EP1082781B1 - Antennenarray mit mehreren vertikal übereinander angeordneten primärstrahler-modulen - Google Patents
Antennenarray mit mehreren vertikal übereinander angeordneten primärstrahler-modulen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1082781B1 EP1082781B1 EP99926351A EP99926351A EP1082781B1 EP 1082781 B1 EP1082781 B1 EP 1082781B1 EP 99926351 A EP99926351 A EP 99926351A EP 99926351 A EP99926351 A EP 99926351A EP 1082781 B1 EP1082781 B1 EP 1082781B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radiator
- modules
- antenna array
- radiators
- primary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
- H01Q21/10—Collinear arrangements of substantially straight elongated conductive units
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
Definitions
- the invention relates to an antenna array with several primary radiator modules arranged vertically one above the other according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Antenna arrays with vertically stacked primary radiators are known as such.
- dual Polarized antennas can stack these arranged primary radiator two orthogonal polarizations radiate or receive.
- these can Primary radiators, which are arranged in an array also be referred to as primary radiator modules.
- modules can consist of simple dipoles, Slots, planar emitter elements or so-called patch emitters consist, for example, of EP 0 685 900 A1 or from the previous publication "antennas, 2. Part, Bibliographical Institute, Manheim / Vienna / Zurich, 1970, pp. 47 to 50 "are known.
- dipoles arranged in a cross shape are preferred or double dipole arrangements, which in plan view have a square structure (dipole square) used.
- Dual polarized antennas are also, for example known from WO 98/01923.
- multi-range antennas which different primary radiators for different frequency ranges be interconnected with the aim of Frequency range extension of the antenna.
- a disadvantage of the previously known designs is that there is an undefined phase position of the primary radiators and also a defined interconnection of different ones Primary emitters to arrays for the purpose of the defined Influencing the radiation characteristics is not known from this difficulty.
- a To create antenna array which is at least two vertical superimposed primary radiator modules comprises, and in which one with comparatively simple means improved realization of a desired horizontal Half-width of the antenna array is possible.
- the modules for optimizing the vertical diagram for example for the targeted reduction of the side lobes, can be applied. According to the invention this is thereby allowing the at least two used Primary emitter modules different horizontal and have vertical half-widths. By interconnection of these at least two different primary radiator modules becomes a linear, vertically stacked array the setting of the horizontal half width of the whole antenna allows.
- the antennas according to the invention can be used using Primary radiator modules are constructed from double dipoles and single dipoles exist.
- the invention is the same for dual polarized antennas applicable, for example with a +/- 45 ° polarization orientation work (so-called X-arrays).
- polarization alignment can be achieved by such Combination of cross dipoles (horizontal full width at half maximum of, for example, approx. 85 °) and dipole squares (With a horizontal half-width of, for example approx. 65 °) a resulting horizontal half-width of approx. 75 ° can be generated and used.
- the different groups of primary radiator modules significantly different horizontal half-widths on that is more than 5 °, especially more differ from each other as 10 °, 15 ° or 20 °.
- the primary radiators can of the invention consist of dual polarized radiators.
- the primary radiators can consist of dipole squares and Cross dipoles be formed.
- the antenna according to the invention can be used for sending or receiving used in various frequency ranges become. Such is usually the case in the mobile radio sector Antenna in a frequency band from 1.71 to 1.90 GHz operated, i.e. at a center frequency of approx. 1.80 GHz.
- FIGs 1 and 2 is a schematic perspective Top view or in a horizontal side view first embodiment of an antenna array according to the invention with several vertically one above the other Shown primary radiator modules, this antenna array subsequently also partially as a linear, vertically bushed Antenna array is called.
- This antenna array thus comprises radiator modules 1 and 3, which in front of a, in the embodiment shown, rectangular Shaped reflector 5 are arranged, with its larger longitudinal extent aligned in the vertical direction is.
- the reflector is conductive.
- this is a common one Feed network provided, about which the first and second Group of radiator modules 1, 3 with a defined power and phase for shaping the vertical radiation characteristic be fed.
- the first radiator module 1 exists thereby from several dipoles 1a, namely in the exemplary embodiment shown of four dipoles 1a, which in the manner of a Dipole squares are arranged.
- the dipoles 1a are over a so-called symmetry 7 with respect to the reflector or a circuit board located behind it mechanically and electrically via the mentioned food network contacted, so fed.
- radiator modules 1 and 3 are designed so that the length of the dipole elements in is approximately the same and on the desired frequency range is coordinated. Due to the orthogonal orientation of the Dipole elements 1a (for the first radiator module 1) or 3a (for the second radiator module 3, what follows is a dual polarized in a known manner Antenna (also called X-polarized antenna for short) created, in which the dipoles 1a and 3a each in an angle of + 45 ° and -45 ° to the vertical (or equally with respect to the horizontal) are.
- Antenna also called X-polarized antenna for short
- the reflector plate itself points in the horizontal direction of radiation one each, in the exemplary embodiment shown perpendicular to the plane of the reflector plate 5 in a certain height-increasing reflector edge 6, whereby the radiation diagram in an advantageous manner can be influenced.
- radiator modules 3 Staggered between those formed like a dipole square Radiator modules 1 are now radiator modules 3. These second radiator modules 3 are shown in the Embodiment not as dipole squares, but formed in the shape of a cross dipole. The two orthogonal Dipoles 3a standing on top of each other are also again, like the symmetry 9 assigned to them the reflector or a circuit board behind it mechanically supported and electrically powered.
- the vertical distance between two neighboring radiator modules 1 and 3 always corresponds to half the distance between two radiator modules 1 or two radiator modules 3. With in other words, there is always a radiator module in one group in the middle between the vertical distance between two radiator modules the other group.
- Both groups of radiator modules 1 and 3 are marked by a common dining network with a defined performance and phase for shaping the vertical radiation characteristic fed.
- both radiator modules operated in the same frequency range.
- dipole elements for example in the form of Cross dipoles, dipole squares, etc., thus have the dipoles as usual about the same length.
- the individual dipole elements 1a, 3a are not at the same common height.
- Prefers is the distance between the plane of the reflector 5 and the level of dipoles 1a and 3a no more than one Wavelength and not less than 1/20 of the wavelength.
- Particularly favorable areas arise when the Distance between the reflector 5 and the plane of the dipole elements 1a, 3a not more than 40% of the wavelength, preferably is not more than 30% of the wavelength.
- the wavelength is the operating wavelength, based on the operating frequency or the frequency band range the antenna in which it is operated becomes.
- the antenna operated in a range from 1.71 GHz to about 1.90 GHz will have a center frequency of approximately 1.80 GHz.
- Such antennas are used in the mobile radio sector used.
- the dipoles 1a do not have to the same distance from the reflector 5 as the dipoles 3a are located, as can also be seen in FIG. 2.
- a dual polarized Antenna with, for example, +/- 45 ° polarization alignment leads the combination of the radiator modules 1 in Form of cross dipoles with a horizontal half-width of, for example, approx. 85 ° with the radiator modules 3 in the form of the dipole squares mentioned with a horizontal Half-width of about 65 ° to a resulting horizontal half-width of the entire dual polarized 75 ° antenna.
- the following is a modified embodiment 3 and 4, in which the first and second group of radiator modules not from +/- 45 ° dual polarized primary radiator modules 1, 3, but consists of linearly polarized radiator modules 1, 3.
- the radiator modules 1 consist of vertical ones Directional dipoles 1a that are horizontal arranged side by side with double offset are.
- Primary radiator modules 1 are in between each arranged linearly polarized radiator modules 3, each consisting of a vertically aligned dipole 3a exist.
- the symmetrizations 7 are also shown in FIG. 3 for the radiator modules 1 and the symmetrizations 9 for the Radiator modules 3 can be seen.
- the structure of the antenna is symmetrical to a horizontal plane, i.e. the Number of radiator modules 3 is odd (in this Embodiment consisting of three modules), whereas the radiator modules 1 at intervals between them only occur twice.
- the radiator modules 1 consist of doubly provided and arranged horizontally next to each other with a lateral offset Patch spotlights, whereas the second group belonging patch heaters are only provided. Also otherwise the structure of the antenna array thus formed comparable to the previous exemplary embodiments, being the distance between the plane of the reflector 5 and the level of the patch radiator elements as is known is less.
- the same number of primary radiator modules 1 of the first Type and primary radiator modules 3 of the second type are provided , or this number can preferably be distinguish one, creating a symmetrical antenna structure is also formed to a horizontal plane.
Description
- Figur 1 :
- eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Antennenarrays;
- Figur 2 :
- eine Seitenansicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 1;
- Figur 3 :
- eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines abgewandelten erfindungsgemäßen Antennenarrays in Form von Linearstrahlern;
- Figur 4 :
- eine Seitenansicht des Ausführungsbeispieles gemäß Figur 3; und
- Figur 5 :
- eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Antennenarrays in Form eines Patchstrahlers.
Claims (12)
- Antennenarray bestehend aus zumindest zwei vertikal übereinander angeordneten Strahlermodulen oder Strahlern (1, 3), welche sich vor einem Reflektor (5) befinden und durch ein vorzugsweise gemeinsames Speisenetzwerk mit einer definierte Leistung und Phase gespeist werden, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmalees ist zumindest ein erstes Primärstrahler-Modul oder ein erster Strahler (1) ersten Typs und zumindest ein zweites Primärstrahler-Modul oder ein zweiter Strahler (3) zweiten Typs vorgesehen, die im Abstand vertikal übereinander angeordnet sind,das zumindest eine oder die mehreren Primärstrahler-Module oder der zumindest eine erste Strahler (1) ersten Typs weisen gegenüber dem zumindest einen oder den mehreren Primärstrahler-Modulen oder dem zumindest einen zweiten Strahler (3) zweiten Typs eine unterschiedliche horizontale Halbwertsbreite auf, wodurch eine davon unterschiedliche horizontale Gesamthalbwertsbreite der Gesamtantenne erzielbar ist, unddas zumindest eine oder die mehreren Primärstrahler-Module oder der zumindest eine erste Strahler (1) ersten Typs weisen gegenüber dem zumindest einen oder den mehreren Primärstrahler-Modulen oder dem zumindest einen zweiten Strahler (3) zweiten Typs eine unterschiedliche konstruktive Gestaltung auf.
- Antennenarray mit zumindest einem ersten und zumindest einem zweiten Strahler (1, 3), die vertikal übereinander vor einem Reflektor (5) angeordnet sind und in gleicher Richtung abstrahlen, gekennzeichnet durch die folgenden Merkmaleder erste Strahler (1) unterscheidet sich von dem zweiten Strahler (3) in konstruktiver Hinsicht,der erste Strahler (1) weist gegenüber dem zweiten Strahler (3) eine unterschiedliche horizontale Halbwertsbreite auf, undim gemeinsamen Betrieb des ersten Strahlers (1) und des zweiten Strahlers (3) bilden diese eine Gesamthalbwertsbreite, die sowohl zu der Halbwertsbreite des ersten Strahlers (1) als auch der Halbwertsbreite des zweiten Strahlers (3) bei Alleinbetrieb unterschiedlich ist.
- Antennenarray nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Halbwertsbreiten der primärstrahler-Module oder der ersten und zweiten Strahler (1, 3) um zumindest 10°, vorzugsweise um zumindest 20°, 25° oder 30° voneinander unterscheiden.
- Antennenarray nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere erste Primärstrahler-Module oder erste Strahler (1) und mehrere zweite Primärstrahler-Module oder zweite Strahler (3) vorgesehen sind, die abwechselnd vertikal übereinander angeordnet sind.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zumindest eine erste Primärstrahler-Modul bzw. der zumindest eine erste Strahler (1) und das zumindest eine zweite Primärstrahler-Modul bzw. der zumindest eine zweite Strahler (3) linear polarisierte Antennen sind.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zumindest eine erste Primärstrahler-Modul bzw. der zumindest eine erste Strahler (1) aus Doppeldipolen und das zumindest eine zweite Primärstrahler-Modul bzw. der zumindest eine zweite Strahler (3) aus Einzeldipolen bestehen.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zumindest eine erste sowie der zumindest eine zweite Primärstrahler-Modul bzw. der zumindest eine erste sowie der zumindest eine zweite Strahler (1, 3) aus dual polarisierten Antennen bestehen.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einem dual polarisierten Antennenmodul die ersten Primärstrahler-Module bzw. ersten Strahler (1) aus Dipolquadraten (1a) und die zweiten Primärstrahler-Module bzw. die zweiten Strahler (3) aus Kreuzdipolen (3a) bestehen.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten und zweiten Primärstrahler-Module bzw. ersten und zweiten Strahler (1, 3) aus Patchstrahlern bestehen.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Primärstrahler-Module bzw. Strahler (1) aus Dipolen (1a, 3a) und die zweiten Primärstrahler-Module bzw. Strahler (3) aus Patchstrahlern bestehen.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Antennenarray aus einer Kombination von Strahlern besteht, die mehr als zwei verschiedene, sich in konstruktiver Hinsicht unterscheidende Typen umfassen.
- Antennenarray nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anzahl der ersten Primärstrahler-Module bzw. Strahler (1) gerade und die Anzahl der zweiten Primärstrahler-Module bzw. Strahler (3) ungerade ist oder umgekehrt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19823750 | 1998-05-27 | ||
DE19823750A DE19823750A1 (de) | 1998-05-27 | 1998-05-27 | Antennenarray mit mehreren vertikal übereinander angeordneten Primärstrahler-Modulen |
PCT/EP1999/003483 WO1999062138A1 (de) | 1998-05-27 | 1999-05-20 | Antennenarray mit mehreren vertikal übereinander angeordneten primärstrahler-modulen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1082781A1 EP1082781A1 (de) | 2001-03-14 |
EP1082781B1 true EP1082781B1 (de) | 2002-03-06 |
Family
ID=7869118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99926351A Expired - Lifetime EP1082781B1 (de) | 1998-05-27 | 1999-05-20 | Antennenarray mit mehreren vertikal übereinander angeordneten primärstrahler-modulen |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6339407B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1082781B1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100697942B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1134860C (de) |
AU (1) | AU751894B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9910712A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2331416C (de) |
DE (2) | DE19823750A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2174613T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1038281A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999062138A1 (de) |
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DE102016123997A1 (de) | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-14 | Kathrein Werke Kg | Dipolstrahlermodul |
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DE19627015C2 (de) * | 1996-07-04 | 2000-07-13 | Kathrein Werke Kg | Antennenfeld |
SE508513C2 (sv) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-10-12 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Mikrostripantenn samt gruppantenn |
SE508537C2 (sv) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-10-12 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Dubbelpolariserad antenn för mottagning och sändning av elektromagnetiska signaler |
US5905465A (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1999-05-18 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Antenna system |
AU4505597A (en) | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-23 | Raytheon Ti Systems, Inc. | Dual polarized microstrip patch antenna array for pcs base stations |
-
1998
- 1998-05-27 DE DE19823750A patent/DE19823750A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-05-20 ES ES99926351T patent/ES2174613T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-20 AU AU43648/99A patent/AU751894B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-05-20 KR KR1020007010784A patent/KR100697942B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-05-20 CA CA002331416A patent/CA2331416C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-05-20 EP EP99926351A patent/EP1082781B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-20 DE DE59900948T patent/DE59900948D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-20 BR BR9910712-0A patent/BR9910712A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-05-20 CN CNB998066605A patent/CN1134860C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-20 US US09/673,726 patent/US6339407B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-05-20 WO PCT/EP1999/003483 patent/WO1999062138A1/de active IP Right Grant
-
2001
- 2001-12-14 HK HK01108805A patent/HK1038281A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7075498B2 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2006-07-11 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Stationary mobile radio antenna |
DE102004025904B4 (de) * | 2004-05-27 | 2007-04-05 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Antenne |
DE102016123997A1 (de) | 2016-12-09 | 2018-06-14 | Kathrein Werke Kg | Dipolstrahlermodul |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1303529A (zh) | 2001-07-11 |
BR9910712A (pt) | 2001-01-30 |
ES2174613T3 (es) | 2002-11-01 |
CA2331416A1 (en) | 1999-12-02 |
AU4364899A (en) | 1999-12-13 |
DE59900948D1 (de) | 2002-04-11 |
DE19823750A1 (de) | 1999-12-09 |
US6339407B1 (en) | 2002-01-15 |
KR100697942B1 (ko) | 2007-03-20 |
HK1038281A1 (en) | 2002-03-08 |
KR20010042251A (ko) | 2001-05-25 |
AU751894B2 (en) | 2002-08-29 |
CN1134860C (zh) | 2004-01-14 |
EP1082781A1 (de) | 2001-03-14 |
WO1999062138A1 (de) | 1999-12-02 |
CA2331416C (en) | 2002-12-10 |
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