EP1144516A3 - Skibeschichtung, zusammensetzung zur herstellung der beschichtung und verfahren zur herstellung der zusammensetzung - Google Patents
Skibeschichtung, zusammensetzung zur herstellung der beschichtung und verfahren zur herstellung der zusammensetzungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1144516A3 EP1144516A3 EP99963295A EP99963295A EP1144516A3 EP 1144516 A3 EP1144516 A3 EP 1144516A3 EP 99963295 A EP99963295 A EP 99963295A EP 99963295 A EP99963295 A EP 99963295A EP 1144516 A3 EP1144516 A3 EP 1144516A3
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- polyions
- polyelectrolyte
- fluorinated
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G3/00—Ski waxes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/207—Substituted carboxylic acids, e.g. by hydroxy or keto groups; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/21—Halogenated carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/213—Perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/262—Sulfated compounds thiosulfates
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/265—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur containing halogen atoms
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
- D06M13/285—Phosphines; Phosphine oxides; Phosphine sulfides; Phosphinic or phosphinous acids or derivatives thereof
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
- D06M13/288—Phosphonic or phosphonous acids or derivatives thereof
- D06M13/29—Phosphonic or phosphonous acids or derivatives thereof containing halogen atoms
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- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
- D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
- D06M13/298—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof containing halogen atoms
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/356—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms
- D06M15/3562—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms containing nitrogen
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- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/356—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms
- D06M15/3564—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms containing phosphorus
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- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/356—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms
- D06M15/3566—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms containing sulfur
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- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
Definitions
- the invention relates to a coating of skis and snowboards. a coating material for the production of the coating and a process for the production of the coating material.
- paraffin waxes fluorinated waxes or fluorinated polymers in powder form.
- the waxes are available in different formulations and are therefore applied to the treads of the skis by various methods: On the one hand, the materials can be dissolved in organic solvents. Coatings made with such solutions are usually not very stable and are therefore only used in the leisure sector. On the other hand, the waxes can be in solid or wax-like form and are melted hot on the running surfaces. These substances also meet higher requirements and are therefore also used as so-called racing waxes e.g. used in competitive sports.
- Fluorine waxes and fluorinated polymers may still only be applied with a protective mask, since the vapors generated are extremely harmful to health, especially if they are accidentally overheated.
- the object of the invention is. a coating for skis, e.g. Cross-country skis. Alpine skiing or ski jumping. and to provide snowboards and a coating composition for making the coating that avoids the existing disadvantages.
- the object of providing a coating is surprisingly achieved by a coating comprising polyions of at least one polyelectrolyte and surfactant ions of at least one ionic fluorinated surfactant which are charged oppositely to charge the polyions. wherein the polyions and at least some of the surfactant ions form complexes contained in the coating.
- Ski coverings provided with the coatings according to the invention generally lead to at least equally good, but mostly improved sliding properties compared to established coatings of high quality. Still surprising. that the coatings, which would have been expected to have a rather low mechanical stability, have an abrasion resistance which is higher than that of waxes. In particular, the resistance of coatings to waxes applied with solvents is considerably exceeded.
- polyelectrolytes are understood to be polymers which have charged polyions and counterions charged to the opposite.
- the stoichiometry of the coating with respect to the polyelectrolytes and the fluorinated surfactants, based on the charge of the polyion and the surfactant ion or ions, is preferably between 1: 0.5 and 1: 1.5.
- the range between 1: 0.9 and 1: 1.1 is particularly preferred. very particularly preferably 1: 0.98 and 1: 1.02. a stoichiometry of 1: 1 is most preferred.
- a stoichiometry of 1: 1 is most preferred. To indicate the charges, it is assumed that both the polyion and the surfactant ion are fully charged (or dissociated).
- the coating is preferably hydrophobic.
- the coating preferably has a mesomorphic structure which can be detected by small-angle X-ray scattering.
- the coatings according to the invention can also be the co-surfactants. which may have been used to formulate the surfactants used to prepare the complexes.
- the complexes of the coating according to the invention can be based on polycations in combination with anions of ionic fluorinated surfactants or polyanions in combination with cations of ionic fluorinated surfactants.
- polyelectrolytes are suitable as polyelectrolytes, preference being given to those which are not particularly hygroscopic, since they lead to coatings which do not absorb water to a high degree.
- Strongly hygroscopic polyelectrolytes are e.g. Polyacrylic acid. Poly methacrylic acid and poly (diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride) and their salts. Any combination of polyelectrolytes and fluorinated ionic surfactants is therefore preferred.
- the polyelectrolytes should particularly preferably be such that the coating formed has a low water absorption of preferably at most 20% (w / w). particularly preferably a maximum of 10% (w / w) and most preferably a maximum of 5% (w / w) based on the weight of the complex at 20 ° C and 100% humidity of the complex.
- the coatings according to the invention can also contain mixtures of the polyions of polyelectrolytes, preferably either mixtures of polycations or mixtures of polyanions.
- a preferred class of cationic polyelectrolytes are polymers which preferably contain at least 20% of one or more of the following monomer units, with the proviso that the resulting polyelectrolyte is not very hygroscopic in the sense of the present invention: Positively charged nitrogen groups. for example, quaternary ammonium groups or N-substituted heteroaromatic group-bearing ethylenically unsaturated monomers either as salts, such as those obtained by reacting basic amino functions with mineral acids. eg hydrochloric acid. Sulfuric acid or nitric acid, or in quaternary form (for example by reaction with dialkyl sulfates such as dimethyl sulfate.
- alkyl chlorides such as methyl chloride, ethyl chloride etc. or benzyl chloride
- dimethylaminoethyl acrylate hydrochloride Diallyldimethylammonium chloride, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate methosulfate, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide methochloride.
- Dimethylaminopropylacrylamide methochloride Dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide methosulfate, dimethylaminopropylacrylamide methosulfate. Vinyl pyridinium salts or 1-vinylimidazolium salts.
- the cationic polymer can also have one or more nonionic monomer units in addition to the cationic monomer units. e.g. contain up to 80 mol%. The presence of nonionic monomer units is in some cases. e.g. with poly (diallyl-dimethyl-ammonium chloride) required to reduce the hygroscopicity. Examples of suitable nonionic monomers are
- Dimethylaminopropylacrylamide or acrylamidoglycolic acid furthermore alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates, for example dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminomethacrylate.
- alkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylates for example dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminomethacrylate.
- Ethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate also vinyl esters, for example vinyl pyrrolidone.
- N-vinyl caproiactam N-vinylformamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamide. 1-vinylimidazole. l-vinyl-2-methylimidazole or N-methylvinylacetamide.
- cationic polyelectrolytes which consist of cationic and nonionic monomer units is as follows:
- Copolymers of dialkenyl-dialkylammonium salts e.g. Diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.
- nonionic monomers e.g. N-methyl-vinyl-acetamide, the proportion of nonionic monomer preferably being at least 20 mol%.
- cationic polyelectrolytes are: Polyethyleneimines and alkyl substituted polyethyleneimines. eg poly (ethyleneimine-co-N-docosylethylimine);
- Ionene i.e. Polymers with several quaternary ammonium groups, which are formed, for example, by reacting di-tertiary amines with ⁇ -, ⁇ -dihaloalkenes. e.g. Polysaccharides containing ion 6.3 and cationic groups. in particular ⁇ -glycosidically linked polysaccharides, such as chitosan.
- the polyelectrolytes mentioned can be used in base form, partially neutralized or completely neutralized to prepare the complexes according to the invention.
- polyions of anionic polyelectrolytes which are used in conjunction with cationic surfactants are also suitable for the coating according to the invention.
- a preferred class of such anionic polyelectrolytes are polymers which preferably contain at least 20 mol% of one or more of the following monomer units, with the proviso that the resulting polyelectrolyte is not very hygroscopic in the sense of the present invention: ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and salts and derivatives thereof. eg C 3 - to Cio-monocarboxylic acids. their alkali metal and / or ammonium salts, for example dimethyl acrylic acid or ethyl acrylic acid. C - to Cio-dicarboxylic acids. their half-best. Anhydrides. Alkali metal salts and / or ammonium salts, for example maleic acid. Fumaric acid.
- Itaconic acid Mesaconic acid. Methylmalonic acid. Citraconic acid. Maleic anhydride. Itaconic anhydride or methylmalonic anhydride: ethylenically unsaturated monomer units containing sulfonic acid groups, for example allylsulfonic acid. Styrene sulfonic acid. Vinyl sulfonic acid. 3-sulfopropyl acrylate or 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate
- Monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing phosphinic, phosphonic or phosphoric acid groups e.g. Vinylphosphonic acid. Allylphosphonic acid or acrylamidomethylpropanephosphonic acid.
- these anionic polyelectrolytes can contain one or more of the aforementioned nonionic monomer units, for example in a proportion of up to 80 mol%.
- the use of copolymers of anionic and nonionic monomer units is preferred for some of the anionic monomer units to reduce hygroscopicity.
- anionic polyelectrolytes include anionic groups contained ⁇ tend polysaccharides.
- the anionic polyelectrolytes can be used in the acid form, partially neutralized or completely neutralized.
- Ionic fluorinated surfactants are substances which contain at least one fluorine atom bonded to a carbon atom, preferably at least one -CF 2 - and / or CF 3 group and at least one charge carrier.
- the proportion of the -CF 2 - and / or CF 3 group is preferably high.
- Mixtures of the ions of ionic fluorinated surfactants can of course also be used in the coating and the complexes in the coating. either mixtures of the ions of cationic fluorinated surfactants or those of anionic fluorinated surfactants are preferably used.
- Anionic fluorinated surfactants comprise at least one fluorine-containing hydrophobic group and at least one negative charge carrier.
- Examples of such compounds are fluorinated carboxylic acids and their salts with inorganic or organic cations, fluorinated sulfonic acids and their salts with inorganic or organic cations, fluorinated organosulfuric acids and their salts with inorganic or organic cations, fluorinated phosphinic, phosphonic or organophosphoric acids and their salts with inorganic or organic cations.
- Perfluorocarboxylic acids and their preferably water-soluble salts such as perfluoroalkanoic acids. eg in particular perfluoroalkanoic acids of the formula CF 3 (CF 2 ) n -COOH. where n is preferably greater than or equal to 7; partially fluorinated carboxylic acids and carboxylic acid salts, such as partially fluorinated alkanoic acids. partially fluorinated alkene acids, perfluoroalkoxyalkanoic acids, perfluoroalkylethyleneoxyalkanoic acids. Perfluoroalkoxybenzoic acids and sulfide.
- Perfluorosulfonic acids and their preferably water-soluble salts such as perfluoroalkanesulfonic acids of the formula: CF 3 (CF) m -SO 3 H with m greater than or equal to 1; partially fluorinated sulfonic acids and their preferably water-soluble salts, such as partially fluorinated alkanesulfonic acids, for example perfluoroalkylethanesulfonic acids, perfluoropropylethanesulfonic acids, partially fluorinated alkenesulfonic acids. as well as partially fluorinated sulfonic acids containing sulfide, carboxamide, hydroxy, oxo and / or ether groups.
- fluorinated sulfoesters eg sulfosuccinic acid esters. Perfluoroalkyl sulfopropionates, perfluoroalkyl sulfobutyrates and salts thereof; eg perfiuoroalkylethylsulfonic acid ammonium salt, Zonyl TBS ® Du Pont, sodium [succinic acid diperfluoroalkylethyl diester-2-sulfonate], Fluowet SB ®, Clariant GmbH; fluorinated organic sulfuric acids and their salts such as perfluoroalkylated methyl sulfates, fluorinated sulfatopoly (oxyethylene).
- Complexes with anionic polyelectrolytes contain cationic surfactants.
- Preferred classes of such compounds are: fluorinated amines and ammonium salts such as fluoroalkylammonium salts.
- Sulfide-. May contain ester, or / and hydroxy, or heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, e.g. Perfluoroalkenylethyltrialkylammonium methosulfate. Hoe-L-3658-1. Clariant GmbH.
- the coating can contain mixtures of complexes which are preferably based either only on polycations or only on polyanions.
- Coatings which additionally contain waxes are also preferred.
- the waxes can be, for example, paraffin waxes, fluorine waxes and / or polyethylene waxes. These coatings are particularly suitable for the sliding area. By simply varying the mixing ratios of the wax and complex components, as well as by selecting the complex composition, a wide range of mixtures (depending on the weather and snow conditions) can be covered.
- Coatings that additionally contain sexton are also suitable. The coatings are primarily suitable for the climbing area. By simply varying the mixing ratios of the sexton and complex components, as well as by selecting the complex composition, a wide mixing range (depending on the weather and snow conditions) can be covered.
- the object of providing a material for producing the coating according to the invention is achieved by means of a coating composition comprising polyions of at least one polyelectrolyte and surfactant ions of at least one ionic fluorinated surfactant which are oppositely charged to charge the polyions. wherein the polyions and at least some of the surfactant ions form complexes contained in the coating, and at least one organic fluorinated solvent.
- the explanations for the coating above apply to the polyions and surfactant ions contained in the coating composition of at least one ionic fluorinated surfactant.
- the proportion by weight of the organic fluorinated solvents is preferably greater than 50% by weight. particularly preferably greater than 90% by weight.
- the proportion by weight of the polyions together with that of the fluorinated surfactants is preferably 0.3% by weight to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.6 to 2.5% by weight.
- the fluorinated organic solvents can be fluorinated alcohols or acids such as e.g. Act perfluoroacetic acid or fluorinated ether.
- the object of providing a material for producing the coating according to the invention is further achieved by a coating composition comprising polyions of at least one polyelectrolyte and surfactant ions of at least one ionic fluorinated surfactant charged oppositely to charge the polyions, the polyions and at least some of the surfactant ions being present in the coating Form complexes, as well as at least one organic solvent and anions of an acid or cations of a base.
- the complexes which are usually not soluble in non-fluorinated alcohols, dissolve if sufficient amounts of anions of acids or cations of bases are present in the solution.
- the anions or cations can also be ions of salts. It is preferred. that the solutions do not contain the anions of acids as anions of a salt. The same applies to bases.
- compositions contain 1 to 3 parts by weight acid to 1 part dry complex.
- Cations of bases are also preferred. especially of butylamine. 2-amino-2-methylpropanol, dimethylaminoethanol and diethanolamine.
- the compositions typically contain 1 to 3 parts by weight of base per part by weight of dry complex.
- the explanations for the coating above apply to the polyions and surfactant ions contained in the coating composition of at least one ionic fluorinated surfactant.
- the proportion by weight of the organic solvents is preferably greater than 50% by weight. particularly preferably greater than 90% by weight.
- the solution preferably contains a maximum of so much water that the freezing point of the solution is below 0 ° C., better below -5 ° C.
- the solution preferably contains less than 10% by weight of water, particularly preferably less than 5% by weight.
- the proportion by weight of the polyions together with that of the fluorinated surfactants is preferably 0.3% to 10% by weight. particularly preferably 0.6 to 2.5% by weight.
- Coating materials are preferred. which as organic solvents alcohols, preferably aüphatic. particularly preferably alkyl alcohols. very particularly preferably contain ethanol and / or isopropanol.
- organic solvents alcohols preferably aüphatic.
- alkyl alcohols particularly preferably contain ethanol and / or isopropanol.
- a solution that is easy to prepare and therefore preferred also preferably contains anions of organic acids, in particular acetic acid and or propionic acid. They typically contain 1 to 3 parts by weight of acid per part by weight of dry complex.
- Coating compositions are preferred here, the complexes of which contain surfactant ions of partially fluorinated carboxylic acids and salts thereof, such as lithium 3 - [(1H, 1H.2H, 2H-fluoroalkyl) thio] propionate, containing sulfide and / or sulfone groups.
- surfactant ions of partially fluorinated carboxylic acids and salts thereof such as lithium 3 - [(1H, 1H.2H, 2H-fluoroalkyl) thio] propionate, containing sulfide and / or sulfone groups.
- Zonyl FSA ® Du Pont
- an easy-to-prepare and therefore preferred solution also contains cations of bases, preferably amines, in particular of butylamine, 2-amino-2-methylpropanol. Dimethylaminoethanol and diethanolamine. They typically contain 1 to 3 parts by weight of base per part by weight of dry complex.
- Coating compositions are preferred here. their complexes of surfactant ions of partially fluorinated carboxylic acids and salts thereof containing sulfide and / or sulfone groups, e.g. Lithium 3 - [(1H, 1H.2H.2H-fluoroalkyl) thio] propionate. Zonyl FSA ®, Du Pont) or fluorinated phosphinic and phosphonic acids or their preferably water-soluble salts.
- surfactant ions of partially fluorinated carboxylic acids and salts thereof containing sulfide and / or sulfone groups e.g. Lithium 3 - [(1H, 1H.2H.2H-fluoroalkyl) thio] propionate. Zonyl FSA ®, Du Pont) or fluorinated phosphinic and phosphonic acids or their preferably water-soluble salts.
- the object of providing a coating composition is further achieved by a composition comprising dispersion particles containing polyions of at least one polyelectrolyte and surfactant ions of at least one ionic fluorinated surfactant charged oppositely to charge the polyions. wherein the polyions and at least some of the surfactant ions form complexes contained in the coating, and alcohols.
- dispersions of the complexes according to the invention can be prepared in alcohols, although it is generally not possible to dissolve the complexes in simple alcohols.
- the explanations for the coating above apply to the polyions and surfactant ions contained in the coating composition of at least one ionic fluorinated surfactant.
- the proportion by weight of the alcohols is preferably greater than 50% by weight, particularly preferably greater than 90% by weight.
- the solution preferably contains a maximum of so much water that the freezing point of the solution is below 0 ° C., better below -5 ° C.
- the solution preferably contains less than 10% by weight of water, particularly preferably less than 5% by weight.
- the proportion by weight of the polyions together with that of the fluorinated surfactants is preferably 0.3% by weight to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.6 to 2.5% by weight.
- Coating compositions which are preferred are preferred. preferably alkyl alcohols, very particularly preferably ethanol and / or isopropanol. Furthermore, alcohols which are not fluorinated are preferred, since fluorinated alcohols generally lead to solutions of the complex.
- the coating compositions according to the invention can also waxes. e.g. Paraffin and / or polyethylene waxes, dissolved or emulsified. contain.
- the resulting coatings are particularly suitable for the sliding area.
- the coating compositions of the invention may further contain sexton.
- the coating composition according to the invention is produced using customary methods. e.g. applied to the ski base with a brush or sponge applicator or by spraying.
- the surface to be coated is preferably coated with suitable alcohols and / or non-polar solvents before the coating is applied. e.g. Mixtures of petroleum ether and isopropanol. cleaned to remove any dirt, especially wax residue. Alternatively, this can be done by carefully brushing with a brass brush.
- suitable alcohols and / or non-polar solvents e.g. Mixtures of petroleum ether and isopropanol. cleaned to remove any dirt, especially wax residue. Alternatively, this can be done by carefully brushing with a brass brush.
- Application is preferably carried out at room temperature, but the temperature can be below zero, e.g. be at -10 ° C. This means that it can still be used on the slopes.
- ski base slightly above room temperature before coating, particularly preferably to temperatures between 20 ° C. and 50 ° C., since this increases the long-term stability of the coating.
- Conventional methods can be used for heating, such as heating with an electric hair dryer, an iron or even a waxing bag. be used.
- the resulting ski base is polished using known methods. For example, standard brushes made of horse hair. Brass or nylon, rotating brushes made of horse hair or nylon, nylon stockings or various nonwovens that have a polishing effect.
- the coating according to the invention can therefore be produced very easily, within a short time, generally in the range of about 5 minutes, at room temperature or else below from the coating compositions according to the invention.
- the application is satisfactory even for a layperson.
- Another object of the invention is. To provide methods of making the coating composition.
- the polyelectrolyte solution By adding the polyelectrolyte solution to the fluorosurfactant solution, it is achieved that as many of the centers on the polyion that are suitable for complex formation are complexed by surfactant ions, i.e. the polyelectrolyte is largely saturated.
- the filtered precipitate is preferably washed with demineralized water before drying or, if this is not present, before dissolving, until the conductivity of the wash water is less than 10 mS.
- the ionic fluorinated surfactants and the polyelectrolytes are introduced in accordance with a stoichiometry of 1: 1 to 1: 1.05 of the coating composition.
- the polyelectrolyte should preferably be introduced in such a way that it forms as high a charge as possible as a polyion in the complex formed: this can be done when using ionic fluorinated surfactants in salt form, for example, by at least partially neutralizing the polyelectrolyte solution.
- ionic fluorinated surfactants in salt form, for example, by at least partially neutralizing the polyelectrolyte solution.
- the pH should be reduced, for example with mineral acids such as HC1. Because of the not very large number of charges in the concentration range according to the invention relative to the ion product of the water, only small amounts of mineral acids are required for this. This measure is then, for example, in the case of polycations not necessary if the surfactants used are sufficiently strong acids.
- polyanions the corresponding measures are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the solutions of the ionic fluorinated surfactants can also contain co-surfactants, e.g. improve the solution behavior of the ionic fluorinated surfactants. This can be preferred in particular at higher concentrations of the ionic surfactant (s).
- Co-surfactants are preferably used which alone have only a weak or, particularly preferably, no surfactant action.
- the ratio cp / c ⁇ of the concentrations of the polyions of the polyelectrolyte solution cp used and the surfactant ions of the surfactant solution cj used expressed by the equivalent charge based on the weight of the respective solution above 1.2.
- the precipitation can in principle be carried out at any temperature at which the solutions used do not become highly viscous, solid or evaporate. Temperatures between 10 ° C and 80 ° C are preferred. particularly preferably room temperature to 80 ° C. Temperatures which are higher than room temperature are very particularly preferred.
- the filtered precipitate is first dried using methods known to the person skilled in the art.
- the acidic liquid solution is preferred for coating compositions.
- their complexes of surfactant ions of partially fluorinated carboxylic acids and salts thereof containing sulfide and / or sulfone groups e.g. Lithium 3 - [(1H, 1H.2H.2H-fluoroalkyl) thio] propionate.
- Zonyl FSA ®, Du Pont included.
- Organic acids are preferred for dissolving the solid in acidic liquids, particularly preferably glacial acetic acid or propionic acid.
- compositions whose complexes contain surfactant ions of partially fluorinated carboxylic acids and salts thereof, containing sulfide and / or sulfone groups, e.g. Lithium 3
- Amines are particularly preferred for dissolving the solid in alkaline liquids, particularly preferably butylamine, 2-amino-2-methylpropanol. Dimethylaminoethanol and diethanolamine.
- the solid is left, preferably with stirring, in the acidic or alkaline liquid until it is dissolved.
- the temperature should be selected so that the solution is as complete as possible. High temperatures (below the boiling point of the liquid) are preferred, which allow faster dissolution.
- the desired organic solvent is added to the resulting solution.
- the resulting solution can be neutralized with suitable bases or acids.
- the polyelectrolyte should preferably be introduced in such a way that it forms the highest possible charge as a polyion in the complex formed; when ionic fluorinated surfactants are used in salt form, this can be done, for example, by at least partially neutralizing the polyelectrolyl solution.
- ionic fluorinated surfactants used in salt form
- the pH should be lowered, for example using mineral acids such as, for example, HC1. Because of the not very large number of charges in the concentration range according to the invention relative to the ion product of the water, only small amounts of mineral acids are required for this. This measure is not necessary, for example in the case of polycations, if the surfactants used are sufficiently strong acids.
- the solutions of the ionic fluorinated surfactants can also contain co-surfactants which, for example, improve the solution behavior of the ionic fluorinated surfactants. This can be preferred in particular at higher concentrations of the ionic surfactant (s). Co-surfactants which have only a weak or, particularly preferably no, surfactant action are preferably used.
- the task of providing a process for the production of a coating composition according to the invention can also be achieved by the following process for the production:
- the coating compositions according to the invention. which contain fluorinated organic solvents can be obtained by preparing a dried solid by one of the above precipitation processes, which is dissolved in the fluorinated solvent.
- the object is further surprisingly achieved by a process comprising the steps: introducing the polyelectrolyte in a suitable alcoholic solution, slowly adding a well-homogenized solution of the fluorosurfactant or the fluorosurfactants when mixed vigorously.
- This process creates a dispersion of the complex. Due to the direct production, the precipitation step is omitted; in addition, the use of acids or bases to dissolve the precipitate can be avoided. Surprisingly, furthermore, the counter ions contained in a colloidal dispersion according to the invention produced by this process in the starting materials do not or do not significantly impair the formation and properties of a coating formed with the dispersion.
- the distribution of the surfactant molecules must be as homogeneous as possible. With appropriate treatment, micelles form above the critical micelle formation concentration. which should be as small as possible. A homogeneous distribution is then understood to mean that only small, uniformly distributed micelles form.
- the homogeneous distribution can be achieved using methods known to those skilled in the art, e.g. Sonication with ultrasound or shear and mixing in suitable mixing devices such as with stirrers. static or dynamic mixers, i.e. Entry of high shear energies.
- the mixing can be carried out by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as stirring or the use of static or dynamic mixers.
- the above-mentioned polyelectrolytes and the above-mentioned ionic fluorinated surfactants are suitable as starting materials. They are preferably used in an alcoholic solution.
- the polyelectrolyte should preferably be introduced in such a way that it forms as high a charge as possible as a polyion in the complex formed: this can be achieved when using ionic fluorinated surfactants in salt form e.g. in that the polyelectrolyl solution is at least partially neutralized.
- ionic fluorinated surfactants in salt form e.g. in that the polyelectrolyl solution is at least partially neutralized.
- polycations such as Polyethylene imine polycations.
- optionally the pH e.g. with mineral acids such as HC1 should be lowered. This measure is e.g. not necessary in the case of polycations if the surfactants used are sufficiently strong acids.
- the polyelectrolytes and the surfactants used are preferably in the form of free acids or bases.
- co-surfactants Contain co-surfactants that, for example, improve the solution behavior of the ionic fluorinated surfactants. This can be particularly the case at higher concentrations of the ionic surfactant (s) be preferred. Co-surfactants which have only a weak or, particularly preferably no, surfactant action are preferably used.
- the object is further achieved by a method for producing a mixture of complex compositions with waxes, which comprises the steps: production of a complex composition according to one of the above methods. Dissolve or emulsify the waxes in a suitable non-polar solvent. Mix the complex composition with the wax composition.
- Suitable solvents are known to the person skilled in the art. e.g. Mixtures of aphatic and cycloeopathic hydrocarbons, e.g. Petroleum ether.
- Milky, partly stable, partly phase-separating emulsions are formed which, after homogenization by shaking, can be used directly as a coating composition.
- the addition of the complex composition often has a stabilizing effect on the wax emulsion.
- the object is further achieved by a process for the preparation of a mixture of complex compositions with coasters, which comprises the steps: production of a complex composition according to one of the above processes. Dissolve or emulsify the sexton in a suitable non-polar solvent. Mix the complex composition with the wax composition.
- Milky, partly stable, partly phase-separating emulsions are formed which, after homogenization by shaking, can be used directly as a coating composition.
- Suitable solvents are known to those skilled in the art, e.g. Mixtures of aphatic and cycloeopathic hydrocarbons, e.g. Petroleum ether.
- the addition of the complex composition often has a stabilizing effect on the klister emulsion.
- Example 1 Preparation of a coating composition with a stoichiometry of 1: 1 by precipitation and solution
- Example 2 Preparation of a coating composition with a stoichiometry of 1: 1 by precipitation and solution
- Example 3 Preparation of a coating composition in the form of a dispersion
- Example 4 Preparation of a mixture of a complex dispersion with waxes
- a second solution is prepared from 5 g of the racing wax PI (HWK. 84508 Burgmaschinen. Germany) with 95 g of petroleum ether 40/60 with stirring and mixed in the ratio prepared above in a ratio of 1: 1.
- a 2.5% by weight dispersion of wax and complex is formed in each case.
- Example 5 Preparation of a mixture of a complex dispersion with coasters
- a second solution is prepared from 5 g of the "Black Magic" (STARTEX OY, 158608 Hollola, Finland) with 95 g of petroleum ether 40/60 with stirring and mixed into the dispersion prepared as above in a ratio of 1: 1.
- a 2.5% by weight dispersion of wax and complex is formed in each case.
- Example 6 Coating of ski coverings made of polyethylene to increase the lubricity The following materials were produced according to the examples described above:
- the substances according to the invention were applied with a brush to various test skis (Fischer Langlaufski Scating), dried and polished with a horsehair roller.
- the glide of the skis prepared in this way was measured on an approx. 50 m route by time measurement with an optical / electronic timer.
- Other skis were coated with commercially available products which, according to experts, represent the state of the art and are used in World Cup races.
- the measurements were repeated four times in order to achieve statistical significance.
- the mean values of the measured times were then compared.
- FIGS. 1 to 4 The results of the test series, which were carried out on 4 different days, are shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the mean values being normalized by multiplication by 100 and division by a normalization factor which is valid for a series, in order to make the differences easier to recognize.
- the results are shown as a bar chart in FIGS. 1 to 3, but in FIG. 4 as data points with estimated error bars.
- the specified comparison waxes are commercially available products from the following companies:
- the skis coated according to the invention were then driven by world-class runners over a distance of 60 km.
- the sliding properties were then compared again with one of the best products on the market (Cera F from Swix. Lillehammer. Norway). Even after 60 km, a slightly better effect was achieved
- Example 7 Coating of classic cross-country skis in the climbing area to reduce the adhesion of snow
- Material D was produced analogously to Example 3, but four times as much
- Amount of surfactant and polyelectrolyte was used.
- Material E was also produced analogously to Example 3, but using twice the amount of surfactant and polyelectrolyte.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19852584A DE19852584A1 (de) | 1998-11-14 | 1998-11-14 | Wässrige kolloidhaltige Dispersionen enthaltend Komplexe von Polyelektrolyten und ionischen fluorierten Tensiden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung |
DE19852584 | 1998-11-14 | ||
DE1999101973 DE19901973A1 (de) | 1999-01-20 | 1999-01-20 | Skibeschichtung, Zusammensetzung zur Herstellung der Beschichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Zusammensetzung |
DE19901973 | 1999-01-20 | ||
PCT/EP1999/008721 WO2000029490A2 (de) | 1998-11-14 | 1999-11-12 | Skibeschichtung, zusammensetzung zur herstellung der beschichtung und verfahren zur herstellung der zusammensetzung |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1144516A2 EP1144516A2 (de) | 2001-10-17 |
EP1144516A3 true EP1144516A3 (de) | 2002-09-11 |
Family
ID=26050151
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99963295A Withdrawn EP1144516A3 (de) | 1998-11-14 | 1999-11-12 | Skibeschichtung, zusammensetzung zur herstellung der beschichtung und verfahren zur herstellung der zusammensetzung |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1144516A3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000029490A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10231642B4 (de) * | 2002-07-12 | 2007-06-06 | Holmenkol Sport-Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verwendung von Fluor-Copolymeren als Gleitmittel für Wintersportgeräte |
EP1538261A1 (de) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-08 | Ciba Spezialitätenchemie Pfersee GmbH | Verfahren zur flammhemmenden Ausrüstung von Faserprodukten |
DE102004015519A1 (de) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-27 | Holmenkol Sport-Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gleitmittelmodifikator zur Verbesserung der tribologischen Gleiteigenschaften von Wintersportgeräten auf Schnee |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3481317D1 (de) * | 1983-07-28 | 1990-03-15 | Enichem Sintesi | Festschmiermittel und verfahren zur herstellung. |
US5131674A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1992-07-21 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Lubricant for skis |
IT1241402B (it) * | 1990-03-02 | 1994-01-14 | Enichem Sintesi | Agenti scivolanti |
DE4228975C2 (de) * | 1992-08-31 | 2002-01-31 | Gore W L & Ass Gmbh | Oleophob und/oder permanente hydrophob ausgerüstete Fasern, textile Materialien und Membranen, Verfahren zur Herstellung der Fasern, textilen Materialien und Membranen |
DE4428641A1 (de) * | 1994-08-12 | 1996-02-15 | Basf Ag | Mesomorphe Komplexe aus Polyelektrolyten und Tensiden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie Filme, Folien, Fasern, Formkörper und Beschichtungen hieraus |
-
1999
- 1999-11-12 WO PCT/EP1999/008721 patent/WO2000029490A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-12 EP EP99963295A patent/EP1144516A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2000029490A2 (de) | 2000-05-25 |
WO2000029490A3 (de) | 2001-11-08 |
EP1144516A2 (de) | 2001-10-17 |
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