EP1008826A1 - Fallstrom-Verdampfer und Luftzerlegungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Fallstrom-Verdampfer und Luftzerlegungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1008826A1
EP1008826A1 EP99403043A EP99403043A EP1008826A1 EP 1008826 A1 EP1008826 A1 EP 1008826A1 EP 99403043 A EP99403043 A EP 99403043A EP 99403043 A EP99403043 A EP 99403043A EP 1008826 A1 EP1008826 A1 EP 1008826A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
vaporizer
passages
passage
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP99403043A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1008826B1 (de
Inventor
Marc Wagner
Jean-Yves Thonnelier
Etienne Werlen
Jean-Renaud Brugerolle
Jean-Yves Lehman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1008826A1 publication Critical patent/EP1008826A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1008826B1 publication Critical patent/EP1008826B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
    • F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
    • F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits with tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
    • F25J2250/04—Down-flowing type boiler-condenser, i.e. with evaporation of a falling liquid film
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/902—Apparatus
    • Y10S62/903—Heat exchange structure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vaporizer of the type comprising a heat exchanger body which has main passages placed in heat exchange relationship, means for forming a bath of the liquid to be sprayed so that it circulates in at least one of said first passages main, and means for introducing a refrigerant into the minus a second of said main passages so that it ensures the vaporization of the liquid.
  • the invention applies, for example, to a vaporizer-condenser for a double column air distillation installation.
  • oxygen-rich liquid from the low pressure column tank, is vaporized in the evaporator-condenser by condensation of a nitrogen-rich gas, taken off at the head of the medium pressure column.
  • an air separation device such as a double distillation column includes several types of heat exchanger heat.
  • a main heat exchanger is used to cool the supply air of the apparatus at distillation temperature by heat exchange with a or more fluids from the distillation apparatus. In some cases, these are pressurized liquids from the device that vaporize against the air at distill in the exchanger. These exchangers are normally made entirely of aluminum or copper or alloys of these metals (W095 / 28610).
  • the apparatus also comprises at least one vaporizer-condenser which is a heat exchanger placed inside or outside of the column.
  • vaporizers-condensers are usually made entirely in copper, stainless steel, nickel or aluminum and are made up of at least two circuits which are connected to the rest of the installation by means of pipes welded to the equipment.
  • Exchangers used in air separation devices include heat exchanger bodies which are often made in parallel aluminum plates with a similar outline brazed between they.
  • a oxygen-rich liquid vaporizes against a current rich in gas nitrogen (such as air or nitrogen with a purity greater than 80%).
  • EP-0795349 describes the case where such a vaporizer is combined with a thermosiphon vaporizer (bath vaporizer, i.e. a vaporizer completely immersed in the liquid where the recirculation of the liquid rich in oxygen is made thanks to the hydraulic thrust due to the difference in density between the bath and the liquid vaporizing in the passages).
  • bath vaporizer i.e. a vaporizer completely immersed in the liquid where the recirculation of the liquid rich in oxygen is made thanks to the hydraulic thrust due to the difference in density between the bath and the liquid vaporizing in the passages.
  • the liquid is distributed between many passages made up of waves vertical inserted between two sheets called separators and thus constituting thermal fins, and because of the pitch of these waves the bodies brazed plate heat exchangers have surfaces very large exchange.
  • liquid film when the whole surface is wet, the liquid film will be very thin and to avoid dry spraying at the bottom of the first passages main or in the event of a distribution fault, liquid is poured in excess in the heat exchanger body. This excess liquid forces in general to recycle liquid by means of a pump.
  • vaporizers of the aforementioned type called bath, recirculation of the liquid is also maintained to avoid dry vaporization in the top of the first main passengers.
  • US-A-5699671 further describes a vaporizer with an exchanger body vertically arranged tubular in which nitrogen gas condenses at contact of its tubes.
  • An object of the invention is to solve this problem by providing a vaporizer of the aforementioned type which limits the risk of clogging of the passage (s) dedicated to the liquid to be vaporized.
  • Another object of the invention is to minimize the recirculation of the liquid to be vaporized in vaporizers of the aforementioned type and ensure the safety of the optimal operation and performance.
  • the subject of the invention is a vaporizer of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the or each first main passage has, in current cross section to the direction of flow of the liquid to vaporize, at least one region of free flow continues sufficiently extended to allow the liquid to bypass a deposit of impurities, or, the main passages being delimited by vertical plates having a substantially similar outline, parallel and spaced apart others to form the main flat passages, at least a first main passage is either narrower than the second main passage and contains no exchange wave or auxiliary passage, either contains one or several closed auxiliary passage (s) which extend over most of the dimension of the heat exchanger body parallel to the direction of liquid to be vaporized, the walls of the passage (s) auxiliary (s) touching the plates defining the main passage.
  • all the first main passages contain at least minus a closed auxiliary passage.
  • the liquid sent into the auxiliary passage crosses the vaporizer without contacting the plates defining the first passages main.
  • the liquid should be avoided between the exterior of the auxiliary passage and the passages defined by the plates.
  • passages auxiliaries in a block of material (for example aluminum, nickel or copper). If the block has substantially the dimensions of a first pass main, the liquid will not be able to flow outside the passages auxiliaries which are cylindrical holes passing through the block.
  • the maximum width of an auxiliary passage is greater than 50% of the distance between two adjacent plates.
  • the inner surface of the auxiliary passage or each auxiliary passage includes only curved surfaces and possibly convexities.
  • the absence of cavities in the passages of the first set ("liquid" passages) never has been proposed in the prior art.
  • At least one, and preferably all, of the first main passages contain several auxiliary passages formed by a series of cylindrical tubes parallel to each other and each having a diameter at least equal to 50% of the separation between two adjacent plates.
  • At least one and preferably all of the first main passages contain several auxiliary passages consisting of tubes, each having an inner surface with at least three identical convexities and curved surfaces connecting the convexities.
  • the adjacent tubes may or may not be contiguous.
  • auxiliary passage there are means for directing liquid into the or each auxiliary passage and / or liquid distribution means constituted by predistribution openings, these openings leaving drop this liquid on a lining located above the means for direct liquid into one or each auxiliary passage.
  • the means for directing the liquid into the passages are inclined points whose ends are above inside the auxiliary passage (or passage).
  • the vaporizer can be a main exchanger which is used to cool the air purified at its distillation temperature, a sub-cooler or the vaporizer-condenser of a double column.
  • the invention also relates to an air distillation installation comprising at least one vaporizer as defined above.
  • FIG 1 illustrates a vaporizer-condenser 2 (see description of Figure 1 in EP-A-0130122).
  • the vaporizer-condenser 2 comprises a heat exchanger body formed by a sealed envelope 3 and a series of parallel vertical plates 4 made of aluminum, which define a multitude of main flat passages intended alternately for one of two fluid flows, for example, a gas flow containing 98% nitrogen at around 5 bar and a liquid flow containing 98% oxygen at around 1.5 bars.
  • pressures and purities can take other values.
  • first main passages The passages dedicated to the liquid to be vaporized are called first main passages and are marked with the letter L in the figures, while the passages dedicated to the gas to be condensed are called second passages main and are identified by the letter G in the figures.
  • the space above the plates 4 contains a bath 5 of the liquid to be vaporized from a line 6.
  • the liquid from this bath enters each first pass L through a series of perforations in a upper distribution bar 27. It then falls on a wave 26 which is a non-perforated aluminum sheet with horizontal generators (layout so-called hardway with respect to the flow of liquid oxygen) and offset partial vertical (partial vertical offset is not illustrated so as not to overload the figures) and which ensures the fine distribution of the liquid.
  • the liquid falls from the wave 26 on an upper drip 25 constituted by an aluminum strip folded with a series of triangular points 29 forming an angle of 135 ° with the plane of one of the plates 4 of the passage L considered.
  • each point 29 of the upper drip 15 is located above with a point of a lower drip 24, identical to the first but whose tips are oriented towards the other plate 4 of passage L considered.
  • the liquid to be vaporized then flows on the plates 4 of the first passage L considered in the form of a film streaming downwards.
  • the gas to be condensed enters the second passages G at by means of a pipe 9 welded in the middle of a head 8 (sometimes called “Box” or in English “headline”) semi-cylindrical.
  • the gas then flows downwards in the second passages G to cocurrent of the liquid in the first passages L, the condensation of the gas ensuring the vaporization of the liquid in the first passages L.
  • only the second passages G each contain a spacer wave 21 consisting of a sheet corrugated perforated aluminum with vertical generators (available in "Easy-way").
  • these spacer waves 21 fill also the function of thermal fins.
  • the first passages L have a thickness less than that of the second passages G.
  • the thickness of the first passages L is included between 2.5 mm and two thirds of the thickness of the second G passages.
  • the first passages L are each delimited by two plates 4 neighbors and by closing bars 30 situated between them on their side edges.
  • the first passages L are narrower than the second passages G and contain neither exchange waves nor passages auxiliaries.
  • the distance between the adjacent plates 4 of the first passages L varies between 2.5 mm and two-thirds of the separation between the plates 4 of the second passages G.
  • the first passages L have on all their length a rectangular cross section free of any obstacle and keep on going.
  • This section has a width substantially equal to the width of the plates 4 and therefore the width of the heat exchanger body, that is to say a width of about 1 meter.
  • first passages L having in cross section current, that is to say over most of their length, a region unobstructed and continuous flow that extends along a guide curve C of length greater than approximately 10 cm.
  • this guide curve C is a straight line parallel to plates 4, located between them, and about 1 m long.
  • the right C is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 5a.
  • the distance separating the two plates 4 associated with a first passage L is greater than that of the variant of Figures 1 to 5a.
  • Each sheet 29, 31 therefore comprises a series of semi-cylindrical sections joined at the ends to form a curved line.
  • Each sheet 29, 31 is carried by a plate 4.
  • the concavities of the sheets 29, 31 are directed towards each other.
  • the sheets 29 and 31 are offset transversely from each other so that the tips of each sheet are located opposite a hollow of the other sheet. So the two sheets 29 and 31 form a single auxiliary passage between them, in which all the fluid flowing in the first passage L considered.
  • the sheets 29 and 31 play the role of thermal fins and delimit thus between them the flow region of the liquid to be vaporized.
  • each first passage L extends, in its cross section, continuously and freely practically over the entire width of the heat exchanger body.
  • the mentioned guideline C above then extends between the sheets 29 and 31 following their contours.
  • the directing curve is then sinuous and has a length greater than 1 m.
  • the first passages L make it possible to limit the risks closure thanks to a sufficient transverse extent so that the liquid to be sprayed bypasses any deposits.
  • the auxiliary passages of the first passages L are formed by contiguous aluminum tubes 23.
  • the second passages G we find the generating waves 21 classic verticals.
  • the auxiliary passages of the first passages L are non-contiguous tubes having a cross section shape of clover leaves.
  • the auxiliary passage (s) includes only curved surfaces or convexities thus preventing the accumulation of impurities in the passages and making it possible to limit the liquid recirculation required in the vaporizer 2.
  • the invention is not limited to dripping film vaporizers but also applies to so-called bath vaporizers.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which the sealed envelope 3 of the vaporizer-condenser 2 comprises a ferrule 40 of vertical axis, closed by a domed dome 41 and by a bottom domed 42.
  • a bundle of tubes 44 is disposed inside the ferrule 40, coaxial therewith, to form with the ferrule 40 an exchanger body heat.
  • the tubes 44 have an outside diameter of approximately 5 mm and a thickness of about 1 mm.
  • the tubes 44 are arranged in a bundle regular, which forms in cross section (figure 7) a mesh network about 8 mm square.
  • the tubes Preferably, the tubes have a diameter outside less than 7 mm and are spaced at least 2 mm.
  • the upper ends of the tubes 44 are fixed to a plate said tubular 45 upper into which they open. Plate 45 is disposed in the dome 41. Similarly, the lower ends of the tubes 44 open into a lower tube plate 46 disposed in the bottom 42, the tubes 44 being fixed to this plate 46.
  • the space delimited by the tubular plate 45 and the dome 41 is connected to the pipe 9 for supplying gas rich in nitrogen to form means of introduction into the tubes 44 of the gas to be condensed.
  • the space delimited by the tubular plate 46 and the bottom 42 is connected to the pipe 11 for evacuating the condensed gas and to the pipe 13 for evacuating uncondensable rare gases to form means of evacuating gas condensed out of the tubes 44.
  • the tubes 44 therefore internally define the second passages G.
  • the line 6 for supplying the oxygen-rich liquid opens into the ferrule 40 under the tubular plate 45.
  • the return pipe 7 is disposed between the tube plate 45 and the pipe 6.
  • a circular distribution plate 48 is disposed under the pipe 6 transversely to the axis A of the shell 40. This plate 48 is pierced with a network of circular orifices 49 6 mm in diameter each receiving coaxially a tube 44.
  • the bath of the liquid to be vaporized is formed above the plate 48 of distribution.
  • the liquid is distributed under this plate 48 through the spaces annulars 50 delimited around the tubes 44 by the orifices 49.
  • the liquid then flows in the form of a liquid trickling on the outer surface of the tubes 44, cocurrent with gas to be condensed.
  • the vaporized liquid is returned via the line 14 to the low pressure column tank while excess oxygen liquid present above the tube plate 46 is returned by the line 16 and via a pump 51 to line 6.
  • the tubes 44 therefore delimit externally, with the ferrule 40, a only first passage L dedicated to the circulation of the liquid to be vaporized.
  • This first passage L has, in its current section, a region appreciably diametral, the straight line C of which passes through the axis A of the ferrule 40, has a length of the order of the inside diameter of the ferrule 40.
  • This internal diameter may for example be equal to approximately 1 m.
  • This embodiment of the invention therefore also makes it possible to limit the risk of blockage of the first pass L.
  • the first passage L will include in section transverse a multitude of flow regions, free of any obstacle and continuous, which will undulate between the tubes 44.
  • the guiding curves C of these regions will then be sinuous and preferably have a length greater than about 10 cm and, more preferably, greater than about 1 m.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
EP99403043A 1998-12-07 1999-12-06 Fallstrom-Verdampfer und Luftzerlegungsvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP1008826B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9815421 1998-12-07
FR9815421A FR2786858B1 (fr) 1998-12-07 1998-12-07 Echangeur de chaleur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1008826A1 true EP1008826A1 (de) 2000-06-14
EP1008826B1 EP1008826B1 (de) 2004-04-21

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EP99403043A Expired - Lifetime EP1008826B1 (de) 1998-12-07 1999-12-06 Fallstrom-Verdampfer und Luftzerlegungsvorrichtung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6695043B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1008826B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69916562T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2786858B1 (de)

Cited By (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1067347A1 (de) * 1998-10-05 2001-01-10 Nippon Sanso Corporation Kondensationsverdampfer mit niederfluss-flüssigkeitsfilm-prinzip
EP1262725A3 (de) * 2001-05-22 2003-01-08 Praxair Technology, Inc. System für Tieftemperaturkondensation und -verdampfung
WO2011084508A2 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-07-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
WO2011084516A1 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-07-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide - containing gas mixture by means of a membrane and condensing
WO2011084512A1 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-07-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
WO2011110782A1 (fr) * 2010-03-08 2011-09-15 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Echangeur de chaleur
CN102305561A (zh) * 2011-08-16 2012-01-04 李永堂 板管式换热器
WO2012048078A1 (en) 2010-10-06 2012-04-12 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Carbon dioxide removal process
US9452385B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration
US9452386B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'Air Liquide Socieété Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration

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FI111187B (fi) * 2001-10-10 2003-06-13 Matti Nurmia Normaalipaineessa toimiva prosessi hapen tai hapella rikastetun ilman tuottamiseksi
FR2839153B1 (fr) 2002-04-25 2005-01-14 Air Liquide Procede et installation d'echantillonnage de liquides cryogeniques, et unite de separation d'air pourvue d'au moins une telle installation
EP1809966B1 (de) * 2004-10-13 2011-07-27 York International Corporation Fallfilmverdampfer
US7421856B2 (en) 2005-06-17 2008-09-09 Praxair Technology, Inc. Cryogenic air separation with once-through main condenser
US20070028649A1 (en) * 2005-08-04 2007-02-08 Chakravarthy Vijayaraghavan S Cryogenic air separation main condenser system with enhanced boiling and condensing surfaces
US20070180855A1 (en) * 2006-02-09 2007-08-09 Butts Properties, Ltd. Downflow knockback condenser
EP2097687A2 (de) * 2006-12-21 2009-09-09 Johnson Controls Technology Company Dünnschichtverdampfer mit haube und flussverteiler
CN101903714B (zh) * 2008-01-11 2012-08-15 江森自控科技公司 蒸汽压缩系统
US8382886B2 (en) * 2008-08-19 2013-02-26 Canyon West Energy, Llc Cavitation phase separators for steam-based generating systems
US20110056664A1 (en) * 2009-09-08 2011-03-10 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vapor compression system
US10209013B2 (en) 2010-09-03 2019-02-19 Johnson Controls Technology Company Vapor compression system
US9683784B2 (en) 2012-01-27 2017-06-20 Carrier Corporation Evaporator and liquid distributor
DE102018005505A1 (de) * 2018-07-11 2020-01-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Wärmeübertrager mit Block als Fallfilmverdampfer und Verfahren zur indirekten Wärmeübertragung

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EP1067347A1 (de) * 1998-10-05 2001-01-10 Nippon Sanso Corporation Kondensationsverdampfer mit niederfluss-flüssigkeitsfilm-prinzip
EP1067347A4 (de) * 1998-10-05 2002-08-14 Nippon Oxygen Co Ltd Kondensationsverdampfer mit niederfluss-flüssigkeitsfilm-prinzip
EP1262725A3 (de) * 2001-05-22 2003-01-08 Praxair Technology, Inc. System für Tieftemperaturkondensation und -verdampfung
US8663364B2 (en) 2009-12-15 2014-03-04 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Étude et l'Éxploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
WO2011084516A1 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-07-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide - containing gas mixture by means of a membrane and condensing
WO2011084512A1 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-07-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
WO2011084508A2 (en) 2009-12-15 2011-07-14 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
US8734569B2 (en) 2009-12-15 2014-05-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of obtaining carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide-containing gas mixture
EP3395428A2 (de) 2009-12-15 2018-10-31 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Verfahren zur gewinnung von kohlenstoffdioxid aus einem kohlenstoffdioxidhaltigen gasgemisch
WO2011110782A1 (fr) * 2010-03-08 2011-09-15 L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Echangeur de chaleur
WO2012048078A1 (en) 2010-10-06 2012-04-12 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Carbon dioxide removal process
US8911535B2 (en) 2010-10-06 2014-12-16 L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Carbon dioxide removal process
CN102305561A (zh) * 2011-08-16 2012-01-04 李永堂 板管式换热器
US9452385B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration
US9452386B1 (en) 2015-03-04 2016-09-27 L'Air Liquide Socieété Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Hybrid membrane and adsorption-based system and process for recovering CO2 from flue gas and using combustion air for adsorbent regeneration

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EP1008826B1 (de) 2004-04-21
US6695043B1 (en) 2004-02-24
DE69916562T2 (de) 2005-05-12
FR2786858B1 (fr) 2001-01-19
DE69916562D1 (de) 2004-05-27

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