EP0738862A1 - Wärmetauscher mit gelöteten Platten und entsprechendes Verfahren zur Behandlung einer zweiphasigen Flüssigkeit - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher mit gelöteten Platten und entsprechendes Verfahren zur Behandlung einer zweiphasigen Flüssigkeit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0738862A1
EP0738862A1 EP96400764A EP96400764A EP0738862A1 EP 0738862 A1 EP0738862 A1 EP 0738862A1 EP 96400764 A EP96400764 A EP 96400764A EP 96400764 A EP96400764 A EP 96400764A EP 0738862 A1 EP0738862 A1 EP 0738862A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
passage
heat exchanger
plates
phase fluid
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96400764A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0738862B1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Yves Lehman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP0738862A1 publication Critical patent/EP0738862A1/de
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Publication of EP0738862B1 publication Critical patent/EP0738862B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
    • F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0033—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cryogenic applications
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y10S62/903—Heat exchange structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger with brazed plates, of the type comprising a stack of plates separated by spacer waves, and a set of generally flat passages delimited by these plates, namely a series of first passages of circulation of a two-phase fluid, each of which is adjacent to at least one second passage for circulation of another fluid, circulating or refrigerant.
  • Heat exchangers of this type make it possible to carry out gas condensation and / or vaporization of liquids, by circulating in passages adjacent to the circulation passages of the two-phase fluid an respectively refrigerant and circulating fluid.
  • the vaporization of a liquid is generally carried out partially.
  • the condensation operations are often only partial, for example for cryogenic gas purification.
  • the two phases to be separated are sent into a free volume associated with the exchanger but distinct from the structure thereof.
  • the object of the invention is to ensure the separation of the phases by the structure of the exchanger itself, in order to simplify the production of the entire apparatus.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger of the aforementioned type, characterized in that at least one of said first passages comprises, in at least one location of its length, an increase in its passage section as well as means for collecting and discharging one of the two phases of the two-phase fluid.
  • the invention also relates to a method for treating a two-phase fluid in a brazed plate heat exchanger, characterized in that at least one location along the length of each circulation passage of the two-phase fluid, the quantity is substantially increased the section offered to this fluid and one of its two phases is collected.
  • the heat exchanger 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is of the brazed plate type. It essentially comprises a parallelepipedic body consisting of a stack of rectangular metal plates 2 separated by spacer waves 3.
  • the latter may in particular be perforated corrugated sheets, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 2, or alternatively, corrugated sheets having flat on their flanks, say "waves serrated".
  • the dimensions of the plates 2 can reach for example 6 m ⁇ 2 m.
  • the plates 2 define between them a large number of generally flat passages. These passages, in the example shown, are divided into two alternating groups: first passages 4 for upward circulation of a two-phase fluid F during vaporization, and second passages 5 for downward circulation of a circulating fluid f . Plates 2, including the lower edges are all at the same level, extend alternately up to a high level N1 (plates 2A) and up to a level N2 lower than N1 (plates 2B). The two end plates extend to the high level N1.
  • the passages 4 and 5 are delimited below and on each side by closing bars which leave free rows of fluid inlet / outlet windows, which are capped by inlet boxes / outlet of generally semi-cylindrical shape.
  • a lower box 6 for fluid inlet F there is provided a side box 7 for fluid inlet f , and a side box 8 for fluid outlet f .
  • Each passage 5 is delimited upwards by an upper closing bar 9 inclined from the top point of the corresponding inlet window for the fluid f .
  • a free volume 10 is defined above this bar 9, in each passage 5, between the plates 2A and 2B which frame the latter.
  • an inlet / outlet distributor constituted by a set of waves, some of which are oriented obliquely.
  • a distributor which is a fluid inlet distributor F in the passages 4 and a lateral fluid outlet distributor f in the passages 5.
  • a lateral inlet distributor 11 for the fluid f is located just below each upper bar 9.
  • the exchanger is completed by an upper dome 12, conventionally made from four quarter-cylinder sheets welded together at their intersections, and welded by their lower edges along the upper edge of the two extreme plates 2A as well as along the other two upper edges of the exchanger. These two other edges are, as will be understood, made up of the upper end edges of the plates 2A and of the lateral closing bars.
  • a pipe 13 for leaving the vapor phase of the fluid F is welded to the top of the dome 12.
  • the fluid F supplied at source, in liquid form, in each passage 4 via the box 6, gradually vaporizes. It arrives in the two-phase state at level N2, where the passage section which is offered to it increases suddenly, substantially double. The speed of the fluid therefore decreases suddenly, which causes the separation of the liquid phase, which falls by gravity.
  • the rapid two-phase current which rises in the passage 4 has the result that the liquid does not descend in this passage, but collects in the cavity 10 which overcomes the upper bar 9 of the associated passage 5.
  • This bar 9 being inclined, the liquid descends along the bar and, through liquid outlet windows provided just above the lower end of this bar, falls into a manifold 15 which covers these outlet windows .
  • the vapor phase F V of the fluid F collects in the dome 12 and is evacuated via the tubing 13.
  • the increase in cross section of the passages 4 is obtained in the following manner: all the plates 2 are extended upwards to the high level N1 and, between the levels N1 and N2, all the plates are provided with openings 16, with the exception of course of the two end plates.
  • the plates 2 can be braced by means of a wave 17 of the same height as the heat exchange waves 3 but of greater pitch, in order to increase the free section offered to the fluid F.
  • the stack of plates 2 forms a continuous space, which substantially doubles the section offered to the ascending two-phase fluid.
  • the liquid drops only in the regions which surmount the bars 9, and, by trickling, it collects in the cavities 10, before being discharged laterally as before.
  • FIG. 4 schematically represents a variant of a heat exchanger which applies to the structure of FIG. 2 as well as to that of FIG. 3, since it only relates to the means for evacuating the vapor F V.
  • the dome 12 is deleted, and the plates 2A (in the case of Figure 2) or 2 (in that of Figure 3) are extended upwards beyond the level N1.
  • this level N1 in each phase separation passage, that is to say in each of the passages delimited between the plates 2A ( Figure 2) or 2 ( Figure 3), there is an outlet distributor. 18 adapted to bring the vapor F V towards the middle zone of the passage.
  • the distributor 18 comprises two oblique waves 19, 20 which converge upwards to a median vertical wave 21 of triangular shape, having its point at the bottom. This wave 21 opens onto an upper outlet window, and all of the outlet windows are capped by an outlet box 22 of generally semi-cylindrical shape, from which the tubing 13 starts.
  • FIG. 4 makes it possible to treat two-phase fluids under high pressures for which the upper dome 12 is no longer acceptable.
  • Figures 5 and 6 illustrate a possibility of adaptation of the invention to the case of a descending two-phase fluid F, for example during partial vaporization against the flow of an ascending circulating auxiliary fluid F ( Figure 6).
  • Each passage 4 is closed, at its lower end, by a lower closing bar 23 whose upper face is sloping.
  • An intermediate plate 24 divides the passage 4 into two sub-passages 25, 26 from a location spaced from the bar 23.
  • the sub-passage 25 is free, while the sub-passage 26 is closed, at the edge upper of the plate 24, by a half closing bar 27.
  • the sub-passage 26 contains an outlet distributor 28, consisting ( Figure 5) of an oblique wave 29 and a horizontal wave 30, the latter opening into a lateral half-window 31. All of the half-windows are capped by an outlet box 32.
  • the two-phase fluid F is accelerated when it arrives in the sub-passage 25, then it suddenly slows down when it exceeds the lower edge of the plate 24.
  • the vapor phase F V rises in the sub-passage 26, then is evacuated via the distributor 28 and the box 32, while the liquid phase F L trickles and collects on the lower bar 23, then s' discharged laterally via an outlet box 33.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a general diagram for the purification of a gas F under pressure in a heat exchanger 1 according to the invention, by condensation of its heavy impurities.
  • the gas F circulates from bottom to top in the passages 4 of the exchanger.
  • a condensed fraction F L1 , F L2 , F L3 is withdrawn, expanded in an expansion valve 34 and returned against the current, that is to say from top to bottom, at about the same level. of the exchanger, in passages 5, to produce cold.
  • the purified gas F is returned against the current in passages 5 to recover the sensible heat.
  • Each passage 4 is subdivided in its thickness, over most of its height, by intermediate plates 35 spaced from one another.
  • the lower plate 35 starts from two lower closing half-bars 36 and, on one side (the right side in FIG. 8), the half-passage which it defines is closed by an upper closing half-bar 37, located a small distance below the upper edge of the plate 35.
  • each intermediate plate 35 comprises, same side, a lower half closing bar 36 and an upper half closing bar 37, arranged in a similar manner.
  • each passage 4 has an active part 38 (its left part in FIG. 8), for the upward circulation of the fluid F, the thickness of which is half (or, as a variant, a different fraction) of the distance which separates the two plates 2 which delimit this passage, while it is only equal to this distance in the regions 39 which separate the intermediate plates 35.
  • the fluid F introduced at the base of the passage 4 via a distributor 40, circulates at relatively high speed in the lower zone 38, then decelerates suddenly in the first zone 39, then is accelerated in the second zone 38 , And so on.
  • the successive liquid phases corresponding to increasingly light impurities, separate in the zones 39.
  • the liquids Due to the ascending speed of the fluid in the zones 38, the liquids flow in the calm part of the zones 39, that is to say in their right half, and gather in the space 41 delimited above the bars 37. These can, as before, be inclined to facilitate the lateral evacuation of liquids.
  • the spaces 42 between each pair of half-bars 36, 37 can be inactive, or else be used for the circulation of appropriate fluids.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP96400764A 1995-04-14 1996-04-09 Wärmetauscher mit gelöteten Platten Expired - Lifetime EP0738862B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9504553 1995-04-14
FR9504553A FR2733039B1 (fr) 1995-04-14 1995-04-14 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques brassees, et procede correspondant de traitement d'un fluide diphasique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0738862A1 true EP0738862A1 (de) 1996-10-23
EP0738862B1 EP0738862B1 (de) 1999-12-01

Family

ID=9478159

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96400764A Expired - Lifetime EP0738862B1 (de) 1995-04-14 1996-04-09 Wärmetauscher mit gelöteten Platten

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5682945A (de)
EP (1) EP0738862B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0979769A (de)
CN (1) CN1160185A (de)
DE (1) DE69605347T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2733039B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998008039A1 (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-02-26 Chart Marston Limited Heat exchangers
EP1008826A1 (de) * 1998-12-07 2000-06-14 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Fallstrom-Verdampfer und Luftzerlegungsvorrichtung

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19605500C1 (de) * 1996-02-14 1997-04-17 Linde Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verdampfen einer Flüssigkeit
US5775129A (en) * 1997-03-13 1998-07-07 The Boc Group, Inc. Heat exchanger
US6179051B1 (en) 1997-12-24 2001-01-30 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Distributor for plate heat exchangers
FR2796137B1 (fr) * 1999-07-07 2001-09-14 Air Liquide Vaporiseur-condenseur a bain a plaques brasees et son application a un appareil de distillation d'air
US6832647B2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2004-12-21 Modine Manufacturing Company Integrated condenser/separator for fuel cell exhaust gases
DE10302708A1 (de) * 2003-01-23 2004-07-29 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme
SE524938C2 (sv) * 2003-02-03 2004-10-26 Ep Technology Ab Värmeväxlare och metod för att torka ett fuktigt medium
JP2012533723A (ja) * 2009-07-17 2012-12-27 ロッキード マーティン コーポレーション 熱交換器及びその製造方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2154352A1 (de) * 1971-10-01 1973-05-11 Air Liquide
US4132587A (en) * 1977-05-23 1979-01-02 Ecodyne Corporation Evaporator
US4249595A (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-02-10 The Trane Company Plate type heat exchanger with bar means for flow control and structural support

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3992168A (en) * 1968-05-20 1976-11-16 Kobe Steel Ltd. Heat exchanger with rectification effect
US3797565A (en) * 1971-11-22 1974-03-19 United Aircraft Prod Refrigerated gas dryer
DE2222269C2 (de) * 1972-05-06 1984-05-24 Kobe Steel, Ltd., Kobe, Hyogo Rieselkolonne zum Rektifizieren von Flüssigkeiten
FR2547898B1 (fr) * 1983-06-24 1985-11-29 Air Liquide Procede et dispositif pour vaporiser un liquide par echange de chaleur avec un deuxieme fluide, et leur application a une installation de distillation d'air
FR2690231B1 (fr) * 1992-04-17 1994-06-03 Air Liquide Echangeur de chaleur a ruissellement et installation de distillation d'air comportant un tel echangeur.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2154352A1 (de) * 1971-10-01 1973-05-11 Air Liquide
US4132587A (en) * 1977-05-23 1979-01-02 Ecodyne Corporation Evaporator
US4249595A (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-02-10 The Trane Company Plate type heat exchanger with bar means for flow control and structural support

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998008039A1 (en) * 1996-08-20 1998-02-26 Chart Marston Limited Heat exchangers
EP1008826A1 (de) * 1998-12-07 2000-06-14 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Fallstrom-Verdampfer und Luftzerlegungsvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69605347D1 (de) 2000-01-05
US5682945A (en) 1997-11-04
EP0738862B1 (de) 1999-12-01
FR2733039B1 (fr) 1997-07-04
CN1160185A (zh) 1997-09-24
JPH0979769A (ja) 1997-03-28
DE69605347T2 (de) 2000-05-11
FR2733039A1 (fr) 1996-10-18

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