EP1089045A2 - Articles handling process and rotary hearth furnace therefor - Google Patents

Articles handling process and rotary hearth furnace therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1089045A2
EP1089045A2 EP00121081A EP00121081A EP1089045A2 EP 1089045 A2 EP1089045 A2 EP 1089045A2 EP 00121081 A EP00121081 A EP 00121081A EP 00121081 A EP00121081 A EP 00121081A EP 1089045 A2 EP1089045 A2 EP 1089045A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotary hearth
hearth furnace
workpiece
workpieces
pallet
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00121081A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1089045A3 (en
EP1089045B1 (en
Inventor
Karlheinz Schweikert
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Karl Heess GmbH and Co Maschinenbau
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Karl Heess GmbH and Co Maschinenbau
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/16—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a circular or arcuate path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0018—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces for charging, discharging or manipulation of charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0037—Rotary furnaces with vertical axis; Furnaces with rotating floor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0024—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of metallic workpieces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manipulating carburized Workpieces in which the workpieces or Workpiece magazines in a rotary hearth furnace in several, a predetermined Number of rows of workpieces introduced after carburizing taken from the rotary hearth furnace and a predetermined number of pressing stations having the hardness press, and on each pallet one of the Number of pressing stations corresponding number of workpieces or Work piece magazines are stored.
  • Green parts " that is to say workpiece blanks which have not yet been carburized, are introduced into the rotary hearth furnace and, after the carburizing, removed again and fed to a hardening press having a predetermined number of pressing stations.
  • the number of workpieces to be deposited on a pallet is the number of pressing stations (number of pressing stations) in the hardness press.
  • the invention is based, so the manipulation mentioned above to design that both the rotary hearth furnace and the hardening press better are busy. According to the invention it is provided that the pallets in Rotary hearth furnace can be arranged in such a number of rows that the Number of workpiece rows is a multiple of the number of press stations.
  • the invention makes it is possible, for example, to use smaller hardening presses with a few pressing stations larger rotary hearth furnaces in which a larger number of workpiece rows can be accommodated to couple, because the previous equality of Number of pressing stations with the number of workpiece rows can no longer be maintained got to. This allows smaller ones to be used depending on the carburization time Coupling hardening presses with larger rotary hearth furnaces without any idle times.
  • a manipulator 4 In front of the loading opening 3 of a rotary hearth furnace 2 is a manipulator 4 set up as a whole with 1 designated workpiece hardening system, next to which a hardness press 5 on one side and a magazine on the other side 6 are arranged with green compacts 7 stored in this.
  • the manipulator 4 is designed so that a pallet 10 place on his boom, not shown finds, which carries two workpieces 12, 14 in the illustrated example. Instead of the two workpieces 12, 14, two workpiece magazines can be placed on the pallet 10 be deposed.
  • the hardening press 5 is equipped with two press stations 8, 9, so that two carburized workpieces or two with one pressing process Workpiece magazines with carburized workpieces can be processed simultaneously can. Not shown is one upstream of the hardening press 5 Quenching station for the carburized, hot workpieces.
  • the rotary hearth furnace 2 has several floors with concentric one above the other arranged, annular grids on which pallets such as the pallet 10th parked and from which the pallets can be removed if they are currently lie behind the loading opening 3.
  • Each pallet carries 10 as many Workpieces 12, 14 or workpiece magazines, in the present case two pieces, such as the hardness press can work on workpieces simultaneously, i.e. a number of Workpieces or workpiece magazines equal to the number of press stations is.
  • the pallets are therefore in concentric rows on the grate floors arranged and can in each grate floor by the boom of the manipulator 4 the loading opening 3 is removed or removed from it.
  • For Simplification of the illustration is only a single shelf level in the figures shown.
  • Figure 1 shows a workpiece hardening system 1, in which the manipulator 4 a Rotary hearth furnace 2 with four concentric rows of workpieces on each of the grate floors 16, 17, 18, 19 can find space, as well as a hardness press 5 with two Press stations 8, 9 operated. They are on the same radius adjacent workpieces or workpiece magazines 26, 27 of the workpiece rows 16 and 17 on a single pallet 36 and the other two on the same Radius further inward adjacent workpieces or workpiece magazines 28 and 29 the workpiece rows 18, and 19 on a further pallet 38, so that both pallets 36 and 38 are substantially on the same radius. To simplify in Figure 1 in the grate floors shown only four pairs opposite Pallet pairs shown.
  • the two pallets 36 and 38 are in succession at the loading opening 3 stand, it is to remove the inner pallet 38 and replace it with one Grünlingen loaded pallet only required in the main direction of rotation 51 des Provide grate 50 next to the outer pallet 36 a free space that is not included a pallet is occupied, and the grate drive with a reversing device short-term reversal of direction of rotation for the grate.
  • the manipulator 4 is a hardening press with a press station and operated a rotary hearth furnace with two rows of workpieces.
  • the main direction of rotation of the Grid 50 is designated 51, so it points in the counterclockwise direction.
  • Two concentric rows 52, 54 of pallets are placed on the grate 50, which here, since each pallet carries a single workpiece or workpiece magazine, corresponds to the number of workpiece rows.
  • the pallets 55, 57 carry in detail one workpiece just before the end of the carburizing time or Workpiece magazine, the pallets 56, 58 each a finished carburized workpiece or Workpiece magazine and the pallets 62, 64, 66 each one still to be carburized Workpiece or workpiece magazine.
  • the pallets 55, 57 are shortly before Pallets 56, 58 exactly on and the pallets 62, 64, 66 in the main direction of rotation 51 behind the loading opening. Radially in front of the pallet 62 is on the grate 50 a free space 80 that is not occupied by any pallet.
  • the boom of manipulator 4 removes pallet 58 (FIG. 3). Then the direction of rotation of the grate drive is reversed until that of the inner Pallet 56 in the main direction of rotation 51 adjacent inner pallet 62 behind the Loading opening is located. Then the grate drive is stopped and the free space 80 with a pallet 70 occupied by the boom, which is a green compact bears ( Figures 4 and 5). Thereafter, the grate 50 in the main direction of rotation 51 rotated further until the inner pallet 56 through the loading opening for the Boom is accessible ( Figure 6). The boom then clears the pallet 56 from Rust 50 and replace them with a pallet 72, which carries a green compact ( Figures 7 and 8).
  • a rotary hearth furnace with n possible Coupling rows of workpieces with a hardness press that is only a number of Has pressing stations, which is a real divisor of n in the mathematical sense, if there is a sufficient number of free places. Allows one Rotary hearth furnace, for example, six rows of workpieces per grate, it can either with a hardness press with two or with a hardness press with three press stations be coupled, with three or two rows of pallets in the rotary hearth furnace are accommodated. If three rows of workpieces per grate are possible, one is sufficient Hardening press with a press station.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Abstract

Process for manipulating workpieces to be carburized comprises inserting the workpieces or a workpiece magazine on palettes into a rotary furnace in rows corresponding to a prescribed number of workpiece rows, removing from the furnace after carburizing and feeding to a press. The palettes are arranged in the furnace in the number of rows so that the row number is a multiple of the press number. Preferred Features A free place is provided next to the palettes to be removed from the furnace.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Manipulieren von aufzukohlenden Werkstücken, bei dem die auf Paletten abgelegten Werkstücke oder Werkstückmagazine in einen Drehherdofen in mehreren, einer vorgegebenen Werkstückreihenzahl entsprechenden Reihen eingebracht, nach dem Aufkohlen dem Drehherdofen entnommen und einer eine vorgegebene Preßstationenzahl aufweisenden Härtepresse zugeführt werden, und auf jeder Palette eine der Preßstationenzahl entsprechende Anzahl von Werkstücken oder Werkstückmagazinen abgelegt werden.The invention relates to a method for manipulating carburized Workpieces in which the workpieces or Workpiece magazines in a rotary hearth furnace in several, a predetermined Number of rows of workpieces introduced after carburizing taken from the rotary hearth furnace and a predetermined number of pressing stations having the hardness press, and on each pallet one of the Number of pressing stations corresponding number of workpieces or Work piece magazines are stored.

Bei der thermischen Behandlung von Werkstücken als Großserienteile für das Einsatzhärten werden in Abhängigkeit von der Werkstückgröße und ―masse verschiedene Ofenarten zur Aufkohlung eingesetzt. Kleine oder dünnwandige Werkstücke wie zum Beispiel Synchronringe oder Schaltmuffen für Fahrzeug-Schaltgetriebe können in relativ kurzer Zeit in einem Drehherdofen erwärmt und bis zu einer ausreichenden Einhärtungstiefe von ca. 0,2 bis 0,3 mm verarbeitet werden. Zur vollen Ausnutzung des Ofenraumes und zur Erzielung von mehrstündigen Aufkohlungszeiten werden die aufzukohlenden Werkstücke üblicherweise in mehretagigen Rostsystemen auf einzelnen Paletten positioniert. Diese werden mit beladenen

Figure 00010001
Grünteilen", das heißt noch nicht aufgekohlten Werkstückrohlingen, in den Drehherdofen eingebracht und nach dem Aufkohlen diesem wieder entnommen und einer eine vorgegebene Preßstationenzahl aufweisenden Härtepresse zugeführt. Dabei ist die Zahl der auf je einer Palette abzulegenden Werkstücke durch die Anzahl der Preßstationen (Preßstationenzahl) in der Härtepresse bestimmt.In the thermal treatment of workpieces as large series parts for case hardening, different types of furnaces are used for carburization depending on the workpiece size and ― mass. Small or thin-walled workpieces such as synchronizer rings or gearshift sleeves for manual transmissions can be heated in a rotary hearth furnace in a relatively short time and processed to a sufficient hardening depth of approx. 0.2 to 0.3 mm. To fully utilize the furnace space and to achieve carburizing times of several hours, the workpieces to be carburized are usually positioned on individual pallets in multi-day grate systems. These are loaded with
Figure 00010001
Green parts ", that is to say workpiece blanks which have not yet been carburized, are introduced into the rotary hearth furnace and, after the carburizing, removed again and fed to a hardening press having a predetermined number of pressing stations. The number of workpieces to be deposited on a pallet is the number of pressing stations (number of pressing stations) in the hardness press.

Bei der Auslegung einer Werkstückhärteanlage bestehend im wesentlichen aus einem Drehherdofen und einer Härtepresse kommt es wesentlich darauf an, die Kapazität sowohl des Ofens als auch der Presse so auszunutzen, daß keine Leerzeiten entstehen. Dazu werden die Paletten im Drehherdofen in einer kreisförmigen Reihe angeordnet, wobei an einer Beschickungsstelle des Drehherdofens jeweils eine Palette mit fertig aufgekohlten Werkstücken oder Werkstückmagazinen entnommen und der Drehherdofen mit einer Grünlinge tragenden Palette beschickt wird.When designing a workpiece hardening system consisting essentially of a rotary hearth furnace and a hardening press, it is essential that the To utilize the capacity of both the furnace and the press in such a way that none Empty times arise. For this, the pallets in the rotary hearth furnace in one circular row arranged, at a loading point of the Rotary hearth furnace each a pallet with finished carburized workpieces or Workpiece magazines removed and the rotary hearth furnace with a green body load-bearing pallet.

Aus der Gebrauchsmusterschrift 296 08 569 ist es bekannt, eine Palette anstelle mit einzelnen Werkstücken mit einem oder mehreren Werkstückmagazinen zu beladen, wobei in jedem Werkstückmagazin mehrere Werkstücke geordnet übereinander gestapelt sind.From the utility model 296 08 569 it is known to use a pallet instead to load individual workpieces with one or more workpiece magazines, with several workpieces arranged one above the other in each workpiece magazine are stacked.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs genannte Manipulieren so zu gestalten, daß sowohl der Drehherdofen wie auch die Härtepresse besser ausgelastet sind. Erfindungsgemäß ist dazu vorgesehen, daß die Paletten im Drehherdofen in einer derartigen Anzahl von Reihen angeordnet werden, dass die Werkstückreihenzahl ein Vielfaches der Preßstationenzahl ist. Die Erfindung macht es möglich, beispielsweise kleinere Härtepressen mit wenigen Preßstationen mit größeren Drehherdöfen, in denen eine größere Anzahl von Werkstückreihen untergebracht werden kann, zu koppeln, weil die bisherige Gleichheit der Preßstationenzahl mit der Werkstückreihenzahl nicht mehr eingehalten werden muß. Damit lassen sich entsprechend der jeweiligen Aufkohlungszeit kleinere Härtepressen mit größeren Drehherdöfen koppeln, ohne daß Leerzeiten entstehen.The invention is based, so the manipulation mentioned above to design that both the rotary hearth furnace and the hardening press better are busy. According to the invention it is provided that the pallets in Rotary hearth furnace can be arranged in such a number of rows that the Number of workpiece rows is a multiple of the number of press stations. The invention makes it is possible, for example, to use smaller hardening presses with a few pressing stations larger rotary hearth furnaces in which a larger number of workpiece rows can be accommodated to couple, because the previous equality of Number of pressing stations with the number of workpiece rows can no longer be maintained got to. This allows smaller ones to be used depending on the carburization time Coupling hardening presses with larger rotary hearth furnaces without any idle times.

Besondere Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Particular embodiments of the invention are in the subclaims specified.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend an einem in der beigefügten Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel im einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Draufsicht auf eine schematisch gezeichnete Werkstückhärteanlage mit einer zwei Preßstationen aufweisenden Härtepresse,
Figuren 2 bis 9
verschiedene Stadien des Palettenentnahme- und beschickungsvorgangs an einem Drehherdofen nach Figur 1.
The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing. Show it:
Figure 1
2 shows a plan view of a schematically drawn workpiece hardening plant with a hardening press having two press stations,
Figures 2 to 9
Different stages of the pallet removal and loading process on a rotary hearth furnace according to FIG. 1.

Vor der Beschickungsöffnung 3 eines Drehherdofens 2 ist ein Manipulator 4 einer im Ganzen mit 1 bezeichneten Werkstückhärteanlage aufgestellt, neben welchem an einer Seite eine Härtepresse 5 und gegenüber an der anderen Seite ein Magazin 6 mit in diesem bevorrateten Grünlingen 7 angeordnet sind. Der Manipulator 4 ist so ausgelegt, daß auf seinem nicht dargestellten Ausleger eine Palette 10 Platz findet, welche im erläuterten Beispiel zwei Werkstücke 12, 14 trägt. Statt der beiden Werkstücke 12, 14 können zwei Werkstückmagazine auf die Palette 10 abgesetzt sein. Die Härtepresse 5 ist mit zwei Preßstationen 8, 9 ausgerüstet, sodaß mit einem Preßvorgang zwei aufgekohlte Werkstücke oder zwei Werkstückmagazine mit aufgekohlten Werkstücken gleichzeitig bearbeitet werden können. Nicht dargestellt ist eine der Härtepresse 5 üblicherweise vorgeschaltete Abschreckstation für die aufgekohlten, heißen Werkstücke.In front of the loading opening 3 of a rotary hearth furnace 2 is a manipulator 4 set up as a whole with 1 designated workpiece hardening system, next to which a hardness press 5 on one side and a magazine on the other side 6 are arranged with green compacts 7 stored in this. The manipulator 4 is designed so that a pallet 10 place on his boom, not shown finds, which carries two workpieces 12, 14 in the illustrated example. Instead of the two workpieces 12, 14, two workpiece magazines can be placed on the pallet 10 be deposed. The hardening press 5 is equipped with two press stations 8, 9, so that two carburized workpieces or two with one pressing process Workpiece magazines with carburized workpieces can be processed simultaneously can. Not shown is one upstream of the hardening press 5 Quenching station for the carburized, hot workpieces.

Der Drehherdofen 2 besitzt mehrere Etagen mit konzentrisch übereinander angeordneten, ringförmigen Rosten, auf denen Paletten wie etwa die Palette 10 abgestellt und von denen die Paletten entnommen werden können, wenn sie gerade hinter der Beschickungsöffnung 3 liegen. Dabei trägt jede Palette 10 soviele Werkstücke 12, 14 oder Werkstückmagazine, im vorliegenden Fall zwei Stück, wie die Härtepresse an Werkstücken gleichzeitig bearbeiten kann, also eine Anzahl von Werkstücken oder Werkstückmagazinen, die gleich der Anzahl der Preßstationen ist. Auf den Rostetagen sind daher die Paletten in konzentrischen Reihen angeordnet und können in jeder Rostetage vom Ausleger des Manipulators 4 durch die Beschickungsöffnung 3 abgesetzt oder von diesem entnommen werden. Zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung ist nur eine einzige Rostetage in den Figuren gezeigt.The rotary hearth furnace 2 has several floors with concentric one above the other arranged, annular grids on which pallets such as the pallet 10th parked and from which the pallets can be removed if they are currently lie behind the loading opening 3. Each pallet carries 10 as many Workpieces 12, 14 or workpiece magazines, in the present case two pieces, such as the hardness press can work on workpieces simultaneously, i.e. a number of Workpieces or workpiece magazines equal to the number of press stations is. The pallets are therefore in concentric rows on the grate floors arranged and can in each grate floor by the boom of the manipulator 4 the loading opening 3 is removed or removed from it. For Simplification of the illustration is only a single shelf level in the figures shown.

Weiterhin nicht dargestellt sind Mittel zur Entnahme von im Magazin 6 bevorrateten Grünlingen 7 und zum Absetzen derselben auf einer leeren Palette sowie andere Mittel zur Entnahme von Werkstücken 12, 14 oder Werkstückmagazinen von der Palette 10 und Weitergeben derselben in die Abschreckeinrichtung und von dort zwischen die Preßmatritzen der Härtepresse 5. Also not shown are means for removing magazine 6 stocked green compacts 7 and to put them on an empty pallet and other means for removing workpieces 12, 14 or Workpiece magazines from the pallet 10 and forwarding them into the Quenching device and from there between the press dies of the hardening press 5.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Werkstückhärteanlage 1, bei der der Manipulator 4 einen Drehherdofen 2, auf dessen Rostetagen jeweils vier konzentrische Werkstückreihen 16, 17, 18, 19 Platz finden können, sowie eine Härtepresse 5 mit zwei Preßstationen 8, 9 bedient. Dabei befinden sich die auf gleichem Radius benachbarten Werkstücke oder Werkstückmagazine 26, 27 der Werkstückreihen 16 und 17 auf einer einzigen Palette 36 und die weiteren beiden auf dem gleichen Radius weiter innen benachbarten Werkstücke oder Werkstückmagazine 28 und 29 der Werkstückreihen 18, und 19 auf einer weiteren Palette 38, sodaß beide Paletten 36 und 38 im wesentlichen auf demselben Radius liegen. Zur Vereinfachung sind in Figur 1 in der dargestellten Rostetagen nur vier paarweise gegenüberliegende Palettenpaare dargestellt. Tatsächlich befinden sich in einer Rostetage meist sehr viel mehr Paletten, die in konzentrischen Reihen angeordnet sind. Im vorliegenden Fall erfassen die zwei Palettenreihen, zu denen die Paletten 36 und 38 gehören, die vier Werkstückreihen 16, 17, 18 und 19. Man sieht, dass die Anzahl der Werkstückreihen ein Vielfaches, hier das Doppelte, der Anzahl der Preßstationen, hier die beiden Preßstationen 8 und 9, ist.Figure 1 shows a workpiece hardening system 1, in which the manipulator 4 a Rotary hearth furnace 2 with four concentric rows of workpieces on each of the grate floors 16, 17, 18, 19 can find space, as well as a hardness press 5 with two Press stations 8, 9 operated. They are on the same radius adjacent workpieces or workpiece magazines 26, 27 of the workpiece rows 16 and 17 on a single pallet 36 and the other two on the same Radius further inward adjacent workpieces or workpiece magazines 28 and 29 the workpiece rows 18, and 19 on a further pallet 38, so that both pallets 36 and 38 are substantially on the same radius. To simplify in Figure 1 in the grate floors shown only four pairs opposite Pallet pairs shown. In fact, there are usually a lot of rust levels many more pallets arranged in concentric rows. In the present Fall grasp the two rows of pallets, to which the pallets 36 and 38 belong four rows of workpieces 16, 17, 18 and 19. It can be seen that the number of Workpiece rows a multiple, here double, the number of press stations, here are the two press stations 8 and 9.

Wenn die beiden Paletten 36 und 38 hintereinander an der Beschickungsöffnung 3 stehen, ist es zur Entnahme der inneren Palette 38 und deren Ersatz durch eine mit Grünlingen beladenen Palette lediglich erforderlich, in Hauptdrehrichtung 51 des Rostes 50 neben der äußeren Palette 36 einen Freiplatz vorzusehen, der nicht mit einer Palette besetzt ist, sowie den Rostantrieb mit einer Umsteuereinrichtung zur kurzzeitigen Drehrichtungsumkehr für den Rost auszurüsten. Dies wird nachstehend an einem einfacheren Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der Figuren 2 bis 9 erläutert, bei dem der Manipulator 4 eine Härtepresse mit einer Preßstation und einen Drehherdofen mit zwei Werkstückreihen bedient.If the two pallets 36 and 38 are in succession at the loading opening 3 stand, it is to remove the inner pallet 38 and replace it with one Grünlingen loaded pallet only required in the main direction of rotation 51 des Provide grate 50 next to the outer pallet 36 a free space that is not included a pallet is occupied, and the grate drive with a reversing device short-term reversal of direction of rotation for the grate. this will Below, using a simpler exemplary embodiment with reference to FIGS. 2 to 9 explained in which the manipulator 4 is a hardening press with a press station and operated a rotary hearth furnace with two rows of workpieces.

Da die Anzahl der auf einer Palette aufgenommenen Werkstücke oder Werkstückmagazine der Preßstationenzahl entsprechen muß, trägt hier jede Palette nur ein einziges Werkstück oder Werkstückmagazin. Die Hauptdrehrichtung des Rostes 50 ist mit 51 bezeichnet, sie weist also in Gegenrichtung des Uhrzeigers. Auf dem Rost 50 sind zwei konzentrische Reihen 52, 54 von Paletten abgestellt, die hier, da jede Palette ein einziges Werkstück oder Werkstückmagazin trägt, gleich der Werkstückreihenzahl entspricht. Im einzelnen tragen die Paletten 55, 57 je ein kurz vor dem Ende der Aufkohlungszeit stehendes Werkstück oder Werkstückmagazin, die Paletten 56, 58 je ein fertig aufgekohltes Werkstück oder Werkstückmagazin und die Paletten 62, 64, 66 je ein noch aufzukohlendes Werkstück oder Werkstückmagazin. Die Paletten 55, 57 stehen kurz vor, die Paletten 56, 58 genau an und die Paletten 62, 64, 66 in Hauptdrehrichtung 51 hinter der Beschickungsöffnung. Radial vor der Palette 62 befindet sich auf dem Rost 50 ein Freiplatz 80, der mit keiner Palette besetzt ist.Since the number of workpieces or on a pallet Each pallet must carry workpiece magazines corresponding to the number of press stations only a single workpiece or workpiece magazine. The main direction of rotation of the Grid 50 is designated 51, so it points in the counterclockwise direction. Two concentric rows 52, 54 of pallets are placed on the grate 50, which here, since each pallet carries a single workpiece or workpiece magazine, corresponds to the number of workpiece rows. The pallets 55, 57 carry in detail one workpiece just before the end of the carburizing time or Workpiece magazine, the pallets 56, 58 each a finished carburized workpiece or Workpiece magazine and the pallets 62, 64, 66 each one still to be carburized Workpiece or workpiece magazine. The pallets 55, 57 are shortly before Pallets 56, 58 exactly on and the pallets 62, 64, 66 in the main direction of rotation 51 behind the loading opening. Radially in front of the pallet 62 is on the grate 50 a free space 80 that is not occupied by any pallet.

Zunächst entnimmt der Ausleger des Manipulators 4 die Palette 58 (Fig. 3). Sodann wird die Drehrichtung des Rostantriebs solange umgekehrt, bis die der inneren Palette 56 in Hauptdrehrichtung 51 benachbarte innere Palette 62 hinter der Beschickungsöffnung sich befindet. Alsdann wird der Rostantrieb angehalten und der Freiplatz 80 mit einer Palette 70 vom Ausleger besetzt, welche einen Grünling trägt (Figuren 4 und 5). Darnach wird der Rost 50 in Hauptdrehrichtung 51 solange weitergedreht, bis die innere Palette 56 durch die Beschickungsöffnung für den Ausleger zugänglich ist (Figur 6). Der Ausleger räumt dann die Palette 56 vom Rost 50 ab und ersetzt sie durch eine Palette 72, welche einen Grünling trägt (Figuren 7 und 8). Schließlich wird der Rost 50 in Hauptdrehrichtung solange angetrieben, bis das nächste Palettenpaar 55, 57 mit inzwischen fertig aufgekohlten Werkstücken durch die Beschickungsöffnung zugänglich wird. Ein dem Ausgangszustand gemäß Figur 2 entsprechender Zustand der Rostbeladung mit Paletten ist erreicht.First, the boom of manipulator 4 removes pallet 58 (FIG. 3). Then the direction of rotation of the grate drive is reversed until that of the inner Pallet 56 in the main direction of rotation 51 adjacent inner pallet 62 behind the Loading opening is located. Then the grate drive is stopped and the free space 80 with a pallet 70 occupied by the boom, which is a green compact bears (Figures 4 and 5). Thereafter, the grate 50 in the main direction of rotation 51 rotated further until the inner pallet 56 through the loading opening for the Boom is accessible (Figure 6). The boom then clears the pallet 56 from Rust 50 and replace them with a pallet 72, which carries a green compact (Figures 7 and 8). Finally, the grate 50 in the main direction of rotation driven until the next pair of pallets 55, 57 with carburized already finished Workpieces are accessible through the loading opening. One of those Initial state according to Figure 2 corresponding state of the grate loading Pallet has been reached.

Entsprechend ist es möglich, einen Drehherdofen mit n möglichen Werkstückreihen mit einer Härtepresse zu koppeln, die nur eine Anzahl von Preßstationen besitzt, die ein im mathematischen Sinne echter Teiler von n ist, wenn eine genügende Zahl von Freiplätzen vorhanden ist. Ermöglicht ein Drehherdofen beispielsweise sechs Werkstückreihen pro Rost, kann er entweder mit einer Härtepresse mit zwei oder mit einer Härtepresse mit drei Preßstationen gekoppelt werden, wobei dann im Drehherdofen drei oder zwei Palettenreihen untergebracht sind. Sind drei Werkstückreihen pro Rost möglich, reicht eine Härtepresse mit einer Preßstation aus.Accordingly, it is possible to have a rotary hearth furnace with n possible Coupling rows of workpieces with a hardness press that is only a number of Has pressing stations, which is a real divisor of n in the mathematical sense, if there is a sufficient number of free places. Allows one Rotary hearth furnace, for example, six rows of workpieces per grate, it can either with a hardness press with two or with a hardness press with three press stations be coupled, with three or two rows of pallets in the rotary hearth furnace are accommodated. If three rows of workpieces per grate are possible, one is sufficient Hardening press with a press station.

Claims (5)

Verfahren zum Manipulieren von aufzukohlenden Werkstücken, bei dem die auf Paletten abgelegten Werkstücke oder Werkstückmagazine in einen Drehherdofen in mehreren, einer vorgegebenen Werkstückreihenzahl entsprechenden Reihen eingebracht, nach dem Aufkohlen dem Drehherdofen entnommen und einer eine vorgegebene Preßstationenzahl aufweisenden Härtepreße zugeführt werden, und wobei auf jeder Palette eine der Preßstationenzahl entsprechende Anzahl von Werkstücken oder Werkstückmagazinen abgelegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Paletten, (36, 38; 55, 57; 56, 58; 64, 66) im Drehherdofen (2, 50) in einer derartigen Anzahl von Reihen angeordnet werden, dass die Werkstückreihenzahl ein Vielfaches der Preßstationenzahl ist.Method for manipulating carburized workpieces, in which the Workpieces or workpiece magazines stored on pallets in one Rotary hearth furnace in several, a predetermined number of workpiece rows appropriate rows introduced, after carburizing the rotary hearth furnace removed and one having a predetermined number of press stations Hardness presses are fed, and with one on each pallet Number of pressing stations corresponding number of workpieces or Workpiece magazines is stored, characterized in that the pallets, (36, 38; 55, 57; 56, 58; 64, 66) in the rotary hearth furnace (2, 50) in such a Number of rows to be arranged that the number of workpiece rows Is a multiple of the number of press stations. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass neben den aus dem Drebherdofen (2, 50) zu entnehmenden, auf gleichem Radius liegenden Paletten (56, 58) mindestens ein Freiplatz (80), der nicht von einer Palette besetzt ist, vorgesehen wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to the from the Rotary hearth furnace (2, 50) to be removed, lying on the same radius Pallets (56, 58) at least one free space (80) that is not from a pallet is occupied, is provided. Drehherdofen mit einer oder mehreren, übereinander angeordneten Rostetagen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf jedem Rost (50) mehrere konzentrische Reihen (52, 54) von mit Werkstücken oder Werkstückmagazinen besetzten Paletten angeordnet sind.Rotary hearth furnace with one or more stacked grate levels, characterized in that on each grate (50) several concentric Rows (52, 54) of occupied with workpieces or workpiece magazines Pallets are arranged. Drehherdofen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens eine Palettenreihe wenigstens einen nicht mit einer Palette besetzten Freiplatz (80) aufweist.Rotary hearth furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one Pallet row at least one free space not occupied by a pallet (80) having. Drehherdofen nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Palette eine Anzahl von Werkstücken (12, 14) oder Werkstückmagazinen trägt, die gleich der Preßstationenzahl einer dem Drehherdofen (2) zugeordneten Härtepreße (5) ist.Rotary hearth furnace according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that that each pallet has a number of workpieces (12, 14) or Carries workpiece magazines, the same as the number of press stations Rotary hearth furnace (2) assigned hardness press (5).
EP00121081A 1999-10-01 2000-09-28 Articles handling process and rotary hearth furnace therefor Expired - Lifetime EP1089045B1 (en)

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US6336808B1 (en) 2002-01-08
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