EP1140391B1 - Method and device for controlling and/or maintaining the temperature of a melt, preferably of a steel melt during continuous casting - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling and/or maintaining the temperature of a melt, preferably of a steel melt during continuous casting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1140391B1
EP1140391B1 EP00901067A EP00901067A EP1140391B1 EP 1140391 B1 EP1140391 B1 EP 1140391B1 EP 00901067 A EP00901067 A EP 00901067A EP 00901067 A EP00901067 A EP 00901067A EP 1140391 B1 EP1140391 B1 EP 1140391B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melt
temperature
induction coil
heat
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP00901067A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1140391A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Grothe
Markus Reifferscheid
Raimund Brückner
Karl-Heinz Schmitt
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SMS Siemag AG
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Didier Werke AG
SMS Demag AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
    • B22D41/01—Heating means
    • B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for adjusting and / or maintaining the temperature a melt preferably a molten steel, wherein the temperature of the Melt measured in a vessel, the measurement result with a predetermined Temperature range compared in terms of nominal values and the melt supplied by electrical induction of an induction coil so much heat or is removed by means of a cooling device, that the temperature of the melt within the target range.
  • the invention also relates to a device to carry out the process.
  • tundish In continuous casting, especially steel, is in the distribution vessel, in the following Also called tundish, for quality and operational reasons one as uniform as possible a temperature of the melt, or the observance of a narrow temperature window, aimed. Due to the temperature losses of Melt in the pan, when transferring from the pan to the distributor and in the distributor itself, the casting time is limited in time.
  • a device for controlling the temperature of the melt in Manifold can have different melt temperatures in the pans balanced in the distributor and the possible casting time can be extended.
  • the Advantages of such a device are still in a greater flexibility in casting disorders and especially in the homogenization of the temperature level in the tundish. From this quality advantages in the continuous casting product expected. Also a casting closer to the liquidus becomes possible.
  • Plasma heaters which are usually positioned above the distributor.
  • the principle of plasma heating is in a vertical tundish level following chamber with electrodes an arc on one to transfer free metal surface.
  • the arc is stabilized with argon-hence the term plasma.
  • the steel either over dams and weirs or additional to be attached Flushing, z.
  • a disadvantage of this process variant is the necessary free surface of the melt within the chamber so that physical and chemical interactions between the chamber atmosphere and the melt are to be expected. Due to the very high temperatures in the arc, vapor and dust build up within the chamber. Furthermore, inductive Tundish heaters are known in which a distinction is made between so-called crucible inductors and gutter or channel inductors, which are usually firmly flanged connected to the construction of the manifold. The gutter inductors compared to the crucible inductors are relatively expensive to manufacture and maintain.
  • US-A-5 084 089 describes at a recessed area of a manifold externally fixedly arranged induction coils and one in the melt in the Distributor submerged cooling device to regulate the melt temperature.
  • inductive heating arise from lack of contact with the Melt, as well as by the induced electromagnetic alternating field accompanying force generation in the melt, leading to a stirring movement the melt and thus to a faster Wärmverieilung within of the distribution vessel provides.
  • Disadvantages of the previously performed inductive Tundish heaters arise from the firm attachment to the tundish, the has a negative impact on flexibility. Also, the necessary maintenance and Maintenance effort is significant.
  • the non-prepublished patent application DE 197 52 548 A1 relates to a Method for adjusting and maintaining the temperature, in particular one Molten steel, in narrow temperature limits over the casting time during continuous casting, wherein the decrease in the temperature is compensated by heating.
  • the process is improved by the fact that the temperature of the melt at Outlet of the distribution vessel measured, the measurement result with the specified compared lower temperature limit and the melt when reaching or Falling below the limit value is heated until the temperature is again within the setpoint range. This is also a warming the melt mentioned by an inductively operating heater, without that the necessary means or a corresponding device described are.
  • the document EP 0 657 236 A1 describes a batch operation designed for tiltable casting container for casting a molten metal with a inductive heating.
  • This includes one with an adjustable distance, parallel arranged to the metal mirror, traceable in the vertical direction, flat circular induction coil, through which the melt by direct coupling of the induced electromagnetic alternating field without contact is heated. Since the efficiency of the inductive field with increasing Distance of the induction coil to the melt decreases sharply, the distance is possible to keep low. For this purpose, an operation without cover slag is necessary whereby a direct contact between melt and atmosphere arises.
  • the device described is already due to the design as a batch reactor for the continuous operation of a distribution vessel during continuous casting not suitable.
  • an operation under atmospheric access is in steel because of the immediate onset of physical and chemical reactions between molten steel and atmosphere not possible.
  • the invention has the object based, a method referred to in the preamble of claim 1 Art and to provide a suitable device for its implementation, which while avoiding the existing disadvantages of the prior art and Difficulties a technically uncomplicated, flexible and therefore economical advantageous temperature control of a molten metal in a distribution vessel allows.
  • the melt temperature in a refractory, closed at the bottom Molded induction coil is immersed in the melt.
  • the Heating power of the device hereinafter also referred to as heating element, is regulated by the current intensity of the current flowing through the induction coil.
  • the induction coil is by a cooling fluid, preferably air, from the inside and / or cooled outside.
  • the process provides that the melt heat by heat conduction is transmitted from the wall of the molding, which in turn induced on the coupled electromagnetic alternating field.
  • the melt may heat by coupling the electromagnetic Alternating field are supplied. Also, the melt can by means of heat conduction Heat is removed through the wall of the molding.
  • the invention further includes an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention, wherein the molded part with an inductively coupled, refractory, bottom closed tube is formed, which is the induction coil interchangeable and fluid cooling, in particular air cooling, receives, is immersed in the melt and at the top Outlets for carrying out the fluid-cooled conductors and connections for supplying and removing optionally additional cooling fluid.
  • the heater shown in FIG. 1 20 for carrying out the method of the Invention comprises an induction coil 1 of an inside with fluid 45, 45 'cooled, current-carrying conductor 2 with a number of turns 3 along a vertical axis y-y with respect to the coil length L relatively small winding diameter D in a refractory molding 24.
  • the molding 24 has a closed bottom 15 and takes to form a tubular Cavity in the form of a sleeve 24 and release of vertical cooling channels 9 the Induction coil 1 interchangeable.
  • the sleeve or wall 24 of the heating element 20 consists of a to the electromagnetic alternating field of the induction coils 1 coupling refractory material (See, for example, EP 0 526 718 B1).
  • the heat transfer takes place via Heat conduction from the wall 20 in the melt 10.
  • the Melt 10 via a change of the induced alternating field by direct Coupling heat to be supplied. Due to special properties the sleeve material 24 can this without external heating and without presence be inductively heated by surrounding coupling material.
  • Fig. 1 further shows a section of a manifold 11 with therein contained molten steel melt 10 and a layer of slag floating thereon 22.
  • the material of the sleeve 24 is opposite to the molten steel 10th is largely inert, but is in the slag layer 22 with an additional Slag protection jacket 25 against mechanical and chemical Reinforced wear.
  • the bottom of the distributor 11 is made of a steel jacket 19 formed with a refractory lining 21.
  • the controllable feeder of AC to induction coil 1 is symbolically marked 33.
  • FIG. 2a shows the heating element 20 with slag protection jacket 25 and media connections 18 and 33 in conjunction with a manipulator 16.
  • the manipulator 16 comprises a guide column 34 on a steel frame 32 with a rotatable and liftable sleeve 43 and is on the rod arms 23 with the Heating rod 20 hinged.
  • the manipulator 16 has on the one hand Lifting and lowering device 26 in the form of a hydraulic element, and on the other a hydraulically operable device 27 for pivoting the linkage arms 23rd
  • An alternative device has a fixed guide 35 on a steel frame 32 on which a between guide rollers in vertical Direction movable and also pivotable support member 36 receives.
  • the numbers 26 and 27 indicate the required lifting or lowering Manipulators.
  • the immersed in the melt 10 heating rod 20 or Bankstab weakness according to the figures 3 to 5 is assigned a respective temperature sensor 28 and with a signal line 29 of a computing unit 30 aufschaltbar, via control lines 31, the movements of the manipulator 16 and the current 33rd for controlling the alternating electromagnetic field in accordance with Temperaturmeßhong the melt 10 controls or regulates. This is in the corresponding Control scheme in Fig. 3a indicated in principle.
  • the arithmetic unit 30 compares the measured values with the nominal value specifications and, if appropriate, with Deviations, the heating power of the heating elements 20 is controlled.
  • the arithmetic unit 30 with control lines 31, the cooling fluid supply for the internal cooling of the conductors and the fluid cooling of the heating rods 20 monitored by the cooling fluid supply line 39 and theméfluidanschiuß 18 and be controlled, whereby the heating rods 20 and the melt 10 at Overheating heat can be withdrawn.
  • Fig. 3a further shows an elongated design of the manifold 11 with an inlet 12 for liquid steel and an adjustable drain 13. Between inlet 12 and drain 13, at least one temperature sensor 28 is arranged and over the Signal line 29 connected to the arithmetic unit. To the preferred flow line the molten metal is in the distributor or Tundish 11 an intermediate wall 37 arranged with through-flow openings, creating a better Flow distribution around the heating rods 20 for more uniform heat dissipation. or supply according to the plan view in Fig. 3b is achieved.
  • Figs. 4a and 4b is another embodiment of the manifold 11 with karangeredem Feed 12 for the melt and two laterally arranged controllable Outlets 13 shown. Due to the multiple arrangement of individual controllable heating rods 20 or Bankstab phenomenon and the associated temperature sensors 28, is an even more accurate monitoring of the melt temperature in the distributor 11 possible.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b show an embodiment of the distributor 11 in L-shape. Between the inlets 12 and the drains 13 is between two each Temperature sensors 28 an arrangement of two heating rods 20 is provided. These are articulated articulated link arms 23 with the manipulator 16th connected and thus in both the vertical and in the horizontal direction hubund rotatably arranged.
  • the manipulator 16 is by a frame 41 with the casting platform 40 of the continuous casting firmly connected.
  • the arrangement shows otherwise, similar to FIGS. 2a and 2b, lifting and pivoting devices 27 for positioning the heating rods 20 within the melt 10 in the manifold 11th
  • the method according to the invention and the trained for its implementation Device according to FIGS. 1 to 5 optimally fits the constructive Conditions of corresponding distributor forms and other casting platform assemblies on. This is a simple retrofitting of existing systems possible with the device.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling the temperature of a melt (10), preferably of a steel melt, in a distributing vessel (11), whereby the temperature of the melt is measured, the measured result is compared with a predetermined temperature range in the form of specified values, and as much heat is supplied or withdrawn from the melt such that the temperature remains inside said range. In order to control the melt temperature, a fireproof shaped part (20) which is closed on both sides and which is provided for accommodating a liquid cooled induction coil (1) is immersed in the melt (10). The transmission of heat is carried out by means of thermal conduction out of the wall of the shaped part (20) which is coupled to the induced electromagnetic field and/or by means of a direct coupling to the liquid melt (10). The shaped part (20) accommodates the induction coil (1) in an interhangeable manner while leaving cooling channels (9) open and is positioned from the outside by a manipulator (16) which can be lifted, lowered and tuned.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Einstellen und/oder Halten der Temperatur einer Schmelze bevorzugt einer Stahlschmelze, wobei die Temperatur der Schmelze in einem Gefäss gemessen, das Messergebnis mit einem vorgebbaren Temperaturbereich in Form von SOLL-Werten verglichen und der Schmelze durch elektrische Induktion einer Induktionsspule soviel Wärme zugeführt oder mittels einer Kühleinrichtung entzogen wird, dass die Temperatur der Schmelze innerhalb des SOLL-Bereiches liegt. Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for adjusting and / or maintaining the temperature a melt preferably a molten steel, wherein the temperature of the Melt measured in a vessel, the measurement result with a predetermined Temperature range compared in terms of nominal values and the melt supplied by electrical induction of an induction coil so much heat or is removed by means of a cooling device, that the temperature of the melt within the target range. The invention also relates to a device to carry out the process.

Beim Stranggießen, insbesondere von Stahl, wird im Verteilergefäß, im folgenden auch als Tundish bezeichnet, aus Qualitäts- und Betriebsgründen eine möglichst gleichmäßige Temperatur der Schmelze, bzw. die Einhaltung eines engen Temperaturfensters, angestrebt. Aufgrund der Temperaturverluste der Schmelze in der Pfanne, beim Überführen aus der Pfanne in den Verteiler und im Verteiler selbst, ist die Gießdauer zeitlich beschränkt.In continuous casting, especially steel, is in the distribution vessel, in the following Also called tundish, for quality and operational reasons one as uniform as possible a temperature of the melt, or the observance of a narrow temperature window, aimed. Due to the temperature losses of Melt in the pan, when transferring from the pan to the distributor and in the distributor itself, the casting time is limited in time.

Durch den Einbau einer Vorrichtung zur Temperaturregelung der Schmelze im Verteilergefäß können unterschiedliche Schmelzentemperaturen in den Pfannen im Verteiler ausgeglichen und die mögliche Gießzeit verlängert werden. Die Vorteile einer solchen Vorrichtung liegen weiterhin in einer größeren Flexibilität bei Gießstörungen und vor allem in der Vergleichmäßigung des Temperatumiveaus im Tundish. Hiervon werden Qualitätsvorteile beim Stranggießprodukt erwartet. Auch ein Gießen näher am Liquidus wird möglich.By installing a device for controlling the temperature of the melt in Manifold can have different melt temperatures in the pans balanced in the distributor and the possible casting time can be extended. The Advantages of such a device are still in a greater flexibility in casting disorders and especially in the homogenization of the temperature level in the tundish. From this quality advantages in the continuous casting product expected. Also a casting closer to the liquidus becomes possible.

Bekannte Vorrichtungen zum Einstellen der Temperatur im Verteiler sind bspw. Plasmaheizungen, die üblicherweise oberhalb des Verteilers positioniert werden. Das Prinzip der Plasmaheizung besteht darin, in einer vertikal dem Tundish-Füllstand folgenden Kammer mit Elektroden einen Lichtbogen auf eine freie Metallfläche zu übertragen. Der Lichtbogen wird mit Argon stabilisiert-daher der Begriff Plasma. Im Bereich der Kammer entsteht ein heißer Fleck an dem der Stahl entweder über Dämme und Wehre oder zusätzliche anzubringende Spülvorrichtungen, z. B. poröse, für Gas durchlässige Bodenspülsteine, vorbeigeführt werden muß.Known devices for adjusting the temperature in the distributor are, for example. Plasma heaters, which are usually positioned above the distributor. The principle of plasma heating is in a vertical tundish level following chamber with electrodes an arc on one to transfer free metal surface. The arc is stabilized with argon-hence the term plasma. In the area of the chamber creates a hot spot the steel either over dams and weirs or additional to be attached Flushing, z. B. porous, gas permeable soil purging bricks, must be passed.

Nachteilig bei dieser Verfahrensvariante ist die notwendige freie Oberfläche der Schmelze innerhalb der Kammer, so daß mit physikalischen und chemischen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Kammeratmosphäre und Schmelze zu rechnen ist. Aufgrund der sehr hohen Temperaturen im Lichtbogen setzt innerhalb der Kammer Dampf- und Staubbildung ein.
Weiterhin sind induktive Tundish-Heizungen bekannt, bei welchen zwischen sogenannten Tiegelinduktoren und Rinnen- bzw. Kanalinduktoren unterschieden wird, die zumeist fest angeflanscht mit der Konstruktion des Verteilers verbunden sind. Dabei sind die Rinneninduktoren gegenüber den Tiegelinduktoren vergleichsweise aufwendig in Fertigung und Wartung.A disadvantage of this process variant is the necessary free surface of the melt within the chamber so that physical and chemical interactions between the chamber atmosphere and the melt are to be expected. Due to the very high temperatures in the arc, vapor and dust build up within the chamber.
Furthermore, inductive Tundish heaters are known in which a distinction is made between so-called crucible inductors and gutter or channel inductors, which are usually firmly flanged connected to the construction of the manifold. The gutter inductors compared to the crucible inductors are relatively expensive to manufacture and maintain.

Die US-A-5 084 089 beschreibt an einem vertieften Bereich eines Verteilers außen ortsfest angeordnete Induktionsspulen und eine in die Schmelze im Verteiler eintauchende Kühleinrichtung zur Regulierung der Schmelzentemperatur.US-A-5 084 089 describes at a recessed area of a manifold externally fixedly arranged induction coils and one in the melt in the Distributor submerged cooling device to regulate the melt temperature.

Vorteile der induktiven Heizung ergeben sich durch fehlenden Kontakt mit der Schmelze, sowie durch die mit dem induzierten elektromagnetischen Wechselfeld einhergehende Krafterzeugung in der Schmelze, die zu einer Rührbewegung der Schmelze und damit zu einer schnelleren Wärmeverieilung innerhalb des Verteilergefäßes sorgt. Nachteile der bisher ausgeführten induktiven Tundish-Heizungen ergeben sich aus dem festen Anbringen an den Tundish, die sich negativ auf die Flexibilität auswirkt. Auch der notwendige Wartungs- und Instandhaltungsaufwand ist erheblich. Advantages of inductive heating arise from lack of contact with the Melt, as well as by the induced electromagnetic alternating field accompanying force generation in the melt, leading to a stirring movement the melt and thus to a faster Wärmverieilung within of the distribution vessel provides. Disadvantages of the previously performed inductive Tundish heaters arise from the firm attachment to the tundish, the has a negative impact on flexibility. Also, the necessary maintenance and Maintenance effort is significant.

Die nicht vorveröffentlichte Patentanmeldung DE 197 52 548 A1 betrifft ein Verfahren zum Einstellen und Halten der Temperatur, insbesondere einer Stahlschmelze, in engen Temperaturgrenzen über die Gießzeit beim Stranggießen, wobei das Absinken der Temperatur durch Erwärmen kompensiert wird. Verbessert wird das Verfahren dadurch, daß die Temperatur der Schmelze am Auslauf des Verteilergefäßes gemessen, das Meßergebnis mit der vorgegebenen unteren Temperaturgrenze verglichen und die Schmelze bei Erreichen oder Unterschreiten des Grenzwertes so lange erwärmt wird, bis die Temperatur wieder innerhalb des Sollwert-Bereiches liegt. Dabei wird auch eine Erwärmung der Schmelze durch eine induktiv arbeitende Heizvorrichtung erwähnt, ohne daß die hierfür erforderlichen Mittel bzw. eine entsprechende Vorrichtung beschrieben sind.The non-prepublished patent application DE 197 52 548 A1 relates to a Method for adjusting and maintaining the temperature, in particular one Molten steel, in narrow temperature limits over the casting time during continuous casting, wherein the decrease in the temperature is compensated by heating. The process is improved by the fact that the temperature of the melt at Outlet of the distribution vessel measured, the measurement result with the specified compared lower temperature limit and the melt when reaching or Falling below the limit value is heated until the temperature is again within the setpoint range. This is also a warming the melt mentioned by an inductively operating heater, without that the necessary means or a corresponding device described are.

Das Dokument EP 0 657 236 A1 beschreibt eine für einen Chargenbetrieb ausgelegten, kippbaren Gießbehälter zum Gießen einer Metallschmelze mit einer induktiven Heizung. Diese umfaßt eine mit einem einstellbaren Abstand, parallel zum Metallspiegel angeordnete, in vertikaler Richtung nachführbare, flache kreisförmige Induktionsspule, durch welche die Schmelze durch direktes Ankoppeln des induzierten elektromagnetischen Wecheselfeldes berührungslos beheizt wird. Da der Wirkungsgrad des induktiven Feldes mit zunehmendem Abstand der Induktionsspule zur Schmelze stark abnimmt, ist der Abstand möglichst gering zu halten. Dazu ist ein Betrieb ohne Abdeckschlacke notwendig, wodurch ein direkter Kontakt zwischen Schmelze und Atmosphäre entsteht.The document EP 0 657 236 A1 describes a batch operation designed for tiltable casting container for casting a molten metal with a inductive heating. This includes one with an adjustable distance, parallel arranged to the metal mirror, traceable in the vertical direction, flat circular induction coil, through which the melt by direct coupling of the induced electromagnetic alternating field without contact is heated. Since the efficiency of the inductive field with increasing Distance of the induction coil to the melt decreases sharply, the distance is possible to keep low. For this purpose, an operation without cover slag is necessary whereby a direct contact between melt and atmosphere arises.

Die beschriebene Vorrichtung ist schon aufgrund der Auslegung als Chargenreaktor für den kontinuierlichen Betrieb eines Verteilergefäßes beim Stranggießen ungeeignet. Außerdem ist ein Betrieb unter Atmosphärenzutritt bei Stahl wegen der sofort einsetzenden physikalischen und chemischen Reaktionen zwischen Stahlschmelze und Atmosphäre nicht möglich.The device described is already due to the design as a batch reactor for the continuous operation of a distribution vessel during continuous casting not suitable. In addition, an operation under atmospheric access is in steel because of the immediate onset of physical and chemical reactions between molten steel and atmosphere not possible.

Beide Vorveröffentlichungen beschreiben nur Vorrichtungen bzw. Verfahren zum Aufheizen der Metallschmelze, wodurch einer Regelung der Schmelzentemperatur enge Grenzen gesetzt sind.Both prior publications describe only devices or methods for heating the molten metal, whereby a control of the melt temperature narrow limits are set.

Ausgehend vom vorgenannten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 genannten Art sowie eine zu dessen Durchführung geeignete Vorrichtung anzugeben, welche unter Vermeidung der beim Stand der Technik bestehenden Nachteile und Schwierigkeiten eine technisch unkomplizierte, flexible und damit wirtschaftlich vorteilhafte Temperaturregelung einer Metallschmelze in einem Verteilergefäß ermöglicht.Based on the aforementioned prior art, the invention has the object based, a method referred to in the preamble of claim 1 Art and to provide a suitable device for its implementation, which while avoiding the existing disadvantages of the prior art and Difficulties a technically uncomplicated, flexible and therefore economical advantageous temperature control of a molten metal in a distribution vessel allows.

Zur Lösung der Aufgabe wird mit der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, daß bei einem Verfahren der im Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 genannten Art zur Regulierung der Schmelzentemperatur die in einem feuerfesten, bodenseitig geschlossenen Formteil aufgenommene Induktionsspule in die Schmelze eingetaucht wird. Die Heizleistung der Vorrichtung, im folgenden auch als Heizstab bezeichnet, wird durch die Stromstärke des die Induktionsspule durchfließenden Stromes geregelt. Die Induktionsspule wird durch ein Kühlfluid, bevorzugt Luft, von innen und/oder außen gekühlt.To solve the problem is proposed with the invention that at a Method of regulation mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 the melt temperature in a refractory, closed at the bottom Molded induction coil is immersed in the melt. The Heating power of the device, hereinafter also referred to as heating element, is regulated by the current intensity of the current flowing through the induction coil. The induction coil is by a cooling fluid, preferably air, from the inside and / or cooled outside.

Dabei sieht das Verfahren vor, daß der Schmelze Wärme durch Wärmeleitung von der Wandung des Formteils übertragen wird, das seinerseits an das induzierte elektromagnetische Wechselfeld ankoppelt.The process provides that the melt heat by heat conduction is transmitted from the wall of the molding, which in turn induced on the coupled electromagnetic alternating field.

Alternativ kann der Schmelze Wärme durch Ankoppeln des elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes zugeführt werden. Auch kann der Schmelze mittels Wärmeleitung durch die Wandung des Formteils Wärme entzogen werden.Alternatively, the melt may heat by coupling the electromagnetic Alternating field are supplied. Also, the melt can by means of heat conduction Heat is removed through the wall of the molding.

Die Erfindung umfaßt weiterhin eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung, wobei das Formteil mit einem induktiv ankoppelbaren, feuerfesten, bodenseitig geschlossenen Rohr ausgebildet ist, das die Induktionsspule austauschbar sowie eine Fluidkühlung, insbesondere Luftkühlung, aufnimmt, in die Schmelze eintauchbar angeordnet ist und am oberen Ende Auslässe zur Durchführung der fluidgekühlten Stromleiter sowie Anschlüsse zum Zu- und Abführen von gegebenenfalls zusätzlichem Kühlfluid aufweist.The invention further includes an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention, wherein the molded part with an inductively coupled, refractory, bottom closed tube is formed, which is the induction coil interchangeable and fluid cooling, in particular air cooling, receives, is immersed in the melt and at the top Outlets for carrying out the fluid-cooled conductors and connections for supplying and removing optionally additional cooling fluid.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachstehenden Erläuterung eines in den Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles. Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following Explanation of a schematically illustrated in the drawings Embodiment.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
Einen Heizstab nach der Erfindung, im Längsschnitt
Figur 2a
den Heizstab in Seitenansicht im Zusammenwirken mit einem Manipulator
Figur 2b
den Heizstab in Seitenansicht mit einem anderen Manipulator
Figur 3a
einen Schnitt in Seitenansicht durch einen Verteiler mit in die Schmelze eingetauchten Heizstäben sowie mit einem Temperaturfühler im Zusammenwirken mit einer Einrichtung zur Regelung der Temperatur der Schmelze
Figur 3b
einen Verteiler gemäß Figur 3a in Draufsicht
Figur 4a
einen Schnitt in Seitenansicht durch einen anders ausgestalteten Verteiler
Figur 4b
eine Anordnung gemäß Figur 4a in Draufsicht
Figur 5a
eine Anordnung im Schnitt durch V-V in Figur 5b bei alternativer Verteilerform mit eingetauchten Heizstäben in Führung mittels eines auf der Gießbühne installierten Ständers
Figur 5b
eine Anordnung gemäß Figur 5a in Draufsicht.
Show it:
FIG. 1
A heating rod according to the invention, in longitudinal section
FIG. 2a
the heating element in side view in cooperation with a manipulator
FIG. 2b
the heating element in side view with another manipulator
FIG. 3a
a section in side view through a manifold with immersed in the melt heating elements and with a temperature sensor in cooperation with a device for controlling the temperature of the melt
FIG. 3b
a distributor according to Figure 3a in plan view
FIG. 4a
a section in side view through a differently designed manifold
FIG. 4b
an arrangement according to Figure 4a in plan view
FIG. 5a
an arrangement in section through VV in Figure 5b in alternative distribution form with immersed heating rods in leadership by means of a stand installed on the casting platform
FIG. 5b
an arrangement according to Figure 5a in plan view.

Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Heizstab 20 zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung umfaßt eine Induktionsspule 1 eines innen mit Fluid 45, 45' gekühlten, stromdurchflossenen Leiters 2 mit einer Anzahl Windungen 3 entlang einer vertikalen Achse y-y mit im Vergleich zur Spulenlänge L relativ kleinem Windungsdurchmesser D in einem feuerfesten Formteil 24. Das Formteil 24 besitzt einen geschlossenen Boden 15 und nimmt unter Ausbildung eines rohrförmigen Hohlraums in Form einer Hülse 24 und Freilassung vertikaler Kühlkanäle 9 die Induktionsspule 1 austauschbar auf. Am oberen Ende sind Auslässe 17 zur Durchführung der innen gekühlten Stromleiter 2 sowie Anschlüsse 18 zum Zuund Abführen von zusätzlichem Kühlfluid und Halteelemente 14 zur Anlenkung von Gestängearmen 23 eines Manipulators 16 vorgesehen.The heater shown in FIG. 1 20 for carrying out the method of the Invention comprises an induction coil 1 of an inside with fluid 45, 45 'cooled, current-carrying conductor 2 with a number of turns 3 along a vertical axis y-y with respect to the coil length L relatively small winding diameter D in a refractory molding 24. The molding 24 has a closed bottom 15 and takes to form a tubular Cavity in the form of a sleeve 24 and release of vertical cooling channels 9 the Induction coil 1 interchangeable. At the upper end are outlets 17 to Implementation of the internally cooled conductor 2 and 18 connections to Zuund Discharge of additional cooling fluid and retaining elements 14 for articulation provided by linkage arms 23 of a manipulator 16.

Die Hülse bzw. Wandung 24 des Heizstabes 20 besteht aus einem an das elektromagnetische Wechselfeld der Induktionsspulen 1 ankoppelbaren Feuerfestmaterial (vgl. z.B. EP 0 526 718 B1). Der Wärmeübergang erfolgt über Wärmeleitung von der Wandung 20 in die Schmelze 10. Zudem kann der Schmelze 10 über eine Veränderung des induzierten Wechselfeldes durch direktes Ankoppeln Wärme zugeführt werden. Aufgrund besonderer Eigenschaften des Hülsenmaterials 24 kann dieses ohne Fremdheizung und ohne Vorhandensein von umgebendem ankoppelbarem Material induktiv geheizt werden.The sleeve or wall 24 of the heating element 20 consists of a to the electromagnetic alternating field of the induction coils 1 coupling refractory material (See, for example, EP 0 526 718 B1). The heat transfer takes place via Heat conduction from the wall 20 in the melt 10. In addition, the Melt 10 via a change of the induced alternating field by direct Coupling heat to be supplied. Due to special properties the sleeve material 24 can this without external heating and without presence be inductively heated by surrounding coupling material.

Fig. 1 zeigt weiter einen Ausschnitt aus einem Verteiler 11 mit darin enthaltener flüssiger Stahlschmelze 10 und einer darauf schwimmenden Schlackenschicht 22. Das Material der Hülse 24 verhält sich gegenüber der Stahlschmelze 10 weitgehend inert, ist jedoch im Bereich der Schlackenschicht 22 mit einem zusätzlichen Schlackenschutzmantel 25 gegen mechanischen und chemischen Verschleiß verstärkt. Der Boden des Verteilers 11 wird von einem Stahlmantel 19 mit einer Feuerfestauskleidung 21 gebildet. Die regelbare Zuführung von Wechselstrom zur Induktionsspule 1 ist symbolisch mit 33 gekennzeichnet.Fig. 1 further shows a section of a manifold 11 with therein contained molten steel melt 10 and a layer of slag floating thereon 22. The material of the sleeve 24 is opposite to the molten steel 10th is largely inert, but is in the slag layer 22 with an additional Slag protection jacket 25 against mechanical and chemical Reinforced wear. The bottom of the distributor 11 is made of a steel jacket 19 formed with a refractory lining 21. The controllable feeder of AC to induction coil 1 is symbolically marked 33.

In den weiteren Figuren 2a, 2b bis 5a, 5b sind jeweils gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugsziffern gekennzeichnet.In the other figures 2a, 2b to 5a, 5b are each identical elements with the same reference numerals.

Figur 2a zeigt den Heizstab 20 mit Schlackenschutzmantel 25 und Medienanschlüssen 18 und 33 in Verbindung mit einem Manipulator 16. FIG. 2a shows the heating element 20 with slag protection jacket 25 and media connections 18 and 33 in conjunction with a manipulator 16.

Der Manipulator 16 umfaßt eine Führungssäule 34 auf einem Stahlgerüst 32 mit einer dreh- und hebbaren Hülse 43 und ist über die Gestängearme 23 mit dem Heizstab 20 gelenkig verbunden. Der Manipulator 16 besitzt zum einen eine Hub- und Senkvorrichtung 26 in Form eines Hydraulikelements, und zum anderen eine hydraulisch betreibbare Vorrichtung 27 zum Schwenken der Gestängearme 23.The manipulator 16 comprises a guide column 34 on a steel frame 32 with a rotatable and liftable sleeve 43 and is on the rod arms 23 with the Heating rod 20 hinged. The manipulator 16 has on the one hand Lifting and lowering device 26 in the form of a hydraulic element, and on the other a hydraulically operable device 27 for pivoting the linkage arms 23rd

Eine alternative Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2b weist eine feststehende Führung 35 auf einem Stahlgerüst 32 auf, die ein zwischen Führungsrollen in vertikaler Richtung bewegliches sowie ebenfalls schwenkbares Tragelement 36 aufnimmt. Die Ziffern 26 und 27 kennzeichnen die erforderlichen Hub- bzw. Senkund Schwenkvorrichtungen.An alternative device according to FIG. 2b has a fixed guide 35 on a steel frame 32 on which a between guide rollers in vertical Direction movable and also pivotable support member 36 receives. The numbers 26 and 27 indicate the required lifting or lowering Manipulators.

Dem in die Schmelze 10 eintauchenden Heizstab 20 bzw. Heizstabgruppen gemäß den Figuren 3 bis 5 ist je ein Temperaturfühler 28 zugeordnet und mit einer Signalleitung 29 einer Recheneinheit 30 aufschaltbar, die über Steuerleitungen 31 die Bewegungsabläufe des Manipulators 16 und die Stromstärke 33 zur Regelung des elektromagnetischen Wechselfeldes nach Maßgabe der Temperaturmeßwerte der Schmelze 10 steuert bzw. regelt. Dies ist in dem entsprechenden Regelschema in Fig. 3a prinzipiell angedeutet. Die Recheneinheit 30 vergleicht die Meßwerte mit den Soll-Wertvorgaben und bei entsprechenden Abweichungen wird die Heizleistung der Heizstäbe 20 gesteuert. Darüber hinaus kann durch die Recheneinheit 30 mit Steuerleitungen 31 die Kühlfluidzufuhr für die Innenkühlung der Stromleiter und die Fluidkühlung der Heizstäbe 20 durch die Kühlfluidzuleitung 39 und den Kühlfluidanschiuß 18 überwacht und angesteuert werden, wodurch den Heizstäben 20 und der Schmelze 10 bei Überhitzung Wärme entzogen werden kann.The immersed in the melt 10 heating rod 20 or Heizstabgruppen according to the figures 3 to 5 is assigned a respective temperature sensor 28 and with a signal line 29 of a computing unit 30 aufschaltbar, via control lines 31, the movements of the manipulator 16 and the current 33rd for controlling the alternating electromagnetic field in accordance with Temperaturmeßwerte the melt 10 controls or regulates. This is in the corresponding Control scheme in Fig. 3a indicated in principle. The arithmetic unit 30 compares the measured values with the nominal value specifications and, if appropriate, with Deviations, the heating power of the heating elements 20 is controlled. Furthermore can by the arithmetic unit 30 with control lines 31, the cooling fluid supply for the internal cooling of the conductors and the fluid cooling of the heating rods 20 monitored by the cooling fluid supply line 39 and the Kühlfluidanschiuß 18 and be controlled, whereby the heating rods 20 and the melt 10 at Overheating heat can be withdrawn.

Fig. 3a zeigt weiter eine langgestreckte Bauart des Verteilers 11 mit einem Zulauf 12 für flüssigen Stahl und einem regelbaren Ablauf 13. Zwischen Zulauf 12 und Ablauf 13 ist wenigstens ein Temperaturfühler 28 angeordnet und über die Signalleitung 29 mit der Recheneinheit verbunden. Zur bevorzugten Strömungsleitung der Metallschmelze ist im Verteiler bzw. Tundish 11 eine Zwischenwand 37 mit durchströmbaren Öffnungen angeordnet, wodurch eine bessere Strömungsverteilung um die Heizstäbe 20 zur gleichmäßigeren Wärmeab- bzw. -zufuhr entsprechend der Draufsicht in Fig. 3b erzielt wird.Fig. 3a further shows an elongated design of the manifold 11 with an inlet 12 for liquid steel and an adjustable drain 13. Between inlet 12 and drain 13, at least one temperature sensor 28 is arranged and over the Signal line 29 connected to the arithmetic unit. To the preferred flow line the molten metal is in the distributor or Tundish 11 an intermediate wall 37 arranged with through-flow openings, creating a better Flow distribution around the heating rods 20 for more uniform heat dissipation. or supply according to the plan view in Fig. 3b is achieved.

In den Fig. 4a und 4b ist eine andere Ausgestaltung des Verteilers 11 mit mittelseitigem Zulauf 12 für die Schmelze und zwei seitlich angeordneten regelbaren Ausläufen 13 dargestellt. Durch die Mehrfachanordnung von einzelnen steuerbaren Heizstäben 20 bzw. Heizstabgruppen und den zugeordneten Temperaturfühlern 28, ist eine noch exaktere Überwachung der Schmelzentemperatur im Verteiler 11 möglich.In Figs. 4a and 4b is another embodiment of the manifold 11 with mittelseitigem Feed 12 for the melt and two laterally arranged controllable Outlets 13 shown. Due to the multiple arrangement of individual controllable heating rods 20 or Heizstabgruppen and the associated temperature sensors 28, is an even more accurate monitoring of the melt temperature in the distributor 11 possible.

In den Fig. 5a und 5b ist eine Ausgestaltung des Verteilers 11 in L-Form dargestellt. Zwischen den Zuläufen 12 und den Abläufen 13 ist zwischen jeweils zwei Temperaturfühlern 28 eine Anordnung von zwei Heizstäben 20 vorgesehen. Diese sind über gelenkig anlenkbare Gestängearme 23 mit dem Manipulator 16 verbunden und damit sowohl in vertikaler als auch in horizontaler Richtung hubund drehbeweglich angeordnet. Der Manipulator 16 ist durch ein Gestell 41 mit der Gießbühne 40 der Stranggießanlage fest verbunden. Die Anordnung zeigt im übrigen, ähnlich wie in den Fig. 2a und 2b, Hub- 26 und Schwenkvorrichtungen 27 zur Positionierung der Heizstäbe 20 innerhalb der Schmelze 10 im Verteiler 11.FIGS. 5a and 5b show an embodiment of the distributor 11 in L-shape. Between the inlets 12 and the drains 13 is between two each Temperature sensors 28 an arrangement of two heating rods 20 is provided. These are articulated articulated link arms 23 with the manipulator 16th connected and thus in both the vertical and in the horizontal direction hubund rotatably arranged. The manipulator 16 is by a frame 41 with the casting platform 40 of the continuous casting firmly connected. The arrangement shows otherwise, similar to FIGS. 2a and 2b, lifting and pivoting devices 27 for positioning the heating rods 20 within the melt 10 in the manifold 11th

Das Verfahren nach der Erfindung und die zu dessen Durchführung ausgebildete Vorrichtung entsprechend den Fig. 1 bis 5 paßt sich optimal den konstruktiven Gegebenheiten entsprechender Verteilerformen und anderer Gießbühnenaufbauten an. Damit ist ein einfaches Nachrüsten bereits bestehender Anlagen mit der Vorrichtung möglich. The method according to the invention and the trained for its implementation Device according to FIGS. 1 to 5 optimally fits the constructive Conditions of corresponding distributor forms and other casting platform assemblies on. This is a simple retrofitting of existing systems possible with the device.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Induktionsspuleinduction coil
22
Leiterladder
33
Windungconvolution
99
Kühlkanälecooling channels
1010
Schmelzemelt
1111
Verteilerdistributor
1212
Zulauf für StahlschmelzeFeed for molten steel
1313
Auslauf für StahlschmelzeSpout for molten steel
1414
Halteelementretaining element
1515
Bodenground
1616
Manipulatormanipulator
1717
Auslaß StromleiterOutlet conductor
1818
Anschluß KühlluftConnection cooling air
1919
Stahlmantel (Verteiler)Steel jacket (distributor)
2020
Heizstabheater
2121
Wandung / FeuerfestauskleidungWall / refractory lining
2222
Schlackenschichtslag layer
2323
Gestängearm / VerstellmittelLinkage arm / adjustment means
2424
Hülseshell
2525
SchlackenschutzmantelSlag protective jacket
2626
Hubmittellifting means
2727
Schwenkmittelpivot means
2828
Temperaturfühlertemperature sensor
2929
Signalleitungsignal line
3030
Recheneinheitcomputer unit
3131
Steuerleitungcontrol line
3232
Stahlgerüststeel scaffolding
3333
Zuführung von WechselstromSupply of alternating current
3434
Führungssäuleguide column
3535
Führung guide
3636
Tragelementsupporting member
3737
Zwischenwandpartition
3838
Kühlluft-PumpenaggregatCooling air-pump unit
3939
Kühlluft-LeitungCooling air conduit
4040
Bühnestage
4141
Gestell ManipulatorRack manipulator
4242
Soll-Wert-EingabeTarget value input
4343
Hülseshell
4444
Armpoor
4545
Kühlfluidcooling fluid

Claims (6)

  1. Method of setting and/or maintaining the temperature of a melt (10), preferably a steel melt, wherein the temperature of the melt (10) in a vessel is measured, the measurement result is compared with a predeterminable temperature range in the form of target values and such an amount of heat is supplied to the melt (10) by electrical induction of an induction coil or is withdrawn from the melt (10) by means of a cooling device that the temperature of the mount lies within the target range, characterised in that for regulation of the melt temperature the induction coil (1), which is received in a refractory shaped member (24) closed at the base, is immersed in the melt (10).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that heat is supplied to the melt (10) directly by coupling of the induced electromagnetic alternating field.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that heat is supplied to the melt (10) from the wall of the shaped part (24), which in turn is coupled to the induced electromagnetic alternating field.
  4. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that heat is withdrawn from the melt (10) by heat conduction or heat transport from the wall of the shaped member (24).
  5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the induction coil (1) is cooled from the inside and/or the outside by a cooling fluid (45), preferably air.
  6. Device for regulating the temperature of a melt (10), preferably a steel melt, comprising an induction coil (1) with a number of windings (3) in a refractory shaped member (24), for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the shaped member (24) is constructed with a refractory tube (20), which can be coupled inductively, is closed at the base and receives the induction coil (1) to be exchangeable as well as a fluid cooling, in particular an air cooling, is arranged to be immersible in the melt (10) and has, at the upper end, outlets (17) for the passage of fluid-cooled current conductors (2) as well as connections (18) for the feed and discharge of optional additional cooling fluid.
EP00901067A 1999-01-13 2000-01-07 Method and device for controlling and/or maintaining the temperature of a melt, preferably of a steel melt during continuous casting Expired - Lifetime EP1140391B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19900915A DE19900915A1 (en) 1999-01-13 1999-01-13 Method and device for setting and / or maintaining the temperature of a melt, preferably a steel melt during continuous casting
DE19900915 1999-01-13
PCT/EP2000/000058 WO2000041829A1 (en) 1999-01-13 2000-01-07 Method and device for controlling and/or maintaining the temperature of a melt, preferably of a steel melt during continuous casting

Publications (2)

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EP1140391A1 EP1140391A1 (en) 2001-10-10
EP1140391B1 true EP1140391B1 (en) 2003-06-18

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EP00901067A Expired - Lifetime EP1140391B1 (en) 1999-01-13 2000-01-07 Method and device for controlling and/or maintaining the temperature of a melt, preferably of a steel melt during continuous casting

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US (1) US6474404B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1140391B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002534271A (en)
KR (1) KR100653556B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1227084C (en)
AT (1) ATE243083T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2106100A (en)
BR (1) BR0007512A (en)
CA (1) CA2359339A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19900915A1 (en)
EA (1) EA003040B1 (en)
MX (1) MXPA01007179A (en)
WO (1) WO2000041829A1 (en)

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DE10035097A1 (en) * 2000-07-17 2002-02-07 Didier Werke Ag Immersion heating element used for changing, maintaining and/or comparing the bath temperature of a molten metal comprises an inner inductor arranged in a refractory casing having a flat cross-section and closed on its base
TW200427972A (en) * 2003-02-20 2004-12-16 Vesuvius Crucible Co Submerged sensor in metallurgical vessel
FR2875513B1 (en) * 2004-09-21 2006-12-08 Electricite De France METHOD FOR PROTECTING A THERMOPLONENGER CERAMIC SHEATH, FOR NON-FERROUS METAL BATH, AND THERMOPLONGER EQUIPPED WITH A DEVICE FOR PROTECTING THE SHEATH
CN103338542A (en) * 2013-07-02 2013-10-02 艾科斯（厦门）精密机械有限公司 Electromagnetic built-in heating device
CN106077598A (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-11-09 重庆大学 A kind of bath temperature adjusting means of aluminium alloy melt insulated pouring room
CN108247030B (en) * 2018-02-08 2020-02-04 上海东震冶金工程技术有限公司 Intelligent continuous casting tundish induction heating control method with self-learning function
CN113319130B (en) * 2021-06-29 2022-03-15 燕山大学 Continuous rolling plate temperature control method and device
JP7005069B1 (en) * 2021-08-19 2022-02-14 株式会社センリョウ Plasma heating device

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DE19752548A1 (en) * 1997-11-27 1999-06-10 Schloemann Siemag Ag Adjusting and maintaining the temperature of a steel melt during continuous casting

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KR20010101431A (en) 2001-11-14
CA2359339A1 (en) 2000-07-20
WO2000041829A1 (en) 2000-07-20
AU2106100A (en) 2000-08-01
EA200100769A1 (en) 2002-04-25
DE19900915A1 (en) 2000-07-20
MXPA01007179A (en) 2005-07-01
US6474404B1 (en) 2002-11-05
EP1140391A1 (en) 2001-10-10
EA003040B1 (en) 2002-12-26
KR100653556B1 (en) 2006-12-04
CN1227084C (en) 2005-11-16
JP2002534271A (en) 2002-10-15
CN1352582A (en) 2002-06-05
DE50002580D1 (en) 2003-07-24
BR0007512A (en) 2001-11-20
ATE243083T1 (en) 2003-07-15

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