EP1077097B1 - Utilisation d'aérogels en plastique et/ou en carbone comme matériau de noyeau - Google Patents

Utilisation d'aérogels en plastique et/ou en carbone comme matériau de noyeau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1077097B1
EP1077097B1 EP00116659A EP00116659A EP1077097B1 EP 1077097 B1 EP1077097 B1 EP 1077097B1 EP 00116659 A EP00116659 A EP 00116659A EP 00116659 A EP00116659 A EP 00116659A EP 1077097 B1 EP1077097 B1 EP 1077097B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gel
use according
plastic
sol
molding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00116659A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1077097A1 (fr
Inventor
Lorenz Ratke
Hans-Peter Titan-Aluminium-Feinguss GmbH Nicolai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TITAN-ALUMINIUM-FEINGUSS GmbH
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
Original Assignee
TITAN-ALUMINIUM-FEINGUSS GmbH
Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Publication date
Application filed by TITAN-ALUMINIUM-FEINGUSS GmbH, Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV filed Critical TITAN-ALUMINIUM-FEINGUSS GmbH
Publication of EP1077097A1 publication Critical patent/EP1077097A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1077097B1 publication Critical patent/EP1077097B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of plastic / carbon aerogels as the core material in molding.
  • Cavities within the mold must be stable using a core be preformed. Such cores are usually because of there prevailing high thermal and mechanical stress plastic-bonded ceramic powders. Disadvantage of Today's core manufacturing process is that removal the cores from the casting are only possible with extremely great effort (e.g. combustion in an autoclave), the distribution of the sands in the core is inhomogeneous, crack germs exist, which among other things break under can lead to thermal-mechanical stress.
  • Core materials made of carbonized plastic foam, which under Using foaming agents are e.g. known from DE 3004466 A.
  • Aerogels are highly porous, open-pore oxidic solids that are found in the Rule about sol-gel processes from metal alkoxides by polymerization, Polycondensation to gels and subsequent supercritical drying be won. For a few years now, too Gelling plastics using sol-gel processes and by supercritical Convert drying into a highly porous organic solid (see for example DE 195 23 382 A1, DE 694 09 161 T2 and US-A-5,086,085). Pyrolysis of such plastic aerogels under protective gas or in a vacuum at temperatures above 1000 ° C this converts to carbon aerogels around.
  • plastic and Carbon aerogels have extremely low effective thermal conductivities (In the order of a few mW / K / m) and are considerably lighter.
  • the physical and mechanical properties of plastic and carbon aerogels are documented in the literature (R.W. Pekala, C.T. Alviso, F.M. Kong, S.S. Hulsey; J. Non-Cryst. Solids 145 (1992) 90; R.W. Pekala, C.T. Alviso, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 270 (1992) 3; R. Petricevic, G. Reichenauer, V. Bock, A. Emmerling, J. Fricke; J.Non-Cryst.Solids (1998)). They can be characterized by the raw materials, their mixture and the manufacturing process vary widely.
  • the above object is achieved in a first embodiment through the use of highly porous, open-pored plastic and / or Carbon aerogels, obtainable by sol-gel polymerization of organic plastic materials as the core material for molding.
  • Cores of any shape can be produced because the starting solution in a corresponding negative form is inserted and gelled (as material PTFE is particularly suitable for these shapes). It can also through professional adjustment of the composition and gelling conditions the transition from sol to solid gel can be delayed so that A highly viscous, flowable mass is created, which is introduced into every shape can be. It is also possible to use ceramic powder and fiber add to the sol if this is due to the expected mechanical stress appears necessary.
  • the aerogels produced according to the invention are particularly suitable as cores for the formation of cavities when casting aluminum alloys (whereby the mold is practically not heated must, since there is no heat dissipation by them). This increases the economy because energy costs can be reduced. Magnesium- and titanium alloys also don’t react with carbon, so that these carbon aerogels are also suitable for these alloys Offer protective gas or vacuum as the core.
  • a particular advantage of aerogels is that the sol-gel formation can be completed at room temperature.
  • a supercritical Drying, as with the purely inorganic gels, is not necessary. Nevertheless, it is possible to change the pore size in the micrometer range adjust. When drying in the supercritical temperature range pore sizes in the nanometer range are also possible.
  • the aerogels can also be inorganic or organic Contain filler materials, especially fiber materials. This includes become stable materials which are essentially inert under solidification conditions Roger that.
  • Inorganic filler materials of any grain size are selected, for example, from aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, Zirconium oxide and quartz and their mixtures, each in an amount from 5 to 30% by volume, in particular up to 60% by volume can.
  • organic fillers for example thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic particles, for example to use polystyrene.
  • these materials also melted out during the pyrolysis of the plastic gels or be burned. With the help of such materials, however the shrinkage can be checked during pyrolysis.
  • Plastic aerogels based on resorcinol / formaldehyde are used with a suitable composition and suitable content of basic Catalyst at temperatures between 20 and 50 ° C without supercritical Dried transferred to a microstructured plastic airgel can be.
  • the composition is the gelling reaction adjustable so that, for example, a highly viscous one Liquid is formed which becomes more solid with time / temperature.
  • the cores used according to the invention are particularly suitable for Use in lost wax processes.
  • the desired shapes are made using the usual techniques with the cores and the melt filled and the melt solidified. With the usual Casting techniques, heat is dissipated via the molded shell or the molding sand.
  • the cores obtained in this way are produced using conventional techniques Wax models used.
  • Wax models used.
  • those after today Core materials customary in the prior art do not absorb heat through the airgel cores because of their effective thermal conductivity is typically only a few mW / km. Thermal loads and thus thermal stresses do not occur in the core body on.
  • the airgel cores can be removed by pyrolysis or high-pressure water jet, but also through wetting fluids such as silicone oil, which Fluidize airgel, remove easily from the casting.
  • the gelation temperature and the density of the resulting porous body produce cores for molds, both as plastic and also as carbon airgel, which is superficial on a micrometer scale are smooth and show sharp contours.
  • Production of molds up to plastic airgel a maximum of 24 hours. Pyrolysis in the absence of air takes place in short times (that of the thickness of the mold is determined; with a 1 cm core the time is for example 24 hours).
  • the shrinkage takes place in the two process steps always isotropic and is only a few percent (the Shrinkage can be reduced by the appropriate choice of composition of the sol, as well as the drying conditions) and is therefore manageable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Utilisation d'aérogels à base de matière plastique et/ou de carbone, très poreux, à pores ouverts, que l'on peut obtenir par polymérisation sol-gel de produits synthétiques organiques, comme matériau de noyau pour le moulage.
  2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les aérogels contiennent des charges minérales ou organiques, en particulier sous la forme de poudre ou de fibres.
  3. Utilisation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les charges minérales sont choisies parmi l'oxyde d'aluminium, le dioxyde de titane, la zircone, le quartz et leurs mélanges, en particulier en une proportion de 5 à 60 % en volume.
  4. Utilisation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les charges sont choisies parmi des particules de matières plastiques thermoplastiques ou thermodurcissables, en particulier de polystyrène.
  5. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, qui fait intervenir un sol-gel de résorcine/formaldéhyde et un catalyseur de polymérisation basique, en particulier l'hydroxyde d'ammonium et/ou le carbonate de sodium.
  6. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, où :
    a) on remplit un moule négatif d'un noyau d'une composition convenant pour un sol de matière plastique et d'un catalyseur approprié,
    b) on transforme le sol en un gel,
    c) on introduit d'une manière connue en soi le gel solidifié dans des modèles en cire habituels de coulée de précision et de moulage, et
    d) on élimine le gel.
  7. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, où l'on élimine le gel au moyen d'un jet d'eau à haute pression.
  8. Utilisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, où l'on élimine le gel par pyrolyse à une température d'au moins 1000 °C en l'espace de 24 heures.
EP00116659A 1999-08-18 2000-08-02 Utilisation d'aérogels en plastique et/ou en carbone comme matériau de noyeau Expired - Lifetime EP1077097B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19939062 1999-08-18
DE19939062A DE19939062A1 (de) 1999-08-18 1999-08-18 Verwendung von Kunststoff/Kohlenstoff-Aerogelen als Kernwerkstoff

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1077097A1 EP1077097A1 (fr) 2001-02-21
EP1077097B1 true EP1077097B1 (fr) 2004-02-11

Family

ID=7918729

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00116659A Expired - Lifetime EP1077097B1 (fr) 1999-08-18 2000-08-02 Utilisation d'aérogels en plastique et/ou en carbone comme matériau de noyeau

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1077097B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE259265T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19939062A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2215527T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1077097E (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10126865B4 (de) * 2001-06-01 2005-09-08 Neue Materialien Würzburg GmbH Substrat und Verwendung des Substrats
DE10216403B4 (de) * 2002-04-12 2004-03-18 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Aerogelgebundene Formstoffe mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit
DE10216464B4 (de) * 2002-04-12 2004-04-15 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Silica gebundene Kernwerkstoffe, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
DE10227512B4 (de) 2002-06-19 2004-07-08 Georg Fischer Gmbh & Co.Kg Verfahren zur Herstellung von Giesskernen oder Formen, sowie nach diesem Verfahren hergestellte Giesskerne oder Formen
DE10352574A1 (de) * 2003-11-11 2005-06-16 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Füllstoff enthaltende Aerogele
DE10357539A1 (de) 2003-12-10 2005-07-21 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Herstellung von füllstoffhaltigen Aerogelen
WO2006010449A2 (fr) * 2004-07-23 2006-02-02 Ceramtec Ag Innovative Ceramic Engineering Noyaux de fonderie en ceramique
DE102006003198A1 (de) * 2006-01-24 2007-07-26 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Kerne für den Leichtmetall- und/oder den Feinguss
DE102006021151A1 (de) * 2006-05-06 2007-11-08 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Kernwerkstoff aus tonhaltigem Sand enthaltendem Aerogelsand
DE102008056842A1 (de) * 2008-11-12 2010-05-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Gießereikerne mit verbesserten Entkernungseigenschaften II
DE102008056856A1 (de) * 2008-11-12 2010-05-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Gießereikerne mit verbesserten Entkernungseigenschaften I
DE102009024182B3 (de) * 2009-06-08 2011-03-03 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Bildung und zum Entformen einer Form und/oder eines Kerns beim Formguss
DE102015225227A1 (de) * 2015-12-15 2017-06-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Speiser für insbesondere aus Gusseisen bestehende Gussstücke
DE102022132848A1 (de) 2022-12-09 2024-06-20 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Aerogelgranulat für die Verwendung in der Gießerei

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3574548A (en) * 1969-08-11 1971-04-13 Atomic Energy Commission Process for manufacturing a cellular carbon body
US4032105A (en) * 1975-04-25 1977-06-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Mold with improved core for metal casting operation
DE3004466A1 (de) * 1980-02-07 1981-08-13 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen Verfahren zum herstellen eines leicht entfernbaren giesskerns
US4402927A (en) * 1980-04-22 1983-09-06 Dardel Guy Von Silica aerogel
JPH0481243A (ja) * 1990-07-23 1992-03-13 Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd 溶融金属鋳造用型材
US5086085A (en) * 1991-04-11 1992-02-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Melamine-formaldehyde aerogels
US5386706A (en) * 1993-06-10 1995-02-07 Praxair Technology, Inc. Low heat-leak, coherent-aerogel, cryogenic system
DE19523382C2 (de) * 1995-06-30 2003-04-30 Jochen Fricke Kohlenstoffaerogele und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE19721600A1 (de) * 1997-05-23 1998-11-26 Hoechst Ag Nanoporöse interpenetrierende organisch-anorganische Netzwerke
DE19911847A1 (de) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-28 Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt Fein- und Formguß in Kunststoff/Kohlenstoff-Aerogelen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1077097A1 (fr) 2001-02-21
DE19939062A1 (de) 2001-02-22
DE50005241D1 (de) 2004-03-18
ES2215527T3 (es) 2004-10-16
PT1077097E (pt) 2004-06-30
ATE259265T1 (de) 2004-02-15

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