EP1091621B1 - Chauffage électrique et son procédé de contrôle - Google Patents

Chauffage électrique et son procédé de contrôle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1091621B1
EP1091621B1 EP00440266A EP00440266A EP1091621B1 EP 1091621 B1 EP1091621 B1 EP 1091621B1 EP 00440266 A EP00440266 A EP 00440266A EP 00440266 A EP00440266 A EP 00440266A EP 1091621 B1 EP1091621 B1 EP 1091621B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
electric heater
adjusting device
heating resistors
pulse
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00440266A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1091621A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Dipl.-Ing. Sedlmeier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcatel CIT SA, Alcatel SA filed Critical Alcatel CIT SA
Publication of EP1091621A1 publication Critical patent/EP1091621A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1091621B1 publication Critical patent/EP1091621B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electric heater and a method for controlling an electric heater according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • Heaters for motor vehicles in which the heat generated by a power semiconductor are used as heat sources are known from the prior art.
  • WO 99/07185 describes an electric heater for a motor vehicle in which the heat generated by power semiconductors is used as the heat source.
  • This discharged heat is used directly for heating.
  • the power semiconductors are regulated by control circuits in order to adjust the heating power continuously.
  • the heat-supplying power semiconductors are connected either in parallel or connected in parallel with several current branches, each with two series-connected power semiconductors operated in high-power loss mode.
  • the regulation of the heating power is made possible simply by the fact that the power semiconductors can be controlled individually by means of a jointly predefinable setpoint value and by means of actual values derived from the power semiconductors in the output power. For this individual control, a complex control circuit is needed.
  • the individual heating stages are arranged in a two-dimensional structure in spatially separated strips, each corresponding to a heating resistor.
  • the control of the heating power is realized by connecting or disconnecting the individual stages. Each stage is switched via a switching means.
  • the control of such a heating system takes place in this case by combining the stages and their on / off states.
  • the air to be heated which flows through the heating elements, know no homogeneous temperature profile. If the air flowing through is not adequately mixed after passing through the heating elements or if individual heating stages are assigned to the air ducts for heating individual vehicle areas, then it may cause one area of the passenger compartment in one motor vehicle to be heated, while another will be supplied with cold air.
  • the electric heater according to the invention with the characterizing features of the independent claim has the advantage over the past that a mixing of the air can be omitted with only partial activity of individual heating stages. As a result, the effort is reduced, for example, for mechanical components for mixing. Furthermore, the heating according to the invention ensures a uniform use of all heating stages, and thus distributes the wear to all existing heating stages and thus to all heating resistors.
  • the inventive method for controlling an electric heater allows the target temperature of the cell to be heated, for example, a passenger compartment of a Kraftfahreyaks to regulate in a simple manner.
  • a simple continuous control of an actual temperature to a target temperature is possible.
  • the pulse width control makes it possible by adjusting the respective duration of the current pulses and the time sequence of the current pulses, a flexible control of the heater according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 an electric heater 1 is shown schematically.
  • a control device 3 contains controllers.
  • the controller 4 are each connected to a heating resistor 2 in connection.
  • the steps are denoted by Roman numerals I, II, III and IV.
  • the output of the electrical heating resistors 2 is opposite the heated cell 5 open.
  • the electrical contacts of the control device 3 are not shown any more than the air ducts through the heating resistors. 2
  • FIG. 2 shows how the heating resistors 2 can be operated with quasi continuous power by a pulse width control of the control device 3.
  • the frequency of the pulse width control is to be selected such that a quasi-stationary state is achieved for heating the heating resistors 2, and secondly that the load on the generator, especially in a motor vehicle, does not reach any noticeable fluctuations.
  • a fluctuation in the electrical system below the 40 Hz, which can be resolved by the human eye, would be noticeable, for example, in the illumination of the vehicle.
  • With a switching frequency of approximately 100 Hz the fluctuation in the voltage of the vehicle electrical system is no longer resolvable and thus no longer recognizable to humans.
  • the individual stages I, II, III, IV are switched on sequentially.
  • the switching frequency of 100 Hz is divided down to the number of stages.
  • the individual stages are clocked at 25 Hz. This is sufficient to bring the heating resistors in a quasi-stationary thermal state, which allows optimum efficiency.
  • the switch-on time for each individual heating resistor can take place within the time interval, depending on the drive power, until the next stage switches on.
  • FIG. 3 shows that the switch-on duration of the stages can also be extended beyond the switch-on point of the following stages.
  • the individual heating resistor of the stage is turned off, except at maximum power, before the time of the new switching sequence of that stage.
  • PTC Physical Temperature Coefficient
  • PTC heating elements such as thermistors are used in the art as heaters. These components have the advantage that they are self-regulating with temperature and can not be overheated. Especially this positive behavior in circuits with excessively high currents makes their use in compact heaters popular.
  • the use of PTC elements is particularly advantageous. The elements achieve a quasi-stationary state by the clocked control. Overshoot of the control by steep pulse edges are suppressed in the PTC element. Thus, no high demands are placed on the design of the electronic control.
  • a temperature difference between the setpoint temperature and the actual temperature is first determined.
  • This temperature difference represents the controlled variable for the pulse width control. If the difference is large, a high heating line is created required to reach the balance quickly.
  • the pulse width control regulates current pulses at the respective heating resistors with a long pulse duration. The current pulses of the individual heating resistors overlap in time, so that an integral large heating line results. It is also conceivable to use in a control system in which the heating resistors are operated in the case of maximum heating power with a continuous stream and only when reducing the heating line, the timing of the current.

Landscapes

  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Chauffage (1) électrique comprenant une cellule (5) à chauffer, au moins deux résistances de chauffage (2) électriques, au moins deux canaux de guidage d'air, dont la puissance de chauffage peut être mise en cascade par un système de réglage (3), la grandeur de réglage dépendant de la différence de la température de consigne et de la température réelle,
    caractérisé en ce que,
    le système de réglage (3) présente un régulateur (4) correspondant au nombre de résistances de chauffage (2),
    lesquels sont attribués chacun à une résistance de chauffage (2),
    le système de réglage (3) alimentant chaque régulateur (4) séparément avec un courant sous forme d'impulsion et synchronisé, dont la durée d'impulsion est réglée de façon continue avec une commande d'amplitude d'impulsion du système de réglage (3).
  2. Chauffage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les impulsions de courant sont décalées dans le temps les unes par rapport aux autres sur le régulateur (4) respectif.
  3. Chauffage électrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les impulsions de courant se chevauchent en décalé dans le temps sur le régulateur (4) respectif.
  4. Chauffage électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les résistances de chauffage sont des éléments PTC.
  5. Procédé pour le réglage d'un chauffage électrique comprenant une cellule à chauffer, au moins deux résistances de chauffage (2) électriques, au moins deux canaux de guidage d'air, dont la puissance de chauffage peut être mise en cascade par un dispositif de réglage (3),
    - une température de consigne pouvant être comparée avec une température réelle dans la cellule à chauffer,
    - le circuit de réglage envoyant aux régulateurs des résistances de chauffage des courants décalés dans le temps sous forme d'impulsions, et
    - la durée des impulsions étant réglée en fonction de la différence des températures.
EP00440266A 1999-10-07 2000-10-05 Chauffage électrique et son procédé de contrôle Expired - Lifetime EP1091621B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19948313A DE19948313A1 (de) 1999-10-07 1999-10-07 Elektrische Heizung sowie Verfahren zur Regelung einer elektrischen Heizung
DE19948313 1999-10-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1091621A1 EP1091621A1 (fr) 2001-04-11
EP1091621B1 true EP1091621B1 (fr) 2006-06-07

Family

ID=7924815

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00440266A Expired - Lifetime EP1091621B1 (fr) 1999-10-07 2000-10-05 Chauffage électrique et son procédé de contrôle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1091621B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE329475T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19948313A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10120098B4 (de) 2001-04-25 2004-02-05 Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kg Heizung und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Heizung einer Funktionseinheit eines Kraftfahrzeuges
AT411313B (de) * 2001-06-25 2003-11-25 Rapp Bernhard Regelmodul zur regelung einer stromzufuhr
DE10141146B4 (de) * 2001-08-22 2020-04-30 Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh PTC-Heizvorrichtung
DE10147074A1 (de) * 2001-09-25 2003-05-08 Beru Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer aus mehreren Heizelementen bestehenden mehrstufigen elektrischen Heizung
DE10224265A1 (de) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-11 Behr Gmbh & Co Elektrische Heizvorrichtung zum Beheizen von Luft, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug
ES2225714T5 (es) † 2002-10-30 2009-09-14 CATEM GMBH & CO. KG Dispositivo calefactor electrico con varios elementos calefactores.
DE102008049277A1 (de) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrisches Heizsysteem und Verfahren zur stufenlosen Ansteuerung einer elektrischen Heizeinrichtung
DE202009003807U1 (de) 2009-03-20 2010-08-12 Voss Automotive Gmbh Elektrisches Heizsystem für ein Fluid-Leitungssystem
DE102010049800A1 (de) * 2010-07-01 2012-01-05 Dbk David + Baader Gmbh Elektronisches Ansteuersystem zur Steuerung der Leistungsaufnahme mehrerer elektrischer Verbraucher
DE102011007817A1 (de) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Webasto Ag Elektrische Heizung, Fahrzeug mit elektrischer Heizung sowie Verfahren zum Steuern einer elektrischen Heizung
JP5875279B2 (ja) 2011-08-04 2016-03-02 三菱重工業株式会社 ヒータ制御装置及び方法並びにプログラム
DE102012209385A1 (de) * 2012-06-04 2013-12-05 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern eines Heizgeräts und Heizgerät
DE102013109731A1 (de) * 2013-09-05 2015-03-05 Leifheit Ag Elektrische Wärmvorrichtung
DE102013018155A1 (de) * 2013-12-05 2015-06-11 Hemstedt GmbH Elektrische Heizvorrichtung, insbesondere Fußbodenheizung
CN107303794B (zh) * 2016-04-22 2021-03-26 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种ptc液体加热器及其加热控制方法
FR3079479B1 (fr) * 2018-03-29 2020-02-28 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Procede de commande d'un module electrique additionnel
GB2578446B (en) 2018-10-26 2021-04-21 Mahle Int Gmbh Bearing material, bearing and method
DE202020104986U1 (de) 2020-03-11 2020-11-27 Mahle International Gmbh Heizungsanordnung
DE102020117481A1 (de) 2020-07-02 2022-01-05 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Heizeinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983001993A1 (fr) * 1981-12-03 1983-06-09 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Chauffe-eau electrique
DE3509073C2 (de) * 1984-03-24 1995-04-20 Volkswagen Ag Elektrische Heizung, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE4130337C2 (de) * 1991-09-12 2002-05-02 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Verfahren zum Betrieb einer elektrischen Heizeinheit und elektrische Heizeinheit
US5990459A (en) * 1996-10-15 1999-11-23 David + Baader - DBK System for controlling a plurality of resistive heating elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1091621A1 (fr) 2001-04-11
DE50012900D1 (de) 2006-07-20
DE19948313A1 (de) 2001-04-12
ATE329475T1 (de) 2006-06-15

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