EP0281863A1 - Protection device for boiler walls, particularly for waste incinerators, and method of manufacturing the device - Google Patents

Protection device for boiler walls, particularly for waste incinerators, and method of manufacturing the device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0281863A1
EP0281863A1 EP88102796A EP88102796A EP0281863A1 EP 0281863 A1 EP0281863 A1 EP 0281863A1 EP 88102796 A EP88102796 A EP 88102796A EP 88102796 A EP88102796 A EP 88102796A EP 0281863 A1 EP0281863 A1 EP 0281863A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fins
tubes
bricks
vertical
refractory
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Granted
Application number
EP88102796A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0281863B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Fournier
Adrian Casariego
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Stein Industrie SA
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Stein Industrie SA
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Priority to AT88102796T priority Critical patent/ATE58223T1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/04—Supports for linings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0018—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes
    • F27D2009/0021—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine
    • F27D2009/0027—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine linked by elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0051—Cooling of furnaces comprising use of studs to transfer heat or retain the liner
    • F27D2009/0054—Cooling of furnaces comprising use of studs to transfer heat or retain the liner adapted to retain formed bricks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S122/00—Liquid heaters and vaporizers
    • Y10S122/13—Tubes - composition and protection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49387—Boiler making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for protecting screens of heat recovery boilers, in particular for waste incineration ovens, these screens being formed from vertical tubes joined by welded securing fins, disposed behind refractory bricks and being provided with means for hanging refractory bricks. It also extends to a method of manufacturing this device.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for protecting the screens of such boilers which is not exposed to progressive destruction by oxidation of poorly cooled metal parts, and which therefore has good longevity, but which is however simple structure and easy to manufacture.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that the means for hooking the bricks are vertical auxiliary fins making an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° with the plane of the securing fins, in that the auxiliary fins are periodically interrupted on vertical sections of tubes, in that a first part of the refractory bricks is provided with vertical notches of width and thickness corresponding to those of the auxiliary fins, extending only over a fraction of their height from the bottom, and the another part of vertical notches extending over their entire height, and in that the bricks of the first part are hung on the upper part of the auxiliary fins and the bricks of the other part strung on these auxiliary fins above a brick from the first part.
  • the auxiliary fins make an angle of about 45 ° with the plane of the securing fins.
  • the width of the auxiliary fins is at most equal to half the width of the securing fins separating the tubes, so that these fins are at a low temperature.
  • the vertical notches in the first part of the refractory bricks extend over half their height from the bottom.
  • the refractory bricks are also secured by vertical refractory cylindrical rods engaging in vertical grooves which they comprise in their external zone, the most distant from the fins for securing the tubes.
  • the refractory bricks are joined by horizontal refractory cylindrical rods engaging in horizontal grooves which they comprise in their external zone.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention of such a device is characterized in that a longitudinal fin which is interrupted periodically over a fraction of its height is welded between pairs of tubes, in which the connecting fin is cut each pair of tubes in its middle, thus forming on each tube an auxiliary fin of small width, in that the elementary tubes are arranged parallel in a plane, the auxiliary fins making an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° by relative to this plan and being oriented towards each other, in that we bring together the tubes between them by means of securing fins welded between the adjacent tubes, in that one puts on the upper part of a pair of auxiliary fins a refractory brick provided with vertical notches of corresponding width and thickness to those of the auxiliary fin and extending only over a fraction of their height from the bottom, in that one threads on the pair of auxiliary fins above the first refractory brick at least one other refractory brick provided with vertical notches over its entire height, and in that the operation is repeated over the entire height of the tubes.
  • Welding is preferably carried out on the pairs of tubes of the initial longitudinal fin, then the welds between the tubes of securing fins, using an automatic machine with a consumable weld fit.
  • the bricks are advantageously secured to one another by engaging refractory vertical cylindrical rods in vertical grooves of the bricks facing each other in their external zone, more distant from the tubes joining fins, and possibly by engaging horizontal cylindrical rods. refractory in horizontal grooves facing the bricks in their external zone, the furthest from the fins for securing the tubes.
  • welded fins for example 38 mm wide by 750 mm high, interrupted every 1000 mm over a length of 250 mm, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • These fins are welded by means of an automatic machine of known type, for example with consumable welding wire, ensuring a very good and constant quality of welding.
  • These tubes are placed side by side, divided into groups of two such as 1, 2, 1A, 2A, in which the short fins of two tubes of each group are turned towards each other and make with the plane of the axes tubes with an angle ⁇ of between 30 ° and 60 °, and preferably around 45 °, as shown in FIG. 3, and panels are formed by connecting the tubes together by means of fins 13 welded to the tubes by cords such as 14, 15.
  • These welds are also made by means of an automatic machine ensuring a very good and constant quality of weld.
  • this fin Being small (width less than diameter external of the tubes), this fin is very well cooled by the fluid circulating in the tube.
  • the "type A" bricks shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, have vertical notches 16, 17 of width and depth slightly greater than the thickness and width of the short fins, these notches extending over half lower than their height. They have cylindrical recesses 18, 19 with a radius slightly greater than the radius of the tubes.
  • the "type B” bricks shown in fig. 6 and 7, have vertical notches 20, 21 of width and depth slightly greater than the thickness and width of the short fins, like those of the "type A", but extending over their entire height.
  • Their cylindrical recesses 22, 23 have a radius corresponding to the radius of the tubes.
  • a brick 8 of the "type A” is threaded through the opening located between two short ribs (opening 9 in FIG. 8).
  • bricks are supported on the top of the short fins 5A, 5B.
  • bricks of "type B” are successively threaded, for example three bricks 10, 11, 12.
  • a brick 8A of "type A is threaded through the same opening ", And so on.
  • Figure 9 shows in more detail a completed protection element.
  • the width 1 of the short fins 3A, 3B arranged in the notches such as 20, 21 of the opposite brick, is preferably close to half that of the fins 13 connecting the adjacent tubes, so that they remain at a low temperature. (below 450 ° C).
  • Two adjacent bricks are joined together using vertical rods in refractory material such as 24 threads in the grooves opposite 24A, 24B of the bricks. We can add to them horizontal rods, not shown.
  • a refractory cement slurry 25 is injected to ensure the setting between the bricks and between the screen and the bricks and to avoid the passage of smoke along the screen.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

Vertical tubes joined to each other by means of welded coupling fins and forming boiler baffles for refuse incinerators are placed between refractory bricks and provided with vertical auxiliary anchoring fins which make an angle of 30 DEG to 60 DEG with the plane of the coupling fins and are interrupted at intervals over vertical sections of the tubes. One portion of the bricks is provided with vertical recesses corresponding to the auxiliary fins over a fraction of their height from the bottom and the other portion of the bricks is provided with vertical recesses up to their full height. The bricks of the first portion are anchored to the top portion of the auxiliary fins and the bricks of the other portion are engaged on these fins above a brick of the first portion.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de protection d'écrans de chaudières de récupération de chaleur, notamment pour fours d'incinération d'ordures, ces écrans étant formés de tubes verticaux réunis par des ailettes de solidarisation soudées, disposés derrière des briques réfractaires et étant munis de moyens d'accrochage des briques réfractaires. Elle s'étend en outre à un procédé de fabrication de ce dispositif.The present invention relates to a device for protecting screens of heat recovery boilers, in particular for waste incineration ovens, these screens being formed from vertical tubes joined by welded securing fins, disposed behind refractory bricks and being provided with means for hanging refractory bricks. It also extends to a method of manufacturing this device.

Dans les chaudières les plus récentes, comprenant des écrans obtenus par soudure longitudinale d'ailettes entre les tubes adjacents, on a notamment proposé dans le document FR-A-2495284 de fixer les briques réfractaires de protection contre les gaz de combustion très chauds corrosifs en soudant sur chacun des tubes des séries de pattes perpendiculaires au plan des ailettes de jonction et d'axe horizontal, sur lesquels on accrochait les briques.In the most recent boilers, comprising screens obtained by longitudinal welding of fins between the adjacent tubes, it has notably been proposed in document FR-A-2495284 to fix the refractory bricks for protection against very hot corrosive combustion gases by welding on each of the tubes a series of legs perpendicular to the plane of the junction fins and horizontal axis, on which the bricks were hung.

Toutefois ces pattes étaient mal refroidies, étant donné leur éloingnement des tubes, de sorte qu'elles se détruisaient assez rapidement par oxydation, ce qui entraînait la mise hors d'usage progressive du supportage des briques, en particulier dans la partie basse du foyer située juste au-dessus des fours d'incinération. La réfection d'une telle protection des tubes occasionnait des arrêts de longue durée des chaudières et des frais très importants.However, these legs were poorly cooled, given their distance from the tubes, so that they were destroyed fairly quickly by oxidation, which led to the gradual phasing out of the support of the bricks, in particular in the lower part of the hearth located just above the incineration ovens. The repair of such tube protection caused long-term shutdowns of the boilers and very significant costs.

La présente invention a pour but de procurer un dispositif de protection d'écrans de telles chaudières qui ne soit pas exposée à une destruction progressive par oxydation de parties métalliques mal refroidies, et qui de ce fait présente une bonne longévité, mais qui soit cependant de structure simple et de fabrication aisée.The object of the present invention is to provide a device for protecting the screens of such boilers which is not exposed to progressive destruction by oxidation of poorly cooled metal parts, and which therefore has good longevity, but which is however simple structure and easy to manufacture.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'accrochage des briques sont des ailettes auxiliaires verticales faisant un angle compris entre 30° et 60° avec le plan des ailettes de solidarisation, en ce que les ailettes auxiliaires sont interrompues périodiquement sur des tronçons verticaux des tubes, en ce qu'une première partie des briques réfractaires est munie d'encoches verticales de largeur et d'épaisseur correspondant à celles des ailettes auxiliaires, ne s'étandant que sur une fraction de leur hauteur à partir du bas, et l'autre partie d'encoches verticale s'étendant surtoute leur hauteur, et en ce que les briques de la première partie sont accrochées sur la partie supérieure des ailettes auxiliaires et les briques de l'autre parties enfilées sur ces ailettes auxiliaires au-dessus d'une brique de la première partie.The device according to the invention is characterized in that the means for hooking the bricks are vertical auxiliary fins making an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° with the plane of the securing fins, in that the auxiliary fins are periodically interrupted on vertical sections of tubes, in that a first part of the refractory bricks is provided with vertical notches of width and thickness corresponding to those of the auxiliary fins, extending only over a fraction of their height from the bottom, and the another part of vertical notches extending over their entire height, and in that the bricks of the first part are hung on the upper part of the auxiliary fins and the bricks of the other part strung on these auxiliary fins above a brick from the first part.

Il répond en outre de préférence à au moins l'une des caractéris­tiques suivantes :
    - Les ailettes auxiliaires font un angle d'environ 45° avec le plan des ailettes de solidarisation.
    - La largeur des ailettes auxiliaires est au plus égale à la moitié de la largeur des ailettes de solidarisation séparant les tubes, de façon que ces ailettes soient à une température basse.
    - Les encoches verticales de la première partie des briques réfractaires s'étendent sur la moitié de leur hauteur à partir du bas.
    - Les briques réfractaires sont en outre solidarisées par des joncs cylindriques réfractaires verticaux s'engageant dans des gorges verticales qu'elles comportent dans leur zone externe, la plus éloignée des ailettes de solidarisation des tubes.
    - Les briques réfractaires sont solidarisées par des joncs cylindriques réfractaires horizontaux s'engageant dans des gorges horizontales qu'elles comportent dans leur zone externe.It also preferably meets at least one of the following characteristics:
- The auxiliary fins make an angle of about 45 ° with the plane of the securing fins.
- The width of the auxiliary fins is at most equal to half the width of the securing fins separating the tubes, so that these fins are at a low temperature.
- The vertical notches in the first part of the refractory bricks extend over half their height from the bottom.
- The refractory bricks are also secured by vertical refractory cylindrical rods engaging in vertical grooves which they comprise in their external zone, the most distant from the fins for securing the tubes.
- The refractory bricks are joined by horizontal refractory cylindrical rods engaging in horizontal grooves which they comprise in their external zone.

Le procédé de fabrication selon l'invention d'un tel dispositif est caractérisé en ce que l'on soude entre des couples de tubes une ailette longitudinale interrompue périodiquement sur une fraction de sa hauteur, en ce que l'on coupe l'ailette reliant chaque couple de tubes dans son milieu, en formant ainsi sur chaque tube une ailette auxiliaire de faible largeur, en ce que l'on dispose les tubes élémentaires parallèlement dans un plan, les ailettes auxiliaires faisant un angle compris entre 30° et 60° par rapport à ce plan et étant orientées l'une vers l'autre, en ce que l'on réunit les tubes entre eux au moyen d'ailettes de solidarisation soudées entre les tubes adjacents, en ce que l'on enfile sur la partie supérieure d'un couple d'ailettes auxiliaires une brique réfractaire munie d'encoches verticales de largeur et d'épaisseur correspondant à celles de l'ailette auxiliare et ne s'étendant que sur une fraction de leur hauteur à partir du bas, en ce que l'on enfile sur le couple d'ailettes auxiliaires au-dessus de la première brique réfractaire au moins une autre brique réfractaire munie d'encoches verticales sur toute sa hauteur, et en ce que l'on répéte l'opération sur toute la hauteur des tubes.The manufacturing method according to the invention of such a device is characterized in that a longitudinal fin which is interrupted periodically over a fraction of its height is welded between pairs of tubes, in which the connecting fin is cut each pair of tubes in its middle, thus forming on each tube an auxiliary fin of small width, in that the elementary tubes are arranged parallel in a plane, the auxiliary fins making an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° by relative to this plan and being oriented towards each other, in that we bring together the tubes between them by means of securing fins welded between the adjacent tubes, in that one puts on the upper part of a pair of auxiliary fins a refractory brick provided with vertical notches of corresponding width and thickness to those of the auxiliary fin and extending only over a fraction of their height from the bottom, in that one threads on the pair of auxiliary fins above the first refractory brick at least one other refractory brick provided with vertical notches over its entire height, and in that the operation is repeated over the entire height of the tubes.

On effectue de préférence le soudage sur les couples de tubes de l'ailettte longitudinale initiale, puis les soudages entre les tubes d'ailettes de solidarisation, à l'aide d'une machine automatique à fit de soudure consommable.Welding is preferably carried out on the pairs of tubes of the initial longitudinal fin, then the welds between the tubes of securing fins, using an automatic machine with a consumable weld fit.

On solidarise avantageusement en outre les briques entre elles en engageant des joncs cylindriques verticaux réfractaires dans des gorges verticales des briques en vis-à-vis dans leurs zone externe, plus éloignée das ailettes de solidarisation des tubes, et éventuellement en engageant des joncs cylindriques hori­zontaux réfractaires dans des gorges horizontales des briques en vis-à-vis dans leur zone externe, le plus éloignée des ailettes de solidarisation des tubes.The bricks are advantageously secured to one another by engaging refractory vertical cylindrical rods in vertical grooves of the bricks facing each other in their external zone, more distant from the tubes joining fins, and possibly by engaging horizontal cylindrical rods. refractory in horizontal grooves facing the bricks in their external zone, the furthest from the fins for securing the tubes.

Il est décrit ci-après à titre d'exemple et en référence aux figures schématiquement du dessin annexé, un dispositif de protection selon l'invention d'un écran de chaudière pour foyer de four d'inciné­ration d'ordures.

  • - La figure 1 représente un couple de tubes après la soudure entre eux d'une ailette interrompue à intervalles réguliers sur leur hauteur, au début de la fabrication du dispositif de protection ;
  • - La figure 2 représente ce même couple de tubes en coupe selon l'axe II-II de la figure 1 ;
  • - La figure 3 représente en coupe par un plan horizontal des tubes adjacents reliés par des ailettes de solidarisation et munis chacun d'une ailette auxiliaire d'accrochage de briques réfrac­taires ;
  • - La figure 4 représente en élévation une brique d'un premier type dit "type A" à encoche verticale partielle ;
  • - La figure 5 est une vue en plan de dessus après retournement de la même brique ;
  • - La figure 6 représente en élévation une brique de deuxième type dit "type B", à encoche verticale sur toute sa hauteur ;
  • - La figure 7 est une vue en plan de dessous de la même brique ;
  • - La figure 8 représente en élévation avec arrachement partiel des tubes adjacents munis de leurs briques de protection ;
  • - La figure 9 est une vue partielle en coupe à plus grande échelle d'un écran de protection, pourvu de ses briques de protection et de joncs verticaux de solidarisation de ses briques.
It is described below by way of example and with reference to the figures schematically in the appended drawing, a protection device according to the invention for a boiler screen for a hearth of a waste incineration oven.
  • - Figure 1 shows a couple of tubes after welding between them a fin interrupted at regular intervals over their height, at the start of the manufacture of the protection device;
  • - Figure 2 shows the same pair of tubes in section along the axis II-II of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 shows in section through a horizontal plane of the adjacent tubes connected by securing fins and each provided with an auxiliary fin for hanging refractory bricks;
  • - Figure 4 shows in elevation a brick of a first type called "type A" with partial vertical notch;
  • - Figure 5 is a top plan view after turning the same brick;
  • - Figure 6 shows in elevation a second type of brick called "type B", with vertical notch over its entire height;
  • - Figure 7 is a bottom plan view of the same brick;
  • - Figure 8 shows in elevation with partial cutaway of the adjacent tubes provided with their protective bricks;
  • - Figure 9 is a partial sectional view on a larger scale of a protective screen, provided with its protective bricks and vertical rods for securing its bricks.

Pour la fabrication d'un écran de chaudière, on commence par constituer des couples de tubes reliés par des ailettes soudées, par exemple de 38 mm de large sur 750 mm de hauteur, interrompues tous les 1 000 mm sur une longueur de 250 mm, comme représenté en figure 1 et 2. Ces ailettes sont soudées au moyen d'une machine automatique de type connu, par exemple à fil de soudure consommable, assurant une qualité de soudure très bonne et constante.For the manufacture of a boiler screen, one starts by forming pairs of tubes connected by welded fins, for example 38 mm wide by 750 mm high, interrupted every 1000 mm over a length of 250 mm, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. These fins are welded by means of an automatic machine of known type, for example with consumable welding wire, ensuring a very good and constant quality of welding.

On coupe alors les ailettes reliant les deux tubes de chaque couple dans leur milieu, selon les axes X-X de la figure 1 et Y-­Y de la figure 2. On obtient donc des tubes individuels munis de courtes ailettes de 750 mm de hauteur avec des jours de 250 mm entre les ailettes.We then cut the fins connecting the two tubes of each couple in their middle, along the axes XX of Figure 1 and Y-Y of Figure 2. We therefore obtain individual tubes with short fins 750 mm high with 250 mm days between the fins.

On dispose ces tubes côte à côte, répartis en groupes de deux tels que 1, 2, 1A, 2A, dans lesquels les courtes ailettes de deux tubes de chaque groupe sont tournées l'une vers l'autre et font avec le plan des axes des tubes un angle α compris entre 30° et 60°, et de préférence voisin de 45°, comme représenté en figure 3, et on constitue des panneaux en reliant les tubes entre eux au moyen d'ailettes 13 soudées aux tubes par des cordons de soudure tels que 14, 15. Ces soudures sont également faites au moyen d'une machine automatique assurant une qualité de soudure très bonne et constante.These tubes are placed side by side, divided into groups of two such as 1, 2, 1A, 2A, in which the short fins of two tubes of each group are turned towards each other and make with the plane of the axes tubes with an angle α of between 30 ° and 60 °, and preferably around 45 °, as shown in FIG. 3, and panels are formed by connecting the tubes together by means of fins 13 welded to the tubes by cords such as 14, 15. These welds are also made by means of an automatic machine ensuring a very good and constant quality of weld.

Etant de petite dimension (largeur inférieure au diamètre externe des tubes), cette ailette est très bien refroidie par le fluide circulant dans le tube.Being small (width less than diameter external of the tubes), this fin is very well cooled by the fluid circulating in the tube.

La protection des tubes contre les gaz chaudes corrosifs est assurée au moyen de briques en matériau réfractaire, par exemple à base de carbure de silicium, de deux types qui seront désignés ci-après "type A" et type "type B", représentées en élévation et un plan dans les figures 4, 5, 6 et 7, et plus en détail, associées aux tubes correspondants, en élévation dans la figure 8 et en coupe dans la figure 9.The protection of the tubes against corrosive hot gases is ensured by means of bricks of refractory material, for example based on silicon carbide, of two types which will be designated hereinafter "type A" and type "type B", shown in elevation and a plan in FIGS. 4, 5, 6 and 7, and in more detail, associated with the corresponding tubes, in elevation in FIG. 8 and in section in FIG. 9.

Les briques du "type A", représentées en figure 4 et 5, comportent des encoches verticales 16, 17 de largeur et de profondeur un peu supérieures à l'épaisseur et à la largeur des courtes ailettes, ces encoches s'étendant sur la moitié inférieure de leur hauteur. Elles présentent des creux cylindriques 18, 19 de rayon un peu supérieur au rayon des tubes.The "type A" bricks, shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, have vertical notches 16, 17 of width and depth slightly greater than the thickness and width of the short fins, these notches extending over half lower than their height. They have cylindrical recesses 18, 19 with a radius slightly greater than the radius of the tubes.

Les briques du "types B", représentées en figue 6 et 7, comportent des encoches verticales 20, 21 de largeur et de profondeur un peu supérieures à l'épaisseur et à la largeur des courtes ailettes, comme celles du "type A", mais s'étendant sur toute leur hauteur. Leurs creux cylindriques 22, 23 sont de rayon correspondant au rayon des tubes.The "type B" bricks, shown in fig. 6 and 7, have vertical notches 20, 21 of width and depth slightly greater than the thickness and width of the short fins, like those of the "type A", but extending over their entire height. Their cylindrical recesses 22, 23 have a radius corresponding to the radius of the tubes.

Pour constituer la protection réfractaire de l'écran de tubes, on enfile une brique 8 du "type A" par l'ouverture située entre deux courtes nervures (ouverture 9 de la figure 8).To constitute the refractory protection of the tube screen, a brick 8 of the "type A" is threaded through the opening located between two short ribs (opening 9 in FIG. 8).

Ces briques prennent appui sur le sommet des courtes ailettes 5A, 5B. Par l'ouverture située au-dessus des courtes ailettes 3A, 3B, on enfile successivement des briques du "type B", par exemple trois briques 10, 11, 12. Puis on enfile par la même ouverture une brique 8A de "type A", et ainsi de suite.These bricks are supported on the top of the short fins 5A, 5B. Through the opening located above the short fins 3A, 3B, bricks of "type B" are successively threaded, for example three bricks 10, 11, 12. Then a brick 8A of "type A is threaded through the same opening ", And so on.

La figure 9 représente plus en détail un élément de protection terminée. La largeur 1 des courtes ailettes 3A, 3B disposées dans les encoches telles que 20, 21 de la brique opposée, est de préférence voisine de la moitié de celle des ailettes 13 reliant les tubes adjacents, de sorte qu'elles restent à une température basse (inférieure à 450° C). Deux briques adjacentes sont solidarisées à l'aide de joncs verticaux en matériau réfractaire tels que 24 enfiles dans les gorges en vis-à-vis 24A, 24B des briques. On peut leur adjoindre des joncs horizontaux, non représentés. On injecte un coulis de ciment réfractaire 25 pour assurer la prise entre les briques et entre l'écran et les briques et éviter les passges de fumées le long de l'écran.Figure 9 shows in more detail a completed protection element. The width 1 of the short fins 3A, 3B arranged in the notches such as 20, 21 of the opposite brick, is preferably close to half that of the fins 13 connecting the adjacent tubes, so that they remain at a low temperature. (below 450 ° C). Two adjacent bricks are joined together using vertical rods in refractory material such as 24 threads in the grooves opposite 24A, 24B of the bricks. We can add to them horizontal rods, not shown. A refractory cement slurry 25 is injected to ensure the setting between the bricks and between the screen and the bricks and to avoid the passage of smoke along the screen.

Claims (10)

1/ Dispositif de protection d'écrans de chaudières de récupération de chaleur, notamment pour fours d'incinération d'ordures, ces écrans étant formés de tubes verticaux (1, 2) réunis par des ailettes de solidarisation soudées (13), disposés derrière des briques réfrac­taires (11) et étant munis de moyens d'accrochage des briques réfractai­res soudés à ces tubes,
caractérisé en ce que ces moyens d'accrochage sont des ailettes auxiliaires verticales (3A, 3B ; 5A, 5B) faisant un angle compris entre 30° et 60° avec le plan des ailettes de solidarisation (13), en ce que les ailettes auxiliaires sont interrompues périodiquement (8) sur des tronçons verticaux des tubes, en ce qu'une première partie (8, 8A) des briques réfractaires est munie d'encoches verticales (16, 17) de largeur et d'épaisseur correspondant à celles des ailettes auxiliaires, ne s'étendant que sur une fraction de leur hauteur à partir du bas, et l'autre partie (10, 11, 12) d'encoches verticales (20, 21) s'étendant sur toute leur hauteur, et en ce les briques de la première partie (8, 8A) sont accrochées sur la partie supérieure des ailettes auxiliaires (3A, 3B ; 5A, 5B), et les briques de l'autre partie (10, 11, 12) enfilées sur ces ailettes auxiliaires au-dessus d'une brique de la première partie.1 / Device for protecting screens of heat recovery boilers, in particular for refuse incineration ovens, these screens being formed from vertical tubes (1, 2) joined by welded securing fins (13), arranged behind refractory bricks (11) and being provided with means for hooking refractory bricks welded to these tubes,
characterized in that these attachment means are vertical auxiliary fins (3A, 3B; 5A, 5B) making an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° with the plane of the securing fins (13), in that the auxiliary fins are periodically interrupted (8) on vertical sections of the tubes, in that a first part (8, 8A) of the refractory bricks is provided with vertical notches (16, 17) of width and thickness corresponding to those of the fins auxiliary, extending only over a fraction of their height from the bottom, and the other part (10, 11, 12) of vertical notches (20, 21) extending over their entire height, and in this the bricks of the first part (8, 8A) are hung on the upper part of the auxiliary fins (3A, 3B; 5A, 5B), and the bricks of the other part (10, 11, 12) strung on these auxiliary fins above a brick from the first part. 2/ Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ailettes auxiliaires font un angle d'environ 45° avec le plan des ailettes de solidarisation.2 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the auxiliary fins make an angle of about 45 ° with the plane of the securing fins. 3/ Dispositif selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la largeur des ailettes auxiliaires (3A, 3B ; 5A, 5B) est au plus égale à la moitié de la largeur des ailettes de solidarisation séparent les tubes, de façon que ces ailettes soient à une température basse.3 / Device according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the width of the auxiliary fins (3A, 3B; 5A, 5B) is at most equal to half the width of the securing fins separate the tubes, so that these fins are at a low temperature. 4/ Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les encoches verticales (18, 19) de la première partie des briques réfractaires s'étendent sur la moitié de leur hauteur à partir du bas.4 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vertical notches (18, 19) of the first part of the refractory bricks extend over half their height from the bottom. 5/ Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les briques réfractaires sont en outre solidarisées par des joncs cylindriques réfractaires verticaux (24) s'engageant dans des gorges verticales (24A, 24B) qu'elles comportent dans leur zone externe la plus éloignée des ailettes de solidarisation des tubes.5 / Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the refractory bricks are also secured by vertical refractory cylindrical rods (24) engaging in vertical grooves (24A, 24B) which they comprise in their external zone furthest from the fins for securing the tubes. 6/ Dispositif selon la revendications 5, caractérisé en ce que les briques réfractaires sont solidarisées par des joncs cylindriques réfractaires horizontaux s'engageant dans des gorges horizontales qu'elles comportent dans leur zone externe.6 / Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the refractory bricks are secured by horizontal refractory cylindrical rods engaging in horizontal grooves that they include in their outer area. 7/ Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de protection d'écrans de chaudières pour four d'incinération d'ordures selon la revendica­tion 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on soude entre des couples de tubes (1, 2) une ailette longitudinale (3) interrompue périodiquement sur une fraction de sa hauteur, en ce que l'on coupe l'ailette reliant chaque couple de tubes dans son milieu en formant ainsi sur chaque tube une ailette auxiliaire (3A, 3B) de faible largeur, en ce que l'on dispose les tubes élémentaires parallèlement dans un plan, les ailettes auxiliaires (3A, 3B) faisant un angle compris entre 30° et 60° par rapport à ce plan et étant orientées l'une vers l'autre, en ce que l'on réunit les tubes entre eux au moyen d'ailettes de solidarisation (13) soudées (14, 15) entre les tubes adjacents, en ce que l'on enfile sur la partie supérieure d'un couple d'ailettes auxiliaires (5A, 5B) une brique réfractaire (9) munie d'encoches verticales (16, 17) de largeur et de profondeur correspondant à l'épaisseur et à la largeur des ailettes auxiliaires et ne s'étendant que sur une fraction de leur hauteur à partir du bas, en ce que l'on enfile sur le couple d'ailettes auxiliaires au-dessus de la première brique réfractaire au moins une autre brique réfractaire (10, 11, 12) munie d'encoches verticales (20, 21) sur toute sa hauteur, et en ce que l'on répéte l'opération sur toute sa hauteur des tubes.7 / A method of manufacturing a device for protecting screens of boilers for refuse incineration furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a longitudinal fin is welded between pairs of tubes (1, 2) (3) periodically interrupted over a fraction of its height, in that the fin is cut connecting each pair of tubes in its middle, thus forming on each tube an auxiliary fin (3A, 3B) of small width, in that that the elementary tubes are placed parallel in a plane, the auxiliary fins (3A, 3B) making an angle between 30 ° and 60 ° relative to this plane and being oriented towards each other, in that the tubes are joined together by means of fastening fins (13) welded (14, 15) between the adjacent tubes, in that one threads on the upper part of a pair of auxiliary fins (5A , 5B) a refractory brick (9) provided with vertical notches (16, 17) of width and depth corresponding to the thickness and width of the auxiliary fins and extending only over a fraction of their height from the bottom, in that one threads on the pair of auxiliary fins above the first refractory brick at least one another refractory brick (10, 11, 12) provided with vertical notches (20, 21) over its entire height, and in that the operation is repeated over its entire height of the tubes. 8/ Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on effectue le soudage sur les couples de tubes de l'ailette longitudinale initiale (3), puis les soudages entre les tubes d'ailettes de solida­risation (13), à l'aide d'une machine automatique à fil de soudure consommable.8 / A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the welding is carried out on the pairs of tubes of the initial longitudinal fin (3), then the welds between the tubes of securing fins (13), at l using an automatic consumable welding wire machine. 9/ Procédé selon les revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on solidarise en outre les briques entre elles en engageant des joncs cylindriques verticaux refractaires (16) dans des gorges verticales (16A, 16B) des briques en vis-à-vis dans leurs zone externe, plus éloignée des ailettes de solidarisation des tubes.9 / A method according to claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the bricks are also joined together by engaging refractory vertical cylindrical rods (16) in vertical grooves (16A, 16B) facing bricks screws in their external zone, farther from the attachment tubes. 10/ Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on solidarise les briques entre elles en engageant des joncs cylindriques horizontaux réfractaires dans leur zone externe, les plus éloignée des ailettes de solidarisation des tubes.10 / A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the bricks are joined together by engaging refractory horizontal cylindrical rods in their outer zone, the most distant from the fins for securing the tubes.
EP88102796A 1987-02-27 1988-02-25 Protection device for boiler walls, particularly for waste incinerators, and method of manufacturing the device Expired - Lifetime EP0281863B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88102796T ATE58223T1 (en) 1987-02-27 1988-02-25 PROTECTIVE DEVICE FOR BOILER WALLS, PARTICULARLY FOR WASTE INCINERATORS, AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF SUCH DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702673 1987-02-27
FR8702673A FR2611864B1 (en) 1987-02-27 1987-02-27 DEVICE FOR PROTECTING BOILER SCREENS, PARTICULARLY FOR GARBAGE INCINERATION FURNACES, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME

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EP0281863A1 true EP0281863A1 (en) 1988-09-14
EP0281863B1 EP0281863B1 (en) 1990-11-07

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EP (1) EP0281863B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS63233201A (en)
AT (1) ATE58223T1 (en)
AU (1) AU593203B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8800846A (en)
CA (1) CA1290197C (en)
DE (1) DE3860958D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2018702B3 (en)
FR (1) FR2611864B1 (en)

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WO1995033956A1 (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-14 Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation Novel water wall tube block design
DE19635292A1 (en) * 1995-09-01 1997-03-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Heat resistant protective block for boiler
WO1998053262A1 (en) * 1997-05-22 1998-11-26 Cobb Refractories Ltd Monolithic construction using precast stopend block
EP1124094A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-16 Didier-Werke Ag Refractory ceramic tile and associated wall construction for a furnace
CH699405A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-02-26 Mokesys Ag Refractory wall, in particular for an incinerator.
EP2857750A1 (en) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-08 Veolia Proprete Shaped refractory brick

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FR2624952B1 (en) * 1987-12-22 1990-04-06 Stein Industrie DEVICE FOR PROTECTING A HEAT RECOVERY BOILER SCREEN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF
FR2635576B1 (en) * 1988-08-22 1990-12-14 Stein Industrie DEVICE FOR PROTECTING BOILER SCREENS, PARTICULARLY FOR GARBAGE INCINERATION FURNACES, AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
US5154139A (en) * 1990-05-14 1992-10-13 Norton Company Refractory tube block
US5094292A (en) * 1991-06-10 1992-03-10 Buckshaw Dennis J Tube shield
US5154648A (en) * 1991-08-23 1992-10-13 Buckshaw Dennis J Tube shield
US5243801A (en) * 1992-02-20 1993-09-14 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Refractory tile for heat exchanger protection
US5397110A (en) * 1993-02-08 1995-03-14 North American Refractories Company Refractory brick and method of making and using same
US5437247A (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-08-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Drop down corbelling (LAW029)
US5474123A (en) * 1994-04-19 1995-12-12 Buckshaw; Dennis J. Tube shield
US5558045A (en) * 1994-09-14 1996-09-24 Wheelabrator Environmental Systems, Inc. Refractory tile for open-spaced boiler tubes
KR100299745B1 (en) * 1996-08-07 2001-11-02 다나까 시게호 Water pipe protecting refractory struture
US6095096A (en) * 1997-11-06 2000-08-01 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Integrated boiler burner with balanced heat flux
WO1999047874A1 (en) * 1998-03-19 1999-09-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Wall segment for a combustion chamber and combustion chamber
FR2778730B1 (en) 1998-05-18 2000-07-13 Toussaint Cumbo METAL RADIATOR STORAGE HEATING DEVICE WITH TWO STORAGE MEANS
US6267066B1 (en) 2000-03-15 2001-07-31 Saint-Gobain Industrial Ceramics Refractory tile system for boiler tube/heat exchanger
JP2003065501A (en) * 2001-04-19 2003-03-05 Ebara Corp Waste heat boiler
NL1041195B1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2016-04-01 Hkh Dev B V Refractory lining for a pipe wall of an incinerator.
WO2015187007A1 (en) * 2014-06-06 2015-12-10 Hkh Development B.V. Refractory tube wall lining for an incinerator
CN106705112A (en) * 2017-03-23 2017-05-24 宁波富尔顿热能设备有限公司 Boiler and hearth membrane type wall thereof
CA3174822A1 (en) * 2020-05-07 2021-11-11 Brian J. ZAMPELL Tile assembly for a waterwall panel

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FR2624952B1 (en) * 1987-12-22 1990-04-06 Stein Industrie DEVICE FOR PROTECTING A HEAT RECOVERY BOILER SCREEN AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

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GB561814A (en) * 1942-12-22 1944-06-06 Bennis Comb Ltd Improvements relating to steam generator and other furnaces
AU504273B2 (en) * 1976-07-29 1979-10-11 Tomlinson Steel Limited Insulating membrane type boiler wall panels
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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995033956A1 (en) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-14 Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation Novel water wall tube block design
DE19635292A1 (en) * 1995-09-01 1997-03-06 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Heat resistant protective block for boiler
FR2738328A1 (en) * 1995-09-01 1997-03-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd REFRACTORY PROTECTIVE BLOCKS AND BOILER PROTECTIVE WALL STRUCTURE USING THE SAME
DE19635292C2 (en) * 1995-09-01 2000-03-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Heat-resistant protective blocks and protective wall structure with such protective blocks for a boiler
WO1998053262A1 (en) * 1997-05-22 1998-11-26 Cobb Refractories Ltd Monolithic construction using precast stopend block
GB2340920A (en) * 1997-05-22 2000-03-01 Cobb Refractories Limited Monolithic construction using precast stopend block
GB2340920B (en) * 1997-05-22 2001-09-05 Cobb Refractories Ltd Monolithic construction using precast stopend block
EP1124094A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-16 Didier-Werke Ag Refractory ceramic tile and associated wall construction for a furnace
CH699405A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-02-26 Mokesys Ag Refractory wall, in particular for an incinerator.
WO2010022522A1 (en) * 2008-08-26 2010-03-04 Mokesys Ag Fireproof wall, in particular for a combustion furnace
EP2857750A1 (en) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-08 Veolia Proprete Shaped refractory brick
FR3011618A1 (en) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-10 Veolia Proprete REFRACTORY SHAPE BRICK

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU593203B2 (en) 1990-02-01
DE3860958D1 (en) 1990-12-13
JPS63233201A (en) 1988-09-28
US4809645A (en) 1989-03-07
ATE58223T1 (en) 1990-11-15
CA1290197C (en) 1991-10-08
AU1233388A (en) 1988-09-01
EP0281863B1 (en) 1990-11-07
FR2611864A1 (en) 1988-09-09
JPH0345281B2 (en) 1991-07-10
BR8800846A (en) 1988-10-04
ES2018702B3 (en) 1991-05-01
FR2611864B1 (en) 1989-05-05

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