EP1119658B1 - Spinning oil for producing combed sliver - Google Patents

Description

The present application relates to the use of fatty acid methyl esters of vegetable Origin as a smoothing agent in Schmälzmittel for the Kammzugherstellung of wool, a Schmälze for the Kammzugherstellung and a process for lubricating wool the worsted production.

In worsted spinning high-quality threads are made from staple fibers. Mainly wool and wool blends with PES, PAN or other synthetic fibers spun. The threads are processed simply or twisted into textile fabrics. The wool, which is to be processed into worsted yarn, must be before the actual Spinning process through an intensive washing process of inorganic and organic Impurities are freed to allow easy processing in the spinning mill guarantee. After washing, the wool is dried. By removing the Fasergegleitstoffe, in particular wool wax and fats, the static and dynamic friction conditions of the wool changed so that the further processing the wool, especially where intense fiber / fiber and fiber / metal friction occur is extremely problematic.

The changed during wool washing friction properties are characterized by the Slimming the dried wool significantly improved. The wool is then carded, ie the production of a fiber structure from the pretreated staple fibers further processed. Especially during this processing stage, the wool fiber material heavily stressed by fiber / metal friction. This stress causes the average staple length of wool (Hauteur) is reduced. To this stack shortening too must encounter the wool before rolling with a suitable Schmälze applied become. The wool, after the carding as a clutter ribbon or after combing as Is present, then by repeated doubling, stretching and subsequent ring spinning into a fine, even thread in the Kammgamspinnerei spun.

The Schmälzen is a central step in the Kammzugherstellung, as an increased Proportion of short fibers as it can be caused by insufficient lubrication, too a reduction in the yield of sliver leads and at the same time negative effects on z. B. causes the worsted strength. These losses have significant economic Effects. For example, for a typical large worsted manufacturer, that means one Improvement of the yield by only 0.3% with an annual production of 60,000 t Wollkammzug already 180 t additional merchandise. Depending on the current Prices are then the profit increase for the manufacturer already over 1 million DM. The annual world production of Kammzug is about 1.5 million t. It will therefore continue looking for improved lubricants for Kammzugherstellung.

As a lubricant in the Kammzugherstellung are usually aqueous emulsions of smoothing agents or the products used pure. As smoothers are in addition to mineral oils in particular fatty acid polyglycol esters as well as pure fatty acid esters are known (see manual Textile auxiliaries, A. Chwala, V. Anger, Weinheim 1997, pages 314 to 320 and "The Importance of skinning and finishing in worsted yarn production ", W. Becker, in textile practice international, October 1990). These smoothers are commonly used in Combined with emulsifiers processed to a lubricant, preferably before the carding is applied to the wool fibers.

Document WO-A-92/19805 describes the use of certain solid at 25 ° C Products as smoothers in comb oils for the Wool roving production. Next Dialkyl ethers and esters of di-, tri- and / or polyhydric aliphatic alcohols Also disclosed carboxylic acid esters of monofunctional alcohols. The example is revealed Stearic acid methyl ester, whose combination with other additives is regarded as kammol.

Applicant's EP 587 601 B1 discloses that fatty acid methyl esters are suitable lubricants in the production of carded yarns. The document discloses by way of example the use of esters based on animal fatty acid mixtures, in particular of tallow fatty acids as smoothing agents in lubricants for the carded spinning mill. Now, different requirements are placed on the smoothing agent in the carded-spinning mill because of the different types of further processing of the fibers than in the production of the worsted yarn. In both processes, the wool is carded in the first percentage step (after washing, dyeing, etc.), but both the machine park and the manufacturing goal of the worsted mill are significantly different from the carded spinning mill. Worsted yarns are spun from fine wool over the intermediate level combed yarn. Carding yarns, on the other hand, are immediately spun from the rovings produced on the carded yarn card after carding. The differences in the products are compared in the following table: worsted carded surface structure smooth rough, mossy Usage fine outerclothing coarse, robust outer clothing, carpet yarns yarn count Nm 20-100 (fine) Nm 0.5-20 (coarse) yarn evenness high relatively low

Also led to a use of the EP 587 601 B1 disclosed by way of example Methyl esters based on - animal - tall oil fatty acids do not improve the Area of combing production. However, it was surprisingly found that the Use of fatty acid methyl esters of selected fatty acid mixtures as Smoothers to a significant reduction in the proportion of Stapeleinkürzungen when Carding of wool fibers leads.

In a first embodiment, the use of C _6-22 fatty acid methyl esters from vegetable raw materials according to claim 1 is claimed as a smoothing agent in lubricants for the Kammzugherstellung of wool.

The fatty acid methyl esters used in the invention are commercially available products which are prepared by the known per se esterification of the free fatty acid or by transesterification of fatty acid triglycerides with methanol usually in the presence of acidic catalysts. For the purposes of the invention, only fatty acid methyl esters are used which have been prepared by transesterification of the natural triglycerides from vegetable sources such as coconut oil, palm oil or palm kernel oil. The resulting methyl esters can be used without further treatment, after distillative treatment or after hydrogenation of the unsaturated fractions. Particularly preferred is the use of those fatty acid methyl esters which have been prepared on the basis of coconut fatty acids, palm kernel fatty acids, palm oil fatty acids and in particular their mixtures.
In addition to the smoothing agents from vegetable raw materials, it is also possible with preference to use emulsifiers and further customary additives.

Coconut fatty acids contain predominantly mixtures of lauric and myristic acid. Typically, in coconut fatty acid, 0.2 to 1% by weight of hexanoic acid, 5.4 to 8.0% by weight of octanoic acid, 6.5 to 8.5% by weight of decanoic acid, 45.0 to 51.0 are found % By weight of lauric acid, 16.5 to 18.5% by weight of myristic acid, 9.0 to 10.5% by weight of palmitic acid, 2.0 to 2.3% by weight of stearic acid, 0.2 to 0 , 4 wt .-% behenic acid and 8.0 to 10.0 wt .-% oleic acid and 0.7 to 1.0 wt .-% linoleic acid.
Palm kernel fatty acids typically have the following composition: caproic, caprylic, capric 9 wt%, lauric 50 wt%, myristic 15 wt%, palmitic 7 wt%, stearic 2 wt%, oleic acid 15% by weight, linoleic acid 1% by weight. The palm fatty acids are typically composed of myristic acid 2% by weight, palmitic acid 42% by weight, stearic acid 5% by weight, oleic acid 41% by weight, and linoleic acid 10% by weight.

According to the invention, these methyl ester mixtures are used as smoothing agents in lubricants used, wherein the Schmälzmittel to 50 to 95 wt .-% and in particular to 60 to 80 Wt .-% contain the fatty acid methyl esters described above.

a) 60 bis 80 Gew.-% C_6-22 Fettsäuremethylester aus pflanzlichen Rohstoffen auf Basis Kokosfettsäure, Palmkernfettsäure, Palmölfettsäure im Gewichts verhältnis 1:1:1 als Glättemittel

b) 5 bis 30 Gew.-% Emulgatoren

c) 0 bis 10 Gew.-% Additive

Another object of the application are therefore lubricants for Kammzugherstellung containing

a) 60 to 80 wt .-% C _6-22 fatty acid methyl ester from vegetable raw materials based on coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid, palm oil fatty acid in a weight ratio 1: 1: 1 as a smoothing agent

b) 5 to 30 wt .-% emulsifiers

c) 0 to 10 wt .-% additives

The lubricants according to the invention contain as smoothing agents Fatty acid methyl esters based on coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid or palm oil fatty acids and their mixtures. It will Mixtures of methyl esters based on coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid and Palm oil fatty acids used in where the three different methyl esters in the ratio 1: 1: 1 are present.

As additives, the lubricants according to the invention may contain anticorrosion agents, Antistatics, adhesion promoters, bactericides, antioxidants, pH regulators and Viscosity improvers included.

Suitable emulsifiers are nonionic, anionic and cationic emulsifiers, for example partial esters of di- and / or triglycerol, such as triglycerol monooleate, alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated fats, oils, C _8-22 fatty acids, C _8-22 fatty alcohols and or C _8-22 fatty acid _mono- and / or diethanolamides, such as optionally ethoxylated oleic acid or diethanolamide, alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated C _8-22 fatty acids whose OH group is replaced by a C _1-4 alkoxy group is alkali metal and / or ammonium salts of C _{8-22 alkyl} sulfonates, alkali metal and / or ammonium salts of C _8-22 alkyl sulfosuccinates, such as sodium _dioctyl sulfosuccinate, and / or amine oxides, such as dimethyldodecylamine oxide.

As a viscosity increase, ie to increase the viscosity of the lubricant, in principle triglycerides such as the higher-viscosity rapeseed oil or polymeric compounds can be used. From the German patent DE 39 36 975 winding oils are known which contain fatty alcohol polymethacrylates to prevent Abspritzneigung the spooling oil. From the German patent application DE 39 24 160 are additives with carboxyl group-free homo- and / or copolymers of esters of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid with intrinsic viscosities [η] of at least 300, preferably 800 ml g ^-1 , measured at 20 ° C in tetrahydrofuran, known. The specified intrinsic viscosities [η] are customary in the art and are described, for example, in Vollmert, "Grundriß der Makromolekularen Chemie", Volume III, pages 55 to 61, Verlag E. Vollmert, Karlsruhe 1982. Due to their high intrinsic viscosity, the described additives are able to improve the thread-pulling and / or adhesion properties of oils and / or fats.

The lubricants according to the invention are prepared in a manner known per se, by the specified ingredients in the specified amounts at temperatures between 18 and 25 ° C are mixed together in any order.

The lubricants may be used neat or preferably in the form of aqueous emulsions become. Another object of the application relates to a method for lubricating Wool in the Kammzugherstellung, wherein the wool prior to carding with an aqueous Emulsion containing an active substance content - based on the weight of the wool - from 0.25 to 0.60 of a lubricant according to the above description is treated. The Textile fibers are present as flake. 6

Examples

There were two Krempelschmälzen invention, the fatty acid methyl esters vegetable raw materials included. The Schmälzen were by simple Mixture of raw materials produced. The intended for the experiments washed wool was based on half using a standard textile aid Tallow fatty acid methyl ester lubricated. The rest of the wool flake was with the Aviviert product according to the invention. 0.5% by weight of product was applied in each case, calculated on the wool weight.

Subsequently, the wool was carded, stretched, combed and finished stretched and the Kammzugausbeute compared with the inventively lubricated product (B) with the Kammzugausbeute of the standard produced Kammzuges (A) compared. The values given under A and B represent the weight difference, calculated according to the formula: Yield (%) = Combination weight [kg] x 100 Flake weight [kg] between washcloth weight and Fertigkammzug. The result improvement in% represents the improvement in the yields of Kammzug (difference A, B), which was produced with the product according to the invention. It can be seen that the lubricants according to the invention enable a higher yield of finished products than when using known products based on animal fatty acid esters. Composition of the lubricants according to the invention: example Quantities [in% by weight] ingredients 1 58,00 Coconut / palm kernel / Palmölfettsäuremethylester 12,00 coconut fatty acid diethanolamide 10.00 Coconut fatty acid polyglycol 5.00 EO / PO polyglycol, molecular weight: 2500 5.00 Alkanesulfonate sodium salt 10.00 water 2 80,00 Coconut / palm kernel oil / Palmölfettsäuremethylester 10.00 Coconut fatty alcohol + 5 EO 5.00 Alkanesulfonate sodium salt 5.00 diethanolamine Results of the application-technical investigations: Finished goods quantity in% of the raw material used Application quantity in% Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Wool quality (length mm / diameter μ) 64/21 68 / 21.6 72.2 / 21.8 A 0.5 88.68 90.16 88,70 B 0.5 90.64 90,70 89,70 Profit improvement in% 1.96 0.54 1.00

Claims (9)

1. Use of C6-22-fatty acid methyl esters based on coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid, palm oil fatty acids or mixtures of these esters as smoothers in lubricants for the production of combed wool slivers..
2. Use of claim 1, characterized in that the fatty acid methyl esters are used in amounts of 50 to 95% by weight, preferably 60 to 80% by weight , based on lubricant.
3. Use of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the fatty acid methyl esters are used in combination with emulsifiers and additives.
4. A process for lubricating wool in combed sliver production characterized in that the wool is treated with an aqueous emulsion having an active ingredient content based on the weight of the wool - of 0.25 to 0.67% by weight of the lubricant - containing.

   a) 60 to 80% by weight of C6-22 fatty acid methyl esters of coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid, palm oil fatty acid or mixtures of these esters as smoothers

   b) 5 to 30% by weight of emulsifiers

   c) 0 to 10% by weight of additives
5. The process of claim 4, characterized in that the smoothers it includes are exclusively fatty acid methyl esters based on coconut fatty acids.
6. The process of claim 4, characterized in that the smoothers ist includes are exclusively fatty acid methyl esters based on palm kernel fatty acid.
7. The process of claim 4, characterized in that the smoothers it includes are mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters based on coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid and/or palm oil fatty acid.
8. The process of claim 7, characterized in that the smoothers it includes are mixtures of coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid and palm oil fatty acid in a weight ratio of 1:1:1.
9. A lubricant for combed sliver production, containing

   a) 60 to 80% by weight of C6-22 fatty acid methyl esters based on coconut fatty acid, palm kernel fatty acid, palm oil fatty acid in a weight ratio of 1:1:1 as smoothers

   b) 5 to 30% by weight of emulsifiers

   c) 0 to 10% by weight of additives