high-pressure fuel storage can be realized in a simple manner.

In Ergänzung der Erfindung ist weiterhin vorgesehen, dass der Ventilsteuerraum über einen Ablaufkanal, eine Ablaufdrossel und ein Steuerventil, insbesondere ein 2/2-Steuerventil oder ein 2/3-Steuerventil, mit einem Kraftstoffrücklauf verbindbar ist, so dass durch Öffnen des Steuerventils der Druck im Ventilsteuerraum verringert werden kann. Infolgedessen gibt die Düsennadel den Dichtsitz frei und die Einspritzung beginnt.In addition to the invention is further provided that the valve control chamber via a flow channel, an outlet throttle and a control valve, in particular a 2/2-control valve or a 2/3-control valve, with a fuel return is connectable, so that by opening the control valve, the pressure can be reduced in the valve control room. As a result, the nozzle needle releases the sealing seat and the injection begins.

Eine Variante der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der Ablaufkanal und eine Ablaufdrossel in dem Ventilkörper angeordnet sind, so dass eine weitere Verringerung des erforderlichen Bauraums erzielt wird.A variant of the invention provides that the outlet channel and an outlet throttle are arranged in the valve body, so that a further reduction in the required installation space is achieved.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sehen vor, dass in dem Druckraum eine sich gegen den Ventilkörper und eine mindestens mittelbar gegen die Düsennadel abstützende Schließfeder vorhanden ist, dass sich die Schließfeder gegen einen Absatz der Düsennadel abstützt oder dass in dem Ventilsteuerraum eine sich gegen den Injektor und gegen die Düsennadel abstützende Schließfeder vorhanden ist, so dass bei fehlendem Druck des Kraftstoffs der Injektor stets geschlossen wird und somit der unkontrollierte Abfluss von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum verhindert wird.Further embodiments of the invention provide that in the pressure chamber against the valve body and at least indirectly against the nozzle needle supporting the closing spring is present, that the closing spring is supported against a shoulder of the nozzle needle or that in the valve control chamber against the injector and against the nozzle needle supporting the closing spring is present, so that in the absence of pressure of the fuel injector is always closed and thus the uncontrolled outflow of fuel is prevented in the combustion chamber.

Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Durchmesser der Stirnfläche der Düsennadel größer als der Durchmesser der Dichtlinie zwischen Düsennadel und einem Düsennadelsitz ist, so dass bei gleichem Druck im Ventilsteuerraum und Druckraum die resultierende hydraulische Kraft stets ein Schließen des Injektors bewirkt.In one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the diameter of the end face of the nozzle needle is greater than the diameter of the sealing line between the nozzle needle and a nozzle needle seat, so that at the same pressure in the valve control chamber and pressure chamber, the resulting hydraulic force always causes a closing of the injector.

In Ergänzung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Steuerventil von einem Piezoaktor betätigt wird, so dass die Steuerzeiten des erfindungsgemäßen Injektors weiter verringert werden.In addition to the invention it is provided that the control valve is actuated by a piezoelectric actuator, so that the control times of the injector according to the invention are further reduced.

Die eingangs genannte Aufgabe wird auch gelöst durch ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem für Brennkraftmaschinen mit den Merkmalen des nebengeordneten Anspruchs 14.The object mentioned at the outset is also achieved by a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines having the features of the independent claim 14.

Bei einer Variante der Erfindung weist das Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem einen Hochdruckkraftstoffspeicher auf, so dass die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile des Injektors auch Common-Rail-Kraftstoffeinspritzsystemen zugute kommen.In one variant of the invention, the fuel injection system has a high-pressure fuel storage, so that the advantages of the injector according to the invention also benefit common-rail fuel injection systems.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind der nachfolgenden Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und den Ansprüchen entnehmbar.Further advantages and advantageous embodiments of the invention are the following description, the drawings and claims removed.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstands der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und im Folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the object of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and described in more detail below.

Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Injektor. Über einen Hochdruckanschluss 1 wird der nicht dargestellte Kraftstoff durch einen Zulaufkanal 3 in einen Druckraum 5 einer Einspritzdüse 7 geleitet. Der Kraftstoff stammt aus dem nicht dargestellten Hochdruckkraftstoffspeicher (Common-Rail) und hat dessen Druck. Über eine Zulaufdrossel 8 ist ein Ventilsteuerraum 9 mit dem Druckraum 5 verbunden. Über ein nur angedeutetes Steuerventil 11 kann der Ventilsteuerraum 9 mit einem nicht dargestellten drucklosen Kraftstoffrücklauf verbunden werden. Zwischen Ventilsteuerraum 9 und Steuerventil 11 sind ein Ablaufkanal 13 und eine Ablaufdrossel 14 angeordnet.The drawing shows a cross section through an injector according to the invention. Via a high-pressure connection 1, the fuel, not shown, is passed through an inlet channel 3 into a pressure chamber 5 of an injection nozzle 7. The fuel comes from the high-pressure fuel storage (common rail), not shown, and has the pressure. Via an inlet throttle 8, a valve control chamber 9 is connected to the pressure chamber 5. Via an only indicated control valve 11, the valve control chamber 9 can be connected to a non-pressurized fuel return, not shown. Between valve control chamber 9 and control valve 11, a drain channel 13 and an outlet throttle 14 are arranged.

Ein Gehäuse 15 des Injektors ist durch eine Überwurfmutter 16 mit einem Deckel 17 verbunden. Der Deckel 17 fixiert außerdem einen in den Druckraum 5 ragenden Ventilkörper 19. In dem Ventilkörper 19 ist eine Führungsbohrung 20 mit dem Durchmesser d 2 für eine Düsennadel 21 vorhanden. Der in dem Ventilkörper 19 angeordnete Ventilsteuerraum 9 wird von einer Stirnfläche 23 der Düsennadel begrenzt.A housing 15 of the injector is connected by a cap nut 16 with a cover 17. The cover 17 also fixes a protruding into the pressure chamber 5 valve body 19. In the valve body 19, a guide bore 20 with the diameter d 2 for a nozzle needle 21 is present. The arranged in the valve body 19 valve control chamber 9 is bounded by an end face 23 of the nozzle needle.

Zwischen Ventilkörper 19 und Gehäuse 15 ist ein kegeliger Dichtsitz 25 vorhanden, welcher den Druckraum 5 gegen die Umgebung abdichtet. Eine zwischen Deckel 17 und Ventilkörper 19 eingespannte Tellerfeder 26 presst den Ventilkörper 19 permanent und mit konstanter Kraft gegen den Dichtsitz 25.Between valve body 19 and housing 15, a conical sealing seat 25 is provided, which seals the pressure chamber 5 from the environment. A clamped between the cover 17 and valve body 19 plate spring 26 presses the valve body 19 permanently and with a constant force against the sealing seat 25th

Die Düsennadel 21 verhindert, dass der unter Druck stehende Kraftstoff zwischen den Einspritzungen aus der Einspritzdüse 7 durch ein Spritzloch 27 in den nicht dargestellten Brennraum fließt. Dies geschieht, indem die Düsennadel 21 in einen Düsennadelsitz 29 gepresst wird und somit den Zulaufkanal 3 gegen den nicht dargestellten Brennraum abdichtet. Dabei bildet sich zwischen Düsennadel 21 und Düsennadelsitz 29 eine kreisförmige Dichtlinie. Der Durchmesser der Dichtlinie ist mit d 1 bezeichnet.The nozzle needle 21 prevents the pressurized fuel flows between the injections from the injection nozzle 7 through a spray hole 27 in the combustion chamber, not shown. This is done by the nozzle needle 21 is pressed into a nozzle needle seat 29 and thus seals the inlet channel 3 against the combustion chamber, not shown. It forms between the nozzle needle 21 and nozzle needle seat 29 has a circular sealing line. The diameter of the sealing line is designated d 1 .

Zwischen einem Absatz 31 der Düsennadel 21 und dem Ventilkörper 19 ist eine Schließfeder 33 vorhanden. Sie sorgt dafür, dass die Düsennadel 21 immer geschlossen ist, wenn der Kraftstoff keinen Überdruck hat.Between a shoulder 31 of the nozzle needle 21 and the valve body 19, a closing spring 33 is present. It ensures that the nozzle needle 21 is always closed when the fuel has no overpressure.

Bei geschlossenem Steuerventil 11 herrscht sowohl im Ventilsteuerraum 9 als auch im Druckraum 5 der gleiche Druck. Dieser Druck übt über die Stirnfläche 23 eine in Richtung des Düsennadelsitzes 29 auf die Düsennadel 21 wirkende hydraulische Kraft aus. Der gleiche Druck übt auf die von den Durchmessern d 1 und d 2 begrenzte Ringfläche eine in entgegengesetzter Richtung wirkende hydraulische Kraft auf die Düsennadel 21 aus. Die resultierende hydraulische Kraft wirkt in Richtung des Düsennadelsitzes 29 auf die Düsennadel 21, da die Stirnfläche 23 größer als die von den Durchmessern d 1 und d 2 begrenzte Ringfläche ist.When the control valve 11 is closed, the same pressure prevails both in the valve control chamber 9 and in the pressure chamber 5. This pressure exerts on the end face 23 a force acting in the direction of the nozzle needle seat 29 on the nozzle needle 21 hydraulic force. The same pressure exerts on the annular surface defined by the diameters d 1 and d 2 a hydraulic force acting in the opposite direction on the nozzle needle 21. The resulting hydraulic force acts in the direction of the nozzle needle seat 29 on the nozzle needle 21, since the end face 23 is larger than the limited by the diameters d 1 and d 2 annular surface.

Die Einspritzdüse 5 öffnet, wenn das Steuerventil 11 geöffnet wird und in Folge dessen der Druck im Ventilsteuerraum 9 zusammenbricht. In diesem Fall wirkt die resultierende hydraulische Kraft in Richtung des Steuerventils 11 und hebt die Düsennadel 21 vom Düsennadelsitz 29 ab. Damit kann der Kraftstoff aus dem Druckraum 5 über das Spritzloch 27 in den Brennraum strömen und die Einspritzung beginnt.The injection nozzle 5 opens when the control valve 11 is opened and as a result, the pressure in the valve control chamber 9 collapses. In this case, the resulting hydraulic force acts in the direction of the control valve 11 and lifts the nozzle needle 21 from the nozzle needle seat 29. Thus, the fuel can flow from the pressure chamber 5 via the injection hole 27 into the combustion chamber and the injection begins.

Wenn das Steuerventil 11, welches als 2/2-Steuerventil oder als 2/3-Steuerventil ausgeführt sein kann, wieder schließt, baut sich im Ventilsteuerraum 9 wieder ein Hochdruck auf, der gleich dem Druck im Druckraum 5 ist, so dass die resultierende hydraulische Kraft die Düsennadel 21 wieder in den Düsennadelsitz 29 presse und die Einspritzung beendet.If the control valve 11, which can be designed as a 2/2-control valve or a 2/3-control valve, closes again, builds up in the valve control chamber 9 again a high pressure which is equal to the pressure in the pressure chamber 5, so that the resulting hydraulic Force the nozzle needle 21 press again into the nozzle needle seat 29 and the injection completed.

Besonders vorteilhaft an dem erfindungsgemäßen Injektor ist, dass er sehr kompakt baut. Der Durchmesser eines erfindungsgemäßen Injektors entspricht dem einer Einspritzdüse nach dem derzeitigen Stand der Technik. Außerdem sind die Massen der bewegten Teile sehr gering, da ein Ventilkolben und eine Druckstange entfallen können und die Düsennadel sehr geringe Abmessungen aufweist. Dies führt zu sehr geringen Steuerzeiten des Injektors, die vor allem in Verbindung mit einem Piezo-Aktor betätigten Steuerventil 11 voll ausgenutzt werden können. Beispielsweise können geringste Voreinspritzmengen realisiert werden. Die geringe Zahl der Bauteile führt auch zu Kostenvorteilen bei der Herstellung. Schließlich treten auch keine Leckageverluste auf.It is particularly advantageous in the injector according to the invention that it is very compact. The diameter of an injector according to the invention corresponds to that of an injection nozzle according to the current state of the art. In addition, the masses of the moving parts are very low, since a valve piston and a push rod can be omitted and the nozzle needle has very small dimensions. This leads to very low control times of the injector, which can be fully utilized especially in connection with a piezo-actuator actuated control valve 11. For example, lowest pre-injection quantities can be realized. The small number of components also leads to cost advantages in the production. Finally, there are no leakage losses.

Claims (17)

  1. Injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines having a valve control space (9) which controls a nozzle needle (21), the valve control space (9) being delimited by an end surface (23) of the nozzle needle (21), and the valve control space (9) being arranged in a separate valve body (19), the nozzle needle (21) being guided in a guide hole (20) of the valve body (19), characterized in that the valve body (19) protrudes into a pressure space.
  2. Injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that a conical sealing seat (25) is present between the valve body (19) and a housing (15), and in that the sealing seat (25) seals off the pressure space (5) from the environment.
  3. Injector according to Claim 2, characterized in that a plate spring (26) is clamped between a cover (17) and the valve body (19), and in that the plate spring (26) presses the valve body (19) against the sealing seat (25).
  4. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure space (5) is connected to a high pressure fuel store via an inlet duct (3).
  5. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve control space (9) is at least indirectly connected to a high pressure fuel store via an inlet throttle (8).
  6. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve control space (9) is connected to the pressure space (5) via an inlet throttle (8).
  7. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve control space (9) can be connected to a fuel return line via an outlet duct (13), an outlet throttle (14) and a control valve (11), in particular a 2/2 control valve (11) or a 2/3 control valve (11).
  8. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet duct (13) and an outlet throttle (14) are arranged in the valve body (19).
  9. Injector according to one of Claims 2 to 8, characterized in that a closing spring (33), which rests on the valve body (19) and which rests at least indirectly on the nozzle needle (21), is present in the pressure space (5).
  10. Injector according to Claim 9, characterized in that the closing spring (33) rests on a shoulder (31) of the nozzle needle (21).
  11. Injector according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a closing spring (33), which rests on the injector and on the nozzle needle (21), is present in the valve control space (9).
  12. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter (d2) of the end surface (23) of the nozzle needle (21) is greater than the diameter (d1) of the sealing line between the nozzle needle (21) and a nozzle needle seat (29).
  13. Injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control valve (11) is actuated by a piezoelectric actuator.
  14. Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines having a high pressure fuel pump and having at least one injector with a valve control space (9) which controls a nozzle needle (21), the valve control space (9) being delimited by an end surface (23) of the nozzle needle (21), and the valve control space (9) being arranged in a valve body (19), the nozzle needle (21) being guided in a guide hole (20) of the valve body (19), characterized in that the valve body (19) protrudes into a pressure space.
  15. Fuel injection system according to Claim 14, characterized in that a conical sealing seat (25) is present between the valve body (19) and the housing (15), and in that the sealing seat (25) seals off the pressure space (5) from the environment.
  16. Fuel injection system according to claim 15, characterized in that a plate spring (26) is clamped between the cover (17) and the valve body (19), and in that the plate spring (26) presses the valve body (19) against the sealing seat (25).
  17. Fuel injection system according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the fuel injection system has a high pressure fuel store.
EP00979425A 1999-10-14 2000-10-12 Injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines comprising an injector needle that projects into the valve control space Expired - Lifetime EP1144842B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19949527A DE19949527A1 (en) 1999-10-14 1999-10-14 Injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines with a nozzle needle protruding into the valve control chamber
DE19949527 1999-10-14
PCT/DE2000/003597 WO2001027463A1 (en) 1999-10-14 2000-10-12 Injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines comprising an injector needle that projects into the valve control space

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1144842A1 EP1144842A1 (en) 2001-10-17
EP1144842B1 true EP1144842B1 (en) 2006-04-12

Family

ID=7925618

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00979425A Expired - Lifetime EP1144842B1 (en) 1999-10-14 2000-10-12 Injector for a fuel injection system for internal combustion engines comprising an injector needle that projects into the valve control space

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6820827B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1144842B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003511623A (en)
DE (2) DE19949527A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2001027463A1 (en)

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DE102004062006A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector with directly controlled injection valve member
DE102007004553A1 (en) * 2007-01-30 2008-07-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ball seat valve for use in injecting device, has diffuser arranged between choke valve and valve seat, and side turned towards seat is provided with narrowing that includes narrowing section turned away from seat
JP4868524B2 (en) * 2007-04-09 2012-02-01 ボッシュ株式会社 Fuel injection valve
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DK178692B1 (en) 2015-04-22 2016-11-21 Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland A fuel valve for a large two-stroke self-igniting internal combustion engine

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19949527A1 (en) 2001-04-19
JP2003511623A (en) 2003-03-25
WO2001027463A1 (en) 2001-04-19
US6820827B1 (en) 2004-11-23
DE50012570D1 (en) 2006-05-24
EP1144842A1 (en) 2001-10-17

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