EP0635678A1 - Refractory lining for walls and shaped brick therefor - Google Patents

Refractory lining for walls and shaped brick therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0635678A1
EP0635678A1 EP94103545A EP94103545A EP0635678A1 EP 0635678 A1 EP0635678 A1 EP 0635678A1 EP 94103545 A EP94103545 A EP 94103545A EP 94103545 A EP94103545 A EP 94103545A EP 0635678 A1 EP0635678 A1 EP 0635678A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
shaped
refractory lining
shaped blocks
bevels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP94103545A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephan Mulch
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MULCH, STEPHAN
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Didier Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0635678A1 publication Critical patent/EP0635678A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/107—Protection of water tubes
    • F22B37/108—Protection of water tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0018—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
    • F27D2009/0032—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes integrated with refractories in a panel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refractory lining of walls of a combustion chamber with shaped stones.
  • the invention relates to a refractory molded block therefor.
  • DE 41 15 714 A1 describes a refractory lining of a wall carrying heat exchanger tubes. Such linings are provided, for example, in the combustion chamber of waste incineration plants. The lining is intended to protect the pipes from corrosion.
  • each molded block has an opening at a central point, at which it can be fastened to a screw bolt of the wall. If the screw connection is tightened too tightly, damage, especially cracks, can occur to the molded blocks. If the screws are not tightened sufficiently, the desired heat transfer from the molded block to the pipes is not guaranteed.
  • DE 40 07 662 C1 describes an anchoring device for shaped stones. There tabs are provided between stones, into which stone holders engaging in two adjacent stones are to be inserted and cast. This type of attachment appears expensive. The potting compound can loosen during operation so that the stones detach from the pipes. This worsens the heat transfer between the stones and the pipes.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a refractory lining and a molded block for this purpose, the assembly and the fastening of the molded blocks being improved.
  • the above object is achieved in the case of a refractory lining of the type mentioned at the outset in that the shaped blocks are each provided with bevels on two opposite edges which form acute angles with the wall-side surface of the shaped block and in that a wedge-shaped strip is inserted between the bevels of adjacent shaped blocks which tapers to the wall, which lies against the slopes and which, when attached to the wall, holds the shaped blocks on the wall.
  • the wedge-shaped bar interacting with the bevels ensures that the holding force is transmitted to the shaped blocks over a comparatively large area. A loosening or loosening of the shaped stones in the company is not expected. Since the attachment takes place without the provision of a potting compound, it cannot break out. Even if the bar is firmly tightened against the wall, there is no damage to the molded blocks.
  • the wedge-shaped bar also compensates for any tolerances of the shaped stones. There are no paths between the molding and the sloping stones, in which the heat radiation or combustion gases could hit the wall directly.
  • Recesses are provided on the wall-side surface of the shaped blocks for heat exchanger tubes arranged on the wall.
  • the shaped stones are pressed against the tubes at their recesses by means of the strips. This ensures good heat transfer between the shaped blocks and the tubes. Since the shaped stones do not loosen during operation, the heat transfer remains in operation.
  • steps are formed on the two other opposite edges of the shaped stones, the steps of two adjacent shaped stones interlocking. As a result, there is no open radiation path at these edges, on which the atmosphere of the combustion chamber can directly affect the wall or the tubes.
  • a good heat-conducting refractory putty or mortar can be inserted between the shaped blocks and the wall and / or the strips and the wall, which improves the heat transfer and compensates for any existing manufacturing tolerances. Due to the proposed type of fastening, it is possible to connect shaped stones, mortar and wall "up” by moving the shaped stones up and down and to avoid air pockets, which improves the heat transfer.
  • a refractory molded block for a lining of the type mentioned is characterized in that the molded block is provided with bevels on two opposite edges, the bevels forming acute angles with the wall-side surface of the molded block.
  • Tubes (2) made of steel are arranged on a wall (1) and are connected via metallic wall parts (3).
  • Shaped stones (5) are provided to shield the wall (1), in particular the tubes (2), from a firing chamber (4).
  • the shaped blocks (5) have recesses (7) for the tubes (2) on their wall-side surface (6). There is good heat transfer between the recesses (7) and the tubes (2) and the wall-side surface (6) and the wall parts (3).
  • the two opposite edges (8, 9) of the shaped blocks (5) are designed as bevels, the bevels (10) each forming an acute angle (a) with the wall-side surface (6).
  • the two other edges (11, 12) of the shaped stones (5) are provided with steps (13) which are designed so that the edges (11, 12) of shaped stones arranged one above the other engage one another. In Fig. 3, these gradations can be seen in the bar described below.
  • a wedge-shaped bar (14) is arranged between the bevels (10) of the edges (8, 9) of adjacent shaped stones.
  • the strip (14) consists of refractory ceramic material.
  • the strip (14) forms inclined surfaces (15) corresponding to the bevels (10).
  • the inclined surfaces (15) lie flush against the inclined surfaces (10).
  • the strip (14) is approximately aligned with the combustion chamber-side surfaces (16) of the shaped blocks (5).
  • the height of the bar (14) is the same as the height of the shaped blocks (5) (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3).
  • the bar (14) thus covers the entire space between the slopes (10).
  • the steps (13) of the edges (11, 12) corresponding steps (17) are provided at the top and bottom (see Fig. 3).
  • the height of the bar (14) could, however, also be a multiple of the height of the shaped blocks (5).
  • a threaded bolt (18) is welded to the wall part (3) to fasten each strip (14).
  • a spacer sleeve (19) is placed on this.
  • the threaded bolt (18) extends through an opening (20) in the bar (14) and ends in a recess (21) in the bar (14).
  • a nut (22) screwed onto the threaded bolt (18) which presses on the bottom (24) of the recess (21) by means of a washer (23).
  • the contact area between the strips (14) and the shaped stones (5) is comparatively large, so that the necessary pressure force is distributed over a large area. Since the strips (14) occupy the entire space between the bevels of the edges (8,9) and are pressed against the bevels (10), there are no open radiation paths on which the atmosphere of the firebox (4) directly onto the wall parts (3 ) can act.
  • the thickness (d) of the bar (14) is at least half as large as the thickness (D) of the shaped blocks (5).
  • the inclined surfaces (15) of the strip (14) engage correspondingly deep into the space between the inclines (10). This means that a comparatively large contact area is achieved not only in terms of height, but also in depth.
  • the thickness (d) of the strips (14) can also be almost as large as the thickness (D) of the shaped blocks (5).
  • a refractory mortar or putty (not shown in the figures) can additionally be applied between the shaped blocks (5) and the wall (1) and / or the strips (14) and the wall (1).
  • depressions (21) may be closed with a suitable agent (mortar, putty, sealing caps).
  • strips made of a refractory material other than ceramic are used, it may be advantageous to place the strips (14) somewhat deeper between the shaped blocks (5) and then cover the surface of the strips on the firebox side with a suitable refractory mortar or putty.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

Bei einer feuerfesten Auskleidung von Wänden eines Feuerraums soll die Montage und die Befestigung von Formsteinen (5) verbessert werden. Die Formsteine (5) sind an jeweils zwei gegenüberliegenden Rändern (8,9) mit Schrägen (10) versehen. Zwischen die Schrägen benachbarter Formsteine (5) ist eine keilförmige Leiste (14) eingesetzt, die sich zur Wand (1) verjüngt, an den Schrägen (10) anliegt und an der Wand befestigt die Formsteine (5) an der Wand (1) hält. <IMAGE>In the case of fire-resistant lining of walls of a combustion chamber, the assembly and the fastening of shaped stones (5) should be improved. The shaped blocks (5) are provided with bevels (10) on two opposite edges (8, 9). A wedge-shaped bar (14) is inserted between the bevels of adjacent shaped stones (5), which tapers to the wall (1), abuts against the bevels (10) and holds the shaped stones (5) on the wall (1) attached to the wall . <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine feuerfeste Auskleidung von Wänden eines Feuerraums mit Formsteinen. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung einen feuerfesten Formstein hierfür.The invention relates to a refractory lining of walls of a combustion chamber with shaped stones. In addition, the invention relates to a refractory molded block therefor.

In der DE 41 15 714 A1 ist eine feuerfeste Auskleidung einer Wärmetauscherröhren tragenden Wand beschrieben. Solche Auskleidungen sind beispielsweise im Feuerraum von Müllverbrennungsanlagen vorgesehen. Die Auskleidung soll die Rohre vor Korrosion schützen.DE 41 15 714 A1 describes a refractory lining of a wall carrying heat exchanger tubes. Such linings are provided, for example, in the combustion chamber of waste incineration plants. The lining is intended to protect the pipes from corrosion.

Bei dem Formstein nach der DE 41 15 714 A1 weist jeder Formstein an zentraler Stelle eine Öffnung auf, an der er an einem Schraubbolzen der Wand befestigbar ist. Wird die Schraubverbindung zu fest angezogen, dann können an den Formsteinen Schäden, insbesondere Risse, entstehen. Werden die Schrauben nicht fest genug angezogen, dann ist der gewünschte Wärmeübergang vom Formstein auf die Rohre nicht gewährleistet.In the molded block according to DE 41 15 714 A1, each molded block has an opening at a central point, at which it can be fastened to a screw bolt of the wall. If the screw connection is tightened too tightly, damage, especially cracks, can occur to the molded blocks. If the screws are not tightened sufficiently, the desired heat transfer from the molded block to the pipes is not guaranteed.

In der DE 40 07 662 C1 ist eine Verankerungsvorrichtung für Formsteine beschrieben. Dort sind zwischen Steinen Laschen vorgesehen, in die in zwei benachbarte Steine eingreifende Steinhalter einzusetzen und zu vergießen sind. Diese Befestigungsart erscheint aufwendig. Im Betrieb kann sich die Vergußmasse lockern, so daß sich die Steine von den Rohren lösen. Dies verschlechtert die Wärmeübertragung zwischen den Steinen und den Rohren.DE 40 07 662 C1 describes an anchoring device for shaped stones. There tabs are provided between stones, into which stone holders engaging in two adjacent stones are to be inserted and cast. This type of attachment appears expensive. The potting compound can loosen during operation so that the stones detach from the pipes. This worsens the heat transfer between the stones and the pipes.

In der EP 0 228 918 B1 sind in der Wand nach oben stehende Stücke befestigt, in die die Steine mit entsprechenden Ausnehmungen eingreifen. Die Ausnehmungen schwächen die Steine.In EP 0 228 918 B1, upstanding pieces are fastened in the wall, into which the stones engage with corresponding recesses. The recesses weaken the stones.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine feuerfeste Auskleidung und einen Formstein hierfür vorzuschlagen, wobei die Montage und die Befestigung der Formsteine verbessert ist.The object of the invention is to propose a refractory lining and a molded block for this purpose, the assembly and the fastening of the molded blocks being improved.

Erfindungsgemäß ist obige Aufgabe bei einer feuerfesten Auskleidung der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß die Formsteine jeweils an zwei gegenüberliegenden Rändern mit Schrägen versehen sind, die mit der wandseitigen Fläche des Formsteins spitze Winkel bilden und daß zwischen die Schrägen benachbarter Formsteine eine keilförmige Leiste eingesetzt ist, die sich zur Wand verjüngt, die an den Schrägen anliegt und die an der Wand befestigt die Formsteine an der Wand hält.According to the invention, the above object is achieved in the case of a refractory lining of the type mentioned at the outset in that the shaped blocks are each provided with bevels on two opposite edges which form acute angles with the wall-side surface of the shaped block and in that a wedge-shaped strip is inserted between the bevels of adjacent shaped blocks which tapers to the wall, which lies against the slopes and which, when attached to the wall, holds the shaped blocks on the wall.

Durch die mit den Schrägen zusammenwirkende keilförmige Leiste ist erreicht, daß die Haltekraft auf einer vergleichsweise großen Fläche auf die Formsteine übertragen wird. Ein Lösen oder Lockern der Formsteine im Betrieb ist nicht zu erwarten. Da die Befestigung ohne Vermittlung einer Vergußmasse stattfindet, kann diese auch nicht ausbrechen. Auch bei einem festen Anziehen der Leiste gegen die Wand treten keine Schäden an den Formsteinen auf. Durch die keilförmige Leiste werden auch etwaige Toleranzen der Formsteine ausgeglichen. Zwischen der Leiste und den Schrägen der Formsteine sind keine Wege offen, auf denen die Wärmestrahlung oder die Verbrennungsgase direkt auf die Wand treffen könnten.The wedge-shaped bar interacting with the bevels ensures that the holding force is transmitted to the shaped blocks over a comparatively large area. A loosening or loosening of the shaped stones in the company is not expected. Since the attachment takes place without the provision of a potting compound, it cannot break out. Even if the bar is firmly tightened against the wall, there is no damage to the molded blocks. The wedge-shaped bar also compensates for any tolerances of the shaped stones. There are no paths between the molding and the sloping stones, in which the heat radiation or combustion gases could hit the wall directly.

Für an der Wand angeordnete Wärmetauscherröhren sind an der wandseitigen Oberfläche der Formsteine Ausnehmungen vorgesehen. Die Formsteine werden an ihren Ausnehmungen mittels der Leisten gegen die Röhren gedrückt. Dadurch ist eine gute Wärmeübertragung zwischen den Formsteinen und den Röhren gewährleistet. Da sich die Formsteine im Betrieb nicht lockern, bleibt die Wärmeübertragung im Betrieb erhalten.Recesses are provided on the wall-side surface of the shaped blocks for heat exchanger tubes arranged on the wall. The shaped stones are pressed against the tubes at their recesses by means of the strips. This ensures good heat transfer between the shaped blocks and the tubes. Since the shaped stones do not loosen during operation, the heat transfer remains in operation.

In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind an den beiden anderen gegenüberliegenden Rändern der Formsteine Stufungen ausgebildet, wobei die Stufungen zweier benachbarter Formsteine ineinander greifen. Dadurch besteht auch an diesen Rändern kein offener Strahlungsweg, auf dem die Atmosphäre des Feuerraums direkt auf die Wand bzw. die Röhren einwirken kann.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, steps are formed on the two other opposite edges of the shaped stones, the steps of two adjacent shaped stones interlocking. As a result, there is no open radiation path at these edges, on which the atmosphere of the combustion chamber can directly affect the wall or the tubes.

Durch die Ausbildung der Vertiefungen und Öffnungen in den Leisten als Langlöcher können Toleranzen bei den Abständen der Schraubverbindungen ausgeglichen werden.By designing the recesses and openings in the strips as elongated holes, tolerances in the spacing of the screw connections can be compensated for.

Zwischen den Formsteinen und der Wand und/oder den Leisten und der Wand kann bei der Montage ggf. ein gut wärmeleitender feuerfester Kitt oder Mörtel eingebracht werden, der die Wärmeübertragung verbessert und eventuell vorhandene Fertigungstoleranzen ausgleicht. Durch die vorgeschlagene Befestigungsart ist es dabei möglich, Formsteine, Mörtel und Wand durch das Auf- und Abbewegen der Formsteine "satt" miteinander zu verbinden und Lufteinschlüsse zu vermeiden, was die Wärmeübertragung verbessert.A good heat-conducting refractory putty or mortar can be inserted between the shaped blocks and the wall and / or the strips and the wall, which improves the heat transfer and compensates for any existing manufacturing tolerances. Due to the proposed type of fastening, it is possible to connect shaped stones, mortar and wall "up" by moving the shaped stones up and down and to avoid air pockets, which improves the heat transfer.

Ein feuerfester Formstein für eine Auskleidung der genannten Art zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß der Formstein an zwei gegenüberliegenden Rändern mit Schrägen versehen ist, wobei die Schrägen mit der wandseitigen Fläche des Formsteins spitze Winkel bilden.A refractory molded block for a lining of the type mentioned is characterized in that the molded block is provided with bevels on two opposite edges, the bevels forming acute angles with the wall-side surface of the molded block.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels.Further advantageous refinements of the invention result from the subclaims and the description of an exemplary embodiment.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Ansicht von zwei Formsteinen einer feuerfesten Auskleidung,
Figur 2
einen Schnitt längs der Linie II-II nach Fig. 1,
Figur 3
einen vergrößerten Schnitt längs der Linie III-III nach Fig. 1 und
Figur 4
eine gegenüber den Figuren 1 bis 3 vergrößerte Teilansicht einer Leiste.
The drawing shows:
Figure 1
a view of two shaped stones of a refractory lining,
Figure 2
2 shows a section along the line II-II according to FIG. 1,
Figure 3
an enlarged section along the line III-III of FIG. 1 and
Figure 4
a compared to Figures 1 to 3 enlarged partial view of a bar.

An einer Wand (1) sind Röhren (2) aus Stahl angeordnet, die über metallische Wandteile (3) verbunden sind. Zur Abschirmung der Wand (1), insbesondere der Röhren (2), gegenüber einem Feuerrungsraum (4) sind Formsteine (5) vorgesehen. Die Formsteine (5) weisen an ihrer wandseitigen Fläche (6) Ausnehmungen (7) für die Röhren (2) auf. Zwischen den Ausnehmungen (7) und den Röhren (2) sowie der wandseitigen Fläche (6) und den Wandteilen (3) besteht ein guter Wärmeübergang.Tubes (2) made of steel are arranged on a wall (1) and are connected via metallic wall parts (3). Shaped stones (5) are provided to shield the wall (1), in particular the tubes (2), from a firing chamber (4). The shaped blocks (5) have recesses (7) for the tubes (2) on their wall-side surface (6). There is good heat transfer between the recesses (7) and the tubes (2) and the wall-side surface (6) and the wall parts (3).

Die beiden gegenüberliegenden Ränder (8,9) der Formsteine (5) sind als Schrägen gestaltet, wobei die Schrägen (10) jeweils einen spitzen Winkel (a) mit der wandseitigen Fl{ähe (6) bilden. Die beiden anderen Ränder (11,12) der Formsteine (5) sind mit Stufungen (13) versehen, die so gestaltet sind, daß die Ränder (11,12) übereinander angeordneter Formsteine ineinander greifen. In Fig. 3 sind diese Stufungen bei der unten beschriebenen Leiste zu sehen.The two opposite edges (8, 9) of the shaped blocks (5) are designed as bevels, the bevels (10) each forming an acute angle (a) with the wall-side surface (6). The two other edges (11, 12) of the shaped stones (5) are provided with steps (13) which are designed so that the edges (11, 12) of shaped stones arranged one above the other engage one another. In Fig. 3, these gradations can be seen in the bar described below.

Zwischen den Schrägen (10) der Ränder (8,9) benachbarter Formsteine ist eine keilförmige Leiste (14) angeordnet. Die Leiste (14) besteht aus feuerfestem keramischem Material.A wedge-shaped bar (14) is arranged between the bevels (10) of the edges (8, 9) of adjacent shaped stones. The strip (14) consists of refractory ceramic material.

Die Leiste (14) bildet mit den Schrägen (10) korrespondierende Schrägflächen (15). Die Schrägflächen (15) liegen an den Schrägen (10) bündig an. Feuerraumseitig fluchtet die Leiste (14) mit den feuerraumseitigen Flächen (16) der Formsteine (5) etwa.The strip (14) forms inclined surfaces (15) corresponding to the bevels (10). The inclined surfaces (15) lie flush against the inclined surfaces (10). On the combustion chamber side, the strip (14) is approximately aligned with the combustion chamber-side surfaces (16) of the shaped blocks (5).

Die Höhe der Leiste (14) ist ebenso groß wie die Höhe der Formsteine (5) (vgl. Fig.1, Fig.3). Die Leiste (14) deckt also den gesamten zwischen den Schrägen (10) bestehenden Zwischenraum ab.The height of the bar (14) is the same as the height of the shaped blocks (5) (see Fig. 1, Fig. 3). The bar (14) thus covers the entire space between the slopes (10).

An der Leiste (14) sind den Stufungen (13) der Ränder (11,12) entsprechende Stufungen (17) oben und unten vorgesehen (vgl. Fig.3). Die Höhe der Leiste (14) könnte jedoch auch ein Mehrfaches der Höhe der Formsteine (5) betragen.On the bar (14) the steps (13) of the edges (11, 12) corresponding steps (17) are provided at the top and bottom (see Fig. 3). The height of the bar (14) could, however, also be a multiple of the height of the shaped blocks (5).

Zur Befestigung jeder Leiste (14) ist an das Wandteil (3) ein Gewindebolzen (18) angeschweißt. Auf diesen ist eine Abstandshülse (19) gesteckt. Der Gewindebolzen (18) durchragt eine Öffnung (20) der Leiste (14) und endet in einer Vertiefung (21) der Leiste (14). In der Vertiefung (21) liegt eine auf den Gewindebolzen (18) aufgeschraubte Mutter (22), die unter Vermittlung einer Scheibe (23) auf den Boden (24) der Vertiefung (21) drückt.A threaded bolt (18) is welded to the wall part (3) to fasten each strip (14). A spacer sleeve (19) is placed on this. The threaded bolt (18) extends through an opening (20) in the bar (14) and ends in a recess (21) in the bar (14). In the recess (21) there is a nut (22) screwed onto the threaded bolt (18) which presses on the bottom (24) of the recess (21) by means of a washer (23).

Zur Befestigung der Formsteine (5) werden diese mit ihren Ausnehmungen (7) an die Röhren (2) angesetzt. Anschließend wird zwischen zwei benachbarten Formsteinen die Leiste (14) auf den Gewindebolzen (18) gesteckt und dann die Mutter (22) angezogen. Dabei drückt die Leiste (14) mit ihren Schrägflächen (15) auf die Schrägen (10) der benachbarten Formsteine (5). Diese werden dadurch an die Röhren (2) bzw. die Wandteile (3) angedrückt und sind an diesen dauerhaft fest ohne Vergußmasse gehalten. Das Anziehen der Muttern (22) ist durch die Abstandshülse (19) begrenzt.To fix the shaped blocks (5), these are attached to the tubes (2) with their recesses (7). Then the bar (14) is placed on the threaded bolt (18) between two adjacent shaped stones and then the nut (22) attracted. The slant (14) presses with its inclined surfaces (15) onto the inclined surfaces (10) of the adjacent shaped blocks (5). As a result, these are pressed onto the tubes (2) or the wall parts (3) and are permanently held on them without potting compound. The tightening of the nuts (22) is limited by the spacer sleeve (19).

Die Kontaktfläche zwischen den Leisten (14) und den Formsteinen (5) ist vergleichsweise groß, so daß die notwendige Andruckkraft auf eine große Fläche verteilt ist. Da die Leisten (14) den gesamten Zwischenraum zwischen den Schrägen der Ränder (8,9) einnehmen und an die Schrägen (10) gedrückt sind, verbleiben keine offenen Strahlungswege, auf denen die Atmosphäre des Feuerraums (4) direkt auf die Wandteile (3) einwirken kann.The contact area between the strips (14) and the shaped stones (5) is comparatively large, so that the necessary pressure force is distributed over a large area. Since the strips (14) occupy the entire space between the bevels of the edges (8,9) and are pressed against the bevels (10), there are no open radiation paths on which the atmosphere of the firebox (4) directly onto the wall parts (3 ) can act.

Die Dicke (d) der Leiste (14) ist wenigstens halb so groß wie die Dicke (D) der Formsteine (5). Dadurch greifen die Schrägflächen (15) der Leiste (14) entsprechend tief in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Schrägen (10) ein. Dadurch ist nicht nur über die Höhe, sondern auch in der Tiefe eine vergleichsweise große Kontaktfläche erreicht. Die Dicke (d) der Leisten (14) kann auch fast ebenso groß sein wie die Dicke (D) der Formsteine (5).The thickness (d) of the bar (14) is at least half as large as the thickness (D) of the shaped blocks (5). As a result, the inclined surfaces (15) of the strip (14) engage correspondingly deep into the space between the inclines (10). This means that a comparatively large contact area is achieved not only in terms of height, but also in depth. The thickness (d) of the strips (14) can also be almost as large as the thickness (D) of the shaped blocks (5).

Nach der Montage einer horizontalen Reihe von Formsteinen (5) werden die nächstoberen - nicht dargestellten - Formsteine aufgesetzt, wobei deren Stufungen (13) hinter die Stufungen der unteren Formsteine greifen. Anschließend erfolgt die Anbringung der Leisten zwischen den Formsteinen der nächstoberen Reihe.After the assembly of a horizontal row of shaped stones (5), the next upper - not shown - shaped stones are put on, their steps (13) reaching behind the steps of the lower shaped stones. Then the strips are attached between the shaped blocks of the next row above.

Bei der Montage kann zwischen den Formsteinen (5) und der Wand (1) und/oder den Leisten (14) und der Wand (1) zusätzlich ein in den Figuren nicht näher dargestellter feuerfester Mörtel oder Kitt aufgebracht werden.During assembly, a refractory mortar or putty (not shown in the figures) can additionally be applied between the shaped blocks (5) and the wall (1) and / or the strips (14) and the wall (1).

Dabei können die Formsteine (5) -und bei Ausbildung der Vertiefungen (21) und Öffnungen (20) in den Leisten als Langlöcher auch in geringerem Maße die Leisten (14)-vor dem endgültigen Anziehen der Muttern (22) auf- und abbewegt werden, um so eine "satte" Verbindung ohne Lufteinschlüsse zu erreichen, was den Wärmeübergang weiter verbessert.The shaped blocks (5) - and if the recesses (21) and openings (20) are formed in the strips as elongated holes, the strips (14) can also be moved up and down to a lesser extent before the nuts (22) are finally tightened to achieve a "full" connection without air pockets, which further improves the heat transfer.

Nach der Montage werden die Vertiefungen (21) ggf. mit einem geeigneten Mittel verschlossen (Mörtel, Kitt, Verschlußkappen).After assembly, the depressions (21) may be closed with a suitable agent (mortar, putty, sealing caps).

Werden Leisten aus einem anderen als keramischem feuerfesten Material verwendet, kann es vorteilhaft sein, die Leisten (14) etwa tiefer zwischen die Formsteine (5) zu setzen und die feuerraumseitige Oberfläche der Leisten dann mit einem geeigneten feuerfesten Mörtel oder Kitt abzudecken.If strips made of a refractory material other than ceramic are used, it may be advantageous to place the strips (14) somewhat deeper between the shaped blocks (5) and then cover the surface of the strips on the firebox side with a suitable refractory mortar or putty.

Claims (14)

Feuerfeste Auskleidung von Wänden eines Feuerraums mit Formsteinen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Formsteine (5) jeweils an zwei gegenüberliegenden Rändern (8,9) mit Schrägen (10) versehen sind, die mit der wandseitigen Fläche (6) des Formsteins (5) spitze Winkel (a) bilden, und daß zwischen die Schrägen (10) benachbarter Formsteine (5) eine keilförmige Leiste (14) eingesetzt ist, die sich zur Wand (1) verjüngt, die an den Schrägen (10) anliegt und die an der Wand (1) befestigt die Formsteine (5) an der Wand (1) hält.Refractory lining of walls of a firebox with shaped stones,
characterized,
that the shaped blocks (5) are each provided on two opposite edges (8, 9) with bevels (10) which form acute angles (a) with the wall-side surface (6) of the shaped block (5), and that between the bevels ( 10) adjacent shaped blocks (5) a wedge-shaped strip (14) is used, which tapers to the wall (1), which abuts the slopes (10) and which fixes the shaped blocks (5) to the wall (1) on the wall (1) holds. Feuerfeste Auskleidung, bei der die Wand (1) Röhren (2) trägt und an der wandseitigen Fläche der Formsteine (5) Ausnehmungen für die Röhren vorgesehen sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Ausnehmungen (7) mittels der Leisten (14) gegen die Röhren (2) gedrückt sind.Refractory lining in which the wall (1) carries tubes (2) and recesses for the tubes are provided on the wall-side surface of the shaped blocks (5),
characterized,
that the recesses (7) are pressed against the tubes (2) by means of the strips (14). Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Schrägen (10) an den vertikalen Rändern (8,9) der Formsteine (5) angeordnet sind.Refractory lining according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the bevels (10) on the vertical edges (8,9) of the shaped blocks (5) are arranged. Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an den beiden anderen gegenüberliegenden Rändern (11,12) der Formsteine (5) Stufungen (13) ausgebildet sind, wobei die Stufungen (13) zweier benachbarter Formsteine (5) ineinander greifen.Refractory lining according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that steps (13) are formed on the two other opposite edges (11, 12) of the shaped blocks (5), the steps (13) of two adjacent shaped blocks (5) interlocking. Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an der Leiste (14) den Stufungen (13) entsprechende Stufungen (17) ausgebildet sind.Refractory lining according to claim 4,
characterized,
that on the bar (14) the steps (13) corresponding steps (17) are formed. Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Leiste (14) wenigstens ebenso lang wie die Ränder (8,9) ist, an denen sie anliegt.Refractory lining according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the bar (14) is at least as long as the edges (8,9) against which it rests. Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Dicke (d) der Leiste (14) wenigstens etwa halb so groß ist wie die Dicke (D) der Formsteine (5).Refractory lining according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the thickness (d) of the strip (14) is at least about half as large as the thickness (D) of the shaped blocks (5). Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Leiste (14) wenigstens eine Vertiefung (21) und in dieser eine Öffnung (20) für die Aufnahme einer Schraubverbindung (18,22) mit der Wand (1) aufweist.Refractory lining according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the bar (14) has at least one recess (21) and in this an opening (20) for receiving a screw connection (18, 22) with the wall (1). Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Vertiefung (21) und die Öffnung (20) als Langloch ausgebildet sind.Refractory lining according to claim 8,
characterized,
that the recess (21) and the opening (20) are designed as an elongated hole. Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Leiste (14) feuerraumseitig mit den feuerraumseitigen Flächen (16) der Formsteine (5) etwa fluchtet.Refractory lining according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the bar (14) on the firebox side is approximately aligned with the firebox-side surfaces (16) of the shaped blocks (5). Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Leiste (14) aus feuerfestem keramischem Material besteht.Refractory lining according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the bar (14) consists of refractory ceramic material. Feuerfeste Auskleidung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwischen den Formsteinen (5) und der Wand (1) und/oder den Leisten (14) und der Wand (1) eine Schicht feuerfesten Mörtels oder Kitts eingebracht ist.Refractory lining according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that a layer of refractory mortar or putty is introduced between the shaped blocks (5) and the wall (1) and / or the strips (14) and the wall (1). Feuerfester keramischer Formstein für eine Auskleidung einer Wand,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zwei gegenüberliegende Ränder (8,9) des Formsteins (5) als Schrägen (10) gestaltet sind, wobei die Schrägen (10) mit der wandseitigen Fläche (6) des Formsteins (5) spitze Winkel (a) bilden.Refractory ceramic molded block for lining a wall,
characterized,
that two opposite edges (8,9) of the shaped block (5) are designed as bevels (10), the bevels (10) forming an acute angle (a) with the wall-side surface (6) of the shaped block (5). Feuerfester keramischer Formstein nach Anspruch 11,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an den anderen Rändern (11,12) des Formsteins (5) Stufungen (13) ausgebildet sind.Refractory ceramic molded block according to claim 11,
characterized,
that steps (13) are formed on the other edges (11, 12) of the shaped block (5).
EP94103545A 1993-07-21 1994-03-09 Refractory lining for walls and shaped brick therefor Ceased EP0635678A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4324423 1993-07-21
DE19934324423 DE4324423C1 (en) 1993-07-21 1993-07-21 Refractory lining fixing for furnaces - esp. rubbish incinerators with heat recovery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0635678A1 true EP0635678A1 (en) 1995-01-25

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ID=6493328

Family Applications (1)

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DE (1) DE4324423C1 (en)

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DE19638711A1 (en) * 1996-09-21 1998-03-26 Karrena Gmbh Fire-resistant lining for combustion-chamber of recessed bricks
DE19645390C2 (en) * 1996-11-04 2000-01-13 Metallgesellschaft Ag Medium or high pressure heat exchanger with a heat-insulating cladding
WO1998053262A1 (en) * 1997-05-22 1998-11-26 Cobb Refractories Ltd Monolithic construction using precast stopend block
DE19733998B4 (en) * 1997-08-06 2006-01-26 Karrena Gmbh Forming stones for the lining of a firebox and firebox interior wall
FR2785374B1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-01-19 Lafarge Refractaires Monolithi COATING AND METHOD FOR TRIMMING A WALL OF A THERMAL AND BRICK APPARATUS AND ANCHORING THEREOF
DE202005018131U1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2006-01-26 Karrena Gmbh Fireproof molded stone
DE102009024128B3 (en) * 2009-06-06 2010-09-16 Ooms-Ittner-Hof Gmbh Refractory plate for a pipe wall cladding
EP2818816B9 (en) * 2013-06-28 2016-10-05 Refractory Intellectual Property GmbH & Co. KG Multilayer cooling panel and electric arc furnace

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