EP1130259A2 - Coating applied by electric arc welding for a compressor swash plate - Google Patents

Coating applied by electric arc welding for a compressor swash plate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1130259A2
EP1130259A2 EP01104209A EP01104209A EP1130259A2 EP 1130259 A2 EP1130259 A2 EP 1130259A2 EP 01104209 A EP01104209 A EP 01104209A EP 01104209 A EP01104209 A EP 01104209A EP 1130259 A2 EP1130259 A2 EP 1130259A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
swash plate
coating
shoes
sliding contact
metal material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01104209A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manabu K.K.Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Sugiura
Kazuaki K.K.Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Iwama
Naohiko K.K.Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Isomura
Shigeki K.K.Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Kawachi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Industries Corp
Original Assignee
Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK
Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK, Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Ltd filed Critical Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho KK
Publication of EP1130259A2 publication Critical patent/EP1130259A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1036—Component parts, details, e.g. sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/1054—Actuating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/12—Coating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a swash plate, which is used in a swash plate compressor that constitutes the refrigerating cycle of an air conditioner, for example, and is connected to a piston via a shoe. More particularly, the present invention relates to a coating forming method in which a metal material coating is formed on a surface of the swash plate slidably in contact with shoes.
  • the lubrication between a swash plate and shoes that constitute the inner structure of a swash plate compressor is carried out by a mist of lubricating oil which is retained internally, is turned into mist by the gas (for example, refrigerant gas such as chlorofluorocarbon gas) that circulates while a compressor is in operation and is distributed to the sliding portions between the swash plate and the shoes.
  • the gas for example, refrigerant gas such as chlorofluorocarbon gas
  • the flame spraying method has excellent versatility as a metal coating forming method for the processed surface of a metal work, but it also has many problems such as in that the working environment is deteriorated in the field as well as the required working processes, time and cost are increased, as described above.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide: a coating forming method for a swash plate of a swash plate compressor, which not only has an excellent versatility as a forming method of a metal material coating on the sliding contact surface of a swash plate, with shoes, but also is able to maintain a proper working condition in the working field and to effectively reduce the required working processes, time and cost; and a swash plate having a coating formed by the present coating forming method on the sliding contact surface of a swash plate, with shoes.
  • the first aspect of the present invention is a coating forming method for a swash plate of a swash plate compressor, wherein a welding padding method is used to form the coating on the swash plate, which is used in a swash plate compressor, is connected to pistons via shoes and has a coating of metal material on the sliding contact surface thereof, with the shoes.
  • a coating is formed by directly padding the fused metal material onto the sliding contact surface of a swash plate, therefore, a large noise that is produced when the metal material is sprayed in a method such as a flame spraying method can be avoided and the degradation of yield of materials due to the powered metal material scattered around during spraying and the deterioration of working environment can be also avoided.
  • the second aspect of the present invention provides a method in that the welding padding method in the first aspect of the present invention is a padding method using an electric arc welding.
  • the third aspect of the present invention includes a swash plate having a coating formed, on the sliding contact surface of a swash plate, with the shoes, by the coating forming method described in the first or the second aspect.
  • the swash plate compressor comprises a cylinder block 1, a front housing 2 coupled to the front end of the cylinder block 1, and a rear housing 4 coupled to the rear end of the cylinder block 1 via a valve forming body 3, and all these parts are fixingly connected to each other, constituting the housing of the compressor.
  • a crank chamber 5 In the housing, a crank chamber 5, a suction chamber 6, and a discharge chamber 7 are defined. Plural cylinder bores la (only one is shown) are formed in the cylinder block 1 and a single-headed piston 8 is housed in each bore la, allowed a reciprocating motion.
  • the suction chamber 6 and the discharge chamber 7 are selectively communicated with each bore la through various flapper valves equipped in the valve forming body 3.
  • a drive shaft 9 is rotatably supported and a swash plate 10 is housed as a cam plate.
  • An insertion hole 10a penetrates through the center of the swash plate 10 and the drive shaft 9 is inserted through the insertion hole 10a.
  • the swash plate 10 is operatively connected to the drive shaft 9 via a hinge device 13 and a lug plate 11, and able to rotate synchronously with the drive shaft 9 and to move and incline against the drive shaft 9 with a sliding motion in the axial direction of the drive shaft 9.
  • the swash plate 10 is biased in the direction to come close to the cylinder block 1 (the direction to reduce an inclination angle of the swash plate) by an inclination angle reducing spring 14.
  • the minimum inclination angle ⁇ min of the swash plate 10 (to 3 to 5°, for example), however, is limited by a circlip 15 and so on which is fixed on the drive shaft 9 and restricts the inclination of the swash plate 10 to the direction in which the inclination angle decreases.
  • the maximum inclination angle ⁇ max of the swash plate is limited, for example, by a counterweighted portion 10b of the swash plate 10 which comes into contact with a limiting portion 11a of the lug plate 11.
  • the inclination angle of the swash plate 10 is determined by the interactive balance between various moments such as the moment of the rotational motion based on the centrifugal force when the swash plate rotates, the moment of the spring force based on the biasing effect of the inclination angle reducing spring 14, the moment of the inertia force of the reciprocating motion of the pistons 8, the moment of the gas pressure, and so on.
  • the moment of the gas pressure is produced by the interactive relation between the internal pressure of the cylinder bore la and the internal pressure of the crank chamber 5 (crank pressure Pc), which is the back pressure of the piston 8, and applied to both directions in which the inclination angle decreases and increases according to the crank pressure Pc.
  • the moment of the gas pressure can be changed appropriately by adjusting the crank pressure Pc using a control valve 16, which is not described here in detail, and the inclination angle of the swash plate 10 can be adjusted to any angle ⁇ between the minimum inclination angle ⁇ min and the maximum inclination angle ⁇ max.
  • annular sliding contact surfaces 30A and 30B are formed respectively at the front side and the rear side of the circumferential part of the swash plate 10.
  • the annular sliding contact surfaces 30A and 30B at the front and rear sides slidably contact with a pair of shoes, 20A and 20B, respectively.
  • a relatively heavy iron-base material (cast iron such as FCD700, for example) is used for the swash plate 10 in order to appropriately produce the moment of the rotational motion based on the centrifugal force when the swash plate rotates.
  • an iron-base material (bearing steels, for example) is also used for the shoes 20A and 20B in consideration of the mechanical strength thereof, and so on.
  • coatings 31A and 31B are formed at least on the sliding contact surfaces 30A and 30B of the swash plate 10, as shown in FIG.2, as sliding layers to improve the quality of sliding contact with the shoes 20A and 20B.
  • Each coating 31A and 31B is made of a metal material other than the iron-base material that constitutes the base metal of the swash plate 10 and the shoes 20A and 20B.
  • the metal materials that constitute the coatings 31A and 31B include, for example, an aluminum alloy that contains silicon and a metallic compound of aluminum and silicon (both are referred to as "Al-Si-base metal material” hereinafter). Physical properties such as the hardness or the melting point of an Al-Si-base metal material, as an aluminum-base material, differ variously according to the silicon content of the material.
  • the silicon content of the Al-Si-base metal material to be used here is 10 ⁇ 20% by weight (about 17% by weight is preferable).
  • the coatings 31A and 31B made of the above-mentioned Al-Si-base metal material, the burning due to the "friction phenomenon of the same metals" can be avoided and at the same time the quality of sliding contact between the swash plate 10 and the shoes 20A and 20B is improved. That is, by forming the coatings 31A and 31B, lubrication to a certain extent is ensured between the swash plate 10 and the shoes 20A and 20B even under oilless conditions.
  • the iron-base material used for the swash plate 10 and the shoes 20A and 20B has a very high hardness and a relatively high melting point temperature of a thousand °C or more
  • the Al-Si-base metal material that constitutes the coatings 31A and 32B has a relatively lower hardness than the iron-base material and a melting point temperature of 600 ⁇ 700°C, which is lower than that of the iron-base material. It is unquestionably true that the difference in physical properties of the Al-Si-base metal material against the iron-base material contributes to the improvement of the quality of sliding contact between the swash plate 10 and the shoes 20A and 20B.
  • FIG.3 shows a coating forming device exemplarily.
  • the coating forming device comprises a rotating support mechanism 51 (indicated pictorially by an alternate long and two short line) and a shielded metal-arc welding means.
  • the rotating support mechanism 51 is operatively connected to a motor M and the supported swash plate 10 is rotated at a low speed (e.g. 1 ⁇ 10rpm), based on the drive force of the motor M, around the axial line L.
  • a low speed e.g. 1 ⁇ 10rpm
  • the annular sliding contact surface 30B is a plane that circumscribes the axial line L and is perpendicular to the axial line L.
  • the shielded metal-arc welding means comprises a welding rod 52 and a welding power source 53 that impresses voltage between the welding rod 52 and the swash plate 10.
  • the welding rod 52 comprises a core wire 52a, which is made of the Al-Si-base metal material, and a flux (coating) 52b, which is applied on the circumferential surface of the core wire 52a.
  • the welding rod 52 is supported by an elevating support mechanism 54 (indicated pictorially by an alternate long and two short line) and at the same time the elevating support mechanism 54 is operatively connected to an elevating means 55.
  • the welding rod 52 In a situation where the welding rod 52 is set on the elevating support mechanism 54, the welding rod 52 is placed at an eccentric position with respect to the axial line L of the swash plate 10 set on the rotating support mechanism 51, opposing a part of the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate thereover.
  • the elevating support mechanism 54 is lifted or lowered together with the supported welding rod 52 in the vertical direction in the figure by the movement of the elevating means 55, therefore, the welding rod 52 moves near to or away from a part of the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate.
  • the welding power source 53 is activated at the same time that the welding rod 52 is lowered to (brought near to) a part of the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate by the elevating means 55, an arc is generated between the welding rod 52 and the swash plate 10.
  • the heat of arc causes a part of the metal material of the welding rod 52 (core wire 52a) to melt and drop on the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate (that is the surface is padded with melted metal).
  • the metal material of the welding rod 52 that has dropped on the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate is melted with the metal material of the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate that has also been melted by the heat of the arc.
  • the rotating support mechanism 51 rotates together with the swash plate 10 by the operation of the motor M, and the position of the welding rod 52, which opposes a part of the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate (that is the place on which the melted metal material of the welding rod 52 drops), changes continuously and in turn in the circumferential direction of the annular sliding contact surface 30B.
  • the melted metal material of the welding rod 52 drops on the entire circumference of the annular sliding contact surface 30B (padding) is completed in one time and the coating 31B made of Al-Si-base metal material is formed, the thickness of which (e.g. 70 ⁇ 100 ⁇ m) is the total of the required thickness (e.g. 50 ⁇ m) plus the thickness with cutting margin (e.g. 20 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m) for post processing on the entire circumference of the annular sliding contact surface 30B.
  • the thickness of which e.g. 70 ⁇ 100 ⁇ m
  • the thickness with cutting margin e.g. 20 ⁇ 50 ⁇ m
  • the motor M and the welding power source 53 are turned off and the welding rod 52, together with the elevating support mechanism 54, is lifted (separated) from the sliding contact surface 30B of a swash plate.
  • the required thickness of the coating 31B is adjusted by cutting or polishing, as post processing, the coating formed by the above-mentioned welding padding method. Moreover, the coating 31A made of the Al-Si-base metal material is formed also on the sliding contact surface 30A at the front side of the swash plate 10 in the same procedure mentioned above.
  • a coating made of the metal material, which is formed on the sliding contact surface with the shoes is used to improve the quality of sliding contact with the shoes in the coating forming methods described in the first or the second aspect or in the swash plate in the third aspect of the present invention.
  • the method of the present invention has not only an excellent versatility as a forming art of a metal material coating on the sliding contact surface of a swash plate, with the shoes, but also an excellent effect that enables the maintenance of a proper working environment in the field and an effective reduction in working processes, time, and cost.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
EP01104209A 2000-02-29 2001-02-22 Coating applied by electric arc welding for a compressor swash plate Withdrawn EP1130259A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2000053513 2000-02-29
JP2000053513A JP2001239363A (ja) 2000-02-29 2000-02-29 斜板式圧縮機の斜板における皮膜形成方法及び斜板

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1130259A2 true EP1130259A2 (en) 2001-09-05

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ID=18574889

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01104209A Withdrawn EP1130259A2 (en) 2000-02-29 2001-02-22 Coating applied by electric arc welding for a compressor swash plate

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20010017079A1 (ja)
EP (1) EP1130259A2 (ja)
JP (1) JP2001239363A (ja)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060285981A1 (en) * 2005-06-21 2006-12-21 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Swash ring compressor with spherical bearing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001239363A (ja) 2001-09-04
US20010017079A1 (en) 2001-08-30

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