EP1119734B1 - Verfahren zum einspeisen von feinkohlen oder pulvermaterial in einem lichtbogenofen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum einspeisen von feinkohlen oder pulvermaterial in einem lichtbogenofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1119734B1
EP1119734B1 EP99950581A EP99950581A EP1119734B1 EP 1119734 B1 EP1119734 B1 EP 1119734B1 EP 99950581 A EP99950581 A EP 99950581A EP 99950581 A EP99950581 A EP 99950581A EP 1119734 B1 EP1119734 B1 EP 1119734B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
fines
granules
feed channel
column
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99950581A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1119734A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Luc Roth
Serge Devillet
Emile Lonardi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paul Wurth SA
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Paul Wurth SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paul Wurth SA filed Critical Paul Wurth SA
Publication of EP1119734A1 publication Critical patent/EP1119734A1/de
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Publication of EP1119734B1 publication Critical patent/EP1119734B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
    • F27D11/08—Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
    • F27D11/10—Disposition of electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
    • C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/06—Electrodes
    • H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
    • H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
    • H05B7/09—Self-baking electrodes, e.g. Söderberg type electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a method for charging fines or pellets in an arc furnace. It concerns more particularly charging in the form of fines or granules of a pre-reduced iron ore in an arc furnace used for steel production or ferro-alloys.
  • fines or pellets spilled in the arc furnace tend to float on a layer of slag which covers the surface of the metal bath, at instead of coming into contact with the metal bath to go into fusion. This does not only result in a bad pre-reduced fusion, but also a disruption of foaming slag formation and reduced efficiency of the arch (s).
  • Patent application DE-A-196 12 383 proposes to limit the length of the electric arc in a plasma arc furnace used for the production of steel, in introducing carbon or lime through a hollow electrode into the oven. It also proposes to add problematic dust incidentally, from, for example, industrial dust collection systems.
  • the means used for supplying the hollow electrode with these additives include belt and worm conveyors.
  • Document US-A-3,940,551 discloses a process in which fines or iron ore pellets are fed to a falling arc furnace free through a tube passing through a hollow graphite electrode. A gas is injected into the annular space between the tube and the inner wall of the electrode to confine the material flow at the outlet of the tube.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for charging rational large quantities of fines or granules in a bow. According to the invention, this problem is solved by a method according to the first claim.
  • the present invention uses for charging fines or granules, respectively a mixture of the two, a hollow electrode unit provided a central supply channel.
  • the fines or the granules are fed into this feed channel so as to maintain therein a column of matter.
  • the electrode unit is used as a "feed hopper" which is gravity discharge in the immediate vicinity of the metal bath.
  • the dead weight of the material column pushes its lower end, consisting of fines or granules which have since been agglomerated under the effect of heat, in the metal bath. Heated first at the outlet of this channel at center of the electric arc (s) surrounding it, then submerged in the bath molten metal, this lower end of the column of material passes quickly in fusion. As its lower end passes through melting, the column of material descends into the feed channel of the unit electrode. This descent is probably facilitated by a surface fusion of the column of matter, caused in particular by currents which are established in the column of matter.
  • the method according to the invention allows a rational loading of large quantities of a pre-reduced ore from iron in the form of fines or pellets in an arc furnace used for production steel or ferro-alloys.
  • the process does not affect the training of a layer of foaming slag, nor the characteristics of the electric arc. he on the other hand ensures effective preheating of the pre-reduced before its introduction in the metal bath and an increased melting surface in the metal bath even.
  • the rate of descent of the column of material in the hollow electrode will normally be between 0.5 and 5 m / min.
  • the supply channel has a passage section over its entire length greater than 100 mm and preferably at least equal to 0.25 times the outside diameter of the electrode. For reasons of stability of the electrode unit, the diameter of the passage section will generally not be greater than 0.50 times the diameter of the electrode.
  • a hollow electrode in situ around the channel Power comprises injecting an electrode paste into an annular space, delimited between a outer metallic envelope and an inner metallic envelope. Dough solidifies in this annular space to form a section electrode annular baked in situ.
  • Such an electrode generally has a cross section of passage with a diameter greater than 300 mm. It is normally used to produce electric arcs which are mostly submerged in a layer of foaming slag covering the metal bath.
  • FIG 1 shows a direct current electric oven 10 used for the production of steels or ferro-alloys, during charging in the form of fines or granules 12, according to the process of the present invention, of a pre-reduced iron ore. From the oven 10 we see in particular the tank 14 and the cover 15.
  • the reference 16 identifies a metallic bath (that is to say a molten metal in liquid phase) in the tank 14. This metal bath 16 is covered with a foaming slag layer 18.
  • the tank 14 (respectively a bottom electrode not shown) is connected to a positive pole 20 of an electrical supply (not shown).
  • a pole negative 22 of this power supply is connected to an electrode unit hollow, which is generally identified by the reference 24.
  • This electrode unit hollow 24 passes vertically through an opening 26 in the cover 15, so that its lower end 27 is in the layer of foaming slag 18, near the metal bath 16. Electric arcs 28 then settle in the foaming slag layer 18, between the end lower annular 27 of the electrode unit 24, which is at a potential negative, and the metal bath 16, which is at a positive potential.
  • the hollow electrode unit 24 shown is an electrode unit of the type Soderberg. This electrode is obtained by injecting, at the upper end of the electrode unit 24, a self-hardening electrode paste 30 in a space annular 32, which is delimited between an outer metallic envelope 34 and an inner metal casing 36. This electrode paste 30 solidifies in this annular space 32 under the effect of heat, so that we cook in located a hollow electrode 39 in graphite, provided with a central channel 38 of fairly large diameter. As this graphite electrode 39 is consumed at its lower end 27, it is reconstituted at its end higher and readjust its height above the metal bath 16. It will also be noted that channel 38 is delimited in its upper part by the inner metal shell 36 and in its lower part by the paste solidified electrode.
  • the fines or the granules 12 are discharged by a conveyor 40 in the central channel 38 of the electrode unit 24.
  • the flow rate of fines is adjusted. or of granules 12 discharged into the feed channel 38 so as to maintain in this channel 38 a column of material 42 whose height is sufficient to penetrate its lower end 44, in which the fines or granules are agglomerated under the effect of heat, in the metal bath 16.
  • the column of material 42 descends into the feed channel 38 of the unit electrode. This descent is also facilitated by a surface fusion of the column of material 42, in particular following currents which are established in the subject column.
  • the installation is fitted with a probe 46 which detects the upper level of the column of material 42 in the feed channel 38.
  • This probe 46 is connected to a regulator 48 which regulates the flow rate of the conveyor 40, so as to maintain a prescribed level of material in the feed channel 38. It will be appreciated that by acting on the level of material 42 in the feed channel 38 we know how to modify the charge of fines or granules which melts in the liquid bath.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Verfahren zur Beschickung eines Lichtbogenofens (10) mit Feinanteilen oder Granulaten, bei dem eine Hohlelektrodeneinheit (24) mit einem zentralen Zuführungskanal (38) zur Beschickung mit Feinanteilen oder Granulaten (12) verwendet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Feinanteile oder Granulate (12) derart in den zentralen Zuführungskanal (38) eingetragen werden, dass darin eine Materialsäule (42) aufrechterhalten bleibt, deren Eigengewicht das untere Ende, bestehend aus unter Hitzeeinwirkung zusammengebackenen Feinanteilen oder Granulaten in das Metallbad eindrückt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagten Feinanteile oder Granulate (12) überwiegend aus einem vorreduzierten Eisenerz bestehen.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Zuführungskanal (38) eine Materialsäule (42) aufrechterhalten wird, deren Höhe annähernd hb * (ρflüs / ρfest) entspricht, wobei
    hb= Höhe des Metallbads (16) unterhalb der Elektrodeneinheit (24),
    ρflüs = durchschnittliches Raumgewicht der Flüssigphase im Metallbad (16) unterhalb der Elektrodeneinheit (24),
    ρfest = durchschnittliches Raumgewicht der Festphase in der Materialsäule (42).
  4. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Materialsäule (42) mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 0,5 - 5 m/min in der Hohlelektrode (24) hinabrutscht.
  5. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser des Durchgangsquerschnittes auf der gesamten Länge des besagten Zuführungskanals (38) größer als 100 mm ist.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser des Durchgangsquerschnittes dem 0,25-fachen bis 0,50-fachen des Elektroden-Außendurchmessers entspricht.
  7. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hohlelektrode eine Elektrode aus massivem Graphit mit einem einen vorzugsweise zwischen 150 und 300 mm liegenden Durchmesser des Durchgangsquerschnitts aufweisenden Zuführungskanal ist.
  8. Verfahren nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Hohlelektrode vor Ort um den besagten Zuführungskanal (38) gebrannt wird.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Brennen der Hohlelektroden, folgende Schritte umfasst.
    das Einspritzen einer Elektrodenpaste (30) in eine zwischen einem metallischen Außenmantel (34) und einem metallischen Innenmantel (36) ausgebildete ringförmige Kammer (32) sowie
    das Erstarren der besagten Paste (30) in der besagten ringförmigen Kammer (32) zu einer vor Ort gebrannten Elektrode ringförmigen Querschnitts (39).
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in dem durch die besagte, vor Ort gebrannte Elektrode (30) gebildeten Zuführungskanal der Durchmesser des Durchgangsquerschnitts 300 mm übersteigt.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte, vor Ort gebrannte Elektrode elektrische, zum größten Teil in eine Schaumschlackenschicht (18) auf der Oberfläche des Metallbads (16) eingetauchten Lichtbögen erzeugt.
EP99950581A 1998-10-06 1999-09-30 Verfahren zum einspeisen von feinkohlen oder pulvermaterial in einem lichtbogenofen Expired - Lifetime EP1119734B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU90293 1998-10-06
LU90293A LU90293B1 (fr) 1998-10-06 1998-10-06 Procédé pour l'enfournement de fines ou de granulés dans un four à arc
PCT/EP1999/007255 WO2000020815A1 (fr) 1998-10-06 1999-09-30 Procede pour l'enfournement de fines ou de granules dans un four a arc

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1119734A1 EP1119734A1 (de) 2001-08-01
EP1119734B1 true EP1119734B1 (de) 2002-05-08

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ID=19731770

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99950581A Expired - Lifetime EP1119734B1 (de) 1998-10-06 1999-09-30 Verfahren zum einspeisen von feinkohlen oder pulvermaterial in einem lichtbogenofen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6452955B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1119734B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE217414T1 (de)
AU (1) AU6331399A (de)
BR (1) BR9914633A (de)
DE (1) DE69901460T2 (de)
LU (1) LU90293B1 (de)
TW (1) TW462991B (de)
WO (1) WO2000020815A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200102280B (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MXPA06014556A (es) * 2004-06-12 2007-06-05 Iron Mount Corp Metodo y aparato para llevar a cabo un proceso metalurgico.
CN101261078B (zh) * 2008-01-03 2010-10-06 谢西平 大型直流中空电极密闭矿热炉
LU100535B1 (en) * 2017-12-07 2019-06-12 Wurth Paul Sa Charging system, in particular for a shaft smelt reduction furnace

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940551A (en) * 1973-03-30 1976-02-24 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Apparatus and method for the melt reduction of iron oxides

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US3471626A (en) * 1968-03-21 1969-10-07 Union Carbide Corp Hollow electrode control device
CH568538A5 (de) * 1972-07-20 1975-10-31 Donau Chemie Ag
SE7503782L (sv) * 1975-04-02 1976-10-03 Asea Ab Sett och anordning for smeltreduktion av finkornigt jernoxidhaltigt material
US4146390A (en) * 1975-06-19 1979-03-27 Asea Aktiebolag Furnace and method for the melt reduction of iron oxide
US4147887A (en) * 1975-08-05 1979-04-03 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electric smelting furnace
DE2536083A1 (de) 1975-08-13 1977-02-17 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Elektroschmelzofen
US4133968A (en) * 1977-05-26 1979-01-09 Frolov Jury F Apparatus for forming self-sintering electrodes
DE3120170A1 (de) * 1980-05-29 1982-03-11 ASEA AB, 72183 Västerås "vorrichtung zur schmelzreduktion und zur gaserzeugung"
CH653201A5 (en) 1981-03-18 1985-12-13 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Hollow electrode for feeding arc furnaces
SE452990B (sv) * 1985-06-28 1988-01-04 Asea Ab Sett for framstellning av stal i en ljusbagsugn forsedd med elektrod med genomgaende kanal
DE4211164C2 (de) * 1992-03-31 1995-02-16 Mannesmann Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von riesel- oder fließfähigem Material
US5174810A (en) * 1992-02-19 1992-12-29 Dow Corning Corporation Ferrosilicon smelting in a direct current furnace
DE19612383C1 (de) * 1996-03-28 1997-07-17 Asea Brown Boveri Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Lichtbogenofens und Lichtbogenofen

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940551A (en) * 1973-03-30 1976-02-24 Allmanna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget Apparatus and method for the melt reduction of iron oxides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU90293B1 (fr) 2000-04-07
US6452955B1 (en) 2002-09-17
TW462991B (en) 2001-11-11
DE69901460T2 (de) 2002-11-07
DE69901460D1 (de) 2002-06-13
AU6331399A (en) 2000-04-26
WO2000020815A1 (fr) 2000-04-13
BR9914633A (pt) 2001-07-03
ATE217414T1 (de) 2002-05-15
EP1119734A1 (de) 2001-08-01
ZA200102280B (en) 2002-06-19

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