EP1103350B1 - Machine-outil avec électro-aimant pour la fixation à une pièce ferromagnétique - Google Patents

Machine-outil avec électro-aimant pour la fixation à une pièce ferromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1103350B1
EP1103350B1 EP20000121732 EP00121732A EP1103350B1 EP 1103350 B1 EP1103350 B1 EP 1103350B1 EP 20000121732 EP20000121732 EP 20000121732 EP 00121732 A EP00121732 A EP 00121732A EP 1103350 B1 EP1103350 B1 EP 1103350B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electromagnet
switch
pole
state
bridge rectifier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20000121732
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1103350A3 (fr
EP1103350A2 (fr
Inventor
Christof Kress
Martin Beichter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
C&E Fein GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
C&E Fein GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by C&E Fein GmbH and Co filed Critical C&E Fein GmbH and Co
Publication of EP1103350A2 publication Critical patent/EP1103350A2/fr
Publication of EP1103350A3 publication Critical patent/EP1103350A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1103350B1 publication Critical patent/EP1103350B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
    • B25H1/00—Work benches; Portable stands or supports for positioning portable tools or work to be operated on thereby
    • B25H1/0021—Stands, supports or guiding devices for positioning portable tools or for securing them to the work
    • B25H1/0057—Devices for securing hand tools to the work
    • B25H1/0064—Stands attached to the workpiece
    • B25H1/0071—Stands attached to the workpiece by magnetic means

Definitions

  • Machine tool with an electromagnet for attachment to a ferromagnetic workpiece with a switching device with at least two switching states, a working state in which the electromagnet and a drive device of the machine tool are activated, and a holding state in which the electromagnet, but not the drive device is activated, and means by which the current of the electromagnet in the holding state is reduced with respect to the current of the electromagnet in the working state.
  • Such a machine tool is from the DE 31 00 933 C2 known.
  • machine tools are usually to power tools, in particular drills, which can be fixed by means of a magnetic stator to the workpiece to be machined from ferromagnetic material.
  • power tools in particular drills
  • Such machine tools are used, for example, when working on power pylons, in steel construction, when working on supports, etc., e.g. to create holes where you have to work with high torque.
  • the machine tool mentioned above has a base plate in which an electromagnetic coil is provided for fastening a drill stand when the coil is excited on the workpiece.
  • the coil is driven via a switching arrangement, responsive to the magnetic flux of the coil, the power supply to the machine tool in the absence of a predetermined magnetic flux density interrupting switches are provided.
  • the electromagnet can heat up significantly during prolonged work, especially when in the implementation of a variety of machining operations of the solenoid constantly remains switched on because the machine tool between the individual processing operations can not be removed or removed only with great effort. If a larger number of Machining operations is necessary, such machine tools often remain even several days or weeks on a workpiece, the electromagnet must remain constantly turned on during this time to ensure the fixation on the workpiece. This is associated with a significant energy consumption.
  • a motor control for an electromagnetic tool in which a magnetizable base member can be switched to a small magnetic flux holding state and a high magnetic flux working state.
  • a resistor limits the magnetic flux, whereas the resistance to the working state is shorted.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular, the energy consumption should be reduced as possible.
  • the holding force is completely sufficient to ensure a secure positioning of the machine tool on the workpiece, in particular during work interruptions.
  • the full holding torque of the electromagnet must be available only in working condition.
  • the electromagnet is fed from an AC voltage source in the hold state via a half-wave rectifier, while the electromagnet is energized in the working state via a full-wave rectifier.
  • the electromagnet in the hold state is driven only with a half-wave of the rectified AC voltage, while in the working state on the full-wave rectifier both half-waves are used to supply the electromagnet with pulsating DC voltage.
  • the second half-wave is used to apply the full holding power as a safety reserve during this time.
  • the rectifier is expediently designed as a bridge rectifier, wherein the electromagnet is connected between the positive pole and the negative pole of the bridge rectifier and in a branch of the bridge rectifier, a switch for switching between working position and holding position is provided.
  • the electromagnet is fed from an AC voltage source via a Brükken Eisenrichter, the bridge rectifier on the input side, a diode is connected upstream and a switch for bridging the diode is provided in the working state.
  • Such an embodiment is advantageous when a bridge rectifier is used as a complete component, so that the insertion of a switch for switching between working position and holding position in a branch of the bridge rectifier is not possible.
  • only one half-wave can be used by connecting the diode, while both half-waves are used in bridging the diode.
  • the electromagnet consists of a plurality of individual magnets, wherein in the holding state, only a portion of the individual magnets is subjected to voltage which is smaller than the plurality of individual magnets, which are acted upon in the working state with voltage.
  • Another way to reduce the current through the electromagnet in the holding state is to apply the electromagnet in the hold state only via a series resistor with voltage.
  • the series resistor can be bypassed in the working state.
  • an electrical or electronic control element can be provided, via which the electromagnet is operated in the holding state with a reduced current.
  • Fig. 1 is a circuit for an electromagnet according to the invention for attaching a machine tool to a ferromagnetic workpiece indicated generally by the numeral 10.
  • the electromagnet 30 is fed via a bridge rectifier 20 from an AC voltage source 12, 14.
  • the bridge rectifier 20 has four diodes 22, 24, 26, 28, which are connected in a known manner to the bridge rectifier circuit 20.
  • the electromagnet 30 is connected at its two ends between the negative pole 32 and the positive pole 34 of the bridge rectifier 20. While one AC terminal of the bridge rectifier 20 is directly connected to the supply voltage pole 14, the other is AC power connection of the bridge rectifier 20 via an on / off switch 16 connected to the supply voltage pole 12. While the other terminal of the on / off switch 16 is connected directly to the anode of the diode 26, leading to the negative terminal 32 of the bridge rectifier 20 diode 22 is connected via a further on / off switch 18 to the on / off switch 16. Both switches 16, 18 together form a switching device, which is designated by the letter S.
  • the circuit 10 now works as follows:
  • the switching device S has a total of three switching states, which are due to the positions of the switches 16, 18.
  • a first switching state of the switching device S is the off state, which is present when the switch 16 is in the OFF position, so that the bridge rectifier 20 and the electromagnet 30 are de-energized.
  • a second switching state of the switching device S is the holding state, which is present when the switch 16 is in the ON position and the switch 18 is in the OFF position.
  • a third switching state of the switching device S is the working state, which results when both switches 16, 18 are closed.
  • the diode 22 of the bridge rectifier 20 is supplied with voltage, so that another branch of the bridge rectifier 20 is supplied with power, the is given by the path through the switches 16, 18, the diode 22, the electromagnet 30 and the diode 28, so that the bridge rectifier 20 is now fully utilized and the solenoid 30 is fed from a full-wave rectifier, ie that both half-waves of the supply voltage used become.
  • switch 18 can of course also be installed in another branch of the bridge rectifier 20.
  • Such a circuit 10 can be used for a machine tool, which is to be held with a magnetic base on a ferromagnetic workpiece (not shown).
  • the electromagnet 30 is in a near-surface arrangement, so that when current through the electromagnet 30, the machine tool is attracted with its magnetic base to a ferromagnetic workpiece, so as to position the machine tool and hold in the working position.
  • machine tool is designed as a power tool
  • another drive e.g. equipped with a pneumatic drive
  • the circuit 10 according to the invention has the advantage that the power consumption of the electromagnet 30 is reduced in the holding state compared to the power consumption of the electromagnet 30 in the working state by about 50%, since only one half-wave of the AC voltage is used in the holding state, while both half-waves are used in the working state , This leads to a significantly lower heating of the electromagnet 30, which is particularly noticeable in continuous operation. Likewise results in a drastic reduction in energy consumption, since the power consumption in the hold state is reduced by about 50%. Nevertheless, even in the holding state due to the magnetization curve of the core material of the electromagnet 30, a holding force of about 75% of the holding force of the electromagnet 30 in the working state.
  • This value in the hold state is sufficient to accurately position the machine tool in question before a work on the workpiece or hold between different operations on the workpiece. Only during the machining process itself, the full magnetic flux of the electromagnet 30 is necessary to have a sufficient safety margin against a release from the workpiece or against slipping due to the machining forces available.
  • machine tools 40, 50 and 60 are drilling machines, which are equipped with a magnetic base, by means of which the drill is fixed upon excitation of an electromagnet on a workpiece.
  • the machine tool 40 has a drive shaft which is driven by means of a universal motor, which in Fig. 2 indicated by the reference numeral 42.
  • a switching device S which comprises a two-pole main switch 16, 17 and a motor switch 18.
  • the two-pole main switch 16, 17 can be connected to the two supply voltage poles 12, 14 via a power plug.
  • the two outputs of the two-pole main switch 16, 17 are in turn connected to a bridge rectifier 20, between the negative pole 32 and positive pole 34, an electromagnet 30 is connected.
  • the bridge rectifier 20 again consists of four diodes 22, 24, 26, 28, which in a known manner, as in Fig. 1 explained, are connected.
  • the diode 22 is connected to the output of the motor switch 18, which is designed as an on / off switch.
  • the universal motor 42 is also connected, which is connected via a speed control 44 and the second pole 17 of the main switch 16, 17 to the other pole 14 of the supply voltage source.
  • the motor switch 18 is used to turn on / off the motor 42, at the same time hereby the switching of the electromagnet 30 between holding state and working state.
  • FIG. 3 Another modification of the machine tool 40 according to Fig. 2 is in Fig. 3 represented and designated in total by the numeral 50.
  • the only difference to the execution according to Fig. 2 is that instead of a single-pole motor switch 18 now a two-pole motor switch 18, 19 is provided. While the first pole 18 of the motor switch 18, 19 connects the motor 42 via the pole 16 of the main switch 16, 17 with the first pole 12 of the AC voltage source, the second pole connects 19 of the motor switch, which is coupled to the pole 18 of the motor switch for joint operation, the cathode of the diode 22 via the first pole 16 of the main switch 16, 17 with the pole 12 of the AC voltage source.
  • Fig. 4 Another modification of the previously based on Fig. 3 described machine tool 50 is in Fig. 4 represented and designated overall by the numeral 60.
  • the bridge rectifier 62 does not consist of four individual diodes, but is designed as a complete component.
  • the electromagnet 30 is connected between the positive pole 34 and the negative pole 32 of the bridge rectifier 62.
  • the bridge rectifier 62 is connected to an AC input at the output of the second pole 17 of the main switch 16, 17, which is connected to the pole 14 of the mains voltage, while the other AC input of the bridge rectifier 62 via the pole 16 of the main switch 16, 17 and a diode 64 at the other pole 12 of the mains voltage is connected.
  • the motor 42 For switching on and off of the motor 42, which is connected via the speed control 44 via the second pole 17 of the main switch 16, 17 to the pole 14 of the mains voltage, serves a two-pole motor switch 18, 19.
  • the motor 42 is above the first pole 18th of the motor switch connected to the output of the first pole 16 of the main switch 16, 17.
  • the second pole 19 of the motor switch is connected on the input side to the first pole 18 and connected on the output side to the cathode of the diode 64, which is connected to the input side of the bridge rectifier 62.
  • the switching device S which includes the main switch 16, 17 and the motor switch 18, 19, in turn, as previously with reference to Fig. 1 described, three switching states.
  • both the main switch 16, 17 and the motor switch 18, 19 are in the OFF position. If the main switch 16, 17 is turned on while the motor switch 18, 19 is in the OFF position, the bridge rectifier 62 is supplied on the input side with alternating voltage, but only one half cycle of the alternating voltage is used by the upstream diode 64.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 two further circuit variants of the invention are shown schematically, with which the current can be reduced by the electromagnet 30 in the holding state against the current in the working state.
  • a DC voltage source with the poles 72 and 74 is provided for supplying the electromagnet 30.
  • the electromagnet 30 is connected via a series resistor 76 and a On / off switch 16 connected to both poles 72, 74 of the DC voltage source.
  • the electromagnet 30 can only be traversed by a smaller current due to the series resistor 76, the current is increased when the switch 78 is closed, so as to achieve an increased holding force of the electromagnet 30 in the working state.
  • FIG Fig. 6 A modification of the circuit 10 is shown in FIG Fig. 6 represented and designated by the numeral 80 in total.
  • the electromagnet 30, which now consists of two individual magnets 82, 84 connected in parallel, is in turn connected between the negative pole 32 and the positive pole 34 of a bridge rectifier 20, whose input side is connected to the first pole 12 of an alternating voltage source via a single pole on / off switch 16 with its other input is directly connected to the second pole 14 of the AC voltage source.
  • While 82 of the individual magnets 82, 84 is connected directly between the negative pole 32 and the positive pole 34 of the bridge rectifier 20, the second single magnet 84 is connected via a single-pole on / off switch 86 between the positive pole 34 and the negative pole 32 of the bridge rectifier 20.
  • resistor 76 and switch 78 could be in Fig. 5 be replaced by an electronic switch.

Claims (6)

  1. Machine-outil avec un électro-aimant (30) pour la fixation sur une pièce ferromagnétique, avec un dispositif de commutation (S) comportant au moins deux états de commutation, un état de travail où l'électro-aimant (30) et un dispositif d'entraînement (42) de la machine-outil (40, 50, 60) sont activés, et un état de maintien où l'électro-aimant (30) est activé, mais pas le dispositif d'entraînement (42), et avec des moyens (18, 19, 64, 76, 78, 86) par lesquels le courant de l'électro-aimant (30) en état de maintien est réduit par rapport au courant de l'électro-aimant (30) en état de travail,
    caractérisée en ce que l'électro-aimant (30) est alimenté en état de maintien par une source de tension alternative (12, 14) via un redresseur à une alternance (24, 26), et en ce que l'électro-aimant (30) est alimenté via un redresseur à deux alternances (22, 24, 26, 28) en état de travail.
  2. Machine-outil selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le redresseur est réalisé comme redresseur en pont (20), en ce que l'électro-aimant (30) est connecté entre le pôle positif (34) et le pôle négatif (32) du redresseur en pont (20), et en ce qu'un commutateur (18, 19) est prévu sur une branche du redresseur en pont (20) pour la commutation entre position de travail et position de maintien.
  3. Machine-outil selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le redresseur est réalisé comme redresseur en pont (62) en amont duquel une diode (64) est montée côté entrée, et en ce qu'un commutateur (19) est prévu pour le court-circuitage de la diode (64) en état de travail.
  4. Machine-outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'électro-aimant (30) se compose d'une pluralité (n) d'aimants individuels (82, 84), et en ce qu'en état de maintien la tension est appliquée sur seulement une partie (m) des aimants individuels (82, 84), inférieure à la pluralité (n) des aimants individuels (82, 84) sur lesquels la tension est appliquée en état de travail.
  5. Machine-outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la tension est en état de maintien appliquée sur l'électro-aimant (30) via une résistance série (76).
  6. Machine-outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un élément de commande électrique ou électronique (78) est prévu, au moyen duquel l'électro-aimant (30) est commandé en état de maintien avec une puissance moindre qu'en état de travail.
EP20000121732 1999-11-23 2000-10-05 Machine-outil avec électro-aimant pour la fixation à une pièce ferromagnétique Expired - Lifetime EP1103350B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19956155 1999-11-23
DE1999156155 DE19956155B4 (de) 1999-11-23 1999-11-23 Werkzeugmaschine mit einem Elektromagneten zur Befestigung an einem ferromagnetischen Werkstück

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1103350A2 EP1103350A2 (fr) 2001-05-30
EP1103350A3 EP1103350A3 (fr) 2001-12-19
EP1103350B1 true EP1103350B1 (fr) 2009-01-28

Family

ID=7929930

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20000121732 Expired - Lifetime EP1103350B1 (fr) 1999-11-23 2000-10-05 Machine-outil avec électro-aimant pour la fixation à une pièce ferromagnétique

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EP (1) EP1103350B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19956155B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008035308A1 (de) 2008-07-23 2010-01-28 C. & E. Fein Gmbh Bohrmaschine, insbesondere Kernlochbohrmaschine, sowie Verfahren zum Steuern einer solchen
DE102009022333A1 (de) 2009-05-13 2010-11-18 C. & E. Fein Gmbh Magnetbohrständer mit Überwachung der Haltekraft
DE202020101768U1 (de) 2020-04-01 2021-07-05 C. & E. Fein Gmbh Magnetfuß
DE202020104209U1 (de) 2020-07-21 2021-10-22 C. & E. Fein Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2932194A (en) * 1956-10-29 1960-04-12 Buck Mfg Company Magnetically supported portable tools
US3371257A (en) 1964-01-30 1968-02-27 Gen Automation Mfg Inc Motor controls for electro-magnetic base tool
US4278371A (en) * 1980-02-29 1981-07-14 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Safety interlock for electro-magnetic drill stand
JPS57184614A (en) * 1981-04-30 1982-11-13 Hitachi Koki Co Ltd Magnetic drilling machine
US4591301A (en) * 1984-12-12 1986-05-27 Black & Decker Inc. Magnetic base machine tool
DE3620699C2 (de) * 1986-06-20 1995-12-14 Wolfcraft Gmbh Aufspannvorrichtung für eine Handbohrmaschine
US5126643A (en) * 1991-06-24 1992-06-30 Rotabroach Limited Control system for hole cutting machines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19956155B4 (de) 2011-12-01
EP1103350A3 (fr) 2001-12-19
EP1103350A2 (fr) 2001-05-30
DE19956155A1 (de) 2001-05-31
DE50015540D1 (de) 2009-03-19

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