EP1101007B1 - Door hinge with integrated door brake - Google Patents
Door hinge with integrated door brake Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1101007B1 EP1101007B1 EP99963144A EP99963144A EP1101007B1 EP 1101007 B1 EP1101007 B1 EP 1101007B1 EP 99963144 A EP99963144 A EP 99963144A EP 99963144 A EP99963144 A EP 99963144A EP 1101007 B1 EP1101007 B1 EP 1101007B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hinge
- door
- wing
- screw bolt
- thread
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001125879 Gobio Species 0.000 claims 10
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000418 atomic force spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
- E05D11/08—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts
- E05D11/087—Friction devices between relatively-movable hinge parts with substantially axial friction, e.g. friction disks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
- E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
- E05D5/10—Pins, sockets or sleeves; Removable pins
- E05D5/12—Securing pins in sockets, movably or not
- E05D5/121—Screw-threaded pins
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/531—Doors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a door hinge according to the Preamble of claim 1.
- door hinges are known, the hinge pin of which one Hinge eyes penetrating two hinge wings of a door hinge smooth cylindrical part of the shaft and then one Has threaded section.
- the smooth-faced cylindrical shaft part of the mutually pivotable Storage of the two hinge wings and the threaded section of the Hinge pin either for screwing on a securing part, which to prevent the hinge from falling apart, or to Screwing on a decorative element that visually complements the hinge.
- the threaded portion of the serves no known hinge Hinge pin other than the hinge function.
- DE-A-196 25 556 describes a motor vehicle door hinge with an integrated one Door brake with the hinge pin in a first half of the hinge is secured against rotation and passes through a second hinge half, wherein in a first area of the hinge pin projecting radially thereon Wedge surfaces are arranged with correspondingly shaped wedge surfaces the hinge eye bore receiving the hinge pin of the second Hinge half define a wedge surface pair that the braking forces and Braking torques depending on the respective opening angle of the Apply the motor vehicle door. In a second area of the hinge pin this is provided with toothing circumferentially. In the corresponding Sections of the second half of the hinge are also toothings provided that does not engage with the teeth of the hinge pin stand, but limit brake discs inside and outside.
- FR-A-1 340 951 describes one structurally combined with a door hinge Door brake or one structurally combined with a door hinge Door lock, which as a hinge pin one in the hinge eyes of two Hinge wing engaging part with a central axial and conical Has recess, which has a cylindrical outer circumference. In the recess engages a correspondingly conical brake and Locking part, which one against the other hinge wing supported bolt can be brought into a preloaded position such that an increased tightening of the bolt to a increased braking or locking force.
- Door brakes designed in this way door locks can basically be integrated in a door hinge, but require a plurality of some with considerable precision components to be manufactured, resulting in a considerable manufacturing and Assembly effort results.
- a disadvantage of these known designs of door brakes and door locks the need to them regarding the brake or holding force to be applied individually, whereby a specifically optimal effect can be achieved, but for a more modern one Series production is unsuitable.
- a door hinge according to the preamble of claim 1 to create a with an integrable door brake requires little material and assembly.
- the door hinge according to the invention enables even when high Braking and holding forces largely wear and noise-free Work.
- the integration of the door brake, which also functions as a Door lock can meet, does not require any constructional enlargement two hinge wings and / or the hinge eyes, so that the Door hinge can be accommodated in the usual design and also the held loads, in particular by the weight load of a Motor vehicle door, worn in the same dimensions of the door hinge can be.
- the door hinge according to the invention takes advantage of the fact that from a moving in the area of its elastic deformation axial expansion of the hinge pin as a braking or locking force usable axial pressure between the opposing Commercial areas of the hinge eyes of the two hinge wings can be derived and can therefore also with relatively high braking forces, at least in principle, on the use of special braking agents, such as Brake discs or the like, waive.
- the use according to the invention of a when opening the door Forced thread to force an axial Elongation of the hinge pin has the additional advantage that some of the pivoting movement of the door counteracting force from the increased with increased surface pressure Friction between the thread flanks to be moved against each other results in a damping of the braking force curve, especially when Closing the door entails closing the door as well damped and thus runs in a controlled manner.
- the nut thread is in the hinge eye of the other Hinge formed so that a threaded Turn the screw bolt with its thread against the nut thread can.
- an abutment part is alternatively or cumulatively possible to provide, in which the mother winch is formed, which with the thread of the bolt engages, the abutment part in turn non-rotatable or non-rotatable with the other hinge wing is connectable.
- a door hinge with a door brake as detachable door hinge can be provided that the the Nut thread in the hinge pin forming screw bolts one in the axial extension of the hinge eye of the other Hinge wing connected to this and non-rotatable with it connected abutment part is arranged
- the screw bolt is expediently provided with one Equipped head and the non-rotatable Connection of one hinge wing to the screw bolt Head is arranged adjacent, which then expediently the the hinge pin via a smooth, cylindrical shaft section forming bolt to force axial elongation in its elastic deformation range as a function of the nut movement associated with the opening movement of the door in an axial Extension of the hinge eye on the hinge pin other hinge wing is arranged.
- a further measure deemed appropriate cannot be taken for one intended separable hinge training consist in that the hinge pin via a smooth, cylindrical shaft section forming bolts in its threaded one Area towards its shaft section reduced Has diameter and that the extension of Hinge eye bore of the other hinge wing Nut thread of the hinge eye bore also opposite one has a smaller clear diameter.
- Thread section of the bolt forming the hinge pin is equipped with a saw thread.
- the mutual support of the mutually facing commercial areas of the Hinge eyes of both hinge wings can also be provided that the between the two facing commercial areas of the Hinge eyes of both hinge wings activated friction reducing Pressure distribution element either in a somewhat more complex manner than Thrust bearing or in a simpler design than normal Thrust washer is formed.
- the mutual support of the mutually facing commercial areas of the Hinge eyes of both hinge wings are also provided according to the invention be at least one of the two facing each other Commercial areas of the hinge eyes of both hinge wings with one Lubricant coating is equipped, or that at least one of the two mutually facing commercial areas of the hinge eyes of both Hinge wing is surface-treated, in particular surface hardened.
- the commercial area of one to the commercial area of the other Hinge eye changing application of the above measures are also falls into the application according to the invention.
- one with an integrated door brake equipped door hinge for motor vehicle doors can also be provided that the over a smooth cylindrical Shaft section of the bolts forming the hinge pin made of the same material with the one hinge wing and the Threaded portion of the bolt assigned to the nut thread containing abutment part in a predeterminable screw-in position of the Thread section of the bolt corresponding position on the other Hinge wing can be fixed.
- the wing hinge 0 shown schematically in Fig. 1 comprises a first Hinge wing 1 and a second hinge wing 2.
- the first Hinge wing 1 comprises a hinge eye 3 and a hinge leaf 5.
- Der second hinge wing 2 also includes a hinge eye 6 and one Hinge leaf 8.
- openings 4 or 7 in the form of bores or continuous recesses provided to connect the hinge wing 1 or 2 by means of (not serve) fastening screws with a door arrangement part, the door or the door pillar in the same way as the door arrangement part Come into consideration.
- the openings are in the corners of the Hinge leaves 5 and 8 arranged so that they are at different heights are laterally offset from each other. It is also particularly in Fig. 2 to recognize that the first hinge wing 1 arranged at the top Area of its hinge eye 3 only about half as high as the second, hinge wings 2 arranged below in the area of its hinge eye 6 fails.
- One the two hinge wings 1 and 2 pivotally to each other connecting hinge pin is designed as a bolt 10, the a cylindrical shaft section 9 and a polygonal, serving as a tool attachment head 11, the shaft portion 9 in the hinge eye 3 of the first hinge wing 1 in a known manner is secured against rotation.
- a hinge eye bore 12 of the The hinge eye 6 of the second hinge wing 2 is the shaft section 9 the bolt 10 by means of a bearing bush 13 from a maintenance-free storage material freely rotatable.
- the shaft section 9 passes through the hinge eye 6 about half.
- the screw bolt 10 has a beyond the shaft section 9 Length range 14 in which the bolt 10 in its Reduced diameter and with a sawtooth thread Thread 15 is provided.
- the length region 14 is an extension reduced diameter of the eye bore 12 of the hinge eye 6 assigned, wherein the extension is formed with a nut thread 16. It can be seen in particular in FIG. 2 that the length range 14 the The process is not completely penetrated, but rather a free space beyond the length range 14 of the bolt 10 remains.
- the wing hinge 0 creates with its inventive design an inexpensive and structurally simple integrated door brake in that one directed around the hinge axis designated 20 Pivotal movement of the first hinge wing 1 is forced to one increased screwing in of the thread section Length range 14 of the bolt 10 in the nut thread 16 in the other hinge wing 2 and thus necessarily to one axial expansion of the bolt 10 leads, whereby a increasing opening angle of the door (corresponding to the opening angle of the two hinge leaves 5 and 8) increasing braking or holding force results for the door.
- the stretch is due the unscrewing of the threaded section 14 is canceled again, so that the braking characteristics of those created by this measure Door brake is reproducible.
- the expansion of the bolt mainly in the area of elastic Shape change occurs due to tensile stress, and that as a result reproducibility on the one hand, but also on the other linear characteristic between force and elongation is a constant or linear Increase in braking force or locking force when opening the Door (or acceptance when the door closes) via the Turn angle guaranteed.
- the head 11 of the bolt 10 is expediently at the same time the stop, which prevents that by the Screwing into the thread of the bolt 10 moves downwards.
- This Function can also be done by the non-rotatable arrangement of the Shaft section 9 in the hinge eye 3 of the first hinge wing 1, e.g. can be achieved by a press fit.
- the bearing bush 13 is a collar bush formed, with a collar 17 of the bearing bush 13 between the mutually facing commercial areas 18 and 19 of the two Hinge eyes 3 and 6 engage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hinges (AREA)
- Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Türscharnier nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a door hinge according to the Preamble of claim 1.
Aus der Praxis sind Türscharniere bekannt, deren Scharnierstift einen die Scharnieraugen zweier Scharnierflügel eines Türscharniers durchsetzenden glattflächig zylindrischen Schaftteil und an diesen anschließend einen Gewindeabschnitt aufweist. Bei diesen Türscharnieren dient der glattflächige zylindrische Schaftteil der gegenseitigen schwenkbaren Lagerung der beiden Scharnierflügel und der Gewindeabschnitt des Scharnierstifts entweder zum Aufschrauben eines Sicherungsteiles, welches das Auseinanderfallen des Scharniers verhindern soll, oder zum Aufschrauben eines das Scharnier optisch ergänzenden Zierelements.In practice, door hinges are known, the hinge pin of which one Hinge eyes penetrating two hinge wings of a door hinge smooth cylindrical part of the shaft and then one Has threaded section. With these door hinges the smooth-faced cylindrical shaft part of the mutually pivotable Storage of the two hinge wings and the threaded section of the Hinge pin either for screwing on a securing part, which to prevent the hinge from falling apart, or to Screwing on a decorative element that visually complements the hinge.
Aus der Praxis ist ferner bekannt, auf eines der beiden Enden eines Scharnierstifts aufschraubbare Kappen oder dgl. zur Abdichtung eines innerhalb des Scharnierstifts untergebrachten Schmiermitteldepots vorzusehen.From practice it is also known to have one of the two ends Hinge pin screw-on caps or the like. To seal a lubricant depot housed within the hinge pin provided.
Jedenfalls dient bei keinem bekannten Scharnier der Gewindeabschnitt des Scharnierstifts einer anderen als der Scharnierfunktion. In any case, the threaded portion of the serves no known hinge Hinge pin other than the hinge function.
DE-A-196 25 556 beschreibt ein Kraftwagentürscharnier mit integrierter Türbremse, bei dem der Schamierstift in einer ersten Scharnierhälfte drehsicher festgelegt ist und eine zweiten Scharnierhälfte durchsetzt, wobei in einem ersten Bereich des Scharnierstifts an diesem radial vorstehende Keilflächen angeordnet sind, die mit entsprechend ausgeformten Keilflächen der den Scharnierstift aufnehmenden Scharnieraugenbohrung der zweiten Scharnierhälfte eine Keilflächenpaarung definieren, die die Bremskräfte und Bremsmomente in Abhängigkeit von dem jeweiligen Öffnungswinkel der Kraftwagentür aufbringen. In einem zweiten Bereich des Scharnierstifts ist dieser umfangsmäßig mit Verzahnungen versehen. In dem entsprechenden Abschnitt der zweiten Scharnierhälfte sind ebenfalls Verzahnungen vorgesehen, die mit den Verzahnungen des Scharnierstifts nicht in Eingriff stehen, sondern innen und außen Bremslamellen begrenzen. DE-A-196 25 556 describes a motor vehicle door hinge with an integrated one Door brake with the hinge pin in a first half of the hinge is secured against rotation and passes through a second hinge half, wherein in a first area of the hinge pin projecting radially thereon Wedge surfaces are arranged with correspondingly shaped wedge surfaces the hinge eye bore receiving the hinge pin of the second Hinge half define a wedge surface pair that the braking forces and Braking torques depending on the respective opening angle of the Apply the motor vehicle door. In a second area of the hinge pin this is provided with toothing circumferentially. In the corresponding Sections of the second half of the hinge are also toothings provided that does not engage with the teeth of the hinge pin stand, but limit brake discs inside and outside.
FR-A-1 340 951 beschreibt eine mit einem Türscharnier baulich vereinigte Türbremse bzw. einen mit einem Türscharnier baulich vereinigten Türfeststeller, der als Scharnierstift ein in die Scharnieraugen zweier Scharnierflügel eingreifendes Teil mit einer zentralen axialen und konischen Ausnehmung aufweist, das einen zylindrischen Außenumfang aufweist. In die Ausnehmung greift ein entsprechend konisch ausgebildetes Brems- und Feststellteil ein, welches über einen gegen den anderen Scharnierflügel abgestützten Schraubenbolzen in eine vorgespannte Stellung verbringbar ist derart, daß ein vermehrtes Anziehen des Schraubenbolzens zu einer erhöhten Brems- oder Feststellkraft führt. Derartig gestaltete Türbremsen und Türfeststeller sind zwar grundsätzlich in ein Türscharnier integrierbar, erfordern aber eine Mehrzahl von zum Teil mit beträchtlicher Präzision herzustellender Bauteile, woraus ein erheblicher Herstellungs- und Montageaufwand resultiert. Nachteilig ist an diesen bekannten Bauarten von Türbremsen und Türfeststellern das Erfordernis, sie bezüglich der aufzubringenden Brems- oder Haltekraft einzeln einzustellen, wodurch zwar eine spezifisch optimale Wirkung erzielbar ist, die aber für eine modernere Serienfertigung ungeeignet ist.FR-A-1 340 951 describes one structurally combined with a door hinge Door brake or one structurally combined with a door hinge Door lock, which as a hinge pin one in the hinge eyes of two Hinge wing engaging part with a central axial and conical Has recess, which has a cylindrical outer circumference. In the recess engages a correspondingly conical brake and Locking part, which one against the other hinge wing supported bolt can be brought into a preloaded position such that an increased tightening of the bolt to a increased braking or locking force. Door brakes designed in this way door locks can basically be integrated in a door hinge, but require a plurality of some with considerable precision components to be manufactured, resulting in a considerable manufacturing and Assembly effort results. A disadvantage of these known designs of door brakes and door locks the need to them regarding the brake or holding force to be applied individually, whereby a specifically optimal effect can be achieved, but for a more modern one Series production is unsuitable.
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Türscharnier nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruch 1 zu schaffen, das mit einer integrierbaren Türbremse einen geringen Material- und Montageaufwand erfordert.It is the object of the invention, a door hinge according to the preamble of claim 1 to create a with an integrable door brake requires little material and assembly.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei dem eingangs genannten Türscharnier erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. This task is performed with the door hinge mentioned at the beginning according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 solved.
Das erfindungsgemäße Türscharnier ermöglicht auch bei Aufbringen hoher Brems- und Haltekräfte weitgehend ein verschleiß- und geräuschfreies Arbeiten. Die Integration der Türbremse, die zugleich die Funktion eines Türfeststellers erfüllen kann, erfordert keine bauliche Vergrößerung der beiden Scharnierflügel und/oder der Scharnieraugen, so daß das Türscharnier in der üblichen Bauform unterbringbar ist und auch die gehaltenen Belastungen, insbesondere durch die Gewichtslast einer Kraftfahrzeugtür, in denselben Dimensionen des Türscharniers getragen werden kann. Es sind keine aufwendigen zusätzlichen Bauteile für das erfindungsgemäße Türscharnier erforderlich, um die Türbremse zu realisieren.The door hinge according to the invention enables even when high Braking and holding forces largely wear and noise-free Work. The integration of the door brake, which also functions as a Door lock can meet, does not require any constructional enlargement two hinge wings and / or the hinge eyes, so that the Door hinge can be accommodated in the usual design and also the held loads, in particular by the weight load of a Motor vehicle door, worn in the same dimensions of the door hinge can be. There are no complex additional components for that Door hinge according to the invention required to apply the door brake realize.
Das erfindungsgemäße Türscharnier macht sich den Umstand zunutze, daß aus einer sich im Bereich dessen elastischer Verformung bewegenden axialen Dehnung des Scharnierstifts eine als Brems- oder Feststellkraft nutzbare axiale Pressung zwischen den einander gegenüberliegenden Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen der beiden Scharnierflügel ableitbar ist und kann daher auch bei verhältnismäßig hohen Bremskräften, jedenfalls vom Prinzip her, auf den Einsatz besonderer Bremsmittel, wie Bremsscheiben oder dgl., verzichten.The door hinge according to the invention takes advantage of the fact that from a moving in the area of its elastic deformation axial expansion of the hinge pin as a braking or locking force usable axial pressure between the opposing Commercial areas of the hinge eyes of the two hinge wings can be derived and can therefore also with relatively high braking forces, at least in principle, on the use of special braking agents, such as Brake discs or the like, waive.
Da übliche Türscharniere, insbesondere solche für Kraftwagentüren, bei einem Betriebsschwenkwinkelbereich von üblicherweise weniger als 90° eingesetzt werden, kann die Erzwingung der axialen Längung des Scharnierstifts in einem Bereich seiner elastischen und damit beliebig wiederholbaren Verformung zwangsweise aus der Öffnungsbewegung einer Fahrzeugtür abgeleitet werden, wozu keine zusätzlichen Bauteile erforderlich sind. Since usual door hinges, especially those for motor vehicle doors, at an operating swivel angle range of typically less than 90 ° can be used, the enforcement of the axial elongation of the Hinge pin in an area of its elastic and therefore arbitrary repeatable deformation forced from the opening movement of a Vehicle door are derived, including no additional components required are.
Der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Einsatz eines beim Öffnen der Tür zwangsweise anzuziehenden Gewindes zur Erzwingung einer axialen Längung des Scharnierstifts bringt den zusätzlichen Vorteil mit sich, daß sich ein gewisser Teil der der Schwenkbewegung der Tür entgegenwirkenden Kraft aus der bei erhöhter Flächenpressung erhöhten Reibung zwischen den gegeneinander zu bewegenden Gewindeflanken ergibt, was eine Dämpfung des Bremskraftverlaufs, insbesondere beim Schließen der Tür mit sich bringt, so daß auch das Schließen der Tür bedämpft und damit kontrolliert abläuft.The use according to the invention of a when opening the door Forced thread to force an axial Elongation of the hinge pin has the additional advantage that some of the pivoting movement of the door counteracting force from the increased with increased surface pressure Friction between the thread flanks to be moved against each other results in a damping of the braking force curve, especially when Closing the door entails closing the door as well damped and thus runs in a controlled manner.
Vorzugsweise ist das Muttergewinde in dem Scharnierauge des anderen Scharniers ausgebildet, so daß ein mit einem Gewinde versehener Schraubenbolzen mit seinem Gewinde gegen das Muttergewinde drehen kann. Es ist aber alternativ oder kumulativ möglich, ein Widerlagerteil vorzusehen, in dem das Mutterwinde ausgebildet ist, das mit dem Gewinde des Schraubenbolzens in Eingriff gelangt, wobei das Widerlagerteil widerum drehfest bzw. undrehbar mit dem anderen Scharnierflügel verbindbar ist. Zur Gestaltung eines Türscharniers mit einer Türbremse als aushängbares Türscharnier kann vorgesehen sein, daß das dem den Scharnierstift bildenden Schraubenbolzen zugeordnete Muttergewinde in einem in axialer Verlängerung des Scharnierauges des anderen Scharnierflügels an diesen angeschlossenen und drehsicher mit diesem verbundenen Widerlagerteil angeordnet istPreferably the nut thread is in the hinge eye of the other Hinge formed so that a threaded Turn the screw bolt with its thread against the nut thread can. However, an abutment part is alternatively or cumulatively possible to provide, in which the mother winch is formed, which with the thread of the bolt engages, the abutment part in turn non-rotatable or non-rotatable with the other hinge wing is connectable. To design a door hinge with a door brake as detachable door hinge can be provided that the the Nut thread in the hinge pin forming screw bolts one in the axial extension of the hinge eye of the other Hinge wing connected to this and non-rotatable with it connected abutment part is arranged
Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Schraubenbolzen mit einem einen Werkzeugansatz aufweisenden Kopf ausgestattet und die drehsichere Verbindung des einen Scharnierflügels mit dem Schraubenbolzen zu dessen Kopf benachbart angeordnet ist, wobei dann zweckmäßigerweise das dem über einen glattflächig zylindrischen Schaftabschnitt den Scharnierstift bildenden Schraubenbolzen zwecks Erzwingung einer axialen Längung in seinem elastischen Verformungsbereich in zwangsweiser Abhängigkeit von der Öffnungsbewegung der Tür zugeordnete Muttergewinde in einer axialen Verlängerung des diese am Scharnierstift lagernden Scharnierauges des anderen Scharnierflügels angeordnet ist.The screw bolt is expediently provided with one Equipped head and the non-rotatable Connection of one hinge wing to the screw bolt Head is arranged adjacent, which then expediently the the hinge pin via a smooth, cylindrical shaft section forming bolt to force axial elongation in its elastic deformation range as a function of the nut movement associated with the opening movement of the door in an axial Extension of the hinge eye on the hinge pin other hinge wing is arranged.
Um möglichen Geräuschentwicklungen oder sonstigen nachteiligen, aus einer Flächenreibung resultierenden Erscheinungen vorzubeugen, ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß zwischen die beiden einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen beider Scharnierflügel ein reibungsvermindernd gestaltetes Druckverteilungselement eingeschaltet ist. Überdies kann zur Verbesserung der Laufeigenschaften des Scharniers hier vorgesehen sein, daß der über einen glattflächig zylindrischen Schaftabschnitt den Scharnierstift bildende Schraubenbolzen in dem der Scharnierlagerung zugeordneten Längenabschnitt des Scharnierauges des anderen Scharnierflügels vermittels einer Lagerbuchse aus wartungsfreiem Lagermaterial gelagert ist, wobei die Lagerbuchse vorzugsweise als Kragenbuchse ausgebildet ist und der Kragen der Lagerbuchse zwischen die beiden einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen beider Scharnierflügel eingreifend angeordnet ist.To avoid possible noise or other adverse effects to prevent appearances resulting from surface friction preferably provided that between the two facing each other Commercial areas of the hinge eyes of both hinge wings friction-reducing designed pressure distribution element is switched on. Furthermore, it can improve the running properties of the hinge here be provided that the over a smooth cylindrical Shank section forming the hinge pin bolts in the Hinge bearing assigned length section of the hinge eye of the other hinge wing by means of a bearing bush made of maintenance-free Storage material is stored, the bearing bush preferably as Collar bushing is formed and the collar of the bearing bush between the two mutually facing commercial areas of the hinge eyes of both Hinge wing is arranged engaging.
Eine weitere zweckmäßig erachtete Maßnahme kann für eine nicht bestimmungsgemäß trennbare Scharnierausbildung darin bestehen, daß der über einen glattflächig zylindrischen Schaftabschnitt den Scharnierstift bildende Schraubenbolzen in seinem mit einem Gewinde ausgestatteten Bereich hin einen seinem Schaftabschnitt gegenüber verringerten Durchmesser aufweist und daß das in Verlängerung der Scharnieraugenbohrung des anderen Scharnierflügels ausgebildete Muttergewinde der Scharnieraugenbohrung gegenüber gleichfalls einen geringeren lichten Durchmesser aufweist. A further measure deemed appropriate cannot be taken for one intended separable hinge training consist in that the the hinge pin via a smooth, cylindrical shaft section forming bolts in its threaded one Area towards its shaft section reduced Has diameter and that the extension of Hinge eye bore of the other hinge wing Nut thread of the hinge eye bore also opposite one has a smaller clear diameter.
Im Interesse der Ableitung einer möglichst großen, eine hinreichende Kraft erzeugenden axialen Zug- oder Längungsbewegung des Schraubenbolzens aus einer Schwenkbewegung in der Größenordnung von lediglich einer Viertelumdrehung des Muttergewindes wird weiter vorgeschlagen, daß der Gewindeabschnitt des den Scharnierstift bildenden Schraubenbolzens mit einem Sägegewinde ausgestattet ist.In the interest of deriving the largest possible, a sufficient force generating axial pulling or elongating movement of the screw bolt from a swiveling movement of the order of magnitude of only one Quarter turn of the nut thread is further proposed that the Thread section of the bolt forming the hinge pin is equipped with a saw thread.
In einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform kann hinsichtlich der gegenseitigen Abstützung der einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen beider Scharnierflügel auch vorgesehen sein, daß das zwischen die beiden einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen beider Scharnierflügel eingeschaltete reibungsvermindernde Druckverteilungselement entweder in einer etwas aufwendigeren Weise als Axiallager oder aber in einer einfacheren Gestaltung als normale Anlaufscheibe ausgebildet ist.In a modified embodiment, the mutual support of the mutually facing commercial areas of the Hinge eyes of both hinge wings can also be provided that the between the two facing commercial areas of the Hinge eyes of both hinge wings activated friction reducing Pressure distribution element either in a somewhat more complex manner than Thrust bearing or in a simpler design than normal Thrust washer is formed.
In einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform kann hinsichtlich der gegenseitigen Abstützung der einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen beider Scharnierflügel erfindungsgemäß ferner vorgesehen sein, daß wenigstens eine der beiden einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen beider Scharnierflügel mit einer Gleitmittelbeschichtung ausgestattet ist, oder daß wenigstens eine der beiden einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen der Scharnieraugen beider Scharnierflügel oberflächenbehandelt, insbesondere randschichtgehärtet ist. In die erfindungsgemäße Anwendung fällt selbstverständlich auch eine von der Gewerbefläche des einen zur Gewerbefläche des anderen Scharnierauges wechselnde Anwendung der vorgenannten Maßnahmen.In a modified embodiment, the mutual support of the mutually facing commercial areas of the Hinge eyes of both hinge wings are also provided according to the invention be at least one of the two facing each other Commercial areas of the hinge eyes of both hinge wings with one Lubricant coating is equipped, or that at least one of the two mutually facing commercial areas of the hinge eyes of both Hinge wing is surface-treated, in particular surface hardened. Of course, one of also falls into the application according to the invention the commercial area of one to the commercial area of the other Hinge eye changing application of the above measures.
In einer anderen Ausführungsform eines mit einer integrierten Türbremse ausgestatteten Türscharniers für Kraftwagentüren kann aber auch vorgesehen sein, daß der über einen glattflächig zylindrischen Schaftabschnitt den Scharnierstift bildende Schraubenbolzen bau- und materialeinheitlich mit dem einen Scharnierflügel ausgebildet und das dem Gewindeabschnitt des Schraubenbolzens zugeordnete, das Muttergewinde enthaltende Widerlagerteil in einer einer vorgebbaren Einschraubstellung des Gewindeabschnitts des Schraubenbolzens entsprechenden Lage am anderen Scharnierflügel festlegbar ist.In another embodiment, one with an integrated door brake equipped door hinge for motor vehicle doors can also be provided that the over a smooth cylindrical Shaft section of the bolts forming the hinge pin made of the same material with the one hinge wing and the Threaded portion of the bolt assigned to the nut thread containing abutment part in a predeterminable screw-in position of the Thread section of the bolt corresponding position on the other Hinge wing can be fixed.
Schließlich kann eine weiter abgewandelte Ausführungsform eines mit einer integrierten Türbrernse ausgestatteten Türscharniers für Kraftwagentüren dadurch gekennzeichnet sein, daß der über einen glattflächig zylindrischen Schaftabschnitt den Scharnierstift bildende Schraubenbolzen vermittels eines zu dem Sägegewinde seines mit dem Muttergewinde in dem anderen Scharnierflügel zusammenwirkenden Gewindeabschnitts gegenläufiges Gewinde, insbesondere Feingewinde, in dem einen Scharnierflügel festgelegt ist.Finally, a further modified embodiment of one with a Integrated door hinge equipped door hinge for motor vehicle doors characterized in that the over a smooth cylindrical Shaft section by means of bolts which form the hinge pin one to the saw thread of his with the nut thread in the other Hinge wing interacting thread section in opposite directions Threads, especially fine threads, in one hinge wing is set.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie aus den Unteransprüchen.Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description and from the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf die anliegenden
Zeichnungen anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.
Das in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte Flügelscharnier 0 umfaßt einen ersten
Scharnierflügel 1 und einen zweiten Scharnierflügel 2. Der erste
Scharnierflügel 1 umfaßt ein Scharnierauge 3 und ein Scharnierblatt 5. Der
zweite Scharnierflügel 2 umfaßt ebenfalls ein Scharnierauge 6 und ein
Scharnierblatt 8. In den Scharnierblättern 5 bzw. 8 sind Durchbrechungen 4
bzw. 7 in Gestalt von Bohrungen bzw. durchgehenden Ausnehmungen
vorgesehen, die zur Verbindung des Scharnierflügels 1 bzw. 2 mittels (nicht
dargestellter) Befestigungsschrauben mit einem Türanordnungsteil dienen,
wobei als Türanordnungsteil gleichermaßen die Tür oder die Türsäule in
Betracht kommen. Die Durchbrechungen sind in den Ecken der
Scharnierblätter 5 bzw. 8 angeordnet, so daß sie in unterschiedlicher Höhe
seitlich versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind. Es ist ferner insbesondere in
Fig. 2 zu erkennen, daß der erste, oben angeordnete Scharnierflügel 1 im
Bereich seines Scharnierauges 3 nur etwa halb so hoch wie der zweite,
unten angeordnete Scharnierflügel 2 im Bereich seines Scharnierauges 6
ausfällt.The wing hinge 0 shown schematically in Fig. 1 comprises a first
Hinge wing 1 and a
Ein die beiden Scharnierflügel 1 und 2 schwenkgelenkig miteinander
verbindender Scharnierstift ist als Schraubenbolzen 10 ausgebildet, der
einen zylindrischen Schaftabschnitt 9 und einen als Vielkant ausgebildeten,
als Werkzeugansatz dienenden Kopf 11 aufweist, wobei der Schaftabschnitt
9 im Scharnierauge 3 des ersten Scharnierflügels 1 in bekannter Weise
drehsicher festgelegt ist. In einer Scharnieraugenbohrung 12 des
Scharnierauges 6 des zweiten Scharnierflügels 2 ist der Schaftabschnitt 9
des Schraubenbolzens 10 mittels einer Lagerbuchse 13 aus einem
wartungsfreien Lagermaterial frei drehbar gelagert. Der Schaftabschnitt 9
durchsetzt das Scharnierauge 6 etwa zur Hälfte. One the two
Der Schraubenbolzen 10 weist jenseits des Schaftabschnitts 9 einen
Längenbereich 14 auf, in dem der Schraubenbolzen 10 in seinem
Durchmesser verringert und mit einem als Sägezahngewinde ausgebildeten
Gewinde 15 versehen ist. Dem Längenbereich 14 ist ein Fortsatz
verringerten Durchmessers der Augenbohrung 12 des Scharnierauges 6
zugeordnet, wobei der Fortsatz mit einem Muttergewinde 16 ausgebildet ist.
Es ist insbesondere in Fig. 2 zu erkennen, daß der Längenbereich 14 den
Fortsatz nicht vollständig durchsetzt, sondern vielmehr ein freier Raum
jenseits des Längenbereichs 14 des Bolzens 10 verbleibt.The
Das Flügelscharnier 0 schafft mit seiner erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung
eine preiswerte und baulich einfache integrierte Türbremse dadurch, daß
eine um die mit 20 bezeichnete Scharnierachse gerichtete
Schwenkbewegung des ersten Scharnierflügels 1 zwangsweise zu einem
vermehrten Eindrehen des als Gewindeabschnitt ausgebildeten
Längenbereichs 14 des Schraubenbolzens 10 in das Muttergewinde 16 im
dem anderen Scharnierflügel 2 und damit notwendigerweise zu einer
axialen Dehnung des Schraubenbolzens 10 führt, wodurch eine mit
zunehmenden Öffnungswinkel der Tür (entsprechend dem Öffnungswinkel
der beiden Scharnierblätter 5 und 8) zunehmende Brems- bzw. Haltekraft
für die Tür resultiert. Beim Schließen der Tür wird die Dehnung aufgrund
des wieder Herausdrehens des Gewindeabschnitts 14 wieder aufgehoben, so
daß die Bremscharakteristik der durch diese Maßnahme geschaffenen
Türbremse sich in reproduzierbarer Weise einstellt. Es ist zu beachten, daß
die Dehnung des Schraubenbolzens überwiegend im Bereich der elastischen
Formänderung durch Zugbeanspruchung erfolgt, und daß hierdurch
einerseits die Reproduzierbarkeit gegeben ist, andererseits aber auch eine
lineare Kennlinie zwischen Kraft und Dehnung eine konstante oder lineare
Zunahme der Bremskraft bzw. der Feststellkraft bei Öffnungsbewegung der
Tür (bzw. Abnahme bei Schließbewegung der Tür) über den
Einschlagwinkel gewährleistet. Der Kopf 11 des Schraubenbolzens 10 ist
zweckmäßigerweise zugleich der Anschlag, der verhindert, daß durch das
Eindrehen in das Gewinde der Bolzen 10 nach unten wandert. Diese
Funktion kann aber auch alleine durch die drehsichere Anordnung des
Schaftabschnitts 9 in dem Scharnierauge 3 des ersten Scharnierflügels 1,
z.B. durch eine Preßpassung, erreicht werden.The wing hinge 0 creates with its inventive design
an inexpensive and structurally simple integrated door brake in that
one directed around the hinge axis designated 20
Pivotal movement of the first hinge wing 1 is forced to one
increased screwing in of the thread section
Length range 14 of the
Um Geräuschentwicklungen oder andere unerwünschte Erscheinungen
möglichst auszuschließen, ist die Lagerbuchse 13 als Kragenbuchse
ausgebildet, wobei ein Kragen 17 der Lagerbuchse 13 zwischen die
einander zugewandten Gewerbeflächen 18 und 19 der beiden
Scharnieraugen 3 und 6 eingreift.About noise or other undesirable phenomena
To rule out as much as possible, the
Die Erfindung ist vorstehend anhand eines Flügelscharniers beschrieben worden. Es versteht sich, daß auch andere Ausgestaltungen von Scharnieren für Fahrzeugtüren erfindungsgemäß ausgebildet werden können.The invention has been described above with the aid of a wing hinge Service. It is understood that other designs of hinges can be designed according to the invention for vehicle doors.
Claims (15)
- Door hinge with an integrated door brake for motor-vehicle doors whose one hinge wing (1) can be fitted to a first door assembly part, and whose second hinge wing (2) can be fitted to another door assembly part, and whose two hinge wings (1, 2) are connected pivotably to each other via a hinge pin designed as a screw bolt (10), the hinge wing (2) which can be pivoted with respect to the screw bolt (10) being mounted on a smooth-faced shank part (9) of the screw bolt (10), wherein the screw bolt (10) is connected nonrotatably to the one hinge wing (1),
characterized in that an internal screw thread (16), which is connected nonrotatably to the other hinge wing (2), is assigned to the screw bolt (10). - Door hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw bolt (10) has a head (11) which is designed as a tool attachment and is arranged adjacent to the rotationally secure connection of the one hinge wing (1) to the screw bolt (2).
- Door hinge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the internal screw thread (16) assigned to the screw bolt (10) forming the hinge pin by way of a cylindrical shank section (9) with a smooth face is arranged as an axial extension of a gudgeon (6) of the other hinge wing (2), the gudgeon supporting the said thread against the hinge pin.
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a pressure-distributing element of friction-reducing design is inserted between the two mutually facing end surfaces (18, 19) of the gudgeons (3, 6) of the two hinge wings (1, 2).
- Door hinge according to claim 4, characterized in that the screw bolt (10) forming the hinge pin by way of a cylindrical shank section (9) with a smooth face is mounted in that sectional length of the gudgeon (6) of the other hinge wing (2) which is assigned to the hinge mounting using a bearing bushing (13) made of maintenance-free bearing material, the bearing bushing being designed as a collar-type bushing (13) and the collar (17) of the bearing bushing (13) being arranged such that it engages between the two mutually facing end surfaces (18, 19) of the gudgeons (3, 6) of the two hinge wings (1, 2).
- Door hinge according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the friction-reducing pressure-distributing element inserted between the two mutually facing end surfaces (18, 19) of the gudgeons (3, 6) of the two hinge wings (1, 2) is designed as an axial bearing (13).
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the screw bolt (10) has a length region (14) which is provided with a thread (15) and interacts with the internal screw thread (16).
- Door hinge according to claim 7, characterized in that the screw bolt (10) forming the hinge pin by way of a cylindrical shank section (9) with a smooth face has, in its length region (14) provided with a thread, a diameter which is reduced compared to its shank section (9).
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the internal screw thread (16) assigned to the screw bolt (10) is arranged in an abutment part which, as an axial extension of the gudgeon (6) of the other hinge wing (2), is joined to the latter (2) and is connected in a rotationally secure manner thereto (2).
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the screw bolt (10) forming the hinge pin by way of a cylindrical shank section (9) with a smooth face has the same structure and material as the one hinge wing (1), and the abutment part which is assigned to the threaded section (15) of the screw bolt (10) and contains the internal screw thread (16) can be fixed to the other hinge wing (2) in a position corresponding to a predeterminable screw-in position of the threaded section (15) of the screw bolt (10).
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a run-on disc is inserted between the two mutually facing end surfaces (18, 19) of the gudgeons (3, 6) of the two hinge wings (1, 2).
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that at least one of the two mutually facing end surfaces (18, 19) of the gudgeons (3, 6) of the two hinge wings (1, 2) is provided with a coating of lubricant.
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one of the two mutually facing end surfaces (18, 19) of the gudgeons (3, 6) of the two hinge wings (1, 2) is surface-treated, in particular has a hardened outer layer.
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the screw bolt (10) forming the hinge pin by way of a cylindrical shank section (9) with a smooth face is fixed in the one hinge wing (1) by means of a thread, in particular a fine-pitch thread, running in the opposite direction to the sawtooth thread of its threaded section (15) which interacts with the internal screw thread (16) in the other hinge wing (2).
- Door hinge according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a door assembly part is a door pillar or a door, and in that the other door assembly part is the corresponding other part.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19833924 | 1998-07-28 | ||
| DE19833924A DE19833924A1 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 1998-07-28 | Door hinge equipped with an integrated door brake |
| PCT/DE1999/002152 WO2000006860A1 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 1999-07-09 | Door hinge with integrated door brake |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1101007A1 EP1101007A1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
| EP1101007B1 true EP1101007B1 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
Family
ID=7875566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99963144A Expired - Lifetime EP1101007B1 (en) | 1998-07-28 | 1999-07-09 | Door hinge with integrated door brake |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1101007B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2002521599A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1311841A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE216459T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU5967099A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9912433A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19833924A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MXPA01000951A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000006860A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10308136B4 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2008-09-04 | Audi Ag | Door hinge with integrated door lock for motor vehicle doors |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004012006B3 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2005-06-30 | Ise Innomotive Systems Europe Gmbh | Automobile door hinge has hinge pin between column console and door console of hinge fitting into locating opening provided by stamping sheet metal component |
| JP2006160309A (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-22 | Hioki Ee Corp | Pivot structure for lid |
| DE102006008525A1 (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | Hans-Peter Goller | Vehicle door fixing device for motor vehicle, has anchor and rotor guided on top of each other in direction of door opening movement so that pressure between brake surface and brake anti surface is increased with increasing opening angle |
| WO2007095896A1 (en) | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-30 | Hans-Peter Goller | Pivot device |
| JP4192188B2 (en) | 2006-06-14 | 2008-12-03 | 杉田エース株式会社 | hinge |
| DE102008035011A1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2010-01-28 | Automobilscharniere Hasten Gmbh + Co. Kg | Hinge device comprises one or more hinge pieces, and blocking device, which protects one or multiple another hinge pieces against front and return oscillations, and rotates around common axis |
| ES1069294Y (en) * | 2008-12-01 | 2009-06-05 | Seat Sa | HINGE FOR VEHICLE DOORS |
| DE102010011628B4 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2017-05-24 | Daimler Ag | Hinge for a door of a motor vehicle |
| KR101123852B1 (en) | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-22 | (주)부영금속공업 | Hinge for opening and shutting door |
| DE202016106763U1 (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2016-12-20 | Isaria Corporate Design Ag | Opening limiting hinge device |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3111704A (en) * | 1961-09-22 | 1963-11-26 | Atwood Vacuum Machine Co | Door hinge with friction type hold-open means |
| FR1340951A (en) | 1962-09-13 | 1963-10-25 | Inst Mecanisme | Hinge device for window or overhead door |
| GB2166796B (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1987-09-09 | Southco | Adjustable friction hinge |
| DE19625556A1 (en) * | 1996-06-26 | 1998-01-02 | Hans Dipl Ing Kuehl | Hinge with swivel brake |
-
1998
- 1998-07-28 DE DE19833924A patent/DE19833924A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-07-09 AU AU59670/99A patent/AU5967099A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-07-09 MX MXPA01000951A patent/MXPA01000951A/en unknown
- 1999-07-09 CN CN99809209A patent/CN1311841A/en active Pending
- 1999-07-09 WO PCT/DE1999/002152 patent/WO2000006860A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-09 DE DE59901271T patent/DE59901271D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-09 BR BR9912433-5A patent/BR9912433A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-07-09 JP JP2000562626A patent/JP2002521599A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-07-09 EP EP99963144A patent/EP1101007B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-09 AT AT99963144T patent/ATE216459T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10308136B4 (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2008-09-04 | Audi Ag | Door hinge with integrated door lock for motor vehicle doors |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2000006860A1 (en) | 2000-02-10 |
| BR9912433A (en) | 2001-10-23 |
| MXPA01000951A (en) | 2002-07-30 |
| CN1311841A (en) | 2001-09-05 |
| DE19833924A1 (en) | 2000-02-03 |
| EP1101007A1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
| AU5967099A (en) | 2000-02-21 |
| JP2002521599A (en) | 2002-07-16 |
| ATE216459T1 (en) | 2002-05-15 |
| DE59901271D1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
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