EP1124094A1 - Refractory ceramic tile and associated wall construction for a furnace - Google Patents

Refractory ceramic tile and associated wall construction for a furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1124094A1
EP1124094A1 EP01101412A EP01101412A EP1124094A1 EP 1124094 A1 EP1124094 A1 EP 1124094A1 EP 01101412 A EP01101412 A EP 01101412A EP 01101412 A EP01101412 A EP 01101412A EP 1124094 A1 EP1124094 A1 EP 1124094A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
wall structure
plates
furnace wall
structure according
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP01101412A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1124094B1 (en
Inventor
Bruno Wilhelmi
Klaus Eichler
Herbert Kinne
Markus Horn
Max Köpf
Alfred Frey
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Didier Werke AG
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Didier Werke AG
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Publication of EP1124094A1 publication Critical patent/EP1124094A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05002—Means for accommodate thermal expansion of the wall liner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
    • F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/141—Anchors therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/14—Supports for linings
    • F27D1/145—Assembling elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0018—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
    • F27D2009/0032—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes integrated with refractories in a panel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refractory ceramic plate and an associated wall structure for one Incinerator, for example a Incinerator.
  • the wall structure includes a (mostly metallic) Furnace wall in which a plurality of tubes are spaced are arranged to each other, which are in operation by a Fluid, mostly water, are flowed through.
  • Anchors are attached to the furnace wall, which are essentially protrude vertically from the furnace wall and one Reinforcement function in one against the furnace wall ceramic mass to which the furnace interior connect fireproof ceramic plates.
  • Both the refractory panels and the ones behind arranged mass should have good thermal conductivity have heat from the furnace interior to the fluid to flow through pipes.
  • the heated fluid will for steam and / or electricity generation or for Heating purposes used as secondary energy.
  • the known wall arrangement meets these requirements.
  • the object of the invention is a possibility to show how a wall structure of the type mentioned in terms of its heat conduction to different Purpose can be customized.
  • the Wall structure Changes in length of the panels with changing Withstand temperature stress without any problems.
  • the oven room Adjacent plates are laid "floating". Your Fastening and alignment with one another takes place via the anchors.
  • the anchors are not flush corresponding recesses in the plates, rather is one around the corresponding sections of the anchors deformable, heat-resistant filling provided that the Compensation for changes in length under temperature load serves. The same applies to those in the joint areas arranged heat-resistant, deformable Leveling layers.
  • the distance between the plates and the Furnace wall can be set arbitrarily. In this way can the heat flow from the furnace to the pipes of the Set the furnace wall.
  • the distance of the plates to the furnace wall can alternatively or cumulatively also via spacers be defined as an integral part of the Plates can be formed.
  • the attachment of the plates to the anchors is special simple and allows easy and quick assembly as well as interchangeability.
  • the plate can extend any of its recesses have a blind hole, which the inclusion of a for example angled free anchor end is used.
  • the blind hole can be essentially parallel to the Main surfaces of the plate and therefore essentially run parallel to the furnace wall. That way you can the panels can be easily mounted parallel to the furnace wall.
  • the recesses can be completely in the range of one Main surface of the plate. It is also possible to design the recesses so that they are Continue in the edge area of the plate. This Embodiment is shown in the following Description of the figures explained in more detail.
  • the panels can then be placed on the side angled anchor ends and - depending on geometric design of the anchors - vertically into the final location will be postponed.
  • a deformable compensation layer can be arranged between corresponding edge areas of adjacent plates.
  • a Embodiment of the plate provides this Provide a leveling layer already on the plate.
  • one Main surfaces can, for example, in this way two adjacent edge areas of the plate are pre-assembled.
  • the compensation layer can be made of a fiber material consist, for example, an insulation strip on the corresponding edge area (s) of the plate is (are) stuck on.
  • the joint area between adjacent panels can be filled with a compressed fiber layer after they have been laid.
  • a fiber mat or a fiber strip the thickness of which is above the joint width, can first be moistened and then (more easily) compressed so that it can be inserted into the joint (the gap). After or during drying, the fiber layer presses itself into the joint by expansion (due to the restoring forces of the fibers) and seals it.
  • the bulk density of the fiber layer can be increased to 2 to 3 times the original bulk density (eg 35-70 kg / m 3 ) during compression.
  • Crystalline fibers are particularly suitable, for example those based on aluminum oxide (for example 95% by weight Al 2 O 3 , 5% by weight SiO 2 ).
  • the cutouts in the plates can also be filled with fiber material in the same way. This joint formation can be implemented regardless of the above-mentioned applications.
  • the assembly can be further simplified and the assembly time be shortened when using anchors, the two Have arms that are in recesses of adjacent plates inlay. This way, with a single Anchor two anchor points, one each neighboring plates can be provided. This too will continue in the following description of the figures explained.
  • the plates can consist of a material based on silicon carbide and / or aluminum oxide, for example with the addition of Cr 2 O 3 . Both have good thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and slag resistance.
  • the heat flow from the furnace to the tubes of the furnace wall can be adjusted via the material of the plates and their heat conduction.
  • the heat-resistant filling in the area of Cutouts can be made of a ceramic mass or fiber materials consist. Ceramic materials for this purpose can those based on silicon carbide, vermiculite, corundum and / or bauxite and are known as such (e.g. CARSITECT 170V from DIDIER-WERKE AG, Wiesbaden).
  • Figure 2 shows a plate 10 with two rectangular Main surfaces 10.1, 10.2, plan two side surfaces Edge areas 10.3, 10.4 and two graded upper and lower edge areas 10.5, 10.6.
  • the recesses 12.1, 12.2 and associated blind holes 14 serve to accommodate anchors that are related with the following description of Figure 1 in more detail to be discribed:
  • Figure 1 shows a wall structure, here for one Incinerator.
  • the wall structure comprises an oven wall 30 with a large number, parallel to each other arranged, through which water can flow 32 on both sides via the between adjacent tubes 32 protruding furnace wall sections 30.1.
  • each two arms 16.1, 16.2 have and substantially perpendicular to the furnace wall 30 run.
  • the free ends 16e of the armature arms 16.1, 16.2 are angled in opposite directions and reach into the cutouts 12.1, 12.2 explained with reference to FIG or with their free ends 16e in the associated blind holes 14 of the plates 10 a.
  • the remaining area of the recesses 12.1, 12.2 is with a heat deformable, heat resistant Filling 15, here a ceramic mass based Silicon carbide, filled, in which the anchor 16 with their Insert ends 16e.
  • a plate 10 is opened corresponding anchor arms 16.1, 16.2 held and aligned.
  • Several plates 10 are next to each other and assembled on top of each other to create a closed one Wall surface with flat parallel surface 10o for Form furnace interior 18 out. Stand there adjacent plates 10 at a short distance from each other, with the formation of appropriate joints 34 by a deformable, compressed insulation strips 36 ceramic fiber material are filled.
  • the arrangement of the plates 10 is between the Panel wall and the furnace wall 30 a cavity 38 trained who with a refractory casting compound Base aluminum oxide is filled and the Anchor arms 16.1, 16.2 covered.
  • the plates 10 and the mass located in the cavity 38 40 have good thermal conductivity and Corrosion resistance to aggressive gases.
  • the distance between the rear sides 10.1 of the plates 10 and the furnace wall 30 can extend the length of the armature 16 can be set. Alternatively or cumulatively, the Distance can also be set using spacers dotted in Figures 1 and 2 and with 10n Marked are.
  • the spacers 10n are here materially from the furnace wall 30 facing Molded surface of the plates 10 and lie against corresponding pipes 32.
  • Edge areas 10.5, 10.6 of the plates should be flat. Any other geometry of the plates is also 10 possible.
  • FIG. 10 Another formation of panels 10 and joints 34 between plates 10 shows Figure 4.
  • Corresponding Surface sections 10.5, 10.6 of plates 10 are here formed in the manner of a tongue and groove connection, namely with tongue 10.5f or groove 10.6n in the area between corresponding main areas 10.1, 10.2.
  • the End face 10.5s of the spring 10.5f and the base 10.6b of the Groove 10.6n are with groove-like depressions 10.5v, 10.6v formed, which is a ceramic sealing cord 36d, while the remaining joint area 34 with a ceramic fiber material or an elastic ceramic putty 36 is filled in as above described.
  • This joint formation is independent of Possible scope described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

A refractory ceramic plate and an accompanying wall structure for an incinerator, such as a garbage incinerator. The refractory ceramic plate has at least two recesses arranged on a main surface of the plate, wherein a blind hole runs from each recess to the interior of the plate. The wall structure features a furnace wall, in which numerous pipes spaced apart from each other, through which a fluid can flow, are arranged. Anchors are secured to sections of the furnace wall with one end, and project essentially perpendicularly from the furnace wall. A hollow space is formed between the furnace wall and the refractory ceramic plates spaced parallel apart from the furnace wall. Joints are formed between boundary regions of the refractory ceramic plates on main surfaces thereof, facing the furnace wall. The anchors lie in the joints, with free ends embedded in a heat-resistant filling. A heat-resistant, deformable compensating layer is provided in the joint area between adjacent plates. A refractory compound fills the hollow space between the furnace wall and the refractory ceramic plates, and covers sections of the anchors running into the hollow space.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine feuerfeste keramische Platte sowie einen zugehörigen Wandaufbau für einen Verbrennungsofen, beispielsweise eine Müllverbrennungsanlage.The invention relates to a refractory ceramic plate and an associated wall structure for one Incinerator, for example a Incinerator.

Die DE 44 20 294 C2 beschreibt einen grundsätzlichen Wandaufbau für einen solchen Abfallverbrennungsofen.DE 44 20 294 C2 describes a basic one Wall structure for such a waste incinerator.

Danach umfaßt der Wandaufbau eine (meist metallische) Ofenwand, in der eine Vielzahl von Rohren beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind, die im Betrieb von einem Fluid, meist Wasser, durchströmt werden.Then the wall structure includes a (mostly metallic) Furnace wall in which a plurality of tubes are spaced are arranged to each other, which are in operation by a Fluid, mostly water, are flowed through.

An der Ofenwand sind Anker befestigt, die im wesentlichen senkrecht von der Ofenwand abstehen und eine Armierungsfunktion in einer an der Ofenwand anliegenden keramischen Masse erfüllen, an die sich zum Ofeninnenraum hin feuerfeste keramische Platten anschließen.Anchors are attached to the furnace wall, which are essentially protrude vertically from the furnace wall and one Reinforcement function in one against the furnace wall ceramic mass to which the furnace interior connect fireproof ceramic plates.

Sowohl die feuerfesten Platten als auch die dahinter angeordnete Masse sollen eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweisen, um Wärme vom Ofeninnenraum zu den Fluid durchströmten Rohren zu führen. Das erwärmte Fluid wird zur Dampf- und/oder Stromerzeugung beziehungsweise für Heizzwecke als Sekundärenergie genutzt.Both the refractory panels and the ones behind arranged mass should have good thermal conductivity have heat from the furnace interior to the fluid to flow through pipes. The heated fluid will for steam and / or electricity generation or for Heating purposes used as secondary energy.

Die bekannte Wandanordnung erfüllt diese Anforderungen.The known wall arrangement meets these requirements.

Neben der guten Wärmeleitfähigkeit wird eine hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit gegenüber den aggressiven Verbrennungsgasen im Ofenraum gefordert. Dies gilt sowohl für die Platten als auch die dahinter befindliche feuerfeste Masse. Auf diese Weise soll auch die Ofenwand vor Korrosion geschützt werden.In addition to the good thermal conductivity, a high Corrosion resistance to the aggressive Combustion gases in the furnace space required. This applies to both for the plates as well as the one behind refractory mass. In this way, the furnace wall should also protected against corrosion.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Möglichkeit aufzuzeigen, wie ein Wandaufbau der genannten Art hinsichtlich seiner Wärmeleitung an unterschiedliche Einsatzzwecke angepaßt werden kann. Außerdem soll der Wandaufbau Längenänderungen der Platten bei wechselnder Temperaturbeanspruchung problemlos standhalten.The object of the invention is a possibility to show how a wall structure of the type mentioned in terms of its heat conduction to different Purpose can be customized. In addition, the Wall structure Changes in length of the panels with changing Withstand temperature stress without any problems.

Der nachstehend beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Lösung liegen verschiedene Überlegungen zugrunde:The solution according to the invention described below are based on various considerations:

Um den Wärmefluß vom Ofeninnenraum zu den Fluid durchströmten Röhren einstellbar zu gestalten soll die monolithische Schicht zwischen Ofenwand und Platten in ihrer Stärke (Dicke) variabel sein. Daraus leitet sich die Erkenntnis ab, die Armierungsanker nicht in der monolithischen Masse auslaufen zu lassen, sondern so zu verlängern, daß sie sich durch die monolithische Masse erstrecken und dabei gleichzeitig der Aufnahme der davor angeordneten Platten dienen.To the heat flow from the furnace interior to the fluid flow through tubes should be adjustable monolithic layer between furnace wall and plates in their thickness can be variable. It is derived from this the knowledge that the reinforcement anchors are not in the monolithic mass to leak, but so too extend that through the monolithic mass extend and at the same time recording the before arranged plates serve.

Dabei soll die Verbindung der Anker in korrespondierenden Aussparungen der Platten so erfolgen, daß auch bei Längenänderungen der Platten bei wechselnder Temperaturbeanspruchung keine Rißbildung in den Platten entsteht. Unter diesem Gesichtspunkt sieht die Erfindung auch vor, im Randbereich zwischen benachbarten Platten eine verformbare Ausgleichsschicht anzuordnen. In seiner allgemeinsten Ausführungsform ist der Wandaufbau durch folgende Merkmale gekennzeichnet:

  • eine Ofenwand, in der eine Vielzahl von Fluid durchströmbaren Rohren beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind,
  • Anker, die mit einem Ende an Abschnitten der Ofenwand befestigt sind und im wesentlichen senkrecht von der Ofenwand abstehen,
  • feuerfeste keramische Platten, die unter Ausbildung eines Hohlraums zwischen der Ofenwand und den Platten im Abstand parallel zur Ofenwand sowie unter Ausbildung von Fugen zwischen ihren Randbereichen auf ihren der Ofenwand zugewandten Hauptoberflächen Aussparungen aufweisen, in denen die Anker mit ihren freien Enden eingebettet in einer auch unter Hitze verformbaren hitzebeständigen Füllung einliegen,
  • hitzebeständige, verformbare Ausgleichsschichten im Fugenbereich zwischen benachbarten Platten, sowie
  • eine, den Hohlraum ausfüllende und Abschnitte der Anker überdeckende feuerfeste Masse.
The connection of the anchors in corresponding recesses of the plates should take place in such a way that there is no cracking in the plates even when the plates change length with changing temperature stresses. From this point of view, the invention also provides for a deformable compensation layer to be arranged in the edge region between adjacent plates. In its most general embodiment, the wall structure is characterized by the following features:
  • a furnace wall in which a plurality of pipes through which fluid can flow are arranged at a distance from one another,
  • Anchors, which are attached at one end to sections of the furnace wall and project essentially perpendicularly from the furnace wall,
  • Refractory ceramic plates, which form a cavity between the furnace wall and the plates at a distance parallel to the furnace wall and form joints between their edge areas on their main surfaces facing the furnace wall, in which the anchors are embedded with their free ends in one also below Heat-deformable heat-resistant filling,
  • heat-resistant, deformable leveling layers in the joint area between adjacent panels, as well
  • a refractory mass filling the cavity and covering sections of the anchors.

Bei diesem Wandaufbau werden die dem Ofenraum benachbarten Platten quasi "schwimmend" verlegt. Ihre Befestigung und Ausrichtung untereinander erfolgt über die Anker. Die Anker liegen jedoch nicht bündig in korrespondierenden Aussparungen der Platten ein, vielmehr ist um die entsprechenden Abschnitte der Anker herum eine verformbare, hitzebeständige Füllung vorgesehen, die der Kompensation von Längenänderungen unter Temperaturlast dient. Gleiches gilt für die in den Fugenbereichen angeordneten hitzebeständigen, verformbaren Ausgleichschichten.With this wall construction, the oven room Adjacent plates are laid "floating". Your Fastening and alignment with one another takes place via the anchors. However, the anchors are not flush corresponding recesses in the plates, rather is one around the corresponding sections of the anchors deformable, heat-resistant filling provided that the Compensation for changes in length under temperature load serves. The same applies to those in the joint areas arranged heat-resistant, deformable Leveling layers.

Über die Länge der Anker kann der Abstand der Platten zur Ofenwand beliebig eingestellt werden. Auf diese Weise läßt sich der Wärmefluß vom Ofenraum zu den Rohren der Ofenwand einstellen. Der Abstand der Platten zur Ofenwand kann alternativ oder kumulativ auch über Abstandhalter definiert werden, die als integraler Bestandteil der Platten ausgebildet sein können.The distance between the plates and the Furnace wall can be set arbitrarily. In this way can the heat flow from the furnace to the pipes of the Set the furnace wall. The distance of the plates to the furnace wall can alternatively or cumulatively also via spacers be defined as an integral part of the Plates can be formed.

Die Befestigung der Platten an den Ankern ist besonders einfach und erlaubt eine leichte und schnelle Montage sowie Auswechselbarkeit.The attachment of the plates to the anchors is special simple and allows easy and quick assembly as well as interchangeability.

Bevor der Wandaufbau näher in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen beschrieben wird soll eine zugehörige feuerfeste keramische Platte in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen näher beschrieben werden:Before the wall structure closer in different An associated embodiment is to be described refractory ceramic plate in various Embodiments are described in more detail:

Die Platte kann in Verlängerung jeder ihrer Aussparungen ein Sackloch aufweisen, welches der Aufnahme eines beispielsweise abgewinkelten freien Ankerendes dient.The plate can extend any of its recesses have a blind hole, which the inclusion of a for example angled free anchor end is used.

Dabei kann das Sackloch im wesentlichen parallel zu den Hauptoberflächen der Platte und damit im wesentlichen parallel zur Ofenwand verlaufen. Auf diese Weise können die Platten leicht parallel zur Ofenwand montiert werden.The blind hole can be essentially parallel to the Main surfaces of the plate and therefore essentially run parallel to the furnace wall. That way you can the panels can be easily mounted parallel to the furnace wall.

Die Aussparungen können vollständig im Bereich einer Hauptoberfläche der Platte liegen. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Aussparungen so zu gestalten, daß sie sich in den Randbereich der Platte fortsetzen. Diese Ausführungsform wird in der nachstehenden Figurenbeschreibung näher erläutert.The recesses can be completely in the range of one Main surface of the plate. It is also possible to design the recesses so that they are Continue in the edge area of the plate. This Embodiment is shown in the following Description of the figures explained in more detail.

Bei der Montage können die Platten dann seitlich auf die abgewinkelten Ankerenden aufgesetzt und - je nach geometrischer Gestaltung der Anker - vertikal in die endgültige Lage verschoben werden.During assembly, the panels can then be placed on the side angled anchor ends and - depending on geometric design of the anchors - vertically into the final location will be postponed.

Wie vorstehend bereits erwähnt soll zwischen korrespondierenden Randbereichen benachbarter Platten eine verformbare Ausgleichschicht angeordnet werden. Eine Ausführungsform der Platte sieht vor, diese Ausgleichschicht bereits an der Platte fest vorzusehen. Bei einer quaderförmigen Platte mit rechteckigen Hauptoberflächen können auf diese Weise beispielsweise zwei benachbarte Randbereiche der Platte vorkonfektioniert werden.As already mentioned above, between corresponding edge areas of adjacent plates a deformable compensation layer can be arranged. A Embodiment of the plate provides this Provide a leveling layer already on the plate. For a rectangular plate with a rectangular one Main surfaces can, for example, in this way two adjacent edge areas of the plate are pre-assembled.

Dabei kann die Ausgleichschicht aus einem Fasermaterial bestehen, beispielsweise einem Dämmstreifen, der auf den/die korrespondierenden Randbereich(e) der Platte aufgeklebt ist (sind). The compensation layer can be made of a fiber material consist, for example, an insulation strip on the corresponding edge area (s) of the plate is (are) stuck on.

Alternativ kann der Fugenbereich zwischen benachbarten Platten nach deren Verlegung mit einer komprimierten Faserlage ausgefüllt werden. Dazu kann eine Fasermatte oder ein Faserstreifen, dessen Dicke über der Fugenbreite liegt, zunächst befeuchtet und dann (leichter) komprimiert werden, um so in die Fuge (den Spalt) eingelegt werden zu können. Nach oder bei der Trocknung preßt sich die Faserlage durch Expansion (aufgrund der Rückstellkräfte der Fasern) in-situ in die Fuge und dichtet diese ab. Die Rohdichte der Faserlage kann beim Komprimieren auf das 2 bis 3-fache der ursprünglichen Rohdichte (z.B. 35-70 kg/m3) erhöht werden. Kristalline Fasern sind besonders geeignet, beispielsweise solche auf Basis Aluminiumoxid (z.B. 95 Gew.-% Al2O3, 5 Gew.-% SiO2). Auf gleiche Weise können auch die Aussparungen in den Platten mit Fasermaterial ausgefüllt werden. Diese Fugenausbildung ist unabhängig von obengenannten Anwendungen umsetzbar.Alternatively, the joint area between adjacent panels can be filled with a compressed fiber layer after they have been laid. For this purpose, a fiber mat or a fiber strip, the thickness of which is above the joint width, can first be moistened and then (more easily) compressed so that it can be inserted into the joint (the gap). After or during drying, the fiber layer presses itself into the joint by expansion (due to the restoring forces of the fibers) and seals it. The bulk density of the fiber layer can be increased to 2 to 3 times the original bulk density (eg 35-70 kg / m 3 ) during compression. Crystalline fibers are particularly suitable, for example those based on aluminum oxide (for example 95% by weight Al 2 O 3 , 5% by weight SiO 2 ). The cutouts in the plates can also be filled with fiber material in the same way. This joint formation can be implemented regardless of the above-mentioned applications.

Dadurch, daß die Anker an definierten Stellen der Ofenwand befestigt werden können und die Platten eine definierte Größe besitzen läßt sich durch einfaches Aufstecken oder Aufschieben der Platten auf die Anker eine exakte Zuordnung der Platten erreichen, so daß sich die Platten zu einer durchgehenden Fläche zum Ofeninnenraum hin ergänzen.The fact that the anchor at defined points of the Oven wall can be attached and the plates one can have defined size by simple Place or slide the plates onto the anchors achieve an exact assignment of the plates, so that the plates into a continuous surface for Complete the interior of the furnace.

Die Montage kann weiter vereinfacht und die Montagezeit verkürzt werden, wenn Anker verwendet werden, die zwei Arme aufweisen, die in Aussparungen benachbarter Platten einliegen. Auf diese Weise können mit einem einzigen Anker zwei Verankerungspunkte, jeweils einer an benachbarten Platten, bereitgestellt werden. Auch dies wird in der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung weiter erläutert.The assembly can be further simplified and the assembly time be shortened when using anchors, the two Have arms that are in recesses of adjacent plates inlay. This way, with a single Anchor two anchor points, one each neighboring plates can be provided. This too will continue in the following description of the figures explained.

Die Platten können aus einem Werkstoff auf Basis Siliziumkarbid und/oder Aluminiumoxid, zum Beispiel mit Zusatz an Cr2O3 bestehen. Beide weisen eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit, Korrosionsbeständigkeit beziehungsweise Verschlackungsbeständigkeit auf. Über den Werkstoff der Platten und deren Wärmeleitung läßt sich der Wärmefluß vom Ofen zu den Rohren der Ofenwand einstellen.The plates can consist of a material based on silicon carbide and / or aluminum oxide, for example with the addition of Cr 2 O 3 . Both have good thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and slag resistance. The heat flow from the furnace to the tubes of the furnace wall can be adjusted via the material of the plates and their heat conduction.

Als feuerfeste Masse zur Ausfüllung des Hohlraums zwischen Platten und Ofenwand bietet sich eine Gießmasse, insbesondere eine sogenannte freifließende Gießmasse an, die ohne Vibrationshilfen in den Hohlraum eingefüllt werden kann. Hierbei können zementfreie Massen ebenso wie zementarme Massen eingesetzt werden.As a refractory mass to fill the cavity there is a casting compound between the plates and the furnace wall, especially a so-called free-flowing casting compound, which is filled into the cavity without vibration aids can be. Here, cement-free masses as well low-cement masses are used.

Diese Gießmassen weisen ebenso wie andere feuerfeste keramische Massen gute Wärmeleitfähigkeitswerte auf und sind hoch korrosionsbeständig, so daß sie die zugehörige Ofenwand mit integrierten Rohren schützen können.These casting compounds show just like other refractories ceramic masses good thermal conductivity values on and are highly corrosion resistant, so they are the associated Can protect furnace wall with integrated pipes.

Auch die hitzebeständige Füllung im Bereich der Aussparungen (um die entsprechenden Ankerenden herum) kann aus einer keramischen Masse oder Faserwerkstoffen bestehen. Keramische Werkstoffe für diesen Zweck können solche auf Basis Siliziumkarbid, Vermiculit, Korund und/oder Bauxit sein und sind als solche bekannt (z.B. CARSITECT 170V der DIDIER-WERKE AG, Wiesbaden).The heat-resistant filling in the area of Cutouts (around the corresponding anchor ends) can be made of a ceramic mass or fiber materials consist. Ceramic materials for this purpose can those based on silicon carbide, vermiculite, corundum and / or bauxite and are known as such (e.g. CARSITECT 170V from DIDIER-WERKE AG, Wiesbaden).

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche sowie den sonstigen Anmeldungsunterlagen. Further features of the invention result from the Characteristics of the subclaims and the other Registration documents.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert, wobei die Figuren - in schematisierter Darstellung - folgendes zeigen:

Figur 1:
einen Horizontalschnitt durch einen Wandaufbau,
Figur 2:
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer feuerfesten keramischen Platte,
Figur 3:
einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Wandaufbau im Verankerungsbereich einer Platte.
Figur 4:
einen Schnitt senkrecht zum Fugenbereich zwischen benachbarten Platten.
Dabei sind in den Figuren gleiche oder gleichwirkende Mittel mit gleichen Bezugsziffern dargestellt.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment, the figures - in a schematic representation - showing the following:
Figure 1:
a horizontal section through a wall structure,
Figure 2:
a perspective view of a refractory ceramic plate,
Figure 3:
a vertical section through a wall structure in the anchoring area of a plate.
Figure 4:
a section perpendicular to the joint area between adjacent panels.
The same or equivalent means are shown in the figures with the same reference numerals.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Platte 10 mit zwei rechteckförmigen Haupt-Oberflächen 10.1, 10.2, zwei seitlichen planen Randbereichen 10.3, 10.4 und zwei abgestuften oberen und unteren Randbereichen 10.5, 10.6.Figure 2 shows a plate 10 with two rectangular Main surfaces 10.1, 10.2, plan two side surfaces Edge areas 10.3, 10.4 and two graded upper and lower edge areas 10.5, 10.6.

Im Bereich der in der Figur vorderen Hauptoberfläche 10.2 sind außenseitig zwei Aussparungen 12.1, 12.2 vorgesehen, die sich in den jeweils benachbarten Randbereich 10.3 beziehungsweise 10.4 fortsetzen. Im Bereich der zu den Randbereichen 10.3, 10.4 parallelen Innenflächen der Aussparungen 12.1, 12.2 sind die Aussparungen 12.1, 12.2 über Sackbohrungen 14 in das Platteninnere hinein verlängert, wie Figur 3 zu entnehmen ist. In the area of the front main surface 10.2 in the figure two recesses 12.1, 12.2 are provided on the outside, which are in the adjacent edge area 10.3 or continue 10.4. In the area of the Edge areas 10.3, 10.4 parallel inner surfaces of the Cutouts 12.1, 12.2 are cutouts 12.1, 12.2 via blind holes 14 into the interior of the plate extended, as can be seen in Figure 3.

Die Aussparungen 12.1, 12.2 und zugehörigen Sackbohrungen 14 dienen der Aufnahme von Ankern, die im Zusammenhang mit der folgenden Beschreibung der Figur 1 näher beschrieben werden:The recesses 12.1, 12.2 and associated blind holes 14 serve to accommodate anchors that are related with the following description of Figure 1 in more detail to be discribed:

Figur 1 zeigt einen Wandaufbau, hier für einen Müllverbrennungsofen. Der Wandaufbau umfaßt eine Ofenwand 30 mit einer Vielzahl, parallel im Abstand zueinander angeordneter, von Wasser durchströmbaren Rohren 32, die beidseitig über die zwischen benachbarten Rohren 32 verlaufenden Ofenwandabschnitte 30.1 vorstehen.Figure 1 shows a wall structure, here for one Incinerator. The wall structure comprises an oven wall 30 with a large number, parallel to each other arranged, through which water can flow 32 on both sides via the between adjacent tubes 32 protruding furnace wall sections 30.1.

Auf den Ofenwandabschnitten 30.1 sind V-förmige Metallanker 16 angeschweißt, die jeweils zwei Arme 16.1, 16.2 aufweisen und im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Ofenwand 30 verlaufen. Die freien Enden 16e der Ankerarme 16.1, 16.2 sind entgegengesetzt abgewinkelt und greifen in die anhand der Figur 2 erläuterten Aussparungen 12.1, 12.2 beziehungsweise mit ihren freien Enden 16e in die zugehörigen Sackbohrungen 14 der Platten 10 ein.On the furnace wall sections 30.1 are V-shaped Welded metal anchor 16, each two arms 16.1, 16.2 have and substantially perpendicular to the furnace wall 30 run. The free ends 16e of the armature arms 16.1, 16.2 are angled in opposite directions and reach into the cutouts 12.1, 12.2 explained with reference to FIG or with their free ends 16e in the associated blind holes 14 of the plates 10 a.

Der verbleibende Bereich der Aussparungen 12.1, 12.2 ist mit einer unter Hitze verformbaren, hitzebeständigen Füllung 15, hier einer keramischen Masse auf Basis Siliziumkarbid, ausgefüllt, in der die Anker 16 mit ihren Enden 16e einliegen. The remaining area of the recesses 12.1, 12.2 is with a heat deformable, heat resistant Filling 15, here a ceramic mass based Silicon carbide, filled, in which the anchor 16 with their Insert ends 16e.

Wie Figur 1 zu entnehmen ist wird eine Platte 10 auf korrespondierenden Ankerarmen 16.1, 16.2 gehalten und ausgerichtet. Mehrere Platten 10 werden nebeneinander und übereinander konfektioniert, um so eine geschlossene Wandfläche mit plan paralleler Oberfläche 10o zum Ofeninnenraum 18 hin auszubilden. Dabei stehen benachbarte Platten 10 in geringem Abstand zueinander, unter Ausbildung entsprechender Fugen 34, die von einem verformbaren, komprimierten Dämmstreifen 36 aus keramischem Fasermaterial ausgefüllt sind.As can be seen in FIG. 1, a plate 10 is opened corresponding anchor arms 16.1, 16.2 held and aligned. Several plates 10 are next to each other and assembled on top of each other to create a closed one Wall surface with flat parallel surface 10o for Form furnace interior 18 out. Stand there adjacent plates 10 at a short distance from each other, with the formation of appropriate joints 34 by a deformable, compressed insulation strips 36 ceramic fiber material are filled.

Durch die Anordnung der Platten 10 wird zwischen der Plattenwand und der Ofenwand 30 ein Hohraum 38 ausgebildet, der mit einer feuerfesten Gießmasse auf Basis Aluminiumoxid ausgefüllt ist und dabei die Ankerarme 16.1, 16.2 überdeckt.The arrangement of the plates 10 is between the Panel wall and the furnace wall 30 a cavity 38 trained who with a refractory casting compound Base aluminum oxide is filled and the Anchor arms 16.1, 16.2 covered.

Die Platten 10 sowie die im Hohlraum 38 befindliche Masse 40 weisen eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit und Korrosionsbeständigkeit gegenüber aggressiven Gasen auf.The plates 10 and the mass located in the cavity 38 40 have good thermal conductivity and Corrosion resistance to aggressive gases.

Der Abstand zwischen den Rückseiten 10.1 der Platten 10 und der Ofenwand 30 kann über die Länge der Anker 16 eingestellt werden. Alternativ oder kumulativ kann der Abstand auch über Abstandhalter eingestellt werden, die in den Figuren 1 und 2 gepunktet angedeutet und mit 10n gekennzeichnet sind. Die Abstandhalter 10n sind hier materialschlüssig aus der der Ofenwand 30 zugewandten Oberfläche der Platten 10 ausgeformt und liegen gegen korrespondierende Rohre 32 an. The distance between the rear sides 10.1 of the plates 10 and the furnace wall 30 can extend the length of the armature 16 can be set. Alternatively or cumulatively, the Distance can also be set using spacers dotted in Figures 1 and 2 and with 10n Marked are. The spacers 10n are here materially from the furnace wall 30 facing Molded surface of the plates 10 and lie against corresponding pipes 32.

Im Betrieb kommt es im Bereich der Platten 10 zu Längenänderungen. Soweit diese senkrecht zur Ofenwand 30 erfolgen können die Platten 10 in Richtung Ofeninnenraum "wachsen". Im Bereich der Aussparungen 12.1, 12.2 sorgt die elastische, verformbare Füllmasse 15 dafür, daß entsprechende Längenänderungen kompensiert werden.In operation, it occurs in the area of the plates 10 Changes in length. As far as this is perpendicular to the furnace wall 30 the plates 10 can take place in the direction of the furnace interior "to grow". In the area of the recesses 12.1, 12.2 the elastic, deformable filling compound 15 to ensure that corresponding changes in length can be compensated.

Dies gilt analog für Längenänderungen parallel zur Ofenwand 30, wobei die Dämmstreifen 36 in den Fugen 34 ebenfalls Dehnungen und Kontraktionen der Platten 10 folgen und damit die Fugen 34 zuverlässig geschlossen halten.This applies analogously to changes in length parallel to Oven wall 30, the insulation strips 36 in the joints 34 also expansion and contraction of the plates 10 follow and thus the joints 34 reliably closed hold.

Entgegen der Darstellung in Figur 2 können auch die Randbereiche 10.5, 10.6 der Platten eben (plan) sein. Ebenfalls ist jede andere Geometrie der Platten 10 möglich.Contrary to the representation in Figure 2, the Edge areas 10.5, 10.6 of the plates should be flat. Any other geometry of the plates is also 10 possible.

Eine andere Ausbildung von Platten 10 und Fugen 34 zwischen Platten 10 zeigt Figur 4. Korrespondierende Flächenabschnitte 10.5, 10.6 von Platten 10 sind hier nach Art einer Nut-/Federverbindung ausgebildet, und zwar mit Feder 10.5f beziehungsweise Nut 10.6n im Bereich zwischen korrespondierenden Hauptflächen 10.1, 10.2. Die Stirnfläche 10.5s der Feder 10.5f und die Basis 10.6b der Nut 10.6n sind dabei mit rinnenartigen Vertiefungen 10.5v, 10.6v ausgebildet, die eine keramische Dichtschnur 36d aufnehmen, während der übrige Fugenbereich 34 mit einem keramischen Fasermaterial oder einem elastischen keramischen Kitt 36 ausgefüllt ist, wie vorstehend beschrieben. Diese Fugenausbildung ist unabhängig vom oben beschriebenen Anwendungsbereich möglich.Another formation of panels 10 and joints 34 between plates 10 shows Figure 4. Corresponding Surface sections 10.5, 10.6 of plates 10 are here formed in the manner of a tongue and groove connection, namely with tongue 10.5f or groove 10.6n in the area between corresponding main areas 10.1, 10.2. The End face 10.5s of the spring 10.5f and the base 10.6b of the Groove 10.6n are with groove-like depressions 10.5v, 10.6v formed, which is a ceramic sealing cord 36d, while the remaining joint area 34 with a ceramic fiber material or an elastic ceramic putty 36 is filled in as above described. This joint formation is independent of Possible scope described above.

Claims (21)

Feuerfeste keramische Platte (10) für einen Wandaufbau eines Verbrennungsofens, mit mindestens zwei, auf einer Hauptoberfläche (10.2) der Platte (10) angeordneten Aussparungen (12.1, 12.2), wobei von jeder Aussparung (12.1, 12.2) ein Sackloch (14) in das Platteninnere verläuft.Refractory ceramic plate (10) for a wall structure of an incinerator, with at least two, on one Main surface (10.2) of the plate (10) arranged Cutouts (12.1, 12.2), with each cutout (12.1, 12.2) a blind hole (14) in the interior of the plate runs. Platte nach Anspruch 1, bei der das Sackloch im wesentlichen parallel zu den Hauptoberflächen (10.1, 10.2) der Platte (10) verläuft.Plate according to claim 1, wherein the blind hole in essentially parallel to the main surfaces (10.1, 10.2) of the plate (10). Platte nach Anspruch 1, bei der die Aussparungen (12.1, 12.2) sich in einen korrespondierenden Randbereich (10.3, 10.4) der Platte (10) fortsetzen. Plate according to claim 1, wherein the recesses (12.1, 12.2) in a corresponding edge area (10.3, 10.4) continue the plate (10). Platte nach Anspruch 1, bei der mindestens zwei Randbereiche (10.4, 10.5) der Platte (10), gegebenenfalls mit Ausnahme im Bereich zugehöriger Aussparungen (12.1, 12.2), mit einer verformbaren, hitzebeständigen Ausgleichsschicht (36) belegt sind.The plate of claim 1, wherein at least two Edge areas (10.4, 10.5) of the plate (10), if necessary with the exception of the associated recesses (12.1, 12.2), with a deformable, heat-resistant Compensation layer (36) are occupied. Platte nach Anspruch 1 in Quaderform.Plate according to claim 1 in cuboid form. Platte nach Anspruch 4, bei der die Ausgleichsschicht (36) aus einem Fasermaterial besteht.The panel of claim 4, wherein the leveling layer (36) consists of a fiber material. Platte nach Anspruch 6, bei der das Fasermaterial als Streifen auf den/die Randbereich(e) (10.4, 10.5) der Platte (10) aufgeklebt ist.The plate of claim 6, wherein the fibrous material is as Stripes on the edge area (s) (10.4, 10.5) of the Plate (10) is glued on. Wandaufbau für einen Verbrennungsofen, mit folgenden Merkmalen: 8.1 einer Ofenwand (30), in der eine Vielzahl von Fluid durchströmbaren Rohren (32) beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind, 8.2 Ankern (16), die mit einem Ende an Abschnitten (30.1) der Ofenwand (30) befestigt sind und im wesentlichen senkrecht von der Ofenwand (30) abstehen, 8.3 feuerfesten keramischen Platten (10), die unter Ausbildung eines Hohlraums (38) zwischen der Ofenwand (30) und den Platten (10) im Abstand parallel zur Ofenwand (30) sowie unter Ausbildung von Fugen (34) zwischen ihren Randbereichen (10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6) auf ihren der Ofenwand (30) zugewandten Hauptoberflächen (10.1, 10.2) Aussparungen (12.1, 12.2) aufweisen, in denen die Anker (16) mit ihren freien Enden (16e), eingebettet in einer auch unter Hitze verformbaren, hitzebeständigen Füllung (15) einliegen, 8.4 hitzebeständigen, verformbaren Ausgleichsschichten (36) im Fugenbereich (34) zwischen benachbarten Platten (10) sowie 8.5 einer, den Hohlraum (38) ausfüllenden, im Hohlraum (38) verlaufende Abschnitte (16.1, 16.2) der Anker (16) überdeckenden feuerfesten Masse (40). Wall structure for an incinerator, with the following features: 8.1 a furnace wall (30) in which a plurality of pipes (32) through which fluid can flow are arranged at a distance from one another, 8.2 anchors (16) which are fastened at one end to sections (30.1) of the furnace wall (30) and project essentially perpendicularly from the furnace wall (30), 8.3 refractory ceramic plates (10) which form a cavity (38) between the furnace wall (30) and the plates (10) at a distance parallel to the furnace wall (30) and form joints (34) between their edge areas (10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6) on their main surfaces (10.1, 10.2) facing the furnace wall (30) have cutouts (12.1, 12.2) in which the anchors (16) with their free ends (16e), embedded in a deformable one even under heat , heat-resistant filling (15), 8.4 heat-resistant, deformable compensation layers (36) in the joint area (34) between adjacent panels (10) and 8.5 a refractory mass (40) which fills the cavity (38) and extends in the cavity (38) sections (16.1, 16.2) of the armature (16). Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem jeder Anker (16) zwei Arme (16.1, 16.2) aufweist, die in Aussparungen (12.1, 12.2) benachbarter Platten (10) einliegen.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein each anchor (16) two Has arms (16.1, 16.2) which are in recesses (12.1, 12.2) of adjacent plates (10). Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die Anker (16) an ihrem freien, in den Aussparungen (12.1, 12.2) der Platten (10) liegenden Ende (16e) abgewinkelt ausgebildet sind und die freien Enden (16e) im wesentlichen parallel zur Ofenwand (30) verlaufen. Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the anchor (16) on their free, in the recesses (12.1, 12.2) Plates (10) lying end (16e) angled and the free ends (16e) are substantially parallel run to the furnace wall (30). Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 10, bei dem die abgewinkelten freien Enden (16e) der Anker (16) in Sackbohrungen (14) einliegen, die an die Aussparungen (12.1, 12.2) anschließen.Wall structure according to claim 10, wherein the angled free ends (16e) of the anchors (16) in blind bores (14) to the recesses (12.1, 12.2) connect. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die Platten (10) aus einem Werkstoff auf Basis Siliziumkarbid bestehen.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the panels (10) a material based on silicon carbide. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die Platten (10) aus einem Werkstoff auf Basis Aluminiumoxid bestehen.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the panels (10) a material based on aluminum oxide. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die feuerfeste Masse (38) eine Gießmasse ist.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the refractory mass (38) is a casting compound. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die feuerfeste Masse (38) eine zementfreie Masse ist.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the refractory mass (38) is a cementless mass. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die hitzebeständige Füllung (15) aus einer keramischen Masse besteht.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the heat-resistant Filling (15) consists of a ceramic mass. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die hitzebeständige Füllung (15) aus einem Werkstoff auf Basis Vermiculit, Siliziumkarbid, Korund oder Bauxit besteht.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the heat-resistant Filling (15) made of a material based on vermiculite, Silicon carbide, corundum or bauxite. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die hitzebeständige, verformbare Ausgleichsschicht (36) aus einem Fasermaterial besteht.Wall structure according to claim 8, wherein the heat-resistant, deformable compensation layer (36) from one There is fiber material. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die Platten (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 gestaltet sind. Wall structure according to claim 8, in which the plates (10) are designed according to one of claims 1 to 7. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 8, bei dem zwischen den Rohren (32) und den der Ofenwand (30) zugewandten Flächen der Platten (10) Abstandhalter (10n) angeordnet sind.Wall structure according to claim 8, in which between the tubes (32) and the surfaces of the furnace wall (30) Plates (10) spacers (10n) are arranged. Wandaufbau nach Anspruch 20, bei dem die Abstandhalter (10n) an den Platten (10) ausgeformt sind.Wall structure according to claim 20, wherein the spacers (10n) are formed on the plates (10).
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PL196273B1 (en) 2007-12-31
DE50101051D1 (en) 2004-01-15
DK1124094T3 (en) 2004-04-05
EP1124094B1 (en) 2003-12-03
CA2332668C (en) 2008-05-13
PL345754A1 (en) 2001-08-13
ATE255711T1 (en) 2003-12-15
CA2332668A1 (en) 2001-08-08
DE10005426A1 (en) 2001-08-09
DE10005426C2 (en) 2001-11-15
US6487980B2 (en) 2002-12-03
TR200400311T4 (en) 2004-03-22
US20010015158A1 (en) 2001-08-23

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