EP1137512B1 - Procede pour commander le processus de meulage et commande automatisee pour meuleuse large - Google Patents

Procede pour commander le processus de meulage et commande automatisee pour meuleuse large Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1137512B1
EP1137512B1 EP99957827A EP99957827A EP1137512B1 EP 1137512 B1 EP1137512 B1 EP 1137512B1 EP 99957827 A EP99957827 A EP 99957827A EP 99957827 A EP99957827 A EP 99957827A EP 1137512 B1 EP1137512 B1 EP 1137512B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
thickness
computer control
workpieces
workpiece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP99957827A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1137512A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Busenhart
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Steinemann Technology AG
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Steinemann Technology AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
    • B24B29/005—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents using brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B21/00—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor
    • B24B21/04—Machines or devices using grinding or polishing belts; Accessories therefor for grinding plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/12—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding travelling elongated stock, e.g. strip-shaped work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B7/12—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding travelling elongated stock, e.g. strip-shaped work
    • B24B7/13—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding travelling elongated stock, e.g. strip-shaped work grinding while stock moves from coil to coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
    • B24B7/28—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a computer control and a method for controlling the Grinding process of a wide grinder for flat workpieces, with at least two successive, height-adjustable loop interventions.
  • the second fact recognizes from the fact that in principle water is always water and electricity is always electricity.
  • the material can be wood, glued boards, Plastic, rubber, cork, mineral material, etc.
  • the grinding conditions are in any case different with the other material.
  • the third factor lies in the fact that, according to current knowledge, the automation of a production process in itself no longer presents any difficulties, except in relation to the neuralgic Area of monitoring and sensor means. Without monitoring and sensor means there is no automation, because otherwise given goals of quantity and quality never are reachable.
  • the big problems are just beginning with the sensor means. So that sensors generate and pass on precise information about the local conditions the sensor technology must be connected to the respective product, i.e. Customized wood, plastic, rubber, cork, plaster and other mineral materials etc.
  • Process automation is understood to mean process control or regulation, insofar as it directly influences the goods themselves that are processed or processed is taken.
  • the subject of the present application is Workpieces that are changed using a grinding process.
  • the counterpart to that Process control is the so-called machine control, through which the machine and all modules and components in and on the machine are supplied with power as well as controlled and monitored, with the exception of the workpiece itself
  • Machine control can achieve the highest level of computer technology in terms of expansion contain. Because there is no informational feedback from the workpiece itself, can theoretically the workpiece is almost automatic, but without guarantee for the work result to be edited. So the machine control is blind to the work result, especially for the quality of the result.
  • the process control takes effect in terms of many parameters in the machine control and builds especially on the Machine control on. With a picture is the process control of the vehicle driver, the machine control system the entire vehicle electronics or electronics.
  • EP O 127 760 is a special construction concept the height setting of a machine upper part of a wide grinding machine trained that e.g. Panels that are too thick do not damage the machine result.
  • the goal is achieved by an infinitely height-adjustable, with an adjustable fluid pressure medium and the upper and lower housing part connected load element, which with a spacer the lowered upper housing part and the lower housing part clamped.
  • the problem of thickness deviation solved.
  • the applicant is not aware of that in the past 10 or 15 years in practice the next step, namely an automatic process control could be.
  • the inventors have recognized that real customer benefits only really exists if the overall economy increases can be.
  • the overall economy is improved if, firstly, a given one Throughput as well as the required grinding quality and an optimum service life can be achieved are, without additional energy consumption or large and secondly the process and Investment support even without a disproportionate increase in the qualification of the Operating personnel is possible.
  • Investment costs for a computer control can then be kept low if not tailor-made for each individual system an individual control concept must be developed, but if much more a basic concept can be worked out, that for the vast majority of cases in the same area of expertise are successful through mere specific adjustments can be used.
  • energy consumption there are serious reasons that at the current usual belt speeds, at least in many cases, the optimum is not achieved.
  • chipboard is probably the best known Product.
  • a mixture of wood or wood fiber material is used for the production of chipboard and glue pressed into sheets.
  • a full production line for In addition to the storage of raw and finished goods, chipboard mainly consists of Panel production, a sawmill and the grinding line, which is a central part the whole more or less continuous production line.
  • the older one Multi-day board manufacturing processes can only work with a large thickness tolerance getting produced.
  • the grinding material on the wide grinding machines consists essentially of widths of up to 3 meters Grinding rollers or carrier belts as well as those applied with an adhesive Abrasives.
  • the sanding belts for the wide sanding machines are an endless belt glued.
  • the glue point or the corresponding splice can become independent the type of connection as a so-called chatter mark on the ground plate surface to make noticable. Especially when the ground plate is then covered with a thin foil is coated, no chatter marks may be present.
  • the grinding process is therefore carried out in several steps: as calibration grinding, as a finishing touch and as a shoe finishing touch.
  • the shoe grinding and the calibration grinding can be combined as required.
  • the main task is to fine-tune the surface roughness to improve the calibration grinding.
  • the grinding with the grinding shoe serves especially the eradication of the chatter marks.
  • the majority of particle boards are Semi-finished product, on which further surface refinements are then carried out Need to become.
  • chipboard with a thin film coated For this, the highest demands are placed on the surface quality posed, and also a very high degree of surface flatness, and it becomes a Dimensional accuracy for the plate thickness of ⁇ 1/100 millimeter required. This Claims can only be made with the top and bottom and on both sides of the milling unit acting guide or feed units are guaranteed.
  • Die DE-OS 18 15 858 relates to a belt grinding machine for the grinding of plate-shaped Workpieces with a fine grinding unit for a rough grinding unit Achievement of the desired, exact thickness value of the processed plate follows. To the deviations occurring in such grinding machines from the To counteract desired setpoints, the Thickness of the machined workpieces recorded and depending on these thickness measurements controlled a delivery device assigned to the fine grinding unit.
  • the object of the invention is the pre-trained grinding method in such a way train that deviations from the desired setpoint is counteracted as quickly and particularly effectively, so that even in the event of raw workpieces with large excess thicknesses or strongly fluctuating excess thicknesses at the end of the grinding process, plates with a nominal size are always obtained.
  • the object is achieved in that thickness measurements at least in the area in each case between at least one rough grinding unit and at least one central and / or Fine grinding unit using at least one automatically working Thickness measuring device determined and depending on these thickness measurements at least one infeed device assigned to the rough grinding unit for change the size of the respective grinding gap is controlled.
  • the Grinding unit or grinding units in the sirine of a percentage Grinding gap opening during the processing of the respective Workpiece always created such a real-time correction that not itself temporarily grinding results that otherwise would have to be accepted in the prior art - to deviate from the required target strength Lead plate thicknesses.
  • the invention was based on the object, according to solutions, especially for one to seek meaningful process control that results in real customer benefit.
  • aim the invention was to provide thickness tolerances and surface quality over extended periods Operating times by changing setting parameters even without manual Ensure intervention.
  • Another equally important sub-goal was, if possible long downtimes of the machine and the equipment (grinding material, etc.) without the to achieve previously mentioned quality losses. This through targeted influence and correction of individual functional elements in a work process for General cargo processing and continuous throughput of the individual workpieces at least two successive loop interventions.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that grinding-related Starting recipes provided, an order-related or work item-specific Optimal start recipe selected and the grinding work or the loop intervention is monitored, and based on the monitoring of the work result of the first and subsequent ground workpieces Reference to at least one or more of the following parameters, as a target or Control variable as necessary, repeated, each for the subsequent workpieces be changed as grinding recipe for follow-up work: grinding acceptance after the first Looping engagement (30); Workpiece thickness, the belt speed of the sanding belt, or the grinding roller speed, the grinding pressure, the throughput speed of the workpiece, quality tolerance band (s) and height intervention for the Grinding procedure.
  • grinding-related Starting recipes provided, an order-related or work item-specific Optimal start recipe selected and the grinding work or the loop intervention is monitored, and based on the monitoring of the work result of the first and subsequent ground workpieces Reference to at least one or more of the following parameters, as a target or Control variable as necessary, repeated, each for the subsequent workpieces be changed as grinding recipe for
  • the computer control according to the invention is characterized in that the Computer control has a process controller that process-related recipes can be selected for the automatic start setting of the loop units, wherein a loop intervention monitoring device is arranged, on the basis of which at Deviation via the grinding recipe, if necessary, repeated corrective interventions are feasible and change the grinding recipe after one or more Continuous test pieces for the follow-up work is made.
  • the belt speed to be set so low that the required order for the specific order Grinding quality with sufficient security is still achievable. It should make a distinction whether the highest surface quality is just good enough, or whether lower quality requirements are sufficient. The same applies to the thickness tolerance. This means that the resources have to be used in a more targeted manner. It is it is also conceivable that the equipment will run to the limit under extreme load are required, whereas in the case of only partial utilization of the system, this is done deliberately the equipment can be spared. The obvious consequence is that the service life of the machine, in particular of the abrasives e.g. the sanding belts or grinding rollers are greatly increased and costs can thus be saved. Further the new solution allows a relatively economical management, too if that.
  • the new solution provides the control itself with optimal setting values so that the maximum possible economy is observed.
  • Another important aspect lies in that the new solution is not limited to a single problem solution. Rather, the new method for controlling the grinding process, or the new one Computer control open in the most important points. It becomes a basic framework provided that figuratively speaking both in depth and in height and width is expandable. The new solution can be used in a variety of operating situations adapt and expand as required.
  • the control preferably has a computer control with a multi-size controller for target sizes, with at least two the following target values can be defined: sanding belt speed or sanding roller speed, Grinding pressure, grinding acceptance, motor power consumption (s), Tolerance ranges of the surface quality as the finish, the grinding quality as the structure of the Surface and thickness dimensions.
  • the target variables are particularly preferred in function of the overall economy, the quality of the end product and the Tool life optimization, especially with regard to the abrasives and the wide grinder and their components selected.
  • the introduction of Different parameters as target sizes has the enormous advantage that important Parameters can be formulated as a wish.
  • the priority goal remains e.g. a tolerance band for the plate thickness as well as the surface quality.
  • An important point is not only the direct possibility of intervention of the human being, but above all the recycling, if necessary ongoing registration of sensory control and test results via the human sensory systems.
  • Another important advantage of the new solution is that that in addition to any expansion of the hardware and software for the Control side and also on the machine side and in relation to the sensors etc. none Restriction for additions and further developments as well as networking with other computers exist.
  • One or more drive motors can be speed-controlled trained and e.g. an automatic regulation of the thickness dimension be provided.
  • the thickness measurement can be mechanical, even better via electronic means or via a laser measuring means.
  • For engine power consumption and the grinding pressure can be known components from the trade use.
  • Significant advantages can already be achieved with the four parameters of the new solution.
  • the missing automatically working sensor means can be recorded and monitored by the surveillance personnel as in the prior art the values are entered and saved for later use of the computer control become. Such a procedure allows full automation in stages realize what is mostly the more economical way.
  • a decisive advantage The new solution is that the so-called setting up the machine for one new order is carried out by the process controller or at least supported.
  • the height-adjustable ones Grinding units as at least one adjustable calibration unit and at least an adjustable fine grinding unit and the monitoring device as a thickness measuring or thickness monitoring device-trained and after the calibration unit arranged.
  • Wide grinding machine e.g. for clamping plates.
  • a first machine setting is made, will be the same the main grinding work or the calibration grinding was carried out on a sample plate Grinding result after the first grinding intervention or calibration grinding by means of thickness measurement checked.
  • the following plates are also changed Edited specifications.
  • the informative value an exact measurement is best after the calibration grinding, because in consequently not only a guarantee for an exact thickness dimension after the fine sanding exists, but also the best possible surface quality can be achieved. you evaluates the very specific work result on the specific workpiece and can optimize the quality promotion for the subsequent finishing.
  • the process controller as a multi-size controller train with two or more signal inputs of corresponding sensors, in particular sensors for the height adjustment of thickness sensors, sensors for the Surface quality of the workpieces, for the motor power consumption (s), Throughput speed of the workpieces, as well as the workpiece inlet and workpiece outlet and the belt speed (s).
  • the multi-size controller has that Function to monitor several parameters simultaneously and to correct them if necessary. This results in a spatial figure with several boundary walls the number of parameters.
  • the boundary walls can e.g. in extreme cases a stop if there is a risk that an important parameter except Koritroll device, or the immediate implementation of a correction program. It can almost be excluded that several parameters simultaneously have a critical value accept.
  • the starting recipe should be at least the basic information for the raw workpiece the composition of the Raw material e.g. Thickness, hardness, hardness of the surface, layer structure and type of Raw materials such as wood, plastic, rubber, mineral etc.
  • the starting recipe at least has one or more of the following editing parameters: the height settings the grinding heads or the stand, power consumption of one or more Drive motors, the throughput speed of the workpieces, the belt speed, the life of the sanding belt, or the condition of the sanding belt, the type of sanding belt, Grinding pressure, torque, grinding shoe heating.
  • the recipe specifications as well as Prescription corrections saved, be it for later evaluation or use.
  • the starting formula should have at least two or more thickness tolerance registers, especially for a coarse tolerance and a fine tolerance, furthermore an input option for freely definable tolerance range (s).
  • a tolerance value on the safe side or the the largest possible, still permissible thickness for the starting recipe can be selected so that this and, if necessary, 2 to 3 following plates with excess thickness in a later one Pass can be reground to the tolerance desired by the customer.
  • the system can have a thickness measuring and monitoring device the calibration unit or the first calibration unit and a thickness measuring and Have monitoring device after the last fine grinding unit.
  • the workpiece feed direction are in the area of the two side edges of the workpieces preferably at least one thickness measuring device or one thickness monitoring device is arranged.
  • a test formulation as a starting formulation when processing a new grinding job for the first time
  • grinding recipes which is optionally based on a previous same grinding job or can be selected based on a starting recipe or a test recipe. The The number of start and grinding recipes depends on the corresponding number different processing orders.
  • machining settings Manual input devices provided. These are single, preferably adjustable via corresponding manual actuators. If necessary in the Recipe can be registered. Appropriate manual actuators are at least one or several of the following parameters can be selected: height adjustment of the grinding heads or the machine stand, grinding acceptance of the grinding units, feed of the workpieces, Sanding belt speed, condition of the sanding belt, sanding pressure, torque, Sanding pad warming. This not only has the advantage of being on the move Hand more optimal values can be determined, but that in the event of a malfunction at least simple grinding work even without automatism with human Control can be carried out. All important parameters, both the machine parameters like the process parameters should be visualized.
  • Either Individual manipulated variables can be corrected manually using the computer keyboard or on site with appropriate feedback to the computer and the visualization.
  • the other changeable parameters in automatic mode are via a if necessary adaptable grinding recipe or corresponding programs can be controlled: via the visualization should the current values in relation to target sizes, on request or in critical situations are automatically displayed: in particular grinding pressure, Grinding acceptance, motor power consumption, thickness and surface tolerances, Sanding belt speed, speed of the workpieces, also pictures from the Schleifstrasse e.g. Loading of the grinding line, stacking, suction, also trend pictures, especially when approaching important target or limit values.
  • the new solution is primarily based on the model of the classic control. This means that appropriate intervention points the respective values are controlled by the computer as setpoint specifications and remain unchanged until a new control command comes. However, this does not end that individual selected or multiple parameters via subordinate control devices are controllable via corresponding setpoint specifications: Height adjustment the grinding heads or the machine stand, grinding acceptance, workpiece feed, Sanding belt speed, sanding pressure. Such a local regulation can be very be advantageous if better within a certain tolerance band Values are achievable. However, the regulation may only be within the scope and depending on the Computer control or the multi-size controller take place, otherwise the overpredged Objective of overall economy is lost.
  • the classic regulator works according to a strict target / actual value comparison.
  • the multi-size controller takes hold mostly based on completely different criteria.
  • a higher-level parameter can be the Total electricity consumption in peak consumption. It can be interesting at this time be to use electricity consumption as the main criterion.
  • the new solution allows a very high degree of automation and the provision of any data. This allows for plate-like workpiece and quality coding e.g. on one Attach the side edge of the plate with a code printer.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows the key points of the new solution.
  • a calibration unit 1 and a fine grinding unit 2 are shown.
  • a workpiece 3 is shown as a flat plate 3 that is ground from above only on one side.
  • the plate 3 has a raw thickness Dr before the grinding engagement, a thickness D K after the first or calibration grinding and a thickness D F after the fine grinding.
  • the difference in thickness between Dr and D K is, for example, 0.4 mm, which corresponds to a grinding decrease of 0.4 mm.
  • the grinding decrease in fine sanding is in the range of a few hundredths of a millimeter.
  • a thickness measuring and / or thickness monitoring device 4 is drawn as a loop intervention monitoring device, which is described in greater detail with FIGS. 5, 6a and 6b.
  • the plate thickness D K is determined via two sensing rollers 5 and 6 and the corresponding signal Ds is forwarded via a data bus 7.
  • the calibration unit 1 and the grinding unit 2 are mounted in a stand of the wide grinding machine S TM , symbolized with a thick line.
  • H P represents a height position signal generator by means of which the desired grinding acceptance can be determined.
  • the workpiece or the plate 3 is guided several times so that the desired grinding accuracy can be achieved at all.
  • Corresponding single or double guide rollers 8, 9 and drive rollers 10, which are mounted in the machine, ensure the precise conveying of the workpieces through the grinding line, according to arrow 11 in FIG. 1 from left to right.
  • the throughput speed of the plate 3 is determined by speed sensors V PS .
  • the grinding belt speed V KBS the drive motor current A K and A F in the fine grinding unit are shown in FIG.
  • the height position of the abrasives can be done in several ways, as mentioned above over the entire machine stand or, for example, via eccentric adjustment means of each of the grinding heads or on the calibrating grinding head Hks and on the fine grinding head FHs.
  • the signals mentioned can be made available via the data bus 7 to the control and control level, which consists of the three primary components: the machine control PLC 12, a recipe memory 13, an order and recipe input 14, and a multi-size controller 15.
  • Figure 2 is used only to illustrate the recipe control. Are for simplicity only a few parameters are listed. Belt speed as well Height settings are manipulated variables, whereas the decrease in grinding, the thickness and the approximate engine performance are target values, which are not with plate 1 be reached. A recipe correction is made for plate 2, the Recipe correction intervenes in both the manipulated variables and the target variables. It will made a better proposal, so to speak. The actual values of plate 2 are good. In order to is continued with the same recipe specifications for the following plates. Not shown is a tolerance band for the target values grinding decrease l, thickness after l, suprae engine power l, which is also specified. Arises in relation to the tolerance band is a deviation outside the specified tolerance corrected the prescription again.
  • FIG 3 shows a schematic representation of a control and management scheme Reason for the new solution.
  • the actual machine control requires many interventions, also for safety reasons, sensor signals such as local temperatures, Motor currents, position signals, e.g. the height positioning of the machine stand or of a single grinding head. At least part of these sensor values are equally important for process control. Especially quality values can can be captured even better and more economically today by people themselves.
  • the new solution therefore provides that the results of the examination by the human sensors also in the recipe management and for the specifications can be saved. This also includes rapid tests with blue or black chalk, which provides valuable information about the surface, e.g. if so-called chatter marks are available.
  • Man is therefore in the middle of the Set management level, where the administration and monitoring is also located.
  • On Part of the monitoring is the visualization Visu on screens 14 '.
  • the visualization has one particularly with the quality monitoring important function. Certain trends can be positive or negative be followed. This can also be done with appropriate program design are automatically displayed if any intervention may be necessary.
  • the visualization allows the operating personnel to intervene earlier than before and change recipes. Especially when it comes to existing systems automate, it can make sense to do this step by step.
  • STAG is the previous control input 20 denotes. This can remain with the Restriction that commands can also be entered from another place, especially from Multi-size controllers 15 are possible.
  • the concept can also be in a Transitional phase should be provided as a double tax system for emergencies.
  • a data interface 21 can upstream and downstream investment sectors, for example Panel production, sawmill, transport system etc., for the exchange of information be used.
  • This means that the various investment sectors in the final phase are not only electronically networked, but that overall surveillance anywhere can be provided. It can be used as a whole plate factory Production line can be automatically controlled by the process.
  • All important information including the system status can be immediately viewed represent.
  • the visualization image for the entire grinding line is designated by 22.
  • the electrical and electronic connections are from the machine control to the machine parts indicated at 23.
  • 24 are the data lines to the Measuring devices and sensors in the area of the machine.
  • 25 is the controller sensor for the feed (VPs), 27 for the adjustment device for the height positioning of the Machine stand, 28 the height positioning of the individual grinding heads and 26 for the motor currents.
  • QMs is the possibility of manual entry of values designated especially by quality values.
  • Figures 4a to 4d show some examples of visualizations.
  • About one Menu tree (Figure 4a) can determine the desired drawing files and immediately on the Screen 14 'are brought for the visualization ( Figure 3).
  • From the Machine overview images (FIGS. 4b-4d) show that this is a Grinding line with first calibration grinding 30, second calibration grinding 31, fine grinding 32 and grinding shoe grinding 33.
  • the corresponding grinding heads are part of the Machine 1 or part of machine 2, each with an independent height adjustment 34 or 35 have.
  • Upstream of machine 1 are feed tables 36, downstream of the machine 2 discharge tables 37, which together with the Grinding machines represent an entire grinding line.
  • FIGS. 5, 6a and 6b show a thickness measuring and monitoring device 4, FIG. 5, viewed in the transport direction.
  • the two stable supports 41, 42 are connected via supports 43, 43 'and supported downwards.
  • the start, passage and end of a plate can be determined with a further flow sensor 44.
  • the sensing rollers 5 and 6 are pressed onto the workpiece 3 by the measuring heads with a certain force via corresponding pneumatic cylinders.
  • the exact thickness of the workpiece 3 can be continuously determined from the fixed dimension A D and the varying dimension Ax using position sensors (not shown) and used accordingly for process control.
  • FIG. 7 shows three photographs of the respective surface structure after grinding with different abrasive materials or fineness of abrasives P 40, P 100 and P 180.
  • Rz means an average roughness depth
  • RK a core roughness depth
  • Rpk and Rvk derived values Analogous are in the FIG. 8 shows corresponding photographic recordings for the roughness.
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b only show an example of a specific embodiment of a wide grinding machine with two grinding heads 50, 50 'and 51, 51' for grinding workpieces on both sides.
  • the machine consists of an upper stand 52 and a lower stand 53.
  • the height of the upper stand is adjusted via controllable spindles 54.
  • Each grinding head has its own drive motor 55, which in the.
  • the speed can preferably be regulated in order to be able to vary the speed of the grinding belts in this way.
  • the width of the machine is indicated with B x , which can be from one meter to over three meters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Procédé pour commander le processus de meulage large de pièces plates (3) comprenant au moins deux unités de meulage disposées l'une derrière l'autre qui sont réglables en hauteur, caractérisé en ce que des recettes initiales liées au processus de meulage sont fournies, en ce qu'une recette initiale optimale liée à la commande ou spécifique au poste de travail est choisie et en ce que le travail de meulage ou l'opération de meulage est surveillée, et en ce que la surveillance du résultat du travail des premières pièces et des pièces meulées suivantes permet de modifier, respectivement pour les pièces suivantes, les recettes initiales optimales imposées autant qu'il est nécessaire et de manière répétée, pour ce qui est au moins d'un ou de plusieurs des paramètres suivants pris pour grandeurs cibles ou grandeurs de réglage, de manière à obtenir une recette de meulage pour le travail suivant : réception du meulage après la première opération de meulage (30) ; épaisseur de la pièce, vitesse de la bande de meulage ou vitesse du rouleau de meulage, pression de meulage, vitesse de défilement de la pièce, plage(s) de tolérances de qualité et hauteur de l'unité de meulage.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la commande comporte une commande automatisée (12) dotée d'un contrôleur à variables multiples (15) pour grandeurs cibles, au moins deux des grandeurs cibles suivantes pouvant être en l'occurrence déterminées : vitesse de la bande, vitesse du rouleau de meulage, pression de meulage, réception du meulage, consommation du moteur, plages de tolérance de la qualité de surface en tant que finition, qualité de meulage en tant que structure de la surface et épaisseurs.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les grandeurs cibles peuvent être choisies en fonction de la rentabilité globale, en particulier de la qualité du produit fini, ainsi qu'en fonction de l'optimisation de la durée d'utilisation en particulier des moyens de meulage ainsi que de la machine de meulage large et de ses composants, et peuvent être corrigées au besoin par l'intervention directe de l'homme.
  4. Commande automatisée pour le meulage large de pièces plates (3) à l'aide d'au moins deux unités de meulage disposées l'une derrière l'autre qui sont réglables en hauteur, caractérisée en ce que la commande automatisée (12) comporte un contrôleur de processus (15), en ce que des recettes initiales liées au processus peuvent être choisies pour le réglage initial automatique des unités de meulage (1, 2), un équipement de surveillance des unités de meulage étant prévu pour procéder le cas échéant et de manière répétée, en cas d'écart, à des opérations de correction par le biais de la recette de meulage et modifier la recette de meulage après le passage d'une ou plusieurs éprouvettes pour le travail suivant.
  5. Commande automatisée selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une unité de meulage réglable est réalisée en tant qu'unité de calibrage (1).
  6. Commande automatisée selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une unité de meulage (1, 2) réglable et l'équipement de surveillance sont réalisés en tant qu'équipement de mesure ou de surveillance de l'épaisseur et disposés en aval de l'unité de calibrage (1).
  7. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le contrôleur de processus (15) est réalisé en tant que contrôleur à variables multiples et comporte deux ou plus de deux entrées de signaux de capteurs correspondants, notamment de capteurs d'épaisseur, de capteurs de la qualité de surface des pièces (3), de la consommation du moteur, de la vitesse de défilement des pièces, de l'entrée et de la sortie des pièces, de la vitesse de la bande ou de la vitesse du rouleau de meulage et de la tolérance de qualité, en outre des entrées pour les valeurs saisies par l'homme lui-même telles que les mesures de la surface, de la qualité et de l'épaisseur et pour la tolérance de qualité.
  8. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la recette initiale contient au moins l'information de base relative à la pièce brute (3), la composition de la matière brute telle que l'épaisseur, la dureté, la dureté de la surface, la structure des couches et le type de matière brute tel que le bois, le plastique, le caoutchouc, le minéral, etc. et l'épaisseur brute de la plaque, en outre au moins les paramètres de base pour le produit meulé, notamment la qualité de surface en tant que finition, la qualité du meulage en tant que structure, l'épaisseur de la plaque ainsi que la tolérance d'épaisseur.
  9. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisée en ce que la recette initiale contient au moins l'un ou plus d'un des paramètres d'usinage suivants, consommation d'un ou de plus d'un moteur d'entraínement, vitesse de défilement des pièces (3), vitesse de la bande, vitesse du rouleau de meulage, durée d'utilisation de la bande de meulage ou état de la bande de meulage, type de bande de meulage, pression de meulage, couple, chauffage du patin de meulage, meulage croisé.
  10. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens de surveillance du défilement (4), notamment pour enregistrer le début du meulage ou l'entré de la plaque ainsi que la fin du meulage ou la sortie de la plaque lorsqu'il s'agit de pièces individuelles (3) ou, en cas d'usinage d'un matériau sans fin ou de plaques mises bout à bout, les signaux des capteurs correspondants.
  11. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la recette initiale contient au moins deux ou plus de deux registres de tolérance d'épaisseur, notamment pour une tolérance approximative et une tolérance précise, en outre une possibilité d'entrée de plages de tolérances à définir ou à modifier librement.
  12. Commande automatisée pour meulage large selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que les moyens automatisés (12) permettent de choisir pour la première plaque (3) d'un poste de meulage une valeur de tolérance du côté sûr ou la plus grande épaisseur possible encore autorisée pour la recette initiale de manière à ce que ces plaques (3) présentant une surépaisseur puissent être meulées à nouveau à la tolérance souhaitée par le client lors dune opération ultérieure.
  13. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 12, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un équipement de mesure et de surveillance de l'épaisseur placé en amont de l'unité de calibrage ou de la première unité de calibrage ainsi qu'un équipement de mesure et de surveillance de l'épaisseur (4) et/ou une unité de contrôle de la précision de la surface et la structure placés en aval de l'unité de meulage de précision ou en aval de la dernière unité de meulage de précision (2).
  14. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 13, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens de retour de plaques meulées (3) permettant un nouveau meulage, les moyens de retour pouvant recevoir non seulement des pièces meulées de manière calibrée, mais aussi des pièces meulées avec précision.
  15. Commande automatisée selon la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que plusieurs types de recettes peuvent être mémorisées, notamment a) des recettes initiales pouvant être optimisées au fur et à mesure, par exemple en se fondant sur la dernière commande de meulage identique passée ou des recettes de démarrage ; b) une recette d'essai prise pour recette initiale lors du premier usinage d'une nouvelle commande de meulage, ou des recettes de démarrage ; c) des recettes de meulage qui peuvent être choisies à la suite d'une commande de meulage passée identique ou à la suite d'une recette initiale ou d'une recette d'essai.
  16. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 4 à 15, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un ou plus d'un équipement de mesure ou de surveillance de l'épaisseur (4) sont respectivement disposés dans le sens d'avancement des pièces dans la zone des deux bords latéraux des pièces (3).
  17. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu des équipements de saisie manuelle (14) pour entrer les paramètres d'usinage de base, qui peuvent être réglés individuellement, de préférence par le biais d'éléments de réglage manuel correspondants, et peuvent être enregistrés au besoin dans la recette (13), au moins un ou plus d'un des paramètres suivants pouvant être en l'occurren choisis par le biais des éléments de réglage individuel correspondants, réception du meulage des unités de meulage, avancement des pièces, vitesse de la bande de meulage, vitesse du rouleau de meulage, état de la bande de meulage ou du rouleau de meulage, pression de meulage, couple, chauffage du patin de meulage.
  18. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisée en ce que tous les paramètres importants, non seulement les paramètres de la machine, mais aussi les paramètres du processus, peuvent être visualisés, différentes grandeurs de réglage pouvant être en l'occurrence corrigées manuellement par le biais du clavier d'entrée du calculateur (20) ou sur place, avec information en retour correspondante à l'ordinateur et au système de visualisation (22), les autres paramètres modifiables pouvant être en l'occurrence modulés en mode automatique par le biais d'une recette de meulage le cas échéant adaptable ou de programmes correspondants.
  19. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisée en ce que le système de visualisation affiche les valeurs temporaires en rapport avec les grandeurs cibles : en particulier la pression de meulage, la réception du meulage, la consommation du moteur, les tolérances d'épaisseur et de surface, la vitesse de la bande de meulage, la vitesse du rouleau de meulage, la vitesse de défilement des pièces, en outre des images de la piste de meulage, par exemple chargement de la piste de meulage, empilage, aspiration, en outre des images de tendance, en particulier à l'approche de valeurs cibles ou limites importantes.
  20. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19, caractérisée en ce que l'un ou plus d'un des paramètres suivants peuvent être contrôlés par le biais d'équipements de régulation auxiliaires, réception du meulage, avancement des pièces, vitesse de la bande de meulage, pression de meulage.
  21. Commande automatisée selon l'une des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisée en ce qu'un code de pièce et de qualité peut être apposé sur l'un des bords latéraux des plaques par le biais d'une imprimante de codes lorsque les pièces (3) sont des plaques conformément aux paramètres d'usinage et de meulage.
EP99957827A 1998-12-11 1999-12-10 Procede pour commander le processus de meulage et commande automatisee pour meuleuse large Expired - Lifetime EP1137512B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH246498 1998-12-11
CH246498 1998-12-11
PCT/CH1999/000597 WO2000035628A1 (fr) 1998-12-11 1999-12-10 Procede pour commander le processus de meulage et commande automatisee pour meuleuse large

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EP1137512B1 true EP1137512B1 (fr) 2003-04-23

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US7160173B2 (en) 2002-04-03 2007-01-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive articles and methods for the manufacture and use of same
US7089081B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2006-08-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Modeling an abrasive process to achieve controlled material removal
DE102007048544A1 (de) * 2007-10-09 2009-04-16 Paul Ernst Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Schleifen von Werkstücken
ITTV20090092A1 (it) * 2009-05-13 2010-11-14 Valmec Sas Di Rossi Claudia & C Levigatrice-spazzolatrice per profili in legno.
DE102012011288A1 (de) 2012-06-08 2013-12-12 Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe Verfahren der Herstellung von Schleifbändern
CN103707003B (zh) * 2012-09-29 2017-03-15 宁波江丰电子材料股份有限公司 钨钛合金板的加工方法
JP6310260B2 (ja) 2014-01-20 2018-04-11 株式会社荏原製作所 基板処理装置内の複数の処理ユニットを調整するための調整装置、および該調整装置を備えた基板処理装置
DE102016116622A1 (de) 2016-09-06 2018-03-08 Steinemann Technology Ag Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Schleifprozesses
DE102017110950B4 (de) * 2017-05-19 2022-12-22 Karl Heesemann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Schleifmaschine zum Schleifen einer Oberfläche eines Objektes
CN110153820B (zh) * 2018-01-15 2020-12-22 日照金泰机械制造有限公司 一种高效导轨专用磨床及磨削方法
DE102019107694A1 (de) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-01 Homag Bohrsysteme Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Maschine
IT201900015228A1 (it) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-01 Scm Group Spa Macchina levigatrice con sistema di sicurezza contro l’eiezione di pannelli.
DE102020119149A1 (de) 2020-07-21 2022-01-27 Karl Heesemann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren zum Schleifen einer Oberfläche eines Werkstückes und Vorrichtung dazu
DE102020125687A1 (de) * 2020-10-01 2022-04-07 Homag Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Oberfläche
CN113478350B (zh) * 2021-08-10 2022-11-15 重庆力劲机械有限公司 一种具有学习功能的智能化铸件打磨设备
EP4163056A1 (fr) * 2021-10-06 2023-04-12 ARKU Maschinenbau GmbH Dispositif et procédé de fourniture d'une proposition de réglage optimal d'une machine à travailler la tôle

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WO2000035628A1 (fr) 2000-06-22
DE19915909A1 (de) 2000-06-21
AU1544400A (en) 2000-07-03
EP1137512A1 (fr) 2001-10-04
DE19915909C2 (de) 2003-05-28
ATE238135T1 (de) 2003-05-15
DE59905238D1 (de) 2003-05-28

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