EP1122495A1 - Dispositif pour l'incinération de matière biomasse particulaire et solide - Google Patents

Dispositif pour l'incinération de matière biomasse particulaire et solide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1122495A1
EP1122495A1 EP01101502A EP01101502A EP1122495A1 EP 1122495 A1 EP1122495 A1 EP 1122495A1 EP 01101502 A EP01101502 A EP 01101502A EP 01101502 A EP01101502 A EP 01101502A EP 1122495 A1 EP1122495 A1 EP 1122495A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
dust
combustion chamber
blower
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01101502A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1122495B1 (fr
Inventor
Paul Christian
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MUELLER AG HOLZFEUERUNGEN
van Meegen Gerhard
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1122495A1 publication Critical patent/EP1122495A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1122495B1 publication Critical patent/EP1122495B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/32—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor the waste being subjected to a whirling movement, e.g. cyclonic incinerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/40—Stationary bed furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
    • F23G2209/261—Woodwaste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50007—Co-combustion of two or more kinds of waste, separately fed into the furnace
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/54402—Injecting fluid waste into incinerator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for burning Bio dust masses and bio solid masses.
  • Biomass for heating and thermal disposal are available, for example, logs, chips, Sawdust, wood chips, bio fine dust and bio coarse dust.
  • the progressive development of manufacturing technologies in the wood processing industry has not only been shortened Workpiece run times, but also at a significant finer, dusty production waste, which in the Industry and craft today a share of 70 to 80% (Percent) of the wood residues.
  • Another user Wood burning is the bakery trade. The combustion such residues is a challenge to the Firemaker. The regularly used grate with additional Primary air addition achieved in most combustion plants no longer the required low emission values.
  • EP-A-0 473 618 is a device of the beginning known type known, in which a helical gas flow is produced.
  • a helical gas flow is produced.
  • This device is with a Link head blower equipped.
  • the range of services corresponding Incineration plants range from 50 KW to 10,000 KW.
  • the oil and gas combustion takes place predominantly in one rotating flame instead.
  • the invention is based, based on the task Prior art described above a device for burning bio dust and bio solids specify the least possible pollutants arise and be emitted.
  • the device according to the invention means for the woodworking Industry and the bakery trade a big one technical progress in terms of thermal Energy generation and disposal of residual materials.
  • Old and new biomass furnaces can be used with the Equipped or inventive device be retrofitted.
  • Such a device according to the invention can with a through a frequency converter regulated link head blower according to EP 0 344 498 or with an impeller operated with perforated blading become.
  • the fresh air can be drawn in and in the shaft flange area be used for engine cooling. Fresh air can too fed to the blower area via separate suction openings, set in rotation and accelerated compactly. The accordingly rotating fresh air is then over a Annulus supplied to the mixing room, in addition from the Returned hot gas mixed furnace and then the Combustion process fed.
  • the blower area and mixing chamber can be one in terms of component firmly connected "gas mixer tap" arise.
  • the This gas mixer tap has a combustion chamber in terms of flow subordinate.
  • the transition area or border area between this gas mixer tap and the combustion chamber preferably water-cooled.
  • the coldest zone this gas mixer tap is located in the blower area.
  • the the warmer zone lies in the mixing room.
  • the one in the center of the mixing room The resulting gas swirl nozzle is the prevailing one Heat build-up (approx. 900 ° C (degrees Celsius)) of the downstream Combustion chamber exposed.
  • the one in the mixing chamber radially rotating gas mass creates one in the center very strong gas vacuum - eye of an eddy current - what to a backflow of CO-containing hot gas from the furnace leads to the inner baffle plate, which for reasons of a increased thermal load designed as a heat shield can be.
  • the CO-laden partial flow heats the gases in the Mixing room to approx. 200 to 300 ° C (degrees Celsius).
  • the temperature is around 500 ° C to 700 ° C (degrees Celsius).
  • the communication zone created by the prior art link head blower the gas flow with the supply air respectively Ambient air is present in the peripheral area of the annulus the inside of the chamber wall.
  • the created according to the invention Communication zone is with a however, significantly improved efficiency at the end of the new existing mixing room according to a first embodiment of the invention in the cross-sectional area of the as a swirl nozzle acting gas passage opening in the area of a concentric Rejuvenation of the mixing room in its transition to Combustion chamber, or according to another embodiment of the Invention in the annular gap of the gas passage opening containing ring wall.
  • the hot gas roller generated in this way can be existing or retrofitted combustion rooms a stepless Low-emission combustion of biomass in the control area from 30% to 100% with the necessary temperature mixing and dwell time too.
  • By changing the cross sections from the inner heat shield or the swirl nozzle can the spiral radial flow in the furnace the respective requirements, especially the The location, shape and size of an ember bed can be adjusted.
  • the resulting spiral, rotating radial flow fire roller may last longer through these changes and more constant or shorter and more unstable with regard to them Rotational form can be designed.
  • the device according to the invention can be vertical, horizontal or diagonally, as injection and / or underfeed firing be trained.
  • the spiral-shaped combustion air roller is targeted end of the ember bed surface.
  • the amount of dust from the combustion material remains oppressive as it were the mixed gas fire roller in the ember bed lie. That means that in the over the ember bed rotating fire roller there is hardly any residual dust.
  • the Residual dust discharge is therefore very low.
  • the combustion can therefore be influenced and regulated in an optimal manner become.
  • a secondary air addition and part of a primary air addition can be done via the swirl nozzle, in one Spirally rotating gas roller in the axial outflow direction towards the ember bed.
  • Another primary air addition in the The front lower ember bed area can be inserted via gas blow-out nozzles take place in the front wall of the outer Heat shield can be placed. Your air jet can then end and act in the ember bed in the axial outflow direction, especially in the lower area of the ember bed.
  • the dust With coarse or fine dust injection furnaces, the dust becomes the Spirally rotating gas roller added via injection nozzles. Dusts with a large coarse fraction are preferred tangential in the wall area - with 15 ° (old degree) to 45 ° (Old degree) inclined to the center axis - blown in.
  • the ignition must be in the downstream cyclone furnace a gas or oil pilot burner can be placed that the Combustion monitored for safety reasons. Finer, drier The proportion of dust burns immediately. The one that is released Heat build-up, visible as a flame in the ignition area, stabilized the cracking phase of the coarser residual dust in the Rotation decreasing, becoming more unstable, always visible permanent, endlessly rotating, cyclone-like fire roller.
  • Dust filter especially in larger systems, become necessary.
  • the baffle plate which is designed as a heat shield in the present example, has a central opening.
  • the gases flowing back from the combustion chamber into the mixing chamber are not completely diverted radially outwards on the baffle plate, but rather flow partly directly into the blower device and then back into the mixing chamber via the annular space. This has a stabilizing influence on the rotating gas roller in the mixing room and can also be referred to as internal NO x reduction.
  • a furnace 10 is used to burn bio-dust and bio-solid masses.
  • the furnace 10 has a combustion chamber 12 in which solids 14 (Fig. 6) can be burned.
  • a gas mixer tap 20 produces a gas roller 90 and represents a compact unit, which in one in the Wall 22 of the furnace 10 existing breakthrough 24 is used gas-tight.
  • the gas mixer tap 20 has an outer housing wall 26 in its central area is of circular cylindrical shape and has a mixing space 28 enveloped in a cylindrical shape.
  • a shaft 32 is rotatably supported which is about a motor drive 34 about the longitudinal axis 36 of the gas mixer tap 20 are set in rotation can.
  • two rings are on the shaft 32 attached by chain links 38, 40, which together with the Shaft 32 can rotate about the axis 36.
  • the wreaths are movably attached to the shaft 32.
  • the chain links 38, 40 also with each other moveable.
  • This Feed line 42 defines a suction opening 44 for in the Area of the chain links 38, 40 fresh air to be introduced and Rezigas.
  • the area of the chain links represents the Blower section 46 of the essentially from the chain links 38, 40 and the drive 34 existing fan 48.
  • a central heat shield 50 Downstream, in the transition area between the blower area 46 and the mixing chamber 28, is a central heat shield 50 available.
  • the heat shield is on its upstream side 50 enclosed by a housing 52.
  • a line 54 projects into the fan area 46 and pierces the rear wall 30.
  • the opening 56 of this Line 54 provides a suction opening for fresh air and Rezigas represent. Fresh air and Rezigas can thus through the Line 42 (in the blower area 46) and through the line 54 (in the area of the housing 52 of the heat shield 50) be initiated in each case.
  • the housing 52 has opening slots 58 through which the in the housing 52 introduced mixture of fresh air and Rezigas can exit radially in an annular space 60, which Radially surrounds heat shield 50.
  • the annular space 60 is therefore formed between the heat shield 50 and the housing wall 26 and provides the flow connection to the Mixing room 28 represents.
  • the gas mixer tap 20 ends with the combustion chamber 12 an annular wall 70, which is designed as an outer heat shield is.
  • the ring wall 70 has a central opening 72
  • the inside of the ring wall 70 is in a smooth transition connected to the housing wall 26.
  • This on the ring wall 70 adjacent housing wall area 78 is with the housing wall 26 connected in one piece.
  • the metallic in the present case Housing wall 26 thus forms a in the area of the ring wall 70 inner lining of this ring wall 70.
  • the Furnace 12 On the in Fig. 1st right side of this ring wall 70 is the Furnace 12, as schematized in particular in FIG. 6 can be seen.
  • Heat shield 50 is shown in section in FIG. 2 Heat shield 50.2 has a central opening 62. This allows a certain flow balance between the Blower area 46 and the mixing room 28 take place. Instead of An opening 62 can also have a plurality of openings arranged his.
  • the bio-dust masses supplied via an injection line 18 (Arrow 16).
  • the injection line 18 is in this embodiment Part of the gas mixer tap 20.
  • the injection line 18 projects largely centrally through the Mixing chamber 28 and ends in the area of the opening 72. With its other end area it pierces the heat shield 50 and its housing 52 and ends outside the rear wall 30th
  • the furnace 10 or 10.5 works do the following:
  • Rotation of the chain links 38, 40 produces a rotating air roller in the area of the annular space 60, which continues on the inside of the housing wall 26 through the mixing space 28 as a gas roller 90.
  • this gas roller 90 is constricted centrally (gas roller 90.2).
  • this gas roller 90.2 relaxes more or less suddenly outwards.
  • a radially expanding hot gas roller (fire roller) 90.4 is formed, which ends above the ember bed of the solid mass 14 (FIG. 6).
  • a considerable negative pressure is formed in the area of its axis of rotation.
  • This gas backflow 100 heats the gases in the mixing room to approximately 200 to 300 ° C. (degrees Celsius), the gases in the area of the opening 72 to approximately 500 to 700 ° C.
  • this gas backflow 100 likewise gets into a rotating flow form 102.
  • the gas backflow 100 is deflected completely outwards (arrows 104) and mixes with the gas roller 90.
  • the heat shield 50.2 (FIG 2) a central portion of the gas backflow 100 into the blower area 46.
  • the supply line prevails of fresh air and Rezigas lower temperatures than in the area of the furnace 12.
  • Mixing chamber 28 an intimate mixing of the fresh air supplied and the fuel cell with that from the combustion chamber 12 backflowing hot gas mixture instead.
  • An extremely stable gas roller is created on the outer heat shield both in the area of the mixing room 28 and in the area of the Furnace 12, even with up to 30% reduced Part load operation.
  • Openings 110 are present (Fig. 4) through which air from the Mixing room 28 in the furnace 12 as a result of the Gas roller 90 flow through the gas flow generated in the mixing chamber 28 can.
  • the openings 110 are aligned such that this gas flow additionally directed into the combustion chamber 12 (Primary air) in the direction of the solid mass 14 or whose embers bed 112 is directed.
  • Your end Injection nozzle for introducing coarse and in particular also Particulate matter in the combustion chamber 12, and thus its outlet opening 118, is aligned in the combustion chamber 12 in such a way that the dust 120 parallel to a pipe section 70.8 concentric can flow out surrounding circular cylinder. there this dust 120 flows when leaving the outlet opening 118 obliquely to the longitudinal axis 36.
  • Fig. 8 that is in the direction the directional component pointing the longitudinal axis 36 and in FIG. 9 the directional component oriented at right angles to it the dust movement is shown schematically.
  • this dust 120 with the outside of the pipe or duct section 70.8 forming fire roller 90.8 given below is described in more detail without the blown in Dust flow with the gas backflow (arrow 100) could collide.
  • This furnace 10.8 is based on the knowledge that a coarse and fine dust combustion does not constrict the Gas roller, as described in Figures 1 to 7 is needed.
  • gas roller 90.8 becoming the fire roller over the Annular gap 116 flows the combustion air outside of the Pipe or duct section 70.8 in the furnace 12.
  • the coarse and fine dust 120 is ignited immediately after leaving the injection line 18.8 and thus after flowing out of the outlet opening 118.
  • the 90.8 in the rotating gas or fire roller in the combustion chamber 12 immediately released heat accumulation a quick and optimal combustion without coarse ash and Slag formation.
  • the combustion chamber 12 is due to the prevailing high temperatures lined fire-proof.
  • the externally recirculated flue gas with its oxygen content contributes all the more to NO x reduction, the more unburned hydrocarbons (CO) are still present in the externally recirculated regas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
EP01101502A 2000-02-04 2001-01-24 Dispositif pour l'incinération de matière biomasse particulaire et solide Expired - Lifetime EP1122495B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20001926U DE20001926U1 (de) 2000-02-04 2000-02-04 Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von Biofeinstaub- und Feststoffmassen
DE20001926U 2000-02-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1122495A1 true EP1122495A1 (fr) 2001-08-08
EP1122495B1 EP1122495B1 (fr) 2005-03-23

Family

ID=7936813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01101502A Expired - Lifetime EP1122495B1 (fr) 2000-02-04 2001-01-24 Dispositif pour l'incinération de matière biomasse particulaire et solide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1122495B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE291722T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE20001926U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111059556A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-24 苏州如陆环保科技有限公司 一种高效催化燃烧设备

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473618A1 (fr) 1989-05-25 1992-03-11 Christian Paul Dispositif de combustion de biomasses et de matieres solides.
EP0525711A2 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-03 Paul Christian Dispositif de combustion de biomasses et de matières solides
US5694868A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-12-09 Michard Kablitz & Mitthof Gmbh Furnace system with post combustion space
EP0877201A1 (fr) * 1997-05-05 1998-11-11 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Dispositif pour la combustion de matières biologiques et solides
EP0905442A2 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Köb & Schäfer KG Appareil de combustion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473618A1 (fr) 1989-05-25 1992-03-11 Christian Paul Dispositif de combustion de biomasses et de matieres solides.
EP0525711A2 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-02-03 Paul Christian Dispositif de combustion de biomasses et de matières solides
US5694868A (en) * 1995-06-29 1997-12-09 Michard Kablitz & Mitthof Gmbh Furnace system with post combustion space
EP0877201A1 (fr) * 1997-05-05 1998-11-11 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Gmbh Dispositif pour la combustion de matières biologiques et solides
EP0905442A2 (fr) * 1997-09-30 1999-03-31 Köb & Schäfer KG Appareil de combustion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE20001926U1 (de) 2000-03-23
DE50105661D1 (de) 2005-04-28
EP1122495B1 (fr) 2005-03-23
ATE291722T1 (de) 2005-04-15

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