Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
  • C07H15/00—Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
  • C07H15/20—Carbocyclic rings
  • C07H15/24—Condensed ring systems having three or more rings
  • C07H15/252—Naphthacene radicals, e.g. daunomycins, adriamycins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
  • C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel anthracycline derivatives and a method for preparing the anthracycline derivatives. More particularly, the present invention relates to novel anthracycline derivatives which are of potent activity against various cancers with greatly reduced cardiac toxicity and to a preparing method therefor. Also, the present invention is concerned with an antitumor agent comprising the anthracycline derivatives as pharmaceutically effective ingredients.
• Rhodomycin, daunomycin and adriamycin which all are of anthracyclines, can be obtained from the fermented broth of Actinomyces species. Since the determination of their chemical structures, much effort has been made to prepare the anthracyclines chemically because they are known to have a broad spectrum antitumor activity. Now, a variety of anthracyclines are developed, which are exemplified by daunomycin, adriamycin, carminomycin, 4'-epi-adriamycin, 4'-methoxyadriamycin, 4'- deoxyadriamycin and idarubicin. Currently, these compounds are clinically used in anticancer chemotherapy.
• the quinone compounds with such an anthracycline chemical structure have a potent activity against a wide range of malignant tumors, including lymphocytic leukemia and malignant lymphoma, but are accompanied by serious side effects, such as cardiac problem, bone marrow depression, alopecia, etc. Especially, serious cardiac toxicity frequently appears upon their use. This cardiac toxicity runs an acute course or passes into a chronic state, causing heat contractile dysfunction, arrhythmia and hypotension. What is the worst, the patients treated with these compounds may suffer from heart failure resulting in death. They are, thus, strictly limited in clinical use.
• anthracycline glycosides which have potent anticancer activity and are of even weaker toxic in general, and in particular significantly less cardiac toxicity than the conventional anthracycline glycoside anticancer agents, such as daunomycin, adriamycin, carminomycin and idarubicin, represented by the following structural formula I:
• R ⁇ and R 4 which may be the same or different, each is a hydrogen atom, methoxy or hydroxy;
• R 2 is L-aspartate or pyruvate; and R 3 is a hydrogen atom or fluorine atom.
• This invention also provides pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the novel anthracycline derivatives.
• antioxidants or radical scavengers in combination with the anticancer agents.
• U.S. Pat. No. 5,646,177 reports anthracycline derivatives in which glutathione, serving as an antioxidant, is directly linked to the position 7 of the anthracycline.
• these antioxidants and radical-scavenging enzymes are greatly limited in their use because proper conditions are not established for the enzymes included in radical removal and the antioxidants used to prevent radical damage show high reactivity.
• novel anthracycline anticancer agents which have potent antitumor activity as well as effective antioxidant activity to reduce the side effects of oxygen radicals in addition to being highly safe, allows the invention to be realized.
• Fig. 1 is a chemical scheme showing the preparation pathway of the novel anthracycline glycoside anticancer compounds according to the present invention.
• the compounds represented by the structural formula I are prepared by linking L-aspartate or pyruvate via an ester bond to the position 14 of the anthracycline glycoside anticancer antibiotics represented by the following general formula II:
• R, R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each are as defined above.
• the well-known anthracycline glycoside anticancer compounds represented by the general formula II correspond to the starting materials la to If in the preparation scheme for the novel anthracycline glycoside anticancer compounds of the invention.
• the preparation of the novel anthracycline glycoside compounds, represented by the general formula I is achieved by following the preparation pathway shown in Fig. 1.
• well-known techniques Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 17, 335, 1974 are applied.
• the present inventors found that the compounds represented by the general formula I have similar activity against cancers to those of conventional anthracycline glycoside anticancer agents as well as show such a reduced cardiac toxicity as expected. Therefore, the compounds of the general formula I are considered as anticancer agents by virtue of their low cardiac toxicity and superb anticancer activity.
• the compounds I of the present invention show greatly reduced cardiac toxicity as confirmed by tests.
• Lewis lung carcinoma a solid cancer
• physiological saline was used at a dose of 10 ml per kg of weight.
• the tumor volumes of the experimental animals alive were measured at 16 days after cancer transplantation for Lewis lung carcinoma and at 18 days after cancer transplantation for B 16 melanoma.
• the tumor volume was calculated as l/2ab 2 where a is the length (mm) of the longer axis and b is the shorter axis of the solid tumor mass measured by a digital caliper.
• TGI Tumor growth inhibition
• TGI (%) (1-Vt/Vc) x 100 wherein Vt represents an average tumor volume of a test group administered with drugs and Vc represents an average tumor volume of a control group administered with the solvent.
• the anticancer efficacy of each of the drugs was evaluated by the ILS, which was obtained by the ratio (%) of the mean survival time in drug-treated animals to that in the control animals.
• ILS estimated on day 61 after tumor implantation.
• the antitumor activity of the tested drugs against the B 16 mouse melanoma transplanted into the hypodermis of BDFl mice is given in Table 1, below.
• TGI tumor necrosis factor-1
• all of the novel anthracycline derivatives showed efficacious effects at a dose of 25 or higher mg/kg while adriamycin was effective at a dose of 10 mg/kg only, on the basis of the measurements at 18 days after the cancer inoculation.
• a maximal TGI was 58%) for the mouse group administered with adriamycin at a dose of 10 mg/kg.
• the novel anthracycline derivatives showed a maximal TGI of 89% at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Therefore, the novel anthracycline derivatives all were found to be superior to adriamycin in inhibiting the growth of B16 melanoma.
• the novel anthracycline derivatives all were effective for the groups administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg or higher and adriamycin was effective for the groups administered at a dose of 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg, based on an ILS of 30%) or higher.
• a maximal ILS was found at a dose of 50.0 mg/kg for the novel anthracycline derivatives and 10.0 mg/kg for adriamycin, amounting to 290-585 % and 119 %, respectively.
• TGI tumor-free state was realized in the mice which was administered with the novel anthracycline at a dose of 50 mg/kg.
• the novel anthracycline derivatives all were effective for the groups administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg or higher, based on an ILS of 30%) or higher.
• a maximal ILS was found at a dose of 50.0 mg/kg for the novel anthracycline derivatives and 10.0 mg/kg for adriamycin, amounting to 245 % and 58 %, respectively.
• Adriamycin- 14-Asp 50 81 3/6 72 +1.5 100 80 3/6 98 +0.4
• Adriamycin- 14-Pyruv. 50 85 3/6 75 +1.2 100 80 3/6 82 +0.1 -16-
• Idarubicin- 14-Asp 50 175 4/6 89 +1.2 100 155 3/6 97 +0.8
• the novel anthracycline compounds of the present invention show potent activity against cancers, which would be extremely useful as antitumoral agents applicable for clinical practice, alone and in combination with other - 17 - conventional anticancer agents.
• anthracycline compounds exhibit similar efficacy to those of parent anticancer agents because, when the novel anthracycline represented by the general formula I exert anticancer activity in vivo, they are decomposed at their ester linkage by esterase, remaining as the same forms as the parent compounds.
• the compound No. 1 of the present invention is decomposed into adriamycin and L-aspartate by an esterase, in vivo, the former exerting anticancer effects.
• the novel anticancer drugs were tested for cardiac toxicity as follows.
• the animal breeding room was maintained at 22 °C under an SPF condition.
• the rats were intraperitoneally injected with the samples once per week for 5 weeks.
• adriamycin and daunomycin each were administered at a dose of 4 mg/kg while the aspartate derivatives and pyruvate derivatives of the anthracycline were administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg and 3.5 mg/kg, respectively, for cardiac toxicity tests.
• the compounds of the present invention may be administered parenterally or orally in admixture with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluent. Upon oral administration, the compounds may be formulated into tablets or suitable forms. Examples of the parenteral administration of the novel compounds may include abdominal injection, hypothermic injection, intravenous injection and arterial injection for animals and intravenous or arterial injection and local injection for humans.
• the total administration amount and dose of the novel compounds of the present invention are dependent on administration routes and the patient or animal's conditions, such as age, body weight, sex, sensitivity, diet, administration time, co-administered medicines, severity, etc.
• the compounds of the present invention are used as antitumor agents, they can be administered at a wider range of doses than can adriamycin, and are preferably used at a dose of 5.0 to 25 mg/kg of body weight per day.
• the compounds of the general formula I exhibit antibacterial activity against gram positive bacteria and thus, can be used -22- for treating the diseases caused by gram positive bacteria, at such a dose in the administration routes as described above.
• the novel anthracycline compounds of the present invention have antitumor activity similar to that of conventional anthracycline drugs, but are extremely lower in cardiac toxicity than the conventional drugs.
• the novel anthracycline derivatives according to the present invention can be used as antitumor agents applicable for clinical practice.
• the anthracycline compounds represented by the general formula I exist as salt states, they show a high solubility in water and a high chemical stability in addition to being easy to chemically handle.
• the compounds of the present invention exhibit superb antitumor activity against cells and animal tumors, so they can be used as antitumor agents to treat malignant tumors, such as solid cancers and ascites cancers.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
• Biochemistry (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=19537115

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 1998
  • 1998-05-07 KR KR1019980016348A patent/KR19990084528A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1999
  • 1999-05-07 KR KR10-2000-7012427A patent/KR100398289B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1999-05-07 JP JP2000547095A patent/JP2002513797A/ja active Pending
  • 1999-05-07 EP EP99919679A patent/EP1075484A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1999-05-07 WO PCT/KR1999/000220 patent/WO1999057126A1/en active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events