EP1135301B1 - Mehrteiliger verschlussstopfen mit kontrollierter durchlässigkeit - Google Patents

Mehrteiliger verschlussstopfen mit kontrollierter durchlässigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1135301B1
EP1135301B1 EP99958243A EP99958243A EP1135301B1 EP 1135301 B1 EP1135301 B1 EP 1135301B1 EP 99958243 A EP99958243 A EP 99958243A EP 99958243 A EP99958243 A EP 99958243A EP 1135301 B1 EP1135301 B1 EP 1135301B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stopper
face
elastomer
cavity
stopper according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99958243A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1135301A1 (de
Inventor
François LITOUX-DESRUE
Philippe Poitevin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cortex SAS
Original Assignee
Preteux Bourgeois Ets Ste
Cortex SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Preteux Bourgeois Ets Ste, Cortex SAS filed Critical Preteux Bourgeois Ets Ste
Publication of EP1135301A1 publication Critical patent/EP1135301A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1135301B1 publication Critical patent/EP1135301B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D39/00—Closures arranged within necks or pouring openings or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D39/00—Closures arranged within necks or pouring openings or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers
    • B65D39/0005—Closures arranged within necks or pouring openings or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers made in one piece
    • B65D39/0011—Closures arranged within necks or pouring openings or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers made in one piece from natural or synthetic cork, e.g. for wine bottles or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
    • B65D51/005—Closures provided with linings or internal coatings so as to avoid contact of the closure with the contents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2539/00—Details relating to closures arranged within necks or pouring openings or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers
    • B65D2539/001—Details of closures arranged within necks or pouring opening or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers
    • B65D2539/008—Details of closures arranged within necks or pouring opening or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers with coatings or coverings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a composite cap with controlled permeability for corking bottles, in particular wine bottles, comprising a body of a compressible material such as cork, provided at least at its end facing the contents of the bottle to butcher of complementary means forming joint.
  • the additional means forming a seal may consist of sheets, films, coatings, discs, etc., made of synthetic material, rubber, elastomer, for example silicone elastomer, covering at minus the entire end face of the stopper facing the content of the bottle to be closed.
  • cork in wine corking is linked to the exceptional qualities of this material, namely almost rot-proof, compressibility, elastic return, sealing, ease of machining from the raw oak bark. -cork, the ability to allow possible gas exchanges, good behavior over time, etc.
  • cork is also the source of certain organoleptic deviations due to an interaction with wine.
  • the cork stopper is sometimes incapable of ensuring total liquid tightness at the cork-glass interface, where the well-known phenomenon known as "pouring bottle”.
  • the corking of a bottle includes a radial compression operation of the cork, with a diameter of 24 mm for a cork for still wine and 31 mm for a cork for sparkling wine, with a diameter of 15.5 mm, in jaws, the compressed stopper is then pressed into the neck of the bottle where it expands to the inside diameter of the neck, namely 19 mm for a still wine and 17 mm for a sparkling wine.
  • this complementary means which first comes into contact with the end of the neck and is stressed to the point of being damaged.
  • the material of these complementary means has a high coefficient of friction compared to the glass of the bottle neck, unlike the cork of conventional stoppers which are also often treated to improve sliding.
  • the present invention relates to a composite stopper remedying both the drawbacks of the usual corks made entirely of cork and the drawbacks of the composite stopper according to the above-mentioned prior patents.
  • the composite stopper, object of the invention, for corking the neck of bottles, in particular of wine bottles, comprises a body of a compressible material such as cork provided at least at its end facing the content of the bottle of means complementary forming joint.
  • the seal means consist of an element of a substantially incompressible elastomer, filling almost completely a cavity of circular section formed in a concentric position in at least one end face of the cap body so that a crown of the face of end of the plug body remains around said cavity, said cavity having a volume such that said element, under the effect of the compression to which the plug body is subjected during plugging, elastically deforms in front of said face end, after capping, so as to establish after capping, in front of said end face of the cap body, a tight seal which covers all of said end face and is in contact with the inside face of the neck of the bottle , thus achieving a total seal against the liquid contained in the bottle.
  • the substantially incompressible elastomer element filling the cavity of the end face does not cover the entire end face of the stopper, but instead leaves a crown of cork between its edge outside and the outside edge of the end face.
  • This cork wreath allows the bottling operation to take place in the usual way, without modification.
  • the relaxation time of the elastomers used being greater than 1 second and the interval between the compression of the corks and the insertion of the corks, on the usual bottling machines, being generally less than 1 second, the elastomer has no time to completely deform, in response to compression of the cap body, before the cap is inserted into the bottle neck. So this is the outer edge of the crown of cork which, when the cap is pushed in, comes into contact with the top of the neck of the bottle, so that the conditions for sliding the cork into the neck are the same as with cork stoppers.
  • closure operation is in no way modified by the presence of the elastomer element on the stopper according to the invention.
  • the volume (diameter and depth) of the cavity filled with elastomer is variable, in particular according to the degree of compression of the cork body which varies according to the type of wine to be corked.
  • the depth of the cavity corresponds to at least 1 mm at the most hollow of the cavity, before compression.
  • the elastomer element is shaped so as to leave remaining, before compression of the plug body, on the end face of the latter, a crown with a (radial) width of at least 1 mm.
  • Said cavity may for example have a substantially cylindrical shape, but it may preferably have a divergent shape, that is to say a diameter increasing from the bottom towards its outlet.
  • the elastomer constituting the element filling said cavity may preferably be a silicone elastomer, of food grade.
  • the elastomer element is formed by molding and crosslinking before it is placed in the cavity, but can also be produced by molding and crosslinking of the raw elastomer in the cavity of the stopper body.
  • the elastomer can be constituted by an elastomer permeable to small gas molecules such as H 2 , N 2 , O 2 , CO 2 , but impermeable to large molecules such as molecules with aromatic cycles including those responsible "corky taste".
  • small gas molecules such as H 2 , N 2 , O 2 , CO 2
  • the seal formed by the elastomer element does not in any way alter the exchange of gases with small molecules, letting the cork of the cap body alone ensure its role in controlling the usual gas exchange.
  • a stopper 1 intended for corking a bottle containing sparkling wine, for example champagne comprises a stopper body 2 made of natural or agglomerated cork, or a mixture of the two, in the form of a cylinder or a parallelepiped rectangle with rounded edges, having two plane and parallel end faces.
  • a circular cavity 3 in the form of a bowl or cap, the edge of the cavity 3 being spaced from the edge of the corresponding end face so that a crown 4 of the flat end face of the stopper body remains around the cavity 3.
  • the cavity 3 is filled with a substantially incompressible elastomer 5, for example a silicone elastomer, and this flush with the face of end in the example shown.
  • FIG. 2 represents the stopper 1 of FIG. 1 after being inserted into a bottle neck 6.
  • the cork stopper 1 is subjected in the usual manner, over the part of its length intended to be pressed into the bottle neck 6 , a radial compression which reduces its diameter from 31 to 15.5 mm. This radial compression is followed, in less than 1 second, by the insertion of the compressed part of the stopper 1 into the neck of the bottle 6.
  • the elastomer element 5 which is not compressible undergoes, after a relaxation time of approximately 1 second, therefore after pressing the stopper 1 into the bottle neck 6 and re-expansion to the inside diameter of the neck (17 mm) in front of the end face in which the elastomeric element 5 is arranged, so that the element 5 adopts, inside the neck of the bottle 6, the shape illustrated in FIG. 2, projecting radially outward on the crown 4 until it touches the inner face of the neck 6, thereby establishing a tight seal over the entire end face of the plug 1.
  • the insertion of the stopper 1 into the bottle neck 6 is not modified with respect to the insertion of an entirely cork stopper, insofar as where, during insertion, only the cork of the stopper 1 comes into contact with the glass of the neck 6.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a stopper 11 for still wine, comprising a cork stopper body 12 which comprises, in each end face, a cavity 13a, 13b in the form of a cap or bowl.
  • Each cavity 13a, 13b is circular in shape and is formed concentrically in the corresponding end face so as to leave around it a crown 14a, 14b of cork in the plane of the end face.
  • Each cavity 13a, 13b is filled with a substantially incompressible elastomer constituting, in the example illustrated, an element 15a, 15b with a convex outer face.
  • the cap 11 of Figure 3 is pressed into a bottle neck 16 after a radial compression of the cap 11 which reduces the diameter of the latter from 24 to 15.5 mm.
  • This radial compression that the cork of the cap body 12 undergoes by elastic compression causes, after a relaxation time of approximately 1 second, an axial deformation of the non-compressible elements 15a, 15b, these two elements 15a, 15b thus adopting the illustrated form. in FIG.
  • each element 15a, 15b undergoing, in front of the corresponding end face of the plug body 12 re-expanded to the inside diameter of the neck (17 mm), a radial expansion until it comes into contact with the glass of the neck 16 of the bottle and here constitute a seal tight to the liquid contained in the bottle.
  • the second seal created by the element 15b at the free end of the neck 16 protects the cork of the plug body 12 against any mold, attack of worms, etc., coming from the outside.
  • a circular shaped cavity whatever its shape, can be machined directly in the end face of the plug body.
  • a cylindrical cavity it is possible, for example in the case a plug body made up of several washers, to hollow out (casing) the last washer and to stick it on the remaining part of the plug body.
  • this technique can also be used for a cavity of a shape other than cylindrical.
  • the elastomer element can be produced, for example, by molding and crosslinking of "raw" elastomer directly in the cavity, but can also be molded and crosslinked separately to be attached and fixed, for example by gluing or clipping in the cavity.
  • the cavity at the point of its outlet, can occupy almost the entire end face of the cap body, but the element allows to remain here, before radial compression of the plug, a crown 4 of width (radial) of at least 1 mm.
  • this crown 4 may have a width of between approximately 1 and 2 mm on a still wine stopper of 24 mm in diameter and a width of between approximately 3 and 7 mm on a sparkling wine stopper of 31 mm of diameter.
  • the cavity 23 formed concentrically in an end face of the body 22 of a stopper 21, leaving an outer crown 24 of said end face, has a diameter increasing from the bottom towards the outlet of the cavity, so that the cavity has a "trumpet" profile.
  • this cavity has flanks which are convex instead of being concave as in the previous examples.
  • the cavity 23 has, on its bottom, an annular groove 27 which increases its depth.
  • the elastomer element 25 preformed by molding has an outer part 28 in the form of an annular bead which projects after the element 25 has been placed in the cavity 23, at least partly on the end face of the plug body 21 , the central part 29 of the outer face of the elastomer element 25, set back relative to this bead 28, being substantially at the level of the end face (crown 24) of the plug body (front compression of the latter).
  • the element 25 is here fixed to the plug body 22 only at the location of the annular rib 30 which it has projecting on its bottom to come to fit into the groove 27 of the cavity 23.
  • the element 25 has here, at the place of its part embedded in the cavity 23, therefore subjected to elastic deformation in response to the radial compression of the plug body 22, a smaller diameter than in the previous examples, corresponding about 50%, or even less, of the diameter of the stopper body before compression, depending on the degree of compression of the stopper.
  • the (axial) thickness of the element 25, at the place of its embedded part is greater, being able to be equal to at least 3 mm, for example, for a still wine stopper of 24 mm diameter or for a sparkling wine stopper 31 mm in diameter.
  • the elastomer used according to the invention defined as being “substantially incompressible”, is an elastomer which deforms elastically without substantially reducing its volume when it is compressed.
  • the reduction in volume of the elastomer is advantageously less than 15%, preferably less than 10%.
  • the silicone elastomers vulcanizable under heat for example polydimethyl / vinylmethylsiloxane (VMQ), of food quality, capable of be shaped by molding and having a hardness between about 35 and 70 Shore A. Conclusive tests have been performed, for example with a platinum catalyzed EVC, hardness 60 Shore A, reference S 60 i 59 X, from the company VERNERET in LA MOTHE-AUX-AULNAIES, F-89120CHARNY.
  • silicone elastomers which are permeable to small gas molecules
  • These rubbers have the particularity of being perfectly impermeable, even to small molecules of gas.
  • the corks equipped with elements forming seals made of such rubbers, can be used more particularly for wines to be consumed quickly, that is to say wines which do not have to undergo aging for the purpose of their improvement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Mehrteiliger Verschlussstopfen zum Verschließen von Flaschenhälsen, insbesondere von Weinflaschen, bestehend aus einem Körper aus einem zusammenpressbaren Werkstoff wie beispielsweise Kork, der zumindest an seinem dem Inhalt der zu verschließenden Flasche zugewandten Ende mit komplementären, dichtungsbildenden Mitteln versehen ist,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass diese Mittel von einem Element (5, 15, 25) aus einem im wesentlichen nicht zusammenpressbaren Elastomer gebildet werden, das praktisch vollständig einen Hohlraum (3, 13, 23) mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt ausfüllt, welcher konzentrisch in mindestens einer Endseite des Verschlussstopfenkörpers (2, 12, 22) ausgeführt ist, so dass um diesen Hohlraum herum ein Kranz (4, 14, 24) der Endseite des Verschlussstopfenkörpers stehen bleibt, wobei dieser Hohlraum ein Volumen dergestalt aufweist, dass dieses Element sich unter der Einwirkung des Zusammenpressens des Verschlussstopfenkörpers beim Verschließen vor der genannten Endseite dergestalt elastisch verformt, dass es nach dem Verschließen vor der genannten Endseite des Verschlussstopfenkörpers eine dichte Dichtung bildet, die diese gesamte Endseite überdeckt und sich in Kontakt mit der Innenseite des Flaschenhalses befindet.
  2. Verschlussstopfen nach Anspruch 1,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass die Tiefe dieses Hohlraums (3, 13, 23) an der tiefsten Stelle des Hohlraums mindestens 1 mm beträgt.
  3. Verschlussstopfen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass das Element (5, 15, 25) aus Elastomer dergestalt geformt ist, dass es vor dem Zusammenpressen des Verschlussstopfenkörpers an der Endseite dieses Verschlussstopfenkörpers einen Kranz (4, 14, 24) mit einer (radialen) Breite von mindestens 1 mm stehen lässt.
  4. Verschlussstopfen nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass das genannte Elastomer ein Silikon-Elastomer ist
  5. Verschlussstopfen nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass dieses Elastomer ein Elastomer ist, das für kleine Gasmoleküle wie H2, N2, O2, CO2 durchlässig und für große Moleküle wie die Moleküle mit aromatischen Ringen undurchlässig ist.
  6. Verschlussstopfen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass dieses Elastomer- Element (5, 15, 25) geformt und vernetzt wird, bevor es in den genannten Hohlraum gesteckt und darin befestigt wird.
  7. Verschlussstopfen nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass dieses Elastomer- Element (25) einen Abschnitt (28) in der Form eines ringförmigen Wulstes enthält, der über die genannte Endseite (24) des Verschlussstopfenkörpers hinausragt, bevor dieser zusammengepresst wird.
  8. Verschlussstopfen nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass dieser Hohlraum (23) eine divergierende Form mit konvexen Seiten aufweist.
  9. Verschlussstopfen nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass das Elastomer- Element (5, 15, 25) an dem Verschlussstopfenkörper nur am Boden des Hohlraums (3, 13, 23) befestigt ist.
  10. Verschlussstopfen nach Anspruch 9,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       dass das Elastomer- Element (25) an seinem Boden eine ringförmige Rippe (27) aufweist und dass der Hohlraum (23) an seinem Boden eine ringförmige Auskehlung (30) aufweist, in der diese Rippe eingesteckt und befestigt ist.
EP99958243A 1998-12-04 1999-12-03 Mehrteiliger verschlussstopfen mit kontrollierter durchlässigkeit Expired - Lifetime EP1135301B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9815351 1998-12-04
FR9815351A FR2786753B1 (fr) 1998-12-04 1998-12-04 Bouchon composite a permeabilite controlee
PCT/FR1999/003014 WO2000034140A1 (fr) 1998-12-04 1999-12-03 Bouchon composite a permeabilite controlee

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1135301A1 EP1135301A1 (de) 2001-09-26
EP1135301B1 true EP1135301B1 (de) 2004-03-31

Family

ID=9533604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99958243A Expired - Lifetime EP1135301B1 (de) 1998-12-04 1999-12-03 Mehrteiliger verschlussstopfen mit kontrollierter durchlässigkeit

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US6601722B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1135301B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1117013C (de)
AR (1) AR021868A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE263072T1 (de)
AU (1) AU759563B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69916102T2 (de)
DZ (1) DZ2956A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2219084T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2786753B1 (de)
HK (1) HK1040386B (de)
MA (1) MA25774A1 (de)
PT (1) PT1135301E (de)
TN (1) TNSN99226A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2000034140A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200104615B (de)

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NZ529774A (en) * 2001-07-04 2004-10-29 Procork Pty Ltd Container stopper
US7533781B1 (en) * 2002-05-21 2009-05-19 James Spooner Extraction facilitating cork closure
EP1375371A1 (de) * 2002-06-25 2004-01-02 Compagnie du Baou Zusammengesetzter Pfropfen mit verstärkter Dichtung
AU2002368212A1 (en) * 2002-09-16 2004-04-30 Amorim Cork Italia S.P.A. Closing stopper for containers
US9415904B1 (en) 2003-05-13 2016-08-16 James E. Spooner Extraction facilitating cork closure
FR2855999B1 (fr) 2003-06-13 2006-04-07 Philippe Allasio Procede pour la realisation d'un bouchon et bouchon obtenu
US20050247662A1 (en) * 2004-05-04 2005-11-10 Esmond Brendy B Closable containers
FR2871087B1 (fr) * 2004-06-07 2007-01-05 Barange Fabrique De Bouchons S Procede de fabrication d'un element comprenant au moins du liege, notamment d'un bouchon, et element obtenu par un tel procede
PT103591B (pt) 2006-10-17 2010-03-23 Inst Superior Tecnico Processo de produção de corpos cilíndricos de material compósito de cortiça, destinados à produção de rolhas para vinhos de pressão, bem como as rolhas produzidas por este processo
US8011522B2 (en) * 2007-03-22 2011-09-06 EPOLI—Espumas de polietileno SA Synthetic closure with multiple internal layers, each layer having a variable cross section (VCS) along the closure length
US20090039052A1 (en) * 2007-08-06 2009-02-12 Antonio Martin Galvez-Ramos Plastic cap protector for bottle corks
CA2699217C (en) * 2007-09-11 2012-07-24 Nomacorc Llc Closure/stopper with multi-layer film affixed thereto
US8714383B2 (en) * 2011-08-19 2014-05-06 Corson Family Enterprises, Llc Compound bung for wine and spirits barrels
US8807363B1 (en) * 2013-05-19 2014-08-19 James R. Gilliam Wine cork having molded anti-taint barrier tip
FR3124497B1 (fr) * 2021-06-24 2024-03-08 Diam Bouchage Bouchon présentant un contrôle de la perméabilité aux gaz et procédé de fabrication correspondant
CN113682633B (zh) * 2021-08-27 2022-10-28 芜湖集拓橡胶技术有限公司 一种低硬度低散发的三元乙丙橡胶密封件

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR021868A1 (es) 2002-08-07
HK1040386B (zh) 2003-11-28
FR2786753A1 (fr) 2000-06-09
FR2786753B1 (fr) 2001-01-19
DZ2956A1 (fr) 2004-03-15
ZA200104615B (en) 2002-01-16
AU759563B2 (en) 2003-04-17
CN1117013C (zh) 2003-08-06
TNSN99226A1 (fr) 2001-12-31
ES2219084T3 (es) 2004-11-16
US6601722B1 (en) 2003-08-05
DE69916102T2 (de) 2004-11-18
HK1040386A1 (en) 2002-06-07
PT1135301E (pt) 2004-08-31
EP1135301A1 (de) 2001-09-26
MA25774A1 (fr) 2003-07-01
ATE263072T1 (de) 2004-04-15
AU1565500A (en) 2000-06-26
CN1328517A (zh) 2001-12-26
WO2000034140A1 (fr) 2000-06-15
DE69916102D1 (de) 2004-05-06

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