EP1078836A1 - Actuating device for a discharge door for hopper cars - Google Patents

Abstract

The drive device includes a self-locking transmission (11), fitted between the power transmission members (9) of a closing pushrod (4) and a hand wheel (10). The self-locking transmission has different degrees of roughness on its opposite tooth flanks, so that one turning direction brakes it and the other locks it.

Description

The invention relates to a drive device for the discharge opening of Bulk goods wagon according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bulk wagons are vehicles used to transport fine and coarse-grained Loads are provided. These vehicles have vehicles to hold the load a container, the upper opening of which is closed by a swivel roof and for Loading is used and from one or more funnel-shaped lower openings exists, which are used to unload the cargo.

Closure devices are known at the lower discharge opening which close the slide of the rectangular or square discharge opening by means of mechanical devices. The slide is mounted above and to the side of the unloading opening. The locking surface of the slide is connected to the bearing by means of spars attached on both sides.
When closed and loaded, the load lies on the slide. For unloading, the slide must be pivoted about its storage in order to open the unloading opening and to allow the cargo to flow out.

The following situations occur during an opening and closing process:
In the outflow process, the load presses against the closing surface of the slide and thus supports the opening process. Depending on the flow properties of the load and the loading height in the container, this force can reach very large values and accelerate the slide uncontrollably. When the load has flowed out, the slide has reached a large inclination due to the pivoting movement. Its own weight creates a force that would cause the slide to run back again. This automatic backward running is prevented by suitable mechanical locks that have to be released manually. In order to generate the swiveling movement, a torque must be applied to the slide. The force required for the torque is generated by muscle power or electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic auxiliary energy. Depending on the available types of energy, a combination of the aforementioned options can also be used.

Schließen". Nachteilig bei dieser Lösung ist, dass im Öffnungsprozeß der Schieber (Drehen am Handrad) bei jedem Umgreifen des Bedieners der Schieber durch das Eigengewicht um den Betrag eines Zahnes der Sperrscheibe zurtickläuft. Andererseits kann bei sehr gutem Fließverhalten das Ausfließen des Ladegutes den Öffnungsprozeß stark unterstützen und den gesamten Antrieb beschleunigen, so daß das Handrad selbsttätig und unkontrollierbar dreht. Nach Erreichen der Offenstellung" wird der Schieber durch die Sperrscheibe in dieser Lage fixiert. Zum Verschließen muß der Sperrhebel aus der Sperrscheibe gelöst werden und der Schieber läuft selbsttätig durch sein Eigengewicht zu. Auch in diesem Fall dreht sich das Handrad unkontrollierbar. Diese selbsttätige Bewegung des Schiebers, die sich bis zum Handrad fortsetzt, stellt eine große Gefährdung des Bedienpersonals dar, wie auch für die Bauteile des Schieberantriebes. Aus dem Einsatz der Fahrzeuge ist bekannt, daß das selbsttätige Drehen des Handrades zu schweren Verletzungen des Bedieners geführt haben, weil versucht wurde, das schnell laufende Handrad mit den Händen zu bremsen.For example, it is known that such a bulk goods wagon has a handwheel for generating force, the force is increased via a spur gear and is guided to the slide via a linkage. The linkage is articulated on the slide bars and connected at a defined distance from the fulcrum. In a known embodiment, a toothed locking disk with a locking lever is provided on the gearbox output shaft as a safeguard against automatic backward movement of the slide. This locking disc only inhibits the movement in one direction of rotation

A disadvantage of this solution is that in the opening process of the slide (turning the handwheel), each time the operator grips the slide, the weight runs back by the amount of a tooth of the locking disk. On the other hand, with very good flow behavior, the outflow of the load can cause the opening process strongly support and accelerate the entire drive, so that the handwheel turns automatically and uncontrollably The slide is fixed in this position by the locking disc. To lock the locking lever must be released from the locking disc and the slide closes automatically due to its own weight. In this case too, the handwheel turns uncontrollably. This automatic movement of the slide, the Continuing up to the handwheel poses a great danger to the operating personnel, as well as to the components of the slide drive. From the use of the vehicles it is known that the automatic turning of the handwheel led to serious injuries to the operator because attempts were made to do this quickly Braking running handwheel with your hands.

The object of the invention is to provide a drive device for the discharge opening of To create bulk goods wagons that do not automatically move in either direction, leads to uncontrollable or backward movements and thereby the Occupational safety of the operating personnel increases, a self-destruction of the Prevents drive components and thus improves the operational readiness of the vehicles, the course of movement in the two directions of rotation also differing in strength can be trained.

The problem is solved in that such a gear is arranged between the operator's force application point, for example the handwheel, and the locking slide, which only allows a rotary movement at the gear output when a rotary movement is applied to the gear input. In this case, for example, a handwheel is attached to the transmission input, while conventional power transmission elements, such as shaft, lever and push rods, are arranged at the transmission output towards the locking slide. For example, the escapement is achieved by worm gear or spur gear with extreme helical teeth. The strength of the escapement can be adapted to the respective requirements by the choice of the toothing geometry and lubricant in the engagement area of the toothing. The setting range extends from light braking to absolute blockage at the transmission output when torque is applied to the transmission output. For example, the combination is also possible that only braking in one direction of rotation and blocking in the other direction of rotation when a torque acts on the transmission output.
The arrangement of such a transmission ensures that, on the one hand, the load and, on the other hand, the weight of the slide cannot exert an accelerating effect on the closure drive, the components are protected against excessive stress and the operation of the drive is made safer for the personnel.

Fig. 1:

eine Seitenansicht des Schüttgutwagens,

Fig. 2:

die Draufsicht auf den schematisch dargestellten Antrieb der Verschlußeinrichtung,

Fig. 3:

eine Einzelheit aus dem Getriebeausschnitt,

Fig. 4:

die Ansicht B nach Fig. 2,

Fig. 5:

den Schnitt C-C nach Fig. 2.

The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. The associated drawings show in:

Fig. 1:

a side view of the bulk goods wagon,

Fig. 2:

the top view of the schematically illustrated drive of the closure device,

Fig. 3:

a detail from the gearbox cutout,

Fig. 4:

the view B of FIG. 2,

Fig. 5:

the section CC of FIG. 2nd

1, a container 1 is used to hold the cargo. A pivoting roof 2 closes the upper loading opening. At the bottom, the container 1 opens into four funnel-shaped openings 3. An unloading opening 8 is closed from below by a pivotable slide 4. The slide 4 pivots about a bearing 5 arranged on the side of the funnel-shaped opening 3. A spar 7 establishes the connection between a closure surface 6 of the slide 4 and the bearing 5. The force required to pivot the slide 4 is generated in this example by muscle power via a handwheel 10. A gear 11 amplifies this force and transmits it via power transmission elements 9 to the spar 7 of the slide 4. The gear 11 is designed in such a way that, starting from the slide 4, a torque is present at the output of the gear 11 and the moment within the toothing is reduced or completely eliminated by friction.
In principle, this friction process is shown in Fig. 3. The handwheel 10 is arranged on the drive part 12, which corresponds to a transmission drive shaft 16. An output part 13 at the output of the gear 11 corresponds to a gear output shaft 14. The gear output shaft 14 is articulated to the spar 7 via a lever 15 and a coupling rod 17 movably arranged thereon according to FIG. Movement of the driven part 13 is only possible if the drive part 12 is moved. Conversely, when force is exerted on the driven part 13, movement of the drive part 12 is impossible or can only be achieved by excessive addition of lubricants. When using a known worm gear or extremely helical spur gear, this principle is implemented in an endless, continuous movement.

List of the reference symbols used

1

container

2nd

Roof (swiveling)

3rd

funnel-shaped opening

4th

Slider (swiveling)

5

storage

6

Closure surface

7

Spars

8th

Discharge opening

9

Power transmission link

10th

Handwheel

11

transmission

12th

Drive part

13

Stripping section

14

Gearbox output shaft

15

lever

16

Gearbox drive shaft

17th

Coupling rod

Claims (3)

Drive device for the lower unloading opening (8) of bulk goods wagons, consisting of slide gate (4), mechanical force transmission elements (9), Handwheel (10) [force introduction point] and gear (11), characterized in that that between the power transmission members (9) of a slide gate (4) and a handwheel (10) arranged gear (11) as a self-locking gear (11) is trained. Drive of closure devices according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear (11) consists of a gear transmission. Drive according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the opposite tooth flanks of the self-locking gear (11) have different degrees of roughness.

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