EP1112458B1 - Beleuchtungsapparatur - Google Patents
Beleuchtungsapparatur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1112458B1 EP1112458B1 EP99968702A EP99968702A EP1112458B1 EP 1112458 B1 EP1112458 B1 EP 1112458B1 EP 99968702 A EP99968702 A EP 99968702A EP 99968702 A EP99968702 A EP 99968702A EP 1112458 B1 EP1112458 B1 EP 1112458B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reflector
- light
- light beam
- light source
- lighting equipment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/10—Construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
- F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
- F21V13/08—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements and reflectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
- F21W2131/205—Lighting for medical use for operating theatres
Definitions
- the invention relates to a lighting apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1, cf. US-A-2,755,374.
- Such lighting devices are used, among other things, in stage lighting technology.
- So-called PAR lamps are known as stage lamps, for example, which have a lamp with a parabolic mirror in an aluminum housing and, for example, a color filter can be arranged in front of the light outlet to achieve a special optical effect.
- stage lamps for example, which have a lamp with a parabolic mirror in an aluminum housing and, for example, a color filter can be arranged in front of the light outlet to achieve a special optical effect.
- motorized filter belts with differently colored filter sections can be used.
- Rotatable effect discs (gobos) with various color filters arranged in the circumferential direction are therefore preferably used, in which the filters are not exposed to mechanical tensile stress.
- a disadvantage of these PAR lamps is that the color filter that can be used is at least that Diameter of the light outlet opening of the lamp housing must correspond to to completely capture the emerging light beam. Different color filters should be used the number of color filters arranged on a filter disc is limited, you do not want to exceed a practical size of the filter disc.
- a lamp structure for an operating light in which the light from a light source is focused by a parabolic mirror.
- the start of an optical fiber, consisting of a glass rod, is arranged in the focal point of the light beam.
- the light beams emerging divergently at the end of the light guide are parallelized by a reflector arrangement.
- the reflector arrangement essentially consists of a prism body and a reflector, the prism body deflecting all light rays emerging from the light guide and shining into the reflector in such a way that the light rays are reflected parallel by the reflector in the direction of the operating field.
- the light guide emerges from the rear space of the reflector through an opening in it and extends to just before the prism body.
- the particular advantage of such an arrangement is that the distance between the light source and the reflector can be chosen as desired, in that an almost lossless light guide guides the light from the light source to the reflector.
- This arrangement also solves the problem of fanning out the rays emerging from the light source and emitting them onto the operating field with almost the same illuminance.
- a possible use of other optical elements to influence the light beam, in particular to achieve special lighting effects, is neither mentioned nor desired. Rather, such lighting effects stand in the way of a surgical light, namely a uniform illumination with a light adapted to the daylight spectrum.
- a lighting apparatus of this type further develop that no limitation of the optical elements that can be used by the design, in particular by the diameter of the light exit opening of the Lamp housing.
- This object is achieved in a lighting apparatus of the type mentioned at the outset by that the light beam in a second focus converges between the first reflector and the second reflector, and a is arranged between the light source unit and the reflector unit arranged optical element.
- the lighting apparatus thus has three functional units.
- the light source unit has the task of a directed light beam - at least that predominant part of the light emitted by the light source - with at least one to provide a comparatively small cross-section at one point.
- the first reflectors to be used are preferably those which have a focus.
- the reflector surfaces of the vertex of the reflector rise comparatively steeply and in one the apex region of the optical axis of the light beam to be generated facing away again so that the angle between the imaginary lines between the The vertex and two opposite outer edges of the reflector are preferred is below 45 °.
- These reflectors have a focus - albeit a blurred one.
- the light beam can then be influenced by one optical element or a plurality of optical elements arranged one behind the other.
- optical elements not only color filters or diaphragms come into consideration as optical elements, but all types of optical elements are to be mentioned, provided they do not expand the light beam beyond a certain extent.
- the light beam is then expanded to a desired cross-sectional area in the reflector unit arranged behind the optical element.
- the light beam is first thrown back by the second reflector onto the concave third reflector, which reflects the then expanded light beam out of the lighting apparatus.
- the second reflector can preferably be convex or even flat, but any other configuration of the reflector that widens the light beam is also conceivable.
- an advantage of the apparatus according to the invention over the prior art is that the optical elements to be used are comparatively small due to the small cross section of the light beam in front of the reflector unit, and therefore the production costs of a lighting apparatus with regard to these elements can be minimized.
- Another advantage is that due to the functional separation from the generation of a directed light beam and its optical processing, there is much greater freedom in the structural design of the necessary apparatus housing with regard to the necessary heat dissipation. This is particularly advantageous if high-power lamps are used as light sources, which work at a very high operating temperature.
- the optical element to be used can be made particularly small if it is arranged in the region of the second focal point. Nevertheless, the optical element can also be arranged in front of or behind the second focal point, or a plurality of optical elements in front of, in and / or behind the focal point. If the light beam widening behind the second focal point passes through the concave third reflector, the second reflector can be flat.
- the focal point can be a lens can be arranged at a distance from its focal length as an optical element.
- the light beam can be parallelized so that the distance between Lens and the reflector unit can be almost any size. So on simple way a variety of optical elements in a row between lens and the reflector unit can be arranged.
- the distance from the second reflector to the third reflector is adjustable. This allows the degree of expansion of the light beam to be changed.
- the lighting apparatus has a device for positioning one or more optical elements.
- this device for positioning one or more optical elements can be a rotatable effect disk. So you can switch from one optical element to another by rotating the effect disc. Film-like image sequences can also be generated with one pass through different optical elements with a constantly rotating effect disk.
- the effect disk has only one passage opening and is otherwise opaque.
- the effect disc can thus be used as a switchable cover can be used to either completely transmit the light beam or block completely.
- the reflectors can be mirrored his.
- the reflectors can be coated with a metal layer.
- the reflectors are made of an aluminum-containing material.
- the reflective properties of aluminum are such that there is no need for mirroring in the sense of minimizing production costs.
- the reflector surfaces should be polished.
- Such reflectors can be drawn from an aluminum sheet.
- the first and the third reflector each formed in one piece with an essentially cylindrical housing wall, the housing walls can be connected to one another via an interference fit are. In this way, the simplest possible manufacture of the reflector housing and simple assembly of the individual parts possible.
- FIG. 1 shows the principle of the lighting apparatus according to the invention with a light source unit 3 having at least one light source 1 and a first reflector 2.
- the reflector 2 is designed in the manner of a rotationally symmetrical ellipsoid which is open on one side, the light source 1 having a first focal point of the Forms ellipsoids and the light is focused in a second focal point 4 .
- an effect disk 5 with optical elements 6 projects into the light beam.
- the light beam passes through an opening 7 through a rotationally symmetrical, concave third reflector 9 and is widened by a second, convex, rotationally symmetrical reflector 8 and deflected onto the third reflector 9 , from where the now widened light beam is reflected out of the lighting apparatus ,
- the second and third reflectors 8 , 9 form the reflector unit 10 .
- the rotationally symmetrical design of the mirrors and reflectors 2 , 8 and 9 is particularly advantageous in the case of punctiform light sources, since this results in a comparatively uniform distribution of the light intensity over the cross section of the light beam. Nevertheless, the mirrors and reflectors do not necessarily have to be rotationally symmetrical.
- the mirrors and reflectors 2 , 8 and 9 can be surface-symmetrical in the case of an essentially line-shaped light source, for example in the manner of a fluorescent tube.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Polarising Elements (AREA)
- Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
Daher werden bevorzugt drehbare Effektscheiben (Gobos) mit verschiedenen, in Umfangsrichtung angeordneten Farbfiltern eingesetzt, bei denen die Filter nicht einer mechanischen Zugbelastung ausgesetzt sind.
Der besondere Vorteil einer solchen Anordnung liegt darin, daß der Abstand zwischen der Lichtquelle und dem Reflektor beliebig gewählt werden kann, indem ein nahezu verlustloser Lichtleiter das Lichts von der Lichtquelle bis zum Reflektor führt. Auch wird mit dieser Anordnung die Aufgabe gelöst, die aus der Lichtquelle austretenden Strahlen aufzufächern und mit nahezu gleicher Beleuchtungsstärke auf das Operationsfeld abzustrahlen.
Eine mögliche Verwendung anderer optischer Elemente zur Beeinflussung des Lichtstrahls, insbesondere zum Erzielen besonderer Lichteffekte, ist weder erwähnt noch erwünscht. Vielmehr stehen solche Lichteffekte dem Zweck einer Operationsleuchte, nämlich einer gleichmäßigen Ausleuchtung mit einem dem Tageslichtspektrum angepaßten Licht, entgegen.
Als optische Elemente kommen nicht nur Farbfilter oder auch Blenden in Betracht, sondern es sind jegliche Arten von optischen Elementen zu nennen, sofern sie den Lichtstrahl nicht über ein bestimmtes Maß hinaus aufweiten.
In der hinter dem optischen Element angeordneten Reflektoreinheit wird der Lichtstrahl dann auf eine gewünschte Querschnittsfläche aufgeweitet. Hierbei wird der Lichtstrahl zunächst vom zweiten Reflektor auf den konkaven dritten Reflektor zurückgeworfen, der den dann aufgeweiteten Lichtstrahl aus der Beleuchtungsapparatur heraus reflektiert. Der zweite Reflektor kann hierfür bevorzugt konvex oder auch eben ausgeführt sein, es ist allerdings auch jede andere, den Lichtstrahl aufweitende Gestaltung des Reflektors denkbar.
Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß aufgrund der funktionalen Trennung von der Erzeugung eines gerichteten Lichtstrahls und dessen optischer Aufbereitung wesentlich größere Freiheiten bei der konstruktiven Ausgestaltung des notwendigen Apparategehäuses hinsichtlich der notwendigen Wärmeabfuhr bestehen. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn als Lichtquellen Hochleistungslampen eingesetzt werden, die mit einer sehr hohen Betriebstemperatur arbeiten.
Das zu verwendende optische Element kann besonders klein ausgebildet sein, wenn es im Bereich des zweiten Brennpunkts angeordnet wird. Gleichwohl kann das optische Element auch vor oder hinter dem zweiten Brennpunkt angeordnet sein, oder auch mehrere optische Elemente vor, im und/oder hinter dem Brennpunkt.
Tritt der sich hinter dem zweiten Brennpunkt aufweitende Lichtstrahl durch den konkaven dritten Reflektor hindurch, kann der zweite Reflektor eben ausgebildet sein.
Hierdurch kann der Grad der Aufweitung des Lichtstrahls verändert werden.
Beispielsweise kann diese Vorrichtung zum Positionieren eines oder mehrerer optischer Elemente eine drehbar gelagerte Effektscheibe sein. So kann durch Drehung der Effektscheibe von einem optischen Element zu einem anderen gewechselt werden. Auch können bei einem Durchlauf verschiedener optischer Elemente bei sich konstant drehender Effektscheibe filmartige Bildsequenzen erzeugt werden.
Solche Reflektoren können aus einem Aluminiumblech gezogen werden.
Vor dem Brennpunkt 4 ragt eine Effektscheibe 5 mit optischen Elementen 6 in den Lichtstrahl hinein.
Der Lichtstrahl tritt durch eine Öffnung 7 durch einen rotationssymmetrischen, konkaven dritten Reflektor 9 hindurch und wird von einem zweiten, konvex ausgebildeten, rotationssymmetrischen Reflektor 8 aufgeweitet und auf den dritten Reflektor 9 umgelenkt, von wo aus der nunmehr aufgeweitete Lichtstrahl aus der Beleuchtungsapparatur heraus reflektiert wird. Der zweite und dritte Reflektor 8, 9 bilden die Reflektoreinheit 10.
Dennoch müssen die Spiegel und Reflektoren nicht zwingend rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet sein. So können die Spiegel und Reflektoren 2, 8 und 9 bei einer im wesentlichen strichförmigen Lichtquelle, beispielsweise in der Art einer Leuchtröhre, flächensymmetrisch sein.
Claims (9)
- Beleuchtungsapparatur mit einer mindestens eine Lichtquelle (1) und einen ersten Reflektor (2) aufweisenden Lichtquelleneinheit (3), wobei der erste Reflektor (2) in der Art eines auf einer Seite offenen Ellipsoids ausgebildet ist, die Lichtquelle im Bereich des ersten Brennpunkts des ersten Reflektors ausgebildet ist und das von der Lichtquelle (1) abgestrahlte Licht zu einem Lichtstrahl bündelt, sowie einer Reflektoreinheit (10) mit einem zweiten Reflektor (8) und einem konkaven dritten Reflektor (9), wobei der konkave dritte Reflektor (9) eine Öffnung (7) für den Lichtstrahl aufweist und der Lichtstrahl von dem zweiten Reflektor (8) auf den dritten Reflektor (9) reflektiert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lichtstrahl in einem zweiten Brennpunkt (4) zwischen dem ersten Reflektor (2) und dem zweiten Reflektor (8) zusammenläuft, und ein zwischen der Lichtquelleneinheit (3) und der Reflektoreinheit (10) angeordnetes optisches Element (6) angeordnet ist.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß hinter dem zweiten Brennpunkt (4) im Abstand ihrer Brennweite eine Linse angeordnet ist.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand vom zweiten Reflektor (8) zum dritten Reflektor (9) einstellbar ist.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine Vorrichtung zum Positionieren eines oder mehrerer optischer Elemente.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung zum Positionieren eines oder mehrerer optischer Elemente (6) eine drehbar gelagerte Effektscheibe ist.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reflektoren (2, 8, 9) verspiegelt sind.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reflektoren (2, 8, 9) aus einem aluminiumhaltigen Werkstoff gebildet sind.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Reflektoren (2, 8, 9) aus einem Aluminiumblech gezogen sind.
- Beleuchtungsapparatur nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der erste Reflektor (2) und der dritte Reflektor (9) jeweils einstückig mit einer im wesentlichen zylindrischen Gehäusewandung ausgebildet und die Gehäusewandungen über eine Preßpassung miteinander verbindbar sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19840475A DE19840475A1 (de) | 1998-09-04 | 1998-09-04 | Beleuchtungsapparatur |
DE19840475 | 1998-09-04 | ||
PCT/DE1999/002817 WO2000014447A1 (de) | 1998-09-04 | 1999-09-03 | Beleuchtungsapparatur |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1112458A1 EP1112458A1 (de) | 2001-07-04 |
EP1112458B1 true EP1112458B1 (de) | 2003-02-05 |
Family
ID=7879873
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99968702A Expired - Lifetime EP1112458B1 (de) | 1998-09-04 | 1999-09-03 | Beleuchtungsapparatur |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6572246B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1112458B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE232279T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1147900A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19840475A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2190285T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000014447A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004522269A (ja) * | 2001-03-27 | 2004-07-22 | メリディアン オートモーティブ システムズ インコーポレイテッド | 簡単な構造の車両用ランプアセンブリ及びこれを含むセンターハイマウントストップランプおよび尾灯 |
ITTO20020371A1 (it) * | 2002-05-06 | 2003-11-06 | Bruno Baiardi | Proiettore di luce con set di filtri ruotanti atttorno al proprio asse. |
US7178937B2 (en) * | 2004-01-23 | 2007-02-20 | Mcdermott Vernon | Lighting device and method for lighting |
US8016470B2 (en) * | 2007-10-05 | 2011-09-13 | Dental Equipment, Llc | LED-based dental exam lamp with variable chromaticity |
DE102005061204A1 (de) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-07-05 | Perkinelmer Elcos Gmbh | Beleuchtungsvorrichtung, Beleuchtungssteuergerät und Beleuchtungssystem |
US8002446B1 (en) | 2008-06-09 | 2011-08-23 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Virtual direct and indirect suspended lighting fixture |
US20100053971A1 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-03-04 | Abl Ip Holding Llc | Asymmetric Lighting Systems and Applications Thereof |
US8439525B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2013-05-14 | Abl Ip Holding Llc | Luminaires having enhanced light distribution and applications thereof |
US8282248B1 (en) | 2008-12-03 | 2012-10-09 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Luminaire including upper and lower dome-shaped optical elements |
US9081125B2 (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2015-07-14 | Quarkstar Llc | Illumination devices including multiple light emitting elements |
EP2742540B1 (de) | 2011-08-08 | 2016-04-20 | Quarkstar, LLC | Beleuchtungsvorrichtungen mit mehreren lichtemittierenden elementen |
US8573823B2 (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2013-11-05 | Quarkstar Llc | Solid-state luminaire |
TWM435795U (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2012-08-11 | Inhon Internat Co Ltd | Lighting structure |
EP2895794B1 (de) | 2012-09-13 | 2018-06-27 | Quarkstar LLC | Beleuchtungssysteme für direkte und indirekte beleuchtung |
US9746173B2 (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2017-08-29 | Quarkstar Llc | Illumination devices including enclosure panels with luminaire modules |
WO2014124285A2 (en) | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-14 | Quarkstar Llc | Illumination device providing direct and indirect illumination |
US9410680B2 (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2016-08-09 | Quarkstar Llc | Illumination devices with adjustable optical elements |
EP3022483B1 (de) | 2013-07-18 | 2017-07-12 | Quarkstar LLC | Leuchtmodul mit mehreren lichtleiterelementen |
EP3327339B1 (de) | 2013-09-17 | 2020-04-08 | Quarkstar LLC | Lichtleiterbeleuchtungsvorrichtung zur direkten-indirekten beleuchtung |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2755374A (en) * | 1952-03-13 | 1956-07-17 | Ott Walter | Reflecting system |
US3294962A (en) * | 1965-02-23 | 1966-12-27 | Hilzen Hy | Indirect or "bounce" lighting apparatus |
DE2133719C3 (de) * | 1971-07-07 | 1978-08-24 | Original Hanau Quarzlampen Gmbh, 6450 Hanau | Operationsleuchte |
GB1360481A (en) * | 1972-02-14 | 1974-07-17 | Lucas Industries Ltd | Lamps |
US3900726A (en) * | 1974-04-25 | 1975-08-19 | Berkey Colortran | Compact follow spot |
DE8604395U1 (de) * | 1986-02-19 | 1988-12-01 | Daume & Jordan GmbH & Co KG, 5600 Wuppertal | Blendungsfreie Leuchte mit streifenförmigem Abblendreflektor |
GB8805581D0 (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1988-04-07 | Pulsar Light Of Cambridge Ltd | Improved spotlight & control system therefor |
JP3173033B2 (ja) * | 1991-03-20 | 2001-06-04 | ソニー株式会社 | 放光装置 |
US5335158A (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1994-08-02 | Eastman Kodak Company | High efficiency linear light source |
DE4417695C2 (de) * | 1994-05-20 | 1998-01-29 | Reitter & Schefenacker Gmbh | Kraftfahrzeugleuchte |
EP0751339A3 (de) * | 1995-06-30 | 1998-05-06 | CUNNINGHAM, David W. | Beleuchtungseinrichtung mit gegossenem Reflektor |
GB2310035A (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1997-08-13 | Stephen Ernest Watts | Special effect lighting |
-
1998
- 1998-09-04 DE DE19840475A patent/DE19840475A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-09-03 AT AT99968702T patent/ATE232279T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-03 US US09/786,395 patent/US6572246B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-03 DE DE59904233T patent/DE59904233D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-03 ES ES99968702T patent/ES2190285T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-03 AU AU11479/00A patent/AU1147900A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-03 EP EP99968702A patent/EP1112458B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-03 WO PCT/DE1999/002817 patent/WO2000014447A1/de active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE232279T1 (de) | 2003-02-15 |
DE59904233D1 (de) | 2003-03-13 |
DE19840475A1 (de) | 2000-03-30 |
US6572246B1 (en) | 2003-06-03 |
WO2000014447A1 (de) | 2000-03-16 |
EP1112458A1 (de) | 2001-07-04 |
ES2190285T3 (es) | 2003-07-16 |
AU1147900A (en) | 2000-03-27 |
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