EP0317494B1 - Coke oven door with a ceramic shield construction - Google Patents

Coke oven door with a ceramic shield construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0317494B1
EP0317494B1 EP88730252A EP88730252A EP0317494B1 EP 0317494 B1 EP0317494 B1 EP 0317494B1 EP 88730252 A EP88730252 A EP 88730252A EP 88730252 A EP88730252 A EP 88730252A EP 0317494 B1 EP0317494 B1 EP 0317494B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coke oven
iron
oven door
ceramic
front panels
Prior art date
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EP88730252A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0317494A3 (en
EP0317494A2 (en
Inventor
Lothar Brandau
Hans-Joachim Dr. Koschlig
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Feuerfest Dr C Otto GmbH
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Feuerfest Dr C Otto GmbH
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Priority to AT88730252T priority Critical patent/ATE70851T1/en
Publication of EP0317494A2 publication Critical patent/EP0317494A2/en
Publication of EP0317494A3 publication Critical patent/EP0317494A3/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B25/00Doors or closures for coke ovens
    • C10B25/02Doors; Door frames
    • C10B25/06Doors; Door frames for ovens with horizontal chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coke oven door with a ceramic shield structure, which is arranged at a distance from the actual door body, forming an intermediate space serving as a gas collecting space.
  • DE-OS 3447187 describes a door stopper for coke oven doors with interchangeable ceramic plates.
  • the door plug or shield structure consists of several stacked front panels, each of which is held in a steel frame connected to the front panel, each steel frame being held at a distance from the coke oven door by three carrying arms.
  • Each steel frame has retaining anchors which are molded into the ceramic plate as connecting elements. In view of the heat load that occurs, the fastening of the ceramic plates by means of the holding anchors and steel frames is not to be considered an advantageous solution.
  • a gas collection channel made of special U-shaped plates made of refractory material is provided.
  • the U-shaped plates shown are very complex to manufacture.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the ceramic shield structure of a coke oven door so that a secure attachment of easily replaceable, easy to manufacture front panels is achieved without any fastening parts made of metal or complex recesses for special mounting elements in the ceramic plates in the manufacture of these front panels have to be molded.
  • the object is achieved according to the main claim in that releasable, claw-like mounting elements engage on narrow opposite side surfaces of flat front panels.
  • the side surfaces have indentations or profiles of a cross section that is constant over the length of the side surfaces, preferably in the form of grooves with a U-shaped cross section with a rounded bottom surface.
  • the retaining elements engage in this groove, and are preferably designed in the region of the contact surfaces of the plates in their shape to match the shape of the groove, in particular in the form of round or semicircular profiles.
  • the plate is held by the pressure forces exerted by the mounting elements.
  • This type of fastening of the front panels complies with the strength properties of the ceramic and refractory materials, which can easily withstand the pressure required here.
  • the front panels are preferably produced in an extrusion process.
  • the grooves formed in the side surfaces result from the suitably shaped cross section of the extrusion die. After extrusion, the sheets are cut to the desired length and only dried and fired.
  • the carrying iron can be made of cast iron or of a heat-resistant or heat-resistant steel.
  • the cross section of the carrying iron has a shape that is suitable for fastening the holding elements, for example an angular, circular or oval shape.
  • the surface protruding approximately in the extension of the carrying iron between adjacent front panels supports this, whereby the round iron engaging in the groove prevents displacement.
  • the round bar arranged on the parallel surface exerts a pressure force on the lower plate and holds it in place.
  • the parts carrying the round iron pieces are sufficiently elastic to compensate for thermal expansion of the ceramic plate. A gap remains between two adjacent plates, which is closed by a mat made of heat-resistant fibrous material and is so large that a front plate can be removed from the shield structure after the screw connection has been loosened.
  • the front panels are preferably made of a ceramic material with a low coefficient of expansion and high resistance to temperature changes.
  • a cordierite-containing material is preferred as such a material.
  • the ceramic front plates are provided on their side facing the coal with a dense glassy coating, the thermal expansion of which is adapted to that of the material of the plate and which prevents undesirable graphite formation on the surface of the plate.
  • heat-insulating light stone elements are arranged on the door body on its side facing the intermediate and gas collecting space.
  • a fiber mat can be inserted between the lightweight stone elements and the door body.
  • the light stone elements are expediently provided with recesses for the passage of the carrying iron. They preferably consist of temperature-resistant materials with a low coefficient of expansion. Ceramic materials containing cordierite are preferably also used here.
  • Fig. 1 shows a coke oven door with the door body (1) and to be attributed to the shield structure, one above the other, flat front panels (2), which are attached at a distance or space (6) to the door body by means of holding iron (3).
  • Light stone elements (4) are arranged on it to isolate the door body, a preferably ceramic fiber mat (5) being inserted between the light stone elements (4) and the door body.
  • a gap (7) remains between two front plates (2), which can be closed by a mat made of heat-resistant fiber material, not shown.
  • Grooves (23) are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ceramic plates (FIGS. 4 and 5), into which holding elements (11 and 13) engage in a hook-like manner.
  • These mounting elements are attached to the carrying iron (3).
  • brackets (17, 18) are attached to the carrying iron (3), which support the front plates (2) and the light stone elements (4).
  • the light stone elements (4) have recesses through which the carrying iron (3) run.
  • a surface (12) extends from the support iron (3), which is designed here as an angle profile, at the end of which a piece of round iron (11) is welded, which into the groove (23) on the lower narrow side ( 22) engages the upper front plate (2).
  • the underside of the front plates (2) has a recess (24) (FIG. 4) for the surface (12).
  • a part (14) is arranged approximately parallel to the surface (12).
  • the round iron piece (13) located at its end engages from above into the upper groove of the lower plate (2).
  • a round bar (16) is arranged between the parts (12, 14) and welded to the part (14), for example.
  • the front plate (2) to be replaced can then be tipped forward and / or lifted off the lower round iron pieces (11).
  • the gap (7) is so wide, at least in the part facing the intermediate space (6) and along the length of the round iron pieces (11, 13), that a plate (2) can be removed.
  • a further bar (29) can be attached to the part (12), but its height is lower than that of the round bar (16).
  • the rod (29) secures the part (14) with the round rod (16) against displacement in the direction of the interior of the furnace, so that the plate in question also breaks if the screw connection (15) breaks cannot easily tip out.
  • the rod (29) also serves to center the part (14) during assembly. If necessary, another rod on the other side of the round rod (16) can facilitate centering during assembly.
  • the uppermost of the front plates (2) is held by a part (14a) with a piece of round iron corresponding to part (14), but here part (14a) is only down to the top of the by means of a corresponding screw connection on a holding iron (3) Front plate (2) is pressed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a preferred embodiment of the ceramic front plate (2), in which the upper narrow side (21) has two sections (21a, 21b) on both sides of the approximately U-shaped groove (23).
  • the distance (d) is such that by loosening the screw connection (15) (Fig. 3) and folding up the part (14) (Fig. 3) until the part (14) against the surface (12) (Fig. 3) is applied, the mounting element (13) (Fig. 3) from the groove (23) is moved so far that the front panel (2) can be tilted in the direction of its front surface and lifted out.
  • one leg of the approximately U-shaped cross section can be inclined in a suitable manner against the second leg.
  • the carrying iron (3) can also be made in several parts in a known manner, so that the width of the space can be adjusted as required.
  • the carrying iron consists of cast round profiles.
  • the mounting elements and / or the mounting brackets or corresponding surfaces consist of cast iron.
  • 6 and 7 show carrying iron (30) of a different design.
  • upright flat irons are used, for example in the shape of a bow or semicircle, with the front part (2) being supported in the middle part towards the intermediate space (6).
  • the surface (12) is welded on, which at the same time stiffens the corners and creates a connection to the brackets (17).
  • the part (14) is located below the surface (12) in the arrangement shown in FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 6 also shows another embodiment of the front panels (2), the vertical narrow sides (25), which here connect at an angle greater than 90 degrees to the front side facing the coal.
  • the conical design can advantageously be produced by the cut when the extruded profile is cut to length.
  • the choice of material containing cordierite for the ceramic front plates, which form the shield plate, results in a low expansion coefficient, so that the edge gaps to the masonry surrounding the door can also be chosen to be smaller than, for example, in the case of metal shields.
  • the lightweight stones (4) used to isolate the door body (1) can consist of specially made lightweight stone elements with recesses which are adapted to the cross-section of the carrying irons for the carrying irons (3, 30), or the insulation is constructed from standardized formats.
  • a ceramic material with a low coefficient of expansion, to which cordierite has been added, is also preferred for the light stones.
  • the front panels produced by the extrusion process have an improved ceramic structure due to the extrusion with the subsequent drying and firing.
  • the support elements provided, for example in the form of the round iron pieces (11, 13) shown, avoid thermal stresses between ceramic and metallic material. They also make it very easy to replace individual front panels.
  • the size of the ceramic front plates used according to the invention was approximately 80 mm in thickness, approximately 450 mm in height and approximately 500 mm in width, with a total height of the plates arranged one above the other of more than 4,000 mm .
  • the dimensions of the panels depended on the dimensions of the oven door. Other dimensions are easily possible.
  • the shield structure is not only advantageous for coke oven doors, but can also be used for other industrial oven doors with and without a gas duct.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

In a known coke oven door with a ceramic shield construction of a plurality of superposed front plates, these are mounted in steel frames which are joined via anchorages to the plates. A new shield construction is intended to avoid the inclusion of metal parts in the ceramic plates and to ensure easy exchange of individual plates. <??>On each ceramic front plate (2) grooves are provided, preferably on the upper and lower narrow sides, into which holding elements (11, 13) engage which are forced apart by a screw union (15) in order to clamp the front plates (2) in under pressure. <??>The envisaged shield construction with ceramic front plates, in which no metallic parts are enclosed, and with the envisaged fixing makes it possible to exchange the plates easily and can be used for any type of coke oven or similar applications after adjusting the dimensions. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Koksofentür mit einem keramischen Schildaufbau, der unter Bildung eines als Gassammelraum dienenden Zwischenraumes mit Abstand zum eigentlichen Türkörper angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a coke oven door with a ceramic shield structure, which is arranged at a distance from the actual door body, forming an intermediate space serving as a gas collecting space.

In DE-OS 3447187 wird ein Türstopfen für Koksofentüren mit austauschbaren keramischen Platten beschrieben. Der Türstopfen oder Schildaufbau besteht aus mehreren übereinander angeordneten Frontplatten, die jeweils in einem mit der Frontplatte verbundenen Stahlrahmen gehalten werden, wobei jeder Stahlramen durch drei Trageisen mit Abstand von der Koksofentür gehalten wird. Jeder Stahlrahmen weist Halteanker auf, die als Verbindungselemente in die keramische Platte eingeformt sind. Angesichts der auftretenden Wärmebelastung ist die Befestigung der keramischen Platten mittels der Halteanker und Stahlrahmen als keine vorteilhafte Lösung anzusehen.DE-OS 3447187 describes a door stopper for coke oven doors with interchangeable ceramic plates. The door plug or shield structure consists of several stacked front panels, each of which is held in a steel frame connected to the front panel, each steel frame being held at a distance from the coke oven door by three carrying arms. Each steel frame has retaining anchors which are molded into the ceramic plate as connecting elements. In view of the heat load that occurs, the fastening of the ceramic plates by means of the holding anchors and steel frames is not to be considered an advantageous solution.

In DE-PS 2943857 ist eine feuerfeste Auskleidung vorgeschlagen worden, die aus mehreren Schichten aufgebaut ist, die mittels spezieller Anker zusammengehalten werden. Der mehrschichtige Aufbau mit speziell geformten Steinen ist sehr aufwendig und sieht keinen Gassammelkanal vor. Der Gassammelkanal ist jedoch als Druckentlastung zur Verringerung der durch die Türdichtung entweichenden Verkokungsgase von erheblicher Bedeutung.In DE-PS 2943857 a refractory lining has been proposed which is made up of several layers which are held together by means of special anchors. The multi-layer structure with specially shaped stones is very complex and does not provide a gas collection channel. However, the gas collection duct is of considerable importance as pressure relief for reducing the coking gases escaping through the door seal.

Nach US 4,217,177 ist ein Gassammelkanal aus speziellen U-förmigen Platten aus feuerfestem Material vorgesehen. Die dargestellten U-förmigen Platten sind sehr aufwendig in der Herstellung.According to US 4,217,177, a gas collection channel made of special U-shaped plates made of refractory material is provided. The U-shaped plates shown are very complex to manufacture.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den keramischen Schildaufbau einer Koksofentür so zu verbessern, daß eine sichere Befestigung leicht auswechselbarer, einfach herzustellender Frontplatten erreicht wird, ohne daß bei der Herstellung dieser Frontplatten irgendwelche Befestigungsteile aus Metall oder aufwendige Ausnehmungen für spezielle Halterungselemente in die keramischen Platten eingeformt werden müssen.The invention has for its object to improve the ceramic shield structure of a coke oven door so that a secure attachment of easily replaceable, easy to manufacture front panels is achieved without any fastening parts made of metal or complex recesses for special mounting elements in the ceramic plates in the manufacture of these front panels have to be molded.

Die Aufgabe wird gemäß dem Hauptanspruch dadurch gelöst, daß an schmalen einander gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen ebener Frontplatten lösbare, klauenartige Halterungselemente angreifen. Die Seitenflächen weisen Einformungen oder Profilierungen von über die Länge der Seitenflächen gleichbleibendem Querschnitt, vorzugsweise in Form von Rillen mit einem U-förmigen Querschnitt mit abgerundeter Bodenfläche auf.The object is achieved according to the main claim in that releasable, claw-like mounting elements engage on narrow opposite side surfaces of flat front panels. The side surfaces have indentations or profiles of a cross section that is constant over the length of the side surfaces, preferably in the form of grooves with a U-shaped cross section with a rounded bottom surface.

In diese Rille greifen die Halterungselemente ein, die vorzugsweise im Bereich der Angriffsflächen an die Platten in ihrer Formgebung auf die Form der Rille angepaßt insbesondere als Rund- oder Halbrundprofile ausgebildet sind. Durch die von den Halterungselementen ausgeübten Druckkräfte wird die Platte gehalten. Diese Befestigungsart der Frontplatten kommt den Festigkeitseigenschaften der keramischen und feuerfesten Werkstoffe entgegen, die dem hier notwendigen Druck ohne weiteres widerstehen können. Vorzugsweise werden die Frontplatten in einem Strangpreßverfahren hergestellt. Dabei ergeben sich die in die Seitenflächen eingeformten Rillen aus dem geeignet geformten Querschnitt der Strangpreßdüse. Die Platten werden nach dem Strangpreßen auf die gewünschte Länge geschnitten und ausschließlich getrocknet und gebrannt. Vorteilhaft ist es, die Rillen an den schmalen oberen und unteren Seitenflächen anzuordnen und in die Rillen Paare von Rundeisenstücken eingreifen zu lassen, von denen eines an einer von einem Trageisen bis zwischen die Frontplatten vorspringenden Fläche befestigt ist und das andere sich an einem zu dieser Fläche etwa parallelen Teil befindet, wobei die genannte Fläche und das zu ihr etwa parallele Teil durch eine Schraubverbindung auseinander gedrückt werden, die in dem Zwischenraum zwischen dem Schildaufbau und dem Türkörper an einem Trageisen angeordnet sein kann. Die Trageisen können aus Gußeisen oder aus einem warmfesten oder hitzebeständigen Stahl bestehen. Der Querschnitt der Trageisen weist eine für die Befestigung der Halterungselemente geeignete Form, etwa winkel-, kreis- oder ovalförmig, auf. Die etwa in Verlängerung des Trageisens zwischen benachbarte Frontplatten vorspringende Fläche unterstützt diese, wobei das in die Rille eingreifende Rundeisen eine Verschiebung verhindert. Das an der parallelen Fläche angeordnete Rundeisen übt dagegen eine Druckkraft von oben auf die untere Platte aus und hält diese fest. Die die Rundeisenstücke tragenden Teile sind hinreichend elastisch, um Wärmedehnungen der keramischen Platte auszugleichen. Zwischen zwei benachbarten Platten verbleibt ein Spalt, der durch eine Matte aus hitzebeständigem Faserstoff verschlossen wird und so groß ist, daß nach dem Lösen der Schraubverbindung eine Frontplatte aus dem Schildaufbau herausgenommen werden kann.The retaining elements engage in this groove, and are preferably designed in the region of the contact surfaces of the plates in their shape to match the shape of the groove, in particular in the form of round or semicircular profiles. The plate is held by the pressure forces exerted by the mounting elements. This type of fastening of the front panels complies with the strength properties of the ceramic and refractory materials, which can easily withstand the pressure required here. The front panels are preferably produced in an extrusion process. The grooves formed in the side surfaces result from the suitably shaped cross section of the extrusion die. After extrusion, the sheets are cut to the desired length and only dried and fired. It is advantageous to arrange the grooves on the narrow upper and lower side surfaces and to allow pairs of round iron pieces to engage in the grooves, one of which is attached to a surface projecting from a carrying iron to between the front plates and the other is located on a part approximately parallel to this surface, said surface and the part approximately parallel to it being pressed apart by a screw connection which can be arranged on a carrying iron in the space between the shield structure and the door body. The carrying iron can be made of cast iron or of a heat-resistant or heat-resistant steel. The cross section of the carrying iron has a shape that is suitable for fastening the holding elements, for example an angular, circular or oval shape. The surface protruding approximately in the extension of the carrying iron between adjacent front panels supports this, whereby the round iron engaging in the groove prevents displacement. The round bar arranged on the parallel surface, on the other hand, exerts a pressure force on the lower plate and holds it in place. The parts carrying the round iron pieces are sufficiently elastic to compensate for thermal expansion of the ceramic plate. A gap remains between two adjacent plates, which is closed by a mat made of heat-resistant fibrous material and is so large that a front plate can be removed from the shield structure after the screw connection has been loosened.

Die Frontplatten bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem keramischen Material mit niedrigem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und hoher Temperaturwechselbeständigkeit. Als ein solches Material wird ein cordierithaltiger Werkstoff bevorzugt. Weiter kann vorgesehen werden, daß die keramischen Frontplatten auf ihrer der Kohle zugewandten Seite mit einem dichten glasigen Überzug versehen sind, dessen Wärmeausdehnung der des Materials der Platte angepaßt ist und der eine unerwünschte Graphitbildung auf der Oberfläche der Platte verhindert.The front panels are preferably made of a ceramic material with a low coefficient of expansion and high resistance to temperature changes. A cordierite-containing material is preferred as such a material. It can further be provided that the ceramic front plates are provided on their side facing the coal with a dense glassy coating, the thermal expansion of which is adapted to that of the material of the plate and which prevents undesirable graphite formation on the surface of the plate.

In DE-OS 3447187 wird vorgeschlagen, auf der Innenseite des Türkörpers eine Isolierung anzuordnen. In weiterer Ausgestaltung der vorliegenden Erfindung ist vorgesehen, auf dem Türkörper an seiner dem Zwischen- und Gassammelraum zugekehrten Seite wärmeisolierende Leichtsteinelemente anzuordnen. Zwischen den Leichsteinelementen und dem Türkörper kann eine Fasermatte eingelegt sein. Die Leichtsteinelemente sind zweckmäßigerweise mit Ausnehmungen für den Durchgang der Trageisen versehen. Sie bestehen vorzugsweise aus temperaturbeständigen Werkstoffen mit niedrigem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten. Vorzugsweise werden auch hier keramische Werkstoffe verwendet, die Cordierit enthalten.In DE-OS 3447187 it is proposed to arrange insulation on the inside of the door body. In a further embodiment of the present invention, heat-insulating light stone elements are arranged on the door body on its side facing the intermediate and gas collecting space. A fiber mat can be inserted between the lightweight stone elements and the door body. The light stone elements are expediently provided with recesses for the passage of the carrying iron. They preferably consist of temperature-resistant materials with a low coefficient of expansion. Ceramic materials containing cordierite are preferably also used here.

Weitere Einzelheiten der erfindungsgemäßen Koksofentür ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und werden nachstehend anhand der beigefügten vereinfachten Zeichnungen beschrieben.Further details of the coke oven door according to the invention result from the subclaims and are described below with reference to the accompanying simplified drawings.

Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen vertikalen Schnitt durch eine Koksofentür,
Fig. 2
einen horizontalen Schnitt durch eine Koksofentür etwa entsprechend II-II in Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
die Halterungselemente in ihrer Anordnung an zwei Platten, die hier teilweise und vertikal geschnitten dargestellt sind,
Fig. 4
eine Ansicht auf die Frontseite einer Frontplatte,
Fig. 5
eine Ansicht auf den oberen Abschnitt einer Schmalseite einer Frontplatte
Fig. 6
einen horizontalen Schnitt durch eine Koksofentür mit anderer Ausbildung von Trageisen und Frontplatte,
Fig. 7
einen teilweisen vertikalen Schnitt mit seitlicher Ansicht von Trageisen und Halterungselementen gemäß Fig. 6.

Show it
Fig. 1
a vertical section through a coke oven door,
Fig. 2
2 shows a horizontal section through a coke oven door approximately corresponding to II-II in FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
the mounting elements in their arrangement on two plates, which are shown here partially and vertically cut,
Fig. 4
a view of the front of a front panel,
Fig. 5
a view of the upper portion of a narrow side of a front panel
Fig. 6
a horizontal section through a coke oven door with a different design of carrying iron and front plate,
Fig. 7
6 shows a partial vertical section with a side view of the carrying iron and mounting elements according to FIG. 6.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Koksofentür mit dem Türkörper (1) und mit dem Schildaufbau zuzurechnenden, übereinander angeordneten, ebenen Frontplatten (2), die mit einem Abstand oder Zwischenraum (6) zum Türkörper mittels Halteeisen (3) befestigt sind. Zur Isolierung des Türkörpers sind Leichtsteinelemente (4) auf ihm angeordnet, wobei zwischen den Leichtsteinelementen (4) und dem Türköper eine vorzugsweise keramische Fasermatte (5) eingelegt ist. Zwischen je zwei Frontplatten (2) verbleibt ein Spalt (7), der durch eine nicht dargestellte Matte aus hitzebeständigem Faserstoff verschlossen werden kann. An den oberen und unteren Seiten der keramischen Platten sind Rillen (23) angeordnet (Fig. 4 und 5), in die Halterungselemente (11 und 13) hakenartig eingreifen. Diese Halterungselemente sind an den Trageisen (3) befestigt. Ferner sind an den Trageisen (3) Haltewinkel (17, 18) angebracht, die die Frontplatten (2) und die leichtsteinelemente (4) abstützen. Die Leichtsteinelemente (4) weisen Ausnehmungen auf, durch die die Trageisen (3) verlaufen.Fig. 1 shows a coke oven door with the door body (1) and to be attributed to the shield structure, one above the other, flat front panels (2), which are attached at a distance or space (6) to the door body by means of holding iron (3). Light stone elements (4) are arranged on it to isolate the door body, a preferably ceramic fiber mat (5) being inserted between the light stone elements (4) and the door body. A gap (7) remains between two front plates (2), which can be closed by a mat made of heat-resistant fiber material, not shown. Grooves (23) are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the ceramic plates (FIGS. 4 and 5), into which holding elements (11 and 13) engage in a hook-like manner. These mounting elements are attached to the carrying iron (3). Furthermore, brackets (17, 18) are attached to the carrying iron (3), which support the front plates (2) and the light stone elements (4). The light stone elements (4) have recesses through which the carrying iron (3) run.

Wie in Fig. 3 deutlicher gezeigt ist, geht von dem hier als Winkelprofil ausgebildeten Trageisen (3) eine Fläche (12) aus, an deren Ende ein Rundeisenstück (11) angeschweißt ist, welches in die Rille (23) an der unteren Schmalseite (22) der oberen Frontplatte (2) eingreift. Im Bereich der Fläche (12) weist die Unterseite der Frontplatten (2) eine Ausnehmung (24) (Fig. 4) für die Fläche (12) auf. Etwa parallel zu der Fläche (12) ist ein Teil (14) angeordnet. Das an seinem Ende befindliche Rundeisenstück (13) greift von oben in die obere Rille der unteren Platte (2) ein. Auch hier ist eine Ausnehmung (24) für das Teil (14) vorgesehen. Zwischen den Teilen (12, 14) ist ein Rundeisenstab (16) angeordnet und beispielsweise mit dem Teil (14) verschweißt. Mittels einer Schraubverbindung (15), die sich etwa an dem im Zwischenraum (6) befindlichen Ende des Teiles (14) zwischen der Fläche (12) bzw. dem horizontalen Schenkel des Trageisen (3) und dem Teil (14) befindet, kann das Rundeisenstück (13) gegen die untere Platte angedrückt werden. Die obere Platte (2) steht auf der Fläche (12), wird durch das Rundeisenstück (11) gegen Verschiebungen quer zu diesem Teil gesichert und durch ein in Fig. 3 nicht dargestelltes oberes Rundeisenstück (13) festgeklemmt und auch oben gegen Verschiebung oder Kippen gesichert. Auf diese Weise wird eine keramische Frontplatte (2) nur durch Druckkräfte eingespannt, ohne daß metallische Teile in die Platte selbst eingeformt werden müssen. Wenn eine Platte ausgewechselt werden muß, genügt es, wenigstens die Schraubverbindungen (15) zu lösen und das Rundeisenstück (13) hochzudrücken, bis es nicht mehr verriegelnd in die Rille (23) eingreift. Die auszuwechselnde Frontplatte (2) kann dann nach vorne abgekippt und/oder Anheben von den unteren Rundeisenstücken (11) abgenommen werden. Der Spalt (7) wird hierzu wenigstens in dem dem Zwischenraum (6) zugewandten Teil und auf der Länge der Rundeisenstücke (11, 13) so breit ausgebildet, daß die Entnahme einer Platte (2) möglich ist.As is shown more clearly in FIG. 3, a surface (12) extends from the support iron (3), which is designed here as an angle profile, at the end of which a piece of round iron (11) is welded, which into the groove (23) on the lower narrow side ( 22) engages the upper front plate (2). In the area of the surface (12), the underside of the front plates (2) has a recess (24) (FIG. 4) for the surface (12). A part (14) is arranged approximately parallel to the surface (12). The round iron piece (13) located at its end engages from above into the upper groove of the lower plate (2). Here too there is a recess (24) for the part (14) provided. A round bar (16) is arranged between the parts (12, 14) and welded to the part (14), for example. By means of a screw connection (15) which is located approximately at the end of the part (14) located in the intermediate space (6) between the surface (12) or the horizontal leg of the carrying iron (3) and the part (14) Round iron piece (13) are pressed against the lower plate. The upper plate (2) stands on the surface (12), is secured by the round iron piece (11) against displacements transversely to this part and clamped by an upper round iron piece (13), not shown in FIG. 3, and also above against displacement or tilting secured. In this way, a ceramic front plate (2) is clamped only by pressure forces, without metallic parts having to be molded into the plate itself. If a plate has to be replaced, it is sufficient to at least loosen the screw connections (15) and push up the round iron piece (13) until it no longer engages in the groove (23). The front plate (2) to be replaced can then be tipped forward and / or lifted off the lower round iron pieces (11). For this purpose, the gap (7) is so wide, at least in the part facing the intermediate space (6) and along the length of the round iron pieces (11, 13), that a plate (2) can be removed.

Parallel zu dem Rundstab (16), der beispielsweise an das Teil (14) angeschweißt ist, kann an dem Teil (12) ein weiterer Stab (29) angebracht sein, dessen Höhe jedoch niedriger als die des Rundstabes (16) ist. In der Anordnung gemäß Fig. 3 sichert der Stab (29) das Teil (14) mit dem Rundstab (16) gegen ein Verschieben in Richtung auf das Innere des Ofens, so daß also auch bei einem Bruch der Schraubverbindung (15) die betroffene Platte nicht ohne weiteres herauskippen kann. Der Stab (29) dient darüberhinaus zur Zentrierung des Teils (14) bei der Montage. Gegebenenfalls kann ein weiterer Stab auf der anderen Seite des Rundstabes (16) die Zentrierung bei der Montage erleichtern.Parallel to the round bar (16), which is welded to the part (14), for example, a further bar (29) can be attached to the part (12), but its height is lower than that of the round bar (16). In the arrangement according to FIG. 3, the rod (29) secures the part (14) with the round rod (16) against displacement in the direction of the interior of the furnace, so that the plate in question also breaks if the screw connection (15) breaks cannot easily tip out. The rod (29) also serves to center the part (14) during assembly. If necessary, another rod on the other side of the round rod (16) can facilitate centering during assembly.

Die oberste der Frontplatten (2) wird durch ein Teil (14a) mit einem Rundeisenstück entsprechend dem Teil (14) gehalten, wobei hier jedoch das Teil (14a) mittels einer entsprechenden Schraubverbindung an einem Halteeisen (3) nur nach unten an die Oberseite der Frontplatte (2) angedrückt wird.The uppermost of the front plates (2) is held by a part (14a) with a piece of round iron corresponding to part (14), but here part (14a) is only down to the top of the by means of a corresponding screw connection on a holding iron (3) Front plate (2) is pressed.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der keramischen Frontplatte (2), bei der die obere Schmalseite (21) beidseitig der etwa U-förmigen Rille (23) zwei Abschnitte (21a, 21b) aufweist. Dabei ist der Abstand (d) so bemessen, daß durch lösen der Schraubverbindung (15) (Fig. 3) und hochklappen des Teils (14) (Fig. 3) bis das Teil (14) gegen die Fläche (12) (Fig. 3) anliegt, das Halterungselement (13) (Fig. 3) aus der Rille (23) so weit hinausbewegt wird, daß die Frontplatte (2) in Richtung ihrer Frontfläche gekippt und herausgehoben werden kann. Zur Aufnahme von haken- oder klauenförmigen Halterungselementen (11, 13) kann der eine Schenkel des etwa U-förmigen Querschnittes entgegen dem zweiten Schenkel in geeigneter Weise geneigt sein.5 shows a preferred embodiment of the ceramic front plate (2), in which the upper narrow side (21) has two sections (21a, 21b) on both sides of the approximately U-shaped groove (23). The distance (d) is such that by loosening the screw connection (15) (Fig. 3) and folding up the part (14) (Fig. 3) until the part (14) against the surface (12) (Fig. 3) is applied, the mounting element (13) (Fig. 3) from the groove (23) is moved so far that the front panel (2) can be tilted in the direction of its front surface and lifted out. To accommodate hook-shaped or claw-shaped mounting elements (11, 13), one leg of the approximately U-shaped cross section can be inclined in a suitable manner against the second leg.

Während die Fig. 1 und 2 als Trageisen (3) Paare von Winkelprofilen vorbestimmter Länge zeigen, können die Trageisen (3) auch in bekannter Weise mehrteilig ausgeführt werden, so daß die Breite des Zwischenraumes je nach Bedarf einstellbar ist. In einer nicht dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführung bestehen die Trageisen aus gegossenen runden Profilen.1 and 2 as a carrying iron (3) show pairs of angle profiles of predetermined length, the carrying iron (3) can also be made in several parts in a known manner, so that the width of the space can be adjusted as required. In a preferred embodiment, not shown, the carrying iron consists of cast round profiles.

In einer weiteren, nicht dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführungsform bestehen die Halterungselemente und/oder die Haltewinkel oder entsprechende Flächen aus Gußeisen.In a further preferred embodiment, not shown, the mounting elements and / or the mounting brackets or corresponding surfaces consist of cast iron.

Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen Trageisen (30) von anderer Ausbildung. Hier werden hochkant stehende Flacheisen, etwa bügel- oder halbkreisförmig verwendet, wobei sie in ihrem mittleren Teil die Frontplatte (2) zum Zwischenraum (6) hin abstützen. Unter den in Fig. 6 abgeschrägt dargestellten Ecken wird die Fläche (12) angeschweißt, die zugleich die Ecken versteift und eine Verbindung zu den Haltewinkeln (17) schafft. Unter der Fläche (12) befindet sich das Teil (14) in der gemäß Fig. 3 dargestellten Anordnung.6 and 7 show carrying iron (30) of a different design. Here, upright flat irons are used, for example in the shape of a bow or semicircle, with the front part (2) being supported in the middle part towards the intermediate space (6). 6, the surface (12) is welded on, which at the same time stiffens the corners and creates a connection to the brackets (17). The part (14) is located below the surface (12) in the arrangement shown in FIG. 3.

Fig. 6 zeigt außerdem eine andere Ausbildung der Frontplatten (2), deren vertikale Schmalseiten (25), die hier mit einem Winkel größer als 90 Grad an die der Kohle zugewandte Frontseite anschließen. Dies ergibt eine konische Ausbildung der Schildplatte, die ein einfacheres Einsetzen der Türen bei verringerten Randspalten ermöglicht. Die konische Ausführung kann vorteilhafterweise durch die Schnittführung beim Ablängen des stranggepreßten Profils erzeugt werden.Fig. 6 also shows another embodiment of the front panels (2), the vertical narrow sides (25), which here connect at an angle greater than 90 degrees to the front side facing the coal. This results in a conical design of the shield plate, which enables easier insertion of the doors with reduced marginal gaps. The conical design can advantageously be produced by the cut when the extruded profile is cut to length.

Durch die Wahl von cordierithaltigem Material für die keramischen Frontplatten, die die Schildplatte bilden, wird ein niedriger Ausdehnungskoeffizient erreicht, so daß auch hierdurch die Randspalte zum die Tür umgebenden Mauerwerk kleiner als beispielsweise bei Metallschilden gewählt werden können.The choice of material containing cordierite for the ceramic front plates, which form the shield plate, results in a low expansion coefficient, so that the edge gaps to the masonry surrounding the door can also be chosen to be smaller than, for example, in the case of metal shields.

Die der Isolierung des Türkörpers (1) dienenden Leichsteine (4) können aus gesondert angefertigten Leichtsteinelementen mit Ausnehmungen, die an den Querschnitt der Trageisen angepaßt sind, für die Trageisen (3,30) bestehen, oder die Isolierung wird aus genormten Formaten aufgebaut. Auch für die Leichtsteine wird ein keramisches Material mit geringem Ausdehnungskoeffizienten bevorzugt, dem Cordierit zugesetzt ist.The lightweight stones (4) used to isolate the door body (1) can consist of specially made lightweight stone elements with recesses which are adapted to the cross-section of the carrying irons for the carrying irons (3, 30), or the insulation is constructed from standardized formats. A ceramic material with a low coefficient of expansion, to which cordierite has been added, is also preferred for the light stones.

Die im Strangpreßverfahren hergestellten Frontplatten weisen eine durch das Strangpreßen mit dem nachfolgenden Trocknen und Brennen verbesserte keramische Struktur auf. Die vorgesehenen Halterungselemente, beispielsweise in Form der dargestellten Rundeisenstücke (11, 13), vermeiden Wärmespannungen zwischen keramischem und metallischem Material. Außerdem ermöglichen sie ein sehr einfaches Auswechseln einzelner Frontplatten.The front panels produced by the extrusion process have an improved ceramic structure due to the extrusion with the subsequent drying and firing. The support elements provided, for example in the form of the round iron pieces (11, 13) shown, avoid thermal stresses between ceramic and metallic material. They also make it very easy to replace individual front panels.

Bei einer ausgeführten Konstruktion der erfindungsgemäßen Koksofentür betrug die Größe der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten keramischen Frontplatten in der Dicke etwa 80 mm in der Höhe etwa 450 mm und in der Breite etwa 500 mm, bei einer Gesamthöhe der an der Tür übereinander angeordneten Platten von mehr als 4.000 mm. Dabei richteten sich die Abmessungen der Platten nach den Abmessungen der Ofentür. Andere Abmessung sind ohne weiteres möglich.In one construction of the coke oven door according to the invention, the size of the ceramic front plates used according to the invention was approximately 80 mm in thickness, approximately 450 mm in height and approximately 500 mm in width, with a total height of the plates arranged one above the other of more than 4,000 mm . The dimensions of the panels depended on the dimensions of the oven door. Other dimensions are easily possible.

Der Schildaufbau ist nicht nur für Koksofentüren vorteilhaft, sondern kann auch bei anderen industriell eingesetzten Ofentüren mit und ohne Gaskanal verwendet werden.The shield structure is not only advantageous for coke oven doors, but can also be used for other industrial oven doors with and without a gas duct.

Claims (11)

1. Coke oven door with a ceramic shield construction mounted on iron supports, comprising a plurality of interchangeable ceramic front panels (2) spaced from the door body (1), which is provided with an insulating layer, so as to form a cavity (6), which serves as a gas collecting channel, characterised in that the front panels (2) are retained by means of detachable retaining elements (11, 12, 13, 14), which engage with oppositely situated narrow lateral faces (21, 22) of the front panels (2), the retaining elements (11, 12, 13, 14) being disposed on the iron supports (3, 30) and being biassed towards the narrow lateral faces (21, 22), the narrow lateral faces having moulded indentations in the form of a groove (23), which extends over the length of the narrow lateral face, the retaining elements,(11, 13) engaging in said groove with a configuration which is adapted to the shape of the groove.
2. Coke oven door according to claim 1, characterised in that the ceramic front panels (2) are each provided, on their narrow upper and lower lateral faces (21, 22), with a respective groove (23) which extends over the length of these lateral faces and has a rounded base face, and in that pairs of round iron portions (11, 13) engage in the grooves (23), one of said portions (11) being mounted on a face (12), which protrudes from the iron support (3, 30) to between the front panels (2) and supports the front panel (2) resting thereon, and the other portion (13) being attached to a portion (14), which extends substantially parallel to this face (12), the round iron portions (13, 14) being pressed apart and into the grooves (23) of two adjacent front panels (2) by means of at least one screw connection (15) situated in the cavity (6).
3. Coke oven door according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the gap (7) between adjacent front panels (2) and the depth of the groove (23) is sufficient to enable one of the front panels (2) to be removed after the screw connection (15) has been released.
4. Coke oven door according to claim 3, characterised in that the gap (7) between two adjacent ceramic front panels (2) is closed by a mat of heat-resistant fibre material.
5. Coke oven door according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the front panels (2) are formed from a ceramic material with a low coefficient of expansion and a high resistance to temperature changes, and are preferably formed from a cordierite-containing material.
6. Coke oven door according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the ceramic front panels (2) are provided with a tight, vitreous coating on their surface facing the coal.
7. Coke oven door according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that heat-insulating lightweight stone elements (4), especially those formed from materials which are resistant to temperature changes and have a low coefficient of expansion, preferably with cordierite, are disposed on the side of the cavity (6) facing the door body (1) and have recesses for the iron supports (3, 30) to pass therethrough, a fibre mat (5) being preferably inserted between the lightweight stone elements (4) and the door body (1).
8. Coke oven door according to one or more of claim 1 to 7, characterised in that profiles of angular cross-section, which are disposed vertically relative to the door body (1), are mounted on the door body (1) as iron supports (3), on which the retaining elements (11, 12, 13, 14) and retaining brackets (17, 18) are disposed, and a round rod (16) is attached internally of the cavity (6) between the protruding face (12) and the portion (14) which extends substantially parallel thereto, and the substantially parallel portion (14) is tightenable towards the face (12) by means of a screw (15), which engages close to the free end of this portion (14), in order to force the round iron portions (14) apart and towards the adjacent panels (2).
9. Coke oven door according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that a semi-circular or bow-shaped flat iron plate is used as the iron support (30), on which the retaining elements (11, 12, 13, 14) and retaining brackets (17, 18) are disposed.
10. Coke oven door according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the iron supports (3, 30) and/or the retaining elements (11, 12, 13, 14) and/or the retaining brackets (17, 18) are formed from cast iron, the retaining elements (13, 14) preferably comprising a casting, and at least the retaining elements (11, 12) being component parts of the iron supports (3, 30).
11. Coke oven door according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the vertical narrow sides (25) of the front panels (2) have a conical configuration and communicate with the front end facing the coal at an angle of more than 90 degrees.
EP88730252A 1987-11-17 1988-11-17 Coke oven door with a ceramic shield construction Expired - Lifetime EP0317494B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88730252T ATE70851T1 (en) 1987-11-17 1988-11-17 COKE OVEN DOOR WITH CERAMIC SHIELD STRUCTURE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3739452 1987-11-17
DE3739452A DE3739452C1 (en) 1987-11-17 1987-11-17 Coke oven door with ceramic shield structure

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0317494A2 EP0317494A2 (en) 1989-05-24
EP0317494A3 EP0317494A3 (en) 1989-07-26
EP0317494B1 true EP0317494B1 (en) 1991-12-27

Family

ID=6340937

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88730252A Expired - Lifetime EP0317494B1 (en) 1987-11-17 1988-11-17 Coke oven door with a ceramic shield construction

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4917772A (en)
EP (1) EP0317494B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01165691A (en)
AT (1) ATE70851T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3739452C1 (en)

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DE3816396A1 (en) * 1987-05-21 1989-03-02 Ruhrkohle Ag Coke oven roof
DE8910715U1 (en) * 1989-09-08 1989-10-19 Ruhrkohle Ag, 4300 Essen Coke oven chamber door
US5158043A (en) * 1990-12-04 1992-10-27 Jon Emsbo High temperature application door installation
US5720855A (en) * 1996-05-14 1998-02-24 Saturn Machine & Welding Co. Inc. Coke oven door
US5683552A (en) * 1996-05-20 1997-11-04 Suey; Paul V. Coke oven door liner assembly
WO2004007639A1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2004-01-22 Yamasaki Industries Co., Ltd. Coke carbonization furnace cover for promoting increase in temperature of coal particles near the cover
CA2648454C (en) * 2008-01-02 2016-06-28 Dunkirk Metal Products, Inc. High efficiency wood or biomass boiler
DE202013000931U1 (en) 2013-01-30 2014-05-05 Beck U. Kaltheuner Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse Gmbh & Co. Kg Fireproof shield plate of a coke oven door
CN110260663A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-09-20 浙江智造热成型科技有限公司 The fire door insulation construction of heating furnace

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0317494A3 (en) 1989-07-26
US4917772A (en) 1990-04-17
EP0317494A2 (en) 1989-05-24
ATE70851T1 (en) 1992-01-15
DE3739452C1 (en) 1988-12-22
JPH01165691A (en) 1989-06-29

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