EP1087194A1 - Bad Verdampfer-Kondensor und Luftzerleggungvorrichtung - Google Patents

Bad Verdampfer-Kondensor und Luftzerleggungvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1087194A1
EP1087194A1 EP00402606A EP00402606A EP1087194A1 EP 1087194 A1 EP1087194 A1 EP 1087194A1 EP 00402606 A EP00402606 A EP 00402606A EP 00402606 A EP00402606 A EP 00402606A EP 1087194 A1 EP1087194 A1 EP 1087194A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
region
vaporizer
vaporization
spray
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP00402606A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Renaud Brugerolle
Jean-Yves Lehman
Jean-Yves Thonnelier
Etienne Werlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1087194A1 publication Critical patent/EP1087194A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/10—Boiler-condenser with superposed stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/10—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media
    • F28F2250/102—Particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media with change of flow direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vaporizer-condenser bath, of the type comprising at least one body exchanger which includes a stack of plates parallel, closing bars and spacer waves which define a series of vaporization passages fully open at their lower end and upper end and a series of passages from condensation.
  • the invention applies in particular to main vaporizers-condensers of air distillation, which vaporizes liquid oxygen under low pressure (typically slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure) by medium nitrogen condensation pressure (typically 5 to 6 at absolute bars), and it will be explained below in this app.
  • Bath vaporizers / condensers operate in thermosyphon.
  • the bottom-up circulation of oxygen is vaporizing is ensured by the hydrostatic pressure due to the height of the liquid oxygen bath and the lightening of the liquid that vaporizes.
  • the oxygen flow recirculating liquid must be several times greater than the flow of vaporized oxygen. For this reason, we impose that the height of the liquid oxygen bath is approximately equal to the height of the exchanger, that is to say that it is almost completely submerged in the liquid.
  • the invention aims to improve the efficiency of the vaporizer-condenser with a relatively construction simplified.
  • the invention relates to a vaporizer-condenser of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the spray passages are subdivided by bars of separation into at least two vaporization regions superimposed each of which is fully open to its lower end and at its upper end each spray region being provided with a recirculation of the liquid and, at its upper end, means for overflowing the liquid in a region of underlying vaporization, so as to create in each vaporization region a separate partial height bath or other baths and immersing this region on substantially over its entire height, in that the end upper of each lower spray region and intermediate is spaced vertically from the bar separation which supports the immediately upper bath, and in that the vaporizer-condenser comprises on the one hand means for supplying liquid to the region of superior vaporization, and secondly means steam outlet at each intermediate level between two spray regions.
  • the invention also relates to an apparatus for air distillation comprising a vaporizer-condenser main as defined above, intended to vaporize liquid oxygen by nitrogen condensation.
  • the air distillation apparatus 1 shown partially in Figures 1 and 2 is a double column distillation consisting of a distillation column medium pressure 2 surmounted by a distillation column low pressure 3.
  • the nitrogen at the top of column 2 which operates at 5 to 6 bar absolute, is linked heat exchange in the main evaporator-condenser 4 of the device with the liquid oxygen produced in the tank of the column 3.
  • the operating pressure of the latter is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. More specifically, the vaporizer-condenser 4 is intended to vaporize the bottom column tank liquid oxygen pressure by condensation of nitrogen gas at the top of the medium pressure column.
  • the vaporizer-condenser 4 is fixed in the shell of the low pressure column 3, in the tank thereof, with a free space between this shell and him on all its around. It consists of a single exchanger body 5 of the brazed plate type, and of two semi-cylindrical boxes 6 and 7 welded to this body.
  • the body exchanger 5, of generally parallelepiped shape, is consisting of a stack of rectangular plates vertical 8 aluminum, all identical, of bars peripheral closure 9 represented by simple lines thick, dividing bars which will be described more far, and of spacer waves 10, for example of corrugated sheet perforated. The whole is brazed in the oven in one surgery.
  • On the body 5 are welded the two boxes 6 and 7, namely an upper side box 6 for nitrogen input gas and a lower side box 7 of nitrogen outlet liquid. Of course, an exit from "incondensables" (not shown) is provided in box 7.
  • Each pair of adjacent plates 8 delimits a passage of generally flat shape. These passages are alternately oxygen vaporization passages 11 (Figure 1) and nitrogen condensation passages 12 ( Figure 2). Bars 9 close the periphery of these passages, with the exception of entry / exit openings for fluids.
  • passages 11 are closed laterally on most of their height and totally open to their upper and lower ends.
  • passages 12 are closed on all their periphery except for a side window upper nitrogen gas inlet, which leads to the box 6, and a lower side outlet window liquid nitrogen, onto which the box 7 opens.
  • Each spray passage 8 ( Figure 1) is subdivided into several superimposed spray regions, three in this example, namely a region of lower vaporization 13A, a vaporization region intermediate 13B and an upper vaporization region 13C.
  • Each region 13A to 13C is substantially totally immersed in a liquid oxygen bath and is defined by a wave with vertical generators, of rectangular shape, respectively 10A to 10C.
  • the wave 10A of the lower region 13A extends over most of the horizontal width of the passage.
  • a recirculation duct 14A of liquid is delimited between the wave and the closing bar 9 adjacent.
  • Intermediate region 13B is located above and at a certain vertical distance from a dividing bar horizontal bottom 15B which extends from a bar 9 (that on the right in Figure 1) at a location spaced from the opposite bar 9.
  • Region 13B starts from bar 9 on the right and ends at a distance from a retaining bar vertical 16B from the left end of the bar 15B.
  • the 10B wave is arranged in the space defined by the bars 15B and 16B. The upper edge of this wave is substantially at the top end of the bar 16B, while its lower edge delimits with the bar 15B a free space 17B for source supply.
  • wave 10B starts from bar 9 on the right and ends a short distance from bar 16B, delimiting with it a liquid recirculation space 14B.
  • Bar 15B is spaced vertically from the edge upper 10A wave. This defines between regions 13A and 13B a free space 19 which extends over the entire width of the exchanger body and which is connected to a free space of liquid descent 18B existing between bar 9 on the left and bar 16B.
  • the upper vaporization region 13C has the same structure as region 13B, but reversed left / right, with a 13C lower dividing bar, a lateral restraint 16C and free spaces 17C supply and 14C recirculation delimited by the wave 10C.
  • Bar 15C is spaced vertically from the edge higher of the 10B wave, which defines between regions 13B and 13C a free space 21 which extends over the entire width of the exchanger body. This space 21 is connected to a free descent space 18C demarcated between bar 16C and bar 9 on the right.
  • a supply spillway 23 constituted by a horizontal lower bar 24 and a short bar vertical lateral 25.
  • Bar 24 starts from bar 9 of right, and bar 25 connects to the left end of the bar 24 and is substantially perpendicular to the bar 16B. This defines a feed descent 26 between the bar 25 and bar 9 on the left.
  • the closing bar 9 on the right defines a window 27 between regions 13A and 13B and between region 13C and the overflow 23.
  • the closing bar 9 on the left defines a similar window 27 between regions 13B and 13C.
  • the waves 10 of the condensation passages 12 have vertical generators over most of the height of these passages, and are extended above and below by waves distribution slants that open into the windows side nitrogen inlet / outlet, in a conventional manner.
  • the liquid oxygen produced by column 3 is distributed substantially uniformly across all spillways 23, as shown by the arrow F on the Figure 1.
  • liquid oxygen forms an intermediate bath 28B of partial height.
  • the partial vaporization of oxygen in region 13B causes the formation of gaseous oxygen which escapes from the exchanger body via intermediate window 27 and pass so in column 3 while the excess liquid overflows in the descent 18B, above the bar 16B, and reaches the lower bath 28A.
  • Partial vaporization of oxygen in this bath lower form of gaseous oxygen which escapes into the column 3 via window 27 below, while the excess liquid overflows and recirculates itself in the bath 22A via the downpipes 14A.
  • the nitrogen gas from the head of the column 2 enters via the upper box 6, then descends gradually condensing over the entire height of the body exchanger. Liquid nitrogen is collected at the base and returns, via the lower box 7, in column 2.
  • liquid oxygen can fall directly on the exchanger body, as shown schematically by the arrow F in Figure 3. It forms the bath higher 28C by spreading across all regions 13C via the chute 29C. From there, the liquid overflows into the chute 31 for supplying the intermediate bath 28B and distributes among all regions 13B via chute 29B. From there, the liquid overflows into the lower bath 28A.
  • the gaseous oxygen resulting from the vaporization passes in column 3 via the two lower windows 27 and via the two upper windows 27, and also by the upper opening of the passages 11, over the entire width of these.
  • the side face 32 of the vaporizer-condenser consisting of slices of plates and closing bars 9, east devoid of opening and accessories. This allows back-to-back two identical vaporizers-condensers.
  • a pipe 36 for supplying liquid to the vaporizer-condenser ends up in box 34, near the end right of it, and a liquid supply pipe 37 from region 13B connects box 35 to box 33, near the left end of it.
  • the region 13A spans the entire width of each passage of vaporization 11, while each region 13B, 13C starts from the bar 9 on the left (in Figures 5 and 6) and leaves free a recirculation space 14B, 14C between itself and bar 9 on the right.
  • Windows 27 and 127 are located just below the dividing bars 15B and 15C. The lower windows 27 extend down to upper level of region 13A, and windows 127 to the upper level of region 13B.
  • the lower generator of the box 33 is at the level of the bar 15B, that of the box 34 at the level of the bar 15C ( Figure 6), and that of the box 35 substantially at the upper level of region 13C. Likewise that in Figure 3, the latter is fully open towards the top, like regions 13A and 13B.
  • a section of horizontal bar 38, forming a baffle, is provided halfway up each box 33 and 34 and level of the lower edge of the corresponding wave 10B, 10C.
  • the upper regions 13C are supplied from source via hose 36 and box 34.
  • the liquid which overflows from the 13C regions passes, via the box 35 and the pipe 37, in the box 33, where it mixture with the liquid which recirculates in each region 13B.
  • FIG. 7 to 9 corresponds for the essential to the previous one, after deleting the floor intermediate 13B.
  • the pipe 37 and box 35 are replaced by a simple notch 135 in the left side of the wall liquid retaining upper, and it is no longer necessary to make two types of windows: windows 27, only necessary for the lower floor, have all the same height and serve both to overflow liquid oxygen and the evacuation of gaseous oxygen.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
EP00402606A 1999-09-21 2000-09-20 Bad Verdampfer-Kondensor und Luftzerleggungvorrichtung Withdrawn EP1087194A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9911777 1999-09-21
FR9911777A FR2798598B1 (fr) 1999-09-21 1999-09-21 Vaporiseur-condenseur a bain et appareil de distillation d'air correspondant

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1087194A1 true EP1087194A1 (de) 2001-03-28

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Family Applications (1)

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EP00402606A Withdrawn EP1087194A1 (de) 1999-09-21 2000-09-20 Bad Verdampfer-Kondensor und Luftzerleggungvorrichtung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US6374636B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1087194A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2798598B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2645037A1 (de) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plattenwärmeaustauscher mit mehreren Modulen verbunden durch Blechstreifen
EP2645038A1 (de) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plattenwärmetauscher mit mehreren Modulen verbunden mit Profilen
FR3010779A1 (fr) * 2013-09-18 2015-03-20 Air Liquide Vaporiseur a bain pour appareil de separation d'air
WO2018087472A1 (fr) 2016-11-08 2018-05-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Vaporiseur-condenseur à bain pour un procédé de séparation cryogénique d'un courant de gaz naturel

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10027140A1 (de) * 2000-05-31 2001-12-06 Linde Ag Mehrstöckiger Badkondensator
FR2834783B1 (fr) * 2002-01-17 2004-06-11 Air Liquide Ailette d'echange thermique, son procede de fabrication et echangeur de chaleur correspondant
DE102010051526A1 (de) 2010-11-16 2012-05-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Mehrstöckiger Badkondensator

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2064065A7 (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-07-16 Linde Ag Condenser evaporator for oxygen and - nitrogen prodn
FR2237158A1 (en) * 1973-07-03 1975-02-07 Teal Procedes Air Liquide Tech Heat exchanger module for several different coolants - esp. for gas liquefaction comprises one drum per coolant
US5775129A (en) * 1997-03-13 1998-07-07 The Boc Group, Inc. Heat exchanger

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992168A (en) * 1968-05-20 1976-11-16 Kobe Steel Ltd. Heat exchanger with rectification effect
US4715433A (en) * 1986-06-09 1987-12-29 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Reboiler-condenser with doubly-enhanced plates
US5122174A (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-06-16 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Boiling process and a heat exchanger for use in the process
GB9405161D0 (en) * 1994-03-16 1994-04-27 Boc Group Plc Method and apparatus for reboiling a liquified gas mixture
US5755279A (en) * 1996-03-29 1998-05-26 The Boc Group, Inc. Heat exchanger

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2064065A7 (en) * 1969-10-01 1971-07-16 Linde Ag Condenser evaporator for oxygen and - nitrogen prodn
FR2237158A1 (en) * 1973-07-03 1975-02-07 Teal Procedes Air Liquide Tech Heat exchanger module for several different coolants - esp. for gas liquefaction comprises one drum per coolant
US5775129A (en) * 1997-03-13 1998-07-07 The Boc Group, Inc. Heat exchanger

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2645037A1 (de) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plattenwärmeaustauscher mit mehreren Modulen verbunden durch Blechstreifen
EP2645038A1 (de) * 2012-03-29 2013-10-02 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plattenwärmetauscher mit mehreren Modulen verbunden mit Profilen
US9335102B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2016-05-10 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plate heat exchanger with several modules connected by sheet-metal strips
US10605536B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2020-03-31 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Plate heat exchanger with several modules connected by sections
FR3010779A1 (fr) * 2013-09-18 2015-03-20 Air Liquide Vaporiseur a bain pour appareil de separation d'air
WO2018087472A1 (fr) 2016-11-08 2018-05-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Vaporiseur-condenseur à bain pour un procédé de séparation cryogénique d'un courant de gaz naturel

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Publication number Publication date
FR2798598B1 (fr) 2002-05-24
FR2798598A1 (fr) 2001-03-23
US6374636B1 (en) 2002-04-23

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