DE1129255B - Emulsifiable textile oil - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

S 43220 IVc / 29 b

REGISTRATION DATE: MARCH 28, 1955

NOTICE
THE REGISTRATION
ANDOUTPUTE
EDITORIAL: MAY 10, 1962

Before the mechanical treatment of textile fibers, yarns, threads, twisted threads and the like, ζ. Β. the card, Spinning, winding and knitting, it is customary to apply a lubricant to the goods which the Protects and lubricates fibers as they pass through the machine and that afterwards by rinsing, e.g. B. in aqueous soap solution, can be removed again.

In practice, not all recommended lubricants have proven to be satisfactory. From the British patent specification 703 499 it is known to use mineral oil compositions as smear, which is an oil-soluble oxy compound and an organic compound with the rest Emulsifiable textile oil

R ■ Χ ™ ■ C ν

, N-

N =

contain. Herein, R is an organic radical, X is an oxygen or sulfur atom or an imino group, and m is zero or one. Such compositions are intended to reduce the electrical charges which arise on textile yarns during processing on textile machines.

The present invention relates to emulsifiable lubricants, which in addition to a predominant Part of a mineral lubricating oil still known as emulsifiers, an oil-soluble naphthasulfonate, contain an soluble nonionic emulsifier and a nitrogenous emulsifier which soluble in oil but practically insoluble in water.

In order to facilitate the emulsification of the sludge in water, the compositions contain according to of the invention still up to 10% water. Aqueous 2% emulsions are preferably used Mixture. Emulsification occurs rapidly on dilution with water, and so does the aqueous emulsions have a high resistance.

The mineral lubricating oil used in the invention can be a weakly refined oil, which od by distillation, solvent extraction, treatment with clay or dilute acids. Like. refined, or a highly refined oil which is preceded with fuming sulfuric acid with or without Solvent treatment is obtained. The oils can be highly paraffinic oils, at least Contain 65 percent by weight that unsulfonated when treated with concentrated sulfuric acid remain, or they can contain naphthenic and aromatic components. For use in textile oil compositions there are highly refined applicants: "Shell" Research Limited, London

Representative: Dr. K. Schwarzhans, patent attorney, Munich 19, Romanplatz 10

Claimed priority: Great Britain, March 29, 1954 (No. 9079)

Maurice Elton, Sidcup, Kent,

and Philip Alan Winsor,

Willington, Kelsall, Cheshire (UK),

have been named as inventors

Oils are preferred because of their greater resistance and their resistance to odor and color formation when exposed to light and air. They should have a sufficiently high flash point.
The oil-soluble naphthasulfonates used in the compositions according to the invention are obtained as by-products in the production of technical white oil and transformer oil. The treatment of such oils with oleum leads to the formation of a lower acidic sludge layer and an upper oil layer which contains oil-soluble naphthasulphonic acids or so-called "mahogany acids." These naphthasulphonic acids are isolated by treating the oil layer with a solution of alkali hydroxide or ammonia or an aliphatic amine or alkylolamine, such as triethanolamine; the crude salts thus obtained can be purified. The naphthasulfonic acids, the salts of which are used in the compositions according to the invention, have an average molecular weight of 420 to 450. The proportion of naphthasulfonate in the sludge is 2 to 20 percent by weight.

As oil-soluble nonionic emulsifiers, for. B. used:

1. Oil-soluble monohydric alcohols, e.g. B. the octanols, Nonanols, decanols, undecanols, dodecanols and other higher aliphatic alcohols, e.g. Belly alcohols produced by the OXO process, or

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Fatty alcohols ζ. B. from sperm oil. Oil-soluble aroma mixtures of these nitrogen-containing emulsifiers are also

matic and cycloaliphatic alcohols, such as benzyl use.

alcohol and methylcyclohexanol are suitable. Naphthasulfonates, such as sodium naphthasulfonate,

2. Oil-soluble dibasic alcohols, such as hexylene- favorable the formation of emulsions of very glycols, octylene glycols, decylene glycols and higher 5 smaller particle sizes, which are consequently due to glycols. Shining or clear. Simple emulsions of

3. Oil-soluble substituted alcohols e.g. B. with ether, water, oil and naphthasulfonate, however, have one and / or ester groups. The partially undesirably high coefficients of friction are suitable if they polyhydric alcohol and fatty acid esters such as are used as textile fiber lubricants; ins-glycerine mono- or dioleate or stearate, ethylene io especially when used on polyamide fibers, glycol monooleate or stearate, and the monoesters The addition of nitrogen-containing emulsifiers or ethers of polyethylene glycols, such as the mono- favors the stability of the emulsion and results oleates or stearates of monoethylene glycol. Compositions that reduce the friction between

Compounds such as glyceryl dioleate have degrade the valuable fibers. If the nitrogenous

full property of lowering the friction emulsifier oils, but in too high a concentration in the

values of the compositions. Relation to the amount of naphthasulfonate in

One can have a single oil-soluble nonionic mixture that becomes dynamic Use emulsifier; It is often useful to have a coefficient of friction greater than the static friction mixture of two or more connections too coefficient, which leads to difficulties in the use to give the best washability and a 20 treatment of the oiled fibers. At Textilrasche To achieve emulsification. So have fiber lubricants supposed to be the amount of nitrogen Mixture of glyceryl dioleate and an entertaining emulsifier will be just sufficient to produce a ordered amount of diglycol laureate and a composition with suitable frictional properties mixture of glyceryl dioleate with subordinate ten, d. H. with a static coefficient of friction, Amounts of diglycol laureate and monoethylene glycol which is greater than the dynamic coefficient of friction, monooleate proved to be particularly effective. The generate.

nonionic emulsifier is expediently 0.5 to in addition to the abovementioned essential ones

10 percent by weight of the total composition. Components can also contain other substances, which

Which have special properties in the mixtures according to the invention, in small amounts

The nitrogenous emulsifier used is incorporated in mineral oil 30 in the mixtures according to the invention

soluble but essentially insoluble in water. become, such as B. Solvents, the rapid emulsion

Suitable nitrogen-containing emulsifiers of this type promote formation and the stability of the emulsion

are the primary, secondary and tertiary amines, improve. Such substances are z. B. also monovalent

which has at least one hydrophobic group in bin alcohols with fewer than 8 carbon atoms in the

application to the nitrogen atom, such as. B. 35 molecule, such as isopropyl alcohol, butyl and amyl

Dodecylamine, octadecylamine, dicetylamine, N-octa alcohol, cyclohexanol, diacetone alcohol, phenols, the

decyl-N-oxyäthylamine, N-alkyl-N-oxypropylpiper glycols such as hexylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and

idine, in which the alkyl radicals of coconut oil from glycol monoether, such as the ethyl or butyl ether from

are directed, and the monoacyl or as-diacylderi ethylene glycol.

vate of aliphytic polyamines, such as oleylethylene 40, if desired, anionic emulsifiers diamine and as-distearylethylenediamine. Particularly those suitable according to the invention are used in smaller amounts Mixing nitrogen-containing emulsifiers for use can also be incorporated, such as. B. the in the compositions according to the present invention, alkali soaps of higher fatty or resin acids, alkali finding are the organic compounds, which are salts of sulfuric acid esters of higher primary and do not contain sulfonic acid groups, but contain the atomic 45 secondary alcohols and alkali salts of alkylaryl groups sulfonates. These support the rapid emulsion

^ N - formation when diluted with water.

j ^ y- Q antioxidants are also available as additives

^m \ / suitable for the mixtures according to the invention, e.g. B.

N _χ 50 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert.-butylphenol, N-butyl-p-phenylene-

exhibit. diamine, tetramethyldiammodiphenylmethane.

Here, R is a hydrocarbon radical, X is also an anti-foaming agent, such as silicone and oxygen or sulfur atom or an imino group, dispersions of Ν, Ν'-distearylethylenediamine or and m is zero or one. The radical R contains preferred Ν, Ν'-distearylhexamethylenediamine, may contain at least 8 carbon atoms. 55 can be incorporated.

Typical compounds that have this structure - salicylanilide is a fungicide suitable as an additive,

The appropriately substituted ISOs are also used. Corrosion inhibitors can also be incorporated

ureas, isothioureas, guanidines, iminazoles.

Imidazolines and pyrimidines. Examples of such emulsifiable mixtures according to the invention

bonds are O-ethylurea, S-dodecylthiourea are preferably adjusted so that a 2%

substance, 1-guanidine palmitic acid, 1-oxyethylguanidine, emulsion in water with a pH value greater than 7,

2-Undecylimidazoline, l-jö-Oxyäthyl-2-heptadecylen- preferably greater than 9, has,

imidazoline, 2-naphthenylimidazoline, 2-heptadecyl- The compositions according to the invention are

benziminazol, 2-undecylpyrimidine and 1-benzylden on the textile fibers according to known methods

2-heptadecylbenziminazole. Salts 65 can also be applied, e.g. B. by spraying the current

these compounds with inorganic or organic textile yarns or by passing through the textile

niche acids such as hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, stearic acid threads through baths or via wicks or others,

or oleic acid can be used. Similar devices can also be used.

The examples illustrate textile oils according to the invention, the parts mentioned being parts by weight.

example 1

A mixture is prepared from 63 parts of spindle oil, 4.9 parts of l-jS-oxyethyl-2-heptadecylenimidazoline, 4.9 parts of glycerol dioleate, 1.2 parts of diglycol laurate, 9.8 parts of oil-soluble sodium naphthasulfonate (Molar weight 420 to 450), 6.5 parts of rosin, 3.3 parts of oleic acid, 1.2 parts Potassium hydroxide, 2.6 parts isopropyl alcohol and 2.6 parts water.

This mixture makes a good treatment oil for viscose rayon when it is in an aqueous emulsion of 2 percent by volume is used.

Example 2

A mixture is made of 54.6 parts of spindle oil, 4.8 parts of l - ^ - oxyethyl-2-heptadecylenimidazoline, 4.8 parts of glycerol dioleate, 0.6 parts of diglycol laurate, 13.0 parts of oil-soluble sodium naphthasulfonate (Molecular weight 420 to 450), 8.7 parts of rosin,

4.4 parts of oleic acid, 2.1 parts of potassium hydroxide,

3.5 parts isopropyl alcohol and 3.5 parts water. This mixture is easy to emulsify with water

forming a clear 10% oil-in-water emulsion, which is still unchanged after 2 weeks of storage.

A 2 percent by volume emulsion in distilled water has a pH of 10.9. When the watery Emulsion is used to lubricate polyamide threads, the static coefficient of friction is 0.185 and the dynamic coefficient of friction 0.175

35

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Emulsifiable textile oil for melting and sizing textile fibers and yarns based on a mineral oil, characterized by the content of small amounts of the following combination of known emulsifiers: a) an oil-soluble naphthasulfonate, b) an oil-soluble, nonionic emulsifier and c) a nitrogen-containing emulsifier which is soluble in oil but practically insoluble in water. ₄ - 2. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1, characterized in that the naphthasulfonate is present in amounts of 2 to 20 percent by weight, based on the total mixture. 3. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the nitrogen-containing Emulsifier connects with the atomic grouping R-Xm-C .N— N = where R is a hydrocarbon radical having preferably at least 8 carbon atoms, X is an oxygen or sulfur atom or an imino group and m is zero or one. 4. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the nitrogen-containing The emulsifier is an imidazoline. 5. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the oil-soluble, nonionic emulsifier is an alcoholic hydroxyl group and preferably contains a monohydric alcohol or a partial ester of a polyhydric Alcohol and a fatty acid. 6. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the nonionic Emulsifier is present in an amount of 0.5 to 10 percent by weight, based on the total mixture. 7. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that it also has one Contains alcohol with fewer than 8 carbon atoms in the molecule, such as isopropyl alcohol. 8. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that it also has one anionic emulsifier such as alkali soap of a higher fatty acid or a resin acid. 9. Emulsifiable textile oil according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that it is additionally up to Contains 10 percent by weight of water. Considered publications:
British Patent Nos. 690 895, 703 499;
Belgian patent specification No. 445 755. © 209 579/270 5.62