EP1105270B1 - Milling device for machining concrete surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a milling device for machining concrete surfaces and a corresponding milling method. By means of said milling device (1), which comprises lateral milling rolls (2) whose circumferential milling elements (25) extend as far as the outer edge, ceilings/floors (6) and walls (7) can be machined fully as far as the corresponding adjoining walls. Advantageously, milling elements (26) are also fixed to the faces of such lateral milling rolls (20) so that in a single working step a marginal strip (8) of a laterally adjoining wall (7) can also be milled. The milling waste is aspirated by means of a suction device so that the milling device can be used even in contaminated spaces.

Description

The invention relates to a milling device for machining Concrete surfaces according to the preamble features of Patent claim 1. Such a milling device is out EP-A-0 661 144. Herein a hand-held ground milling machine is described.

Such milling devices are used in particular for disposal and Decontamination of concrete walls used. Often will be there still manually guided milling devices used, as in the aforementioned EP-A-0 661 144 wherein the operator in the immediate vicinity of the milling site is located so that a high dust load and thus a large Health hazards exist, which by the use of Dust filters for the staff can hardly be mitigated. This especially applies to recycling or canceling Concrete walls of an elevated chemical or radioactive Exposed to stress, such as asbestos-containing Concrete walls or concrete walls at a nuclear power plant.

When renovating or canceling nuclear power plants is the Radiation exposure of staff particularly high. There will be in a first operation, the top concrete layer of Concrete walls, concrete floors and concrete floors removed, with mostly from contamination to a depth of 8 to 15 mm is to be assumed and therefore a removal of the top 2 cm sufficient. The milling of such a contaminated The concrete part is being monitored by the authorities in order to ensure that the contaminated outer layer is completely milled off. Then the remaining "core" of the concrete part can be new jacketed or for conventional disposal or demolition while only the concrete dust and the Milled material from the contaminated outer layer of a final disposal must be supplied. It is therefore essential that the Editing in the three dimensions of a room completely and This can be done very accurately, especially in the Border areas of two angled adjoining concrete walls.

By the in this procedure to be taken Precautions thus results in addition to the threat to the Staff and the high workload also a high Cost burden in the decontamination of such concrete walls. Suitable machining methods and milling devices for this purpose However, the state of the art can only be deduced to a limited extent.

Thus, DE 92 11 084 U1 describes a Device for surface treatment vertical and inclined Surfaces with a rotating, cylindrical, with Cutting elements occupied tool carrier for the removal of Building material layers, such as plaster, paint and similar layers, wherein the tool is freely movable in all three axes. Of the Milling head has a jacket in its upper area, the removed small and the accumulating dust are removed or be sucked off. An insert of this device for complete milling of a wall up to and including the Corner areas inside, but is not with this milling device possible because the milling drum is mounted at both ends is.

From DE 44 01 002 C2 of the applicant is a milling device known, in particular for the treatment of contaminated Concrete parts of a nuclear power plant is designed. The Milling device has a carriage-guided milling head which is guided in a portal scaffold. The portal framework encloses a concrete part to be machined completely and is also connected to a suction device, the suction nozzle is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the milling head. The Milling walls is stationary with this in use Device or cabin not possible.

EP 0 441 006 further describes a milling head which is known as Milling drum formed with a plurality of diamond segments is. DE-PS 37 23 617 relates to a method for manufacturing an imitated Solnhofer marble structure, with a Variety of "dancing" chisels cutting into the limestone is incorporated. In order to increase the dust minimize, is on the machining tool a protective bell provided at the two suction nozzles and associated Suction hoses are provided. This protective bell is only in direct work area provided, so that possibly from the Protective bell emerging dust can not be sucked.

From DE 25 34 907 a Putzentfernungsgerät is known, in which is provided with a scratching wedge scraper shaft. The small falls into the lower part of a cover, wherein this is sealed at the bottom with rubber. The seal However, it does not circulate, so that in particular dust can escape. DE 33 29 465 describes a device for Machining of surfaces in which a tool in one Housing is added with a rotating brush. A However, sealing upwards is only due to the design guaranteed at the first cut a flat wall.

From DE 20 47 441 a device for planar Edit a building part known in which each other counter-rotating disc milling cutters are used. The abgefräßte Klein is discharged via a channel upwards. However, side milling cutters require a higher pressure, which is why the use of roll milling is preferred.

In DE 26 48 960 a device for milling of Wall surfaces described in which on the spur surface of a rotating milling disc axially directed cutting teeth such are arranged that these attack circular on the wall. However, milling discs are for use in contaminated Walls due to poorer handling unsuitable. A disadvantage of this system also that the retraction on the required depth of the cut is problematic because the To be removed layer first stops in the middle of the disk. It is also known, the device that receives the milling disc, so on to fix a positively driven carriage, that the Milling disc is movable on all sides parallel to the wall.

From DD 287 176 is a device for suspension and Guide rotating tools known at the end of a Jib of a mobile carrier device is arranged so that a substantially free storage of the rotating tool in given all three directions of rotation. Disadvantageously must The positioning can be done manually, which is an unnecessary burden of the staff.

Accordingly, the invention has the object, a Milling device for the most complete and uniform Milling of walls, in particular interior walls, as well as To provide a method for this, so that on the one hand to simple and cost effective way to reduce the dust load of the Staff is possible and so that the angled edge areas two adjacent walls can be milled.

This object is achieved by a milling device with the features of claim 1, namely for processing Concrete walls that abut each other in edge areas.

For use in the renovation or demolition of Concrete walls, ceilings and floors, especially of contaminated ones Concrete walls, allows the design of the guided movable milling device with at least one lateral Milling device a complete milling one to processing wall right up to adjacent walls. The resulting dust, which is dangerous to the operating personnel is held inside the panel and directly aspirated.

Advantageous embodiments are the subject of dependent Claims.

The execution of the milling device with a movable Frame allows quick and safe milling of floors. The use of a vehicle with an adjustable boom, on which a milling device is arranged, offers the special Advantage of the milling device on walls and ceilings quickly in the to bring the right position. It is also advantageous that no dowel holes introduced into a wall to be machined need to be to attach a rail to this wall. This also reduces the administrative and testing costs, because z. For example, when drilling in nuclear power plants each Dowel hole must be registered and proven.

Enable monitoring and signaling devices both a safe positioning of the milling device as well a monitoring of the milling work both from a control station at the milling device as well as remotely. If the transmitted values are fed into a computerized unit can be, so the implementation of the positioning and the Milling also partially or fully automatically done.

Fig. 1

eine Fräsvorrichtung mit einem auf einem Boden frei verfahrbaren Gestell;

Fig. 2

schematisch im Teilschnitt eine Fräsvorrichtung mit einer Schienenführung, die an einer Wand festgelegt ist; und

Fig. 3

eine Fräsvorrichtung mit einer Schienenführung, die am Ausleger eines Teleskopstaplers angelenkt ist.

An embodiment of the invention is shown below in Fig. 3 and explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a milling device with a freely movable on a floor frame;

Fig. 2

schematically in partial section a milling device with a rail guide which is fixed to a wall; and

Fig. 3

a milling device with a rail guide, which is articulated on the boom of a telehandler.

In Fig. 1, the general structure of a milling device 1 is shown, is which is mounted on the front side on a self-propelled frame 2. The frame 2 and the milling device can be guided and controlled via a back and top guided handle bar 3 and various controls 4. On the back of the Rack 2, a motor 5 is attached, which is used to drive the Milling device 1 and for moving the frame 2 via a Substrate 6 is used, which represents a first wall here.

The milling device 1 consists essentially of a central milling drum 10, the transverse to the driving or milling direction in front area of the frame 1 is mounted. The central Milling roll 10 is made of two end bearing washers 11, the sit on a drive shaft 12, and elongate drive plates 13th constructed from the outer periphery of a bearing disc 11 for Guide the outer circumference of the other and attached to it. At least one of these drive plates 13 is not one here formed milling plate formed.

The drive shaft 12 leads from both end sides of the central Milling roller 10 out, passing through bearings over which the Drive shaft 12 on a conventional lowering mechanism of the Rack 2 is stored. About the lowering mechanism is a Presetting the cutting depth in the run over ground 6 possible.

The from a front side of the central milling drum 10th outstanding drive shaft 12 also leads by a Drive pulley 14 through, by means of a drive belt 15 is drivable. The drive belt 15 is around the Drive pulley 14 and tensioned about a motor shaft of the motor 5.

A particular feature of the illustrated milling device is at least one laterally mounted or lateral milling drum 20, the front side of the central milling drum 10 on the drive shaft 12 is fixed and rotated with this. However, it is preferred on each side of the central milling drum 10 such a lateral Milling roller 20 is arranged.

From the basic structure ago, the lateral milling rollers 20, like the central milling drum 10, two bearing disks 21 and 22 and between whose outer circumference fixed running plates 23. At least one the Laufplatten 23 is as a milling plate 24 with it or formed therefrom milled elements 25. It is preferred However - as with the central milling drum 10 - a Distribution of Milling Elements 25 over Several or All of Running plates 23.

The standing in a milling process webs between each two adjacent milling drums 10 and 20 are at a second, laterally offset, but still milled overlapping milling.

A special feature is that the outside bearing washers 22 of the lateral milling rollers 20 as storage and milling discs 22nd are formed, on the front side of other cutting elements 26, z. B. diamond pins are attached.

Therefore, with the milling device not only the overrun Ground 6 are milled, but also a side wall 7, which stands up from the ground 6 and at the milling device is guided along, as shown here. Advantageously, this results in the lower side Wall 7 a Randfräskante 8. In other words, with this Milling device can be two mutually projecting walls or a base 6 and a wall 7 all the way to the edge area be milled. Therefore, no bridges remain, as they are the cutting devices of the prior art at the edges remain.

The drive shaft 12 passes through the lateral milling rollers 20th not as in the central milling drum 10 completely through this through, but only through the inside bearing disc 21. An this is the end of the drive shaft 12 by means of a Fixing device 27 attached to the inside of the Bearing disk 21 is arranged.

To use the milling device in highly contaminated spaces can, are the milling rollers 10 and 20 of a housing or Enclosed box 30 enclosed. In Fig. 1 is for the sake of Clarity only a panel box 30 for the central Milling roller 10 shown. The trim box 30 has a hinged lid 31 to access the central To allow milling drum 10.

Downwards, the transition gap between the bottom the trim box 30 to the ground 6 through a Seal member 32 are completed, z. B. a tight with Bristled brush or a rubber lip.

In at least one wall of the trim box 30, in particular in its lid 31, at least one suction opening 33 educated. This is about a not shown Suction hose with a strong suction fan 34 in conjunction. For the use in contaminated environment becomes a special Suction fan provided, the particular record container can, without a rearrangement of the suction material to transport and Repositories are suitable. The suction fan 34 may be on the frame 2 attached or formed as a separate unit.

There are 30 more on the side of the trim box Cladding elements attachable to the casing of the lateral milling rollers 20 serve. Alternatively, a can single cover box to cover the central and the lateral milling rollers 10 and 20 attached to the milling device be.

A fairing element of importance is a removable side panel element used to cover the Front side (s) of the lateral milling rollers 20 serves, if these not be guided along a wall to be machined 7. Advantageously, this side panel element alternately to one or mirrored to the other End face of the milling device 1 formed attachable.

Advantageously, the covering device is so designed so that they always on all sides of the milling device ensures a secure seal. These can z. B. individual Cladding elements with sealing lips in the edge areas the fairing or the entire Be fairing mounted spring loaded. Suction air from lateral milling rollers 20 may by a as Hollow shaft formed drive shaft 12 are guided. To be in their section within the central milling drum 10th Longitudinal slits formed through the air with dust and depending on Suction strength with milled material from the lateral milling rollers 20th is sucked.

Another way of suction from the side Milling rollers 20 is the formation of air guide holes 28 in the inside bearing discs 28 of the lateral milling rollers 20 and the bearing discs 11 of the central milling drum 10. Preferably These bearing discs 11 and / or 21 also turbine-wheel-like be formed to absorb the suction from the side Milling rollers 20 in the region of the central milling drum 10 into it to reinforce. Preference is given to the training of a Fairing, which is sufficiently high above the revolving Milling plates 24 is arranged so that a central Suction is possible.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, such is one Milling device also as rail-guided milling device for Machining a particular vertical wall can be formed.

In this milling device is a milling device 1, which in the essentially as the one described above is constructed by means of a feed device 49 along a rail 50 movable arranged. The rail 50 is directly to a machined Wall 7 fastened, the rail 50 according to a further embodiment also spaced from the wall 7 is determinable. Alternatively or additionally is also a Fixing the rail 50 by means of ceiling and floor supports and / or a tensioning device 51 on the floor and / or the Ceiling of a room possible.

The milling device 1 here consists of two lateral Milling rollers 40, via a drive shaft 42 with each other are connected and protrude laterally beyond the rail 50. The lateral milling rollers 40 are driven by means of a Motors 47 over z. B. a bevel gear and the drive shaft 42nd A Absenkgetriebe 48 allows the lateral milling rollers 40th to move towards the wall 7 or lower.

The milling rollers 40 are made essentially again Milling plates 44 and, depending on the embodiment, also from running plates 43, which rotate about the axis of the drive shaft 42. To the Milling plates 44 are circumferentially peripheral milling elements 45th attached. To the outside end face are on the lateral milling rollers 40 turn outside milling elements 46th attached. To prevent the escape of dust is a Here also not shown panel with a connection provided for a suction fan 53. A central milling drum is not provided in this embodiment, but would be at a corresponding arrangement of the milling device, for. B. between the rail 50 and the wall 7 to be machined, too furnishable.

While the entire, preferably automated control and Suction mechanism arranged directly on the carriage 41 which guides the milling device on the rail 50, take place the control and / or the suction of dust and / or Milled material here from a separate extraction and control device 52 off. This can be fixedly attached to the rail 50 or, as shown, consist of a movable carriage.

The suction and control device 52 shown carries a Safety vacuum cleaner 53, which is strong enough, especially in the Milling completely dust to be extracted and for Transport and disposal directly into a security container contribute. Preferably, the safety sucker 53 is over a flexible suction hose 55 with the milling device or the Connection connected in their disguise. Continue to wear the Extraction and control device 52 in the case of a hydraulic Control of the milling device and a hydraulic unit 54th However, it is preferred for safety reasons electric drive.

The control of the entire milling device via a Control unit on or in the suction and control device 52, which is preferably remotely controllable via a remote control 57. The supply of the milling device and / or the suction and Control device 52 and the connection with each other can per Radio and / or supply, control and Signaling lines 56 take place.

Particularly advantageous is the monitoring of the milling process by means of cameras 58 connected to the milling device or the Carriage 41 attached and directed towards the wall 7 out. there For example, the cameras 58 may be attached to the ends of cantilevers 59 be to allow a wider field of view. A automatic or remote-controlled alignment of the cameras 58 and the use of telescopic boom 59 improves Possibilities of remote monitoring and remote control.

In the embodiment according to the invention, with reference to FIG. 3 is explained, the milling device on the boom 61 of a Telehandler 60 is arranged. In the preferred However, embodiment is not on the boom 61 Milling device itself directly attached, but a rail 70, the milling device and its drive means carries movable. In essence, the rail 70 and the milling device arranged thereon with the previously described comparable constructed.

The milling device, which consists essentially of two lateral milling rollers 71 with cutting elements 72 on the circumference and the End face is, in turn, via a carriage 73 at the rail 70 movably mounted. Driven and up and the milling rollers 71 are lowered again via appropriate Feed, drive and lowering devices used in the However, drawing are not shown.

The rail 70 itself is at the outer end of the boom 61 preferably hinged so that they are both a Carriage pivot axis 74, in the illustrated basic position horizontally and parallel to a wall 7 to be machined runs, as well as about a carriage rotation axis 75 pivotally or is rotatable, which extends in the direction of the wall 7. Thereby The telehandler 60 may first be in a rough position in front of the to be processed wall 7 are driven, and then can a fine alignment of the rail 70 relative to the wall 7th be made, which is considered a special overall allows quick change of the milling position on a wall 7. To secure the state of the telescopic stacker 60 in the Rough-position serve jib 66, as used by truck cranes and The like are known.

For aligning the rail 70 and monitoring the Milling process can on the rail 70 and / or on the carriage 73rd Sensors, in particular pressure sensors 76, cameras 77 and others be arranged appropriate instruments. The pressure sensors 76 serve for example to the touch of the rail 70 and the Wall 7 or a ceiling display. Can also be displayed the strength of the pressure to B. on the one hand damaging a To avoid blanket, on the other hand but a supporting effect of Ceiling on the adjacent rail 70 to allow.

The display of the data from such monitors 76, 77 can z. B. on a remote display outside one working nuclear power plant or in the cab 62 of the Telehandler 60 done. Also an automatic or semi-automatic evaluation of the data can be set up and with a remote control combined.

The telehandler 60 or another suitable vehicle with a boom 61 carries in the illustrated Embodiment also a Sauggebläseeinrichtung 63, the connected via a suction hose 64 to the milling device is to dust and preferably also milled material of one to vacuum processed wall 7. Advantageously, the Suction again stored directly in containers, which at the same time as Transport and disposal containers are suitable. For an exchange this container is located in the housing wall of the Suction fan 63 a well accessible door 65th

In the various drive and milling of the The above embodiments are electric drives preferred, since otherwise exiting cooling or Hydraulic fluid, as well as fuels, to the processing walls or floors could arrive. These Liquids would then penetrate the walls, Contaminate contaminants and into deeper layers of the wall take. Because these deeper layers are usually no more be removed for a special disposal, but be disposed of conventionally, so would the danger Dispose of contaminated material improperly. For special However, applications are also combined drive systems possible. Also parallel electric and hydraulic drives can be provided, with the choice of drive type depending on the specific job.

With such milling devices, the milling rollers both a enable circumferential as well as frontal milling, are the interior walls of a room, including the ceiling and of the soil, can be milled to the edges.

A milling method for this comprises, in a first step Milling an entire first surface or wall, z. B. one Bodens, where also a marginal strip of it laterally adjacent side walls is milled with. After that, in follow the appropriate sidewalls as needed and the ceiling is milled to the edges. there be the walls on which the milling device in one previous operation feed, so that by the roll rounding conditionally on the first wall or here the ground a marginal strip remained, milled across the previous milling direction. Thereby is the remaining on the first wall edge strip at Abfräsen the adjacent wall by means of the external or milled end-face milling elements 26, 46 and 72 with.

In milling devices, in which the front sides of the lateral Milling rollers are not equipped with cutting elements is a somewhat more elaborate milling process required to complete the To scrape edge areas of all walls of a room, since the Milling off a border strip of an adjacent wall is eliminated. In this case, after milling a first wall in one further milling to scrape the edge strips on this first wall due to the rounding of the milling rollers due to the Walls remain on the previous milling movement was directed. In this further Fräsgang is the Milling device along the edge strips over this away guided, ie transversely to the previous milling direction.

By the rounding of the lateral milling rollers 20, 40 and 71, respectively conditionally remains in the corners of a room in which three walls collide, now only a very small corner area, which is not milled with the milling of the state the technology and the corresponding milling devices for it However, strips remained on all sides along the entire strip Border areas are.

Claims (8)

1. A milling machine for machining concrete surfaces, in particular contaminated wall surfaces (6, 7) such as ceilings, walls and floors of buildings, having

   a milling device (1) which has at least one side or side-mounted end milling cutter (71) with at least one peripheral milling element (25; 45), whereby a first wall surface (6) being processed can be machined in the corner region right up to another adjacent wall surface (7),

   a lining (30) of the end milling cutter (71), whereby said lining (30) for exhausting at least the dust generated by milling is coupled to an exhaust unit (34; 53; 63), and

   a guide device (60, 70) for guiding the milling device (1) in a preset direction of milling,

   characterised in that the milling device (1) is coupled to a boom (61), which in particular is telescopically extensible and pivotable, of a vehicle (60) in the form of a telescopic stacker.
2. Milling machine as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the end milling cutter (71) is coupled to the boom (61) of the vehicle (60) to swivel or pivot about a substantially vertical axis (74) and/or an axis of rotation (75) directed to the wall surface (7) to be machined.
3. Milling machine as claimed in any one of the foregoing claims, characterised by a signalling and monitoring instrument, in particular at least one camera (77) and/or a pressure sensor (76), for aligning the milling machine (1) and/or for monitoring the milling operation.
4. Milling machine as claimed in any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the milling device (1) has a central end milling cutter (10) mounted on both sides on a common axis (12) between two side-mounted end milling cutters (20).
5. Milling machine as claimed in any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the milling device (1) has two front-side bearing discs (11), of which at least one is coupled to a drive shaft (12), and longitudinal running plates (13) which lead from the outer periphery of one bearing disc (11) to the outer periphery of the other bearing disc and are attached thereto, whereby at least one of these running plates (13) is designed as a milling plate (24).
6. Milling machine as claimed in any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the exhaust device (34; 53; 63) is an integrated component of the milling machine or a separate device which is coupled to the lining (30) of the milling device (1) and preferably accommodates an exchangeable container provided for the transport and ultimate waste disposal of exhausted material.
7. Milling machine as claimed in any one of the foregoing claims, characterised by a remote control unit via a remote console (57), whereby the remote control can be operated automatically in particular.
8. Milling machine as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that at least one side or side-mounted end milling cutter or the side-mounted end milling cutters (20; 40; 71) exhibits a front-side milling device, in particular a plurality of milling pins (26; 46; 72).

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