DE709382C - Melting agent for textile fibers - Google Patents

Melting agent for textile fibers

Info

Publication number
DE709382C
DE709382C DEI51748D DEI0051748D DE709382C DE 709382 C DE709382 C DE 709382C DE I51748 D DEI51748 D DE I51748D DE I0051748 D DEI0051748 D DE I0051748D DE 709382 C DE709382 C DE 709382C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
weight
parts
textile fibers
carboxylic acids
hydrocarbon radical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI51748D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Karl Hintzmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Original Assignee
IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB24592/30A priority Critical patent/GB360982A/en
Application filed by IG Farbenindustrie AG filed Critical IG Farbenindustrie AG
Priority to DEI51748D priority patent/DE709382C/en
Priority to GB9596/35A priority patent/GB454559A/en
Priority to FR802362D priority patent/FR802362A/en
Priority to BE414007D priority patent/BE414007A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE709382C publication Critical patent/DE709382C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06P1/647—Nitrogen-containing carboxylic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/325—Amines
    • D06M13/342—Amino-carboxylic acids; Betaines; Aminosulfonic acids; Sulfo-betaines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
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    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
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    • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
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    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
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    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/46—Textile oils
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
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Description

Schmälzmittel für Textilfasern Es ist bekannt, in der Textilindustrie zum Spinnen von Faserstoffen Öle bzw. Mischungen solcher oder Emulsionen zu verwenden. Diese öle oder Emulsionen werden vor dem Spinnen auf die Textilfaser zur Erhöhung der Gleitfähigkeit während des Reiß-, Krempel-und Spinnvorganges aufgebracht. Von den Ölen, die freie Carboxylgruppen enthalten, ist das bekannteste die Ölsäure, die im allgemeinen mit Hilfe von Ammoniumoleat, Eiweißkörpern oder anderen bekannten Stoffen und Verfahren emulgiert, oft auch als solche verwendet wird. Die Herstellung einwandfreier und haltbarer Oleinemulsionen ist technisch auch heute noch ein nicht völlig gelöstes Problem, insofern, als die hydrophobe Ölsäure sich nur schwer in feinste Verteilung bringen und in solcher erhalten läßt, so daß eine restlose Ausnutzung des angesetzten Fettes nicht möglich ist. Man muß :also erhebliche, Mengen der Emulgatoren anwenden, z. B. Seife, Leim, Stärke, die ihrerseits meist wieder schädliche Nebenwirkungen haben,. Auch in Verbindung mit 1\Tüutralölen wird die ölsäure viel verwendet, wobei in derselben Weise ,ein Emnulgator zur Herstellung der Emulsionen notwendig ist. Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man an Stelle der Ölsäure zum Schmälzen von Textilfasern für Spinnzwecke vorteilhaft flüssige Carbonsäuren verwenden kann von der allgemeinen Formel: ` worin R einen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit mindestens 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, der auch substituiert sein kann, R' Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, R" einen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest bedeuten.Lubricants for textile fibers It is known in the textile industry to use oils or mixtures of these or emulsions for spinning fibrous materials. These oils or emulsions are applied to the textile fiber before spinning to increase the sliding ability during the tearing, carding and spinning process. Of the oils that contain free carboxyl groups, the best known is oleic acid, which is generally emulsified with the help of ammonium oleate, protein bodies or other known substances and processes, and is often used as such. The production of flawless and durable oleic emulsions is technically still a problem that has not yet been completely solved, insofar as the hydrophobic oleic acid is difficult to distribute and maintain in such a fine distribution, so that complete utilization of the fat is not possible. You have to: So use considerable amounts of emulsifiers, z. B. Soap, glue, starch, which in turn usually have harmful side effects. Oleic acid is also used extensively in connection with Turkish oils, and in the same way an emulsifier is necessary for the production of the emulsions. It has now been found that, instead of oleic acid, it is possible to use liquid carboxylic acids of the general formula: ` where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having at least 8 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted, R 'is hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical, R "is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.

Als solche Carbonsäuren seien beispielsweise genannt: Olsäuresarkosid (Oleylsarkosin), Stearinsäuresarkosid (Stearylsarkosin C17 H35 # C O # N (C H3) # C H2 # C O (jH), Palmitinsäuresarkosid (Palmitylsarkosin), Oleylglykokoll, durch den Acylrest der Laurinsäure am Stickstoff substituiertes Alanin Derartige Carbonsäuren zeichnen sich gegenüber der bekannten Ölsäure durch bemerkenswerte Vorteile aus. Sie haben, für sich allein verwendet, eine bemerkenswert höh Gleitwirkung für die Wollfaser als die ;t saure, so daß zur Durchführung des Kre und Spinnvorganges geringere Mengen n . . wendig sind. Je feiner nämlich eine Emulsion auf der Faser verteilt ist, mit desto geringeren ,Mengen ist die völlige Umhüllung der Fasern möglich und um so geringere Mengen sind für den Spinnvorgang notwendig. Bei Verwendung einer sehr groben Emulsion oder gar nur einer Mischung von Öl in Wasser entstehen auf dem Textilgut örtliche Anhäufungen von: 01, während andere Stellen wieder nur sehr geringe oder gar keine ÜIteilchen aufweisen. .Naturgemäß ist an diesen ölfreien Stellen die Gleitfähigkeit nur mangelhaft. Die genannten Carbonsäuren können aber bereits mit Wasser allein in eine Emulsion übergeführt werden, was bei Olsäure nicht der Fall ist. Wenn zur Erhöhung der Stabilität solcher Emulsionen noch etwas Soda, Ammoniak oder Triäthanolamin oder andere Einulgatoren zugegeben werden, so genügen bei den beanspruchten- Carbonsäuren schon ganz geringe Mengen. Bei Ölsäure sind hierbei wesentlich größere Mengen notwendig.Examples of such carboxylic acids are: oleic sarcoside (oleyl sarcosine), stearic acid sarcoside (stearyl sarcosine C17 H35 # CO # N (C H3) # C H2 # CO (jH), palmitic acid sarcoside (palmityl sarcosine), oleyl glycocolla, alanine amylic acid substituted by the acyl radical of lauric acid Such carboxylic acids are distinguished by remarkable advantages over the known oleic acid. You have to yourself Used alone, a remarkably high amount Sliding effect for the wool fiber than the; t acidic, so that to carry out the Kre and spinning process smaller amounts n. . are agile. Namely, the finer an emulsion is distributed on the fiber, the smaller the quantities that can completely encase the fibers and the smaller the quantities required for the spinning process. When using a very coarse emulsion or even just a mixture of oil in water, local accumulations of: 01 occur on the textile, while other areas again have only very few or no particles at all. Naturally, the lubricity is poor at these oil-free areas. The carboxylic acids mentioned can, however, be converted into an emulsion with just water, which is not the case with oleic acid. If a little soda, ammonia or triethanolamine or other emulsifiers are added to increase the stability of such emulsions, very small amounts of the claimed carboxylic acids are sufficient. In the case of oleic acid, much larger quantities are required here.

Wegen ihrer guten Löslichkeit in Neutralölen und ihrer guten Emulgierwirkung können diese Carbonsäuren auch in Verbindung mit Olein selbst und Neutralölen zur Verbesserung der Spinnfähigkeit von Textilfasern angewendet werden. Derartige Gemische, z- B. mit Olivenöl, lassen sich mit Wasser ohne weiteres in eine gut haltbare Emulsion überführen, was bei Gemischen aus z. B. Olein und Olivenöl nicht der Fall ist. Auch hier ist es bei der Arbeitsweise mit den beanspruchten Körpern von besonderem Vorteil, daß man weniger von dieser Mischung anzuwenden braucht, als wenn mit einer Mischung aus-Olein und Olivenöl gearbeitet wird.Because of their good solubility in neutral oils and their good emulsifying effect these carboxylic acids can also be used in conjunction with olein itself and neutral oils Improvement of the spinnability of textile fibers can be applied. Such mixtures, e.g. with olive oil, can easily be converted into a long-lasting emulsion with water transfer what with mixtures of z. B. olein and olive oil is not the case. Even here it is of particular advantage when working with the stressed bodies, that one needs to use less of this mixture than when using a mixture made from olein and olive oil.

Auch in Verbindung mit anderen organischen Schmälzmitteln, z. B. organischen Lösungsmitteln, wie Polyglykol, Dibuty lenglykol, lassen sich die Produkte in ausgezeichneter Weise verwenden. Durch solche Emulsionen erhält die Textilfaser ebenfalls eine sehr gute Spinnfähigkeit.Also in connection with other organic lubricants, e.g. B. organic Solvents such as polyglycol, dibutylene glycol, the products can be used in excellent Use wise. Such emulsions also give the textile fiber a very good spinning ability.

Die beanspruchten Produkte besitzen im Gegensatz zur Ölsäure die bemerkenswerte Eigenschaft, beim Erhitzen nicht zur Autoxydation zu neigen. Bekanntlich kann diese Autoxvdation der Ölsäure unter Umständen bis zur Selbstentzündung des damit behandelten 2 aterials führen. Werden die beschriebenen Körper in Verbindung mit leicht trocknenden oder leicht verharzenden Ölen zusammen angewendet, so genügen schon geringe Mengen, um das Verharzen weitgehend zu verhindern, ein Vorteil, der für praktische Zwecke von iä"ßerordentlicher Bedeutung ist. Im Zusam- nhang damit steht auch, daß Textilmaterial, s mit Mischungen aus den beanspruchten e-arbonsäuren und leicht verharzenden oder ranzig werdenden Ölen geschmälzt ist, beim Verspinnen sich wesentlich leichter verarbeiten läßt, als wenn die einzelnen Fasern infolge der Verharzung verklebt werden. Außerdem ist die Auswaschbarkeit derartiger Mischungen wesentlich besser als bei Anwesenheit eines leicht trocknenden Öles allein.In contrast to oleic acid, the claimed products have the remarkable property that they do not tend to auto-oxidize when heated. As is known, this can Autoxvdation of oleic acid possibly up to self-ignition of the thus treated 2 aterials lead. If the bodies described are used together with oils that dry easily or that resinify easily, even small amounts are sufficient to largely prevent resinification, an advantage that is useful for practical purposes it is of extraordinary importance. It also says that textile material, s with mixtures of the claimed e-carboxylic acids and easily resinous or rancid oils is melted, is much easier to process when spinning than when the individual fibers are glued together as a result of resinification. In addition, the washability of such mixtures is much better than in the presence of a slightly drying oil alone.

Auch für andere Zwecke, wo Textilfasern für die Weiterverarbeitung einen Ölüberzug erhalten müssen, z. B. bei der Präparation der Kunstseide, können diese Carbonsäuren verwendet werden.Also for other purposes where textile fibers are used for further processing must receive an oil coating, e.g. B. in the preparation of rayon, can these carboxylic acids are used.

In der leichten Auswaschbarkeit der beschriebenen Körper mit den bekannten Waschmitteln oder durch ihre Cberführung in die wasserlöslichen waschenden Alkali- oder Ammonsalze liegt ebenfalls ein besonderer Vorteil.In the easy washability of the body described with the known Detergents or by converting them into the water-soluble washing alkali or ammonium salts are also of particular advantage.

Beispiel r. 3 Gewichtsteile Oleylsarkosin werden mit 3 Gewichtsteilen Wasser intensiv gemischt. Die auf diese Weise hergestellte Emulsion wird auf 25 Gewichtsteile gewaschene Abfallwolle aufgesprüht. Die so vorbereitete Ware läßt sich in ausgezeichneter Weise auf dem Reißwolf zerfasern.Example r. 3 parts by weight of oleyl sarcosine are mixed intensively with 3 parts by weight of water. The emulsion produced in this way is sprayed onto 25 parts by weight of washed waste wool. The goods prepared in this way can be easily shredded on the shredder.

z. a Gewichtsteile Oleylsarkosin werden mit o, i Gewichtsteil Ammoniak und 4 Gewichtsteilen kaltem Wasser gut, gemischt. Diese Mischung wird auf 3o Gewichtsteile lose Wolle aufgebracht und diese gut gemischt. Die so geschmälzte Wolle läßt sich in sehr guter Weise krempeln und verspinnen, weben und nach teilweiser oder gänzlicher Verseifung, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von Seife, walken.z. a parts by weight of oleyl sarcosine are mixed with 0.1 part by weight of ammonia and 4 parts by weight of cold water well mixed. This mixture is made up to 30 parts by weight loose wool applied and mixed well. The wool melted in this way can be carding and spinning, weaving and partially or completely in a very good way Saponification, if necessary with the addition of soap, tumble.

3. i Gewichtsteil Olivenöl und o,5 Gewichtsteile Oleylsarkosin werden miteinander gemischt und diese Mischung unter gutem Rühren in Wasser gebracht. Die auf diese Weise hergestellte Emulsion wird auf too kg Kaminzug in der üblichen Weise aufgebracht und die Ware weiterverarbeitet. Durch die dadurch erhöhte Gleitwirkung läßt sich der Kammzug ohne Schwierigkeiten zu sehr feinen Fäden ausspinnen.3. i part by weight of olive oil and 0.5 parts by weight of oleyl sarcosine mixed together and this mixture brought into water with good stirring. the The emulsion produced in this way is applied to too kg of a chimney draft in the usual way applied and the goods processed. Due to the increased sliding effect the top can be spun into very fine threads without difficulty.

4. o,5 Gewichtsteile Oleylsarkosin, 5 Gewichtsteile Paraffin und o,r Gewichtsteil Triäthanolamin werden zusammen gelöst. Diese Mischung liefert auch in Verbindung mit Wasser ein für die Kunstseidenpräparation sehr gut geeignetes Mittel. 5. In i Gewichtsteil Oleyläthylaminoessigsäure werden -unter gutem Rühren 2 Gewichtsteile Wasser eingetragen. Mit der erhaltenen I?mulsion werden 2o Gewichtsteile Wolle-Zellwolle (5o : 5o) im losen Zustande geschmälzt. Das geschmälzte Material erhält einen weichen, glatten und fettigen Griff, so daß es sich ausgezeichnet krempeln und spinnen läßt.4. 0.5 parts by weight of oleyl sarcosine, 5 parts by weight of paraffin and o, r Part by weight of triethanolamine are dissolved together. This mix also delivers in combination with water it is very suitable for the preparation of artificial silk Middle. 5. In i part by weight of oleylethylaminoacetic acid -under good stirring 2 parts by weight of water entered. Be with the obtained imulsion 2o parts by weight of wool-rayon (5o: 5o) melted in the loose state. The melted Material is given a soft, smooth and greasy feel, making it excellent can be rolled up and spun.

6. 5 Gewichtsteile Oleylglykokoll werden mit o,2 Gewichtsteilen Ammoniak und i6 Gewichtsteilen kalten Wassers gut gemischt. Die erhaltene Schmälze wird auf ioo Gewichtsteile kurzstapelige Wolle aufgetragen. Nach dem Krempel-, Spinn- und Webprozeß wird das Stück nach Angießen mit Soda gewalkt.6. 5 parts by weight of oleyl glycol are mixed with 0.2 parts by weight of ammonia and 16 parts by weight of cold water mixed well. The resulting sludge is on 100 parts by weight of short staple wool applied. After the carding, spinning and In the weaving process, the piece is drummed after being poured on with soda.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verwendung flüssiger Carbonsäuren ,der allgemeinen Formel: worin R einen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit mindestens 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, der auch substituiert sein kann, R' Wasserstoff oder einen aliphatischen oder aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest, R" einen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest bedeuten, gegebenenfalls in Mischung mit Körpern von fettender Wirkung zum Schmälzen von Textilfasern.PATENT CLAIM: Use of liquid carboxylic acids, the general formula: where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with at least 8 carbon atoms, which can also be substituted, R 'is hydrogen or an aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical, R "is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, optionally mixed with bodies with a greasy effect for melting textile fibers.
DEI51748D 1935-02-24 1935-02-24 Melting agent for textile fibers Expired DE709382C (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB24592/30A GB360982A (en) 1935-02-24 1930-08-16 Improvements in or relating to the treatment of textiles
DEI51748D DE709382C (en) 1935-02-24 1935-02-24 Melting agent for textile fibers
GB9596/35A GB454559A (en) 1935-02-24 1935-03-27 Process of treating textile fibres
FR802362D FR802362A (en) 1935-02-24 1936-02-24 Process for treating fibrous materials
BE414007D BE414007A (en) 1935-02-24 1936-02-24

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEI51748D DE709382C (en) 1935-02-24 1935-02-24 Melting agent for textile fibers

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DE709382C true DE709382C (en) 1941-08-15

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DEI51748D Expired DE709382C (en) 1935-02-24 1935-02-24 Melting agent for textile fibers

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BE (1) BE414007A (en)
DE (1) DE709382C (en)
FR (1) FR802362A (en)
GB (2) GB360982A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1091278B (en) * 1958-03-01 1960-10-20 Hoechst Ag Melting agents for the wool industry

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE741534C (en) * 1934-04-27 1943-11-30 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Process for the production of betaines
DE740539C (en) * 1938-05-13 1943-10-29 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Treatment of fibers
US2962448A (en) * 1955-07-15 1960-11-29 Diversey Corp Detergent composition
US5464546A (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-11-07 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Thermally stable textile lubricants
US5478485A (en) * 1994-06-16 1995-12-26 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Thermally stable textile lubricants
FR2798147B1 (en) * 1999-09-08 2003-08-01 Seppic Sa USE OF LIPOAMINOACIDS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF TEXTILE PRODUCTS AND TEXTILE PRODUCTS COMPRISING SAME

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1091278B (en) * 1958-03-01 1960-10-20 Hoechst Ag Melting agents for the wool industry

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GB360982A (en) 1931-11-16
BE414007A (en) 1936-03-31
GB454559A (en) 1936-09-28
FR802362A (en) 1936-09-03

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