EP1068367B1 - Cold work steel - Google Patents
Cold work steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1068367B1 EP1068367B1 EP99919719A EP99919719A EP1068367B1 EP 1068367 B1 EP1068367 B1 EP 1068367B1 EP 99919719 A EP99919719 A EP 99919719A EP 99919719 A EP99919719 A EP 99919719A EP 1068367 B1 EP1068367 B1 EP 1068367B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cold work
- work steel
- max
- steel according
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/003—Cementite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Definitions
- the invention relates to a new cold work steel, i.e. a steel intended for the manufacture of tools for cold working. Typical applications are blanking knives, punching tools, deep drawing moulds etc.
- a cold work steel The most important feature of a cold work steel is that it shall have a high hardness. For most applications also a good abrasion resistance and a toughness sufficient for the application are required. In order to satisfy these primary and a number of other requirements, a very great number of steel alloys have been developed. Most of these alloys, especially when toughness is more important than wear resistance, have a composition within the following alloying ranges: 0.8-1.2 C, 0.2-1.2 Si, 0.2-0.5 Mn, 5-12 Cr, 0.5-4 Mo, 0-3 W and 0.2-2 V. Further, small or moderately high contents of Ni, Nb, Cu and/or Al may be present. A steel of the latter type, which contains moderate though significant contents of niobium and aluminium, is described in US-A-5,160,553.
- the steels of the table were examined or compared with reference to micro structure, including the type and character of inclusions, response to heat treatment, hardenability, hardness after austenitising and after tempering, dimensional stability, spark machinability, toughness in terms of impact strength and bending strength, abrasive wear resistance, compressive yield point, grindability, and cuttability.
- the steel that satisfies the raised requirements best in terms of the different features mentioned in the foregoing should have the following composition in weight-%: 0.82-0.97 C, 0.70-1.10 Si, 0.38-0.62 Mn, at least 7.6 but less than 8.0 Cr, max 0.40 Ni, 2.30-2.70 Mo, max 0.25 W, 0.35-0.55 V, balance iron, impurities and accessory elements in normal amounts. Further, the steel normally contains max 0.15 N, preferably max 0.03 N, max 0.30 Cu, and max 6 ppm H.
- the Al content must be max 0.1 %, preferably max 0.045 %, but typically it amounts to 0.010-0.045 % as a residual element from the desoxidation treatment of the steel.
- the steel should contain 0.92 C, 0.95 Si, 0.5 Mn, 7.8 Cr, 2.5 Mo, 0.45 V.
- the micro structure of the steel consists, after austenitising at 1000-1080°C, cooling to room temperature and tempering once or several times at 180-650°C, of tempered martensite, containing a total carbide volume of 3-6 vol-%, preferably 3-5 vol-%, of which 0.25-0.45 vol-% consists of MC carbides and the rest essentially of M 7 C 3 carbides.
- the amount of primary carbides is about 4 vol-%.
- the steel of the invention can be manufactured in a conventional way through production of a melt, which is cast to ingots, which can be hot worked to the shape of bars, plates, etc., of which there can be made tools or other articles, which can be heat treated for the achievement of a final product having the desired combination of features.
- the conventional production of ingots can be complemented by any subsequent melt-metallurgical process step, such as e.g. Electro Slag Refining (ESR) or, as an alternative process, the building up of castings of solidifying drops of the melt, such as the process which is known by the name Osprey.
- ESR Electro Slag Refining
- the steel of the invention is intended to be used for the manufacture of tools for cold working.
- Cold work tools are used e.g. in the automotive industry for blanking, punching, pressing and bending thin steel plates.
- new, ultrahigh strength steels have been developed in recent years.
- One of these steels has been developed by SSAB Tunnpl ⁇ t AB and is known by its trade name DocolTM 1400 DP and contains, besides iron and unavoidable impurities, in weight-% typically: 0.18 C, 0.50 Si, 1.80 Mn, 0.015 P, 0.002 S, 0.040 A, and 0.030 Nb.
- This steel is manufactured in gauges between 0.50 and 2.00 mm, in its delivery condition it has the mechanical features stated in Table 3.
- Steel No. 19 is a steel of the invention.
- the steel was manufactured as a 35 tons production heat in an electric arc furnace. Of the steel there were cast ingots, which were forged and rolled to the shape of bars.
- the contents of nickel, niobium, titanium, and copper are residuals from used raw materials and are unintentional. Aluminium has been added for the desoxidation of the steel, and the stated content of aluminium is a residue from that process.
- Steel No. 20 is a steel according to the above mentioned US-A-5,160,553, which has been manufactured by another producer.
- the steel, which is commercially available, has been analysed by the applicant with reference to its chemical composition.
- 21, 22, and 23 are commercial steels, which are manufactured by the applicant.
- the contents of steels Nos. 21-23 stated in Table 4 are nominal contents.
- Steel No. 21 is a conventionally manufactured steel, while steels Nos. 22 and 23 have been manufactured powder metallurgically. Besides the contents of the different elements stated in the tables, these steels also contain impurities in normal amounts eminating from the raw materials which were used for the manufacture of steel.
- Punches with the punch diameter 10 mm were manufactured of bars of steels Nos. 19-23.
- the bar dimensions are listed in Table 5. All punches were taken out from the centre of the bars and cross-wise the bar direction, the longitudinal direction of the punch coinciding with the height direction of the bar.
- the working material consisted of said DocolTM 1400 DP with a thickness of 1.0 mm. The material was cold rolled and heat treated for the achievement of highest strength level and it therefore gave a good indication concerning abrasive wear resistance and ductility/toughness.
- the punching operatings were carried out in a 15 tons excenter press. The punching rate was 200 strokes/min; punching play 6 %; no lubrication.
- the measurement of the wear was made by means of a prism, the curve deviation being measured before and after the punching series. The difference was transformed to number of ⁇ m 2 , which represents the wear.
- Table 5 shows the testing parameters and the registered punch wear after 200,000 punching strokes.
- the table also shows the heat treatment of the tools. All the tools had been hardened from the stated austenitising temperature (T A as is shown in the table) and tempered twice after cooling, each time for two hours at the tempering temperature given in the table. Steel No.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9801045 | 1998-03-27 | ||
SE9801045A SE511747C2 (sv) | 1998-03-27 | 1998-03-27 | Kallarbetsstål |
PCT/SE1999/000346 WO1999050469A1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1068367A1 EP1068367A1 (en) | 2001-01-17 |
EP1068367B1 true EP1068367B1 (en) | 2003-05-14 |
Family
ID=20410729
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99919719A Expired - Lifetime EP1068367B1 (en) | 1998-03-27 | 1999-03-08 | Cold work steel |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1068367B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2002509987A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100562760B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1098369C (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE240418T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU740280B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9909159A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2325453C (ko) |
DE (2) | DE69907896T4 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2197637T3 (ko) |
HK (1) | HK1033964A1 (ko) |
SE (1) | SE511747C2 (ko) |
TW (1) | TW500810B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO1999050469A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10019042A1 (de) * | 2000-04-18 | 2001-11-08 | Edelstahl Witten Krefeld Gmbh | Stickstofflegierter, sprühkompaktierter Stahl, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verbundwerkstoff hergestellt aus dem Stahl |
FR2823768B1 (fr) * | 2001-04-18 | 2003-09-05 | Usinor | Acier a outils a tenacite renforcee, procede de fabrication de pieces dans cet acier et pieces obtenues |
CN100513609C (zh) | 2002-12-25 | 2009-07-15 | 日立金属株式会社 | 尺寸变化抑制特性优异的冷模具钢 |
JP5988732B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-02 | 2016-09-07 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | 高硬度高靭性の冷間工具鋼 |
WO2014192730A1 (ja) * | 2013-05-30 | 2014-12-04 | 日立金属株式会社 | 冷間加工用金型の製造方法 |
EP3387159A1 (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-10-17 | Rovalma, S.A. | Long durability high performance steel for structural, machine and tooling applications |
CN108220808A (zh) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-06-29 | 昆山邦泰汽车零部件制造有限公司 | 一种制造冲压加工设备冲头的钢 |
JP2020111766A (ja) * | 2019-01-08 | 2020-07-27 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | 冷間工具鋼 |
CN113493885A (zh) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-10-12 | 东莞市奥利瓦钢材模具有限公司 | 一种高性能热作模具钢及其制备方法 |
CN113604744B (zh) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-12-27 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 一种高强韧冷作模具钢及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE456650C (sv) * | 1987-03-19 | 1989-10-16 | Uddeholm Tooling Ab | Pulvermetallurgiskt framstaellt kallarbetsstaal |
AT393387B (de) * | 1989-10-23 | 1991-10-10 | Boehler Gmbh | Kaltarbeitsstahl mit hoher druckfestigkeit und verwendung dieses stahles |
-
1998
- 1998-03-27 SE SE9801045A patent/SE511747C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-03-08 CA CA002325453A patent/CA2325453C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 DE DE69907896T patent/DE69907896T4/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 EP EP99919719A patent/EP1068367B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 JP JP2000541355A patent/JP2002509987A/ja active Pending
- 1999-03-08 CN CN99804471A patent/CN1098369C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 AU AU37374/99A patent/AU740280B2/en not_active Expired
- 1999-03-08 WO PCT/SE1999/000346 patent/WO1999050469A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-03-08 KR KR1020007010728A patent/KR100562760B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-08 BR BR9909159-3A patent/BR9909159A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-03-08 DE DE69907896A patent/DE69907896D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-03-08 AT AT99919719T patent/ATE240418T1/de active
- 1999-03-08 ES ES99919719T patent/ES2197637T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-12 TW TW088113776A patent/TW500810B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-06-27 HK HK01104421A patent/HK1033964A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69907896T4 (de) | 2005-10-27 |
AU740280B2 (en) | 2001-11-01 |
EP1068367A1 (en) | 2001-01-17 |
DE69907896T2 (de) | 2004-02-19 |
SE9801045L (sv) | 1999-09-28 |
ES2197637T3 (es) | 2004-01-01 |
AU3737499A (en) | 1999-10-18 |
CA2325453C (en) | 2008-05-13 |
SE9801045D0 (sv) | 1998-03-27 |
HK1033964A1 (en) | 2001-10-05 |
CN1098369C (zh) | 2003-01-08 |
SE511747C2 (sv) | 1999-11-15 |
CA2325453A1 (en) | 1999-10-07 |
KR20010072559A (ko) | 2001-07-31 |
JP2002509987A (ja) | 2002-04-02 |
DE69907896D1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
TW500810B (en) | 2002-09-01 |
ATE240418T1 (de) | 2003-05-15 |
BR9909159A (pt) | 2000-12-05 |
WO1999050469A1 (en) | 1999-10-07 |
CN1295625A (zh) | 2001-05-16 |
KR100562760B1 (ko) | 2006-03-23 |
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