EP1067617A1 - Filtre passe-bande - Google Patents
Filtre passe-bande Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1067617A1 EP1067617A1 EP00401804A EP00401804A EP1067617A1 EP 1067617 A1 EP1067617 A1 EP 1067617A1 EP 00401804 A EP00401804 A EP 00401804A EP 00401804 A EP00401804 A EP 00401804A EP 1067617 A1 EP1067617 A1 EP 1067617A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- elementary
- rectangular
- filter according
- resonator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/202—Coaxial filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bandpass filter. She particularly applicable for microwave filters, for example band filters narrow, arranged at the output of a radar transmission chain. More generally it applies to bandpass filters used in transmitters but also in receivers of electromagnetic systems.
- Radars are partly characterized by their band of operating frequency. The latter is chosen in particular by depending on the intended applications for the radar.
- a signal from a speed camera is produced from a low power microwave signal, generally created from a reference oscillator. This signal is then amplified through an emission chain so as to obtain an output from the radar a signal strong enough to hit a target and allow the latter to return an echo powerful enough to that it can be detected by the radar reception chain.
- a bandpass filter in the transmission chain adapted. Like any microwave circuit located in a chain of transmission or reception microwave, this bandpass filter must present a good adaptation characterized by a wave rate stationary, this adaptation being associated with insertion losses.
- the bandpass filter has characteristics specific to its function.
- An important characteristic is notably the stiffness of its blanks, i.e. the frequency interval which separates the filter from a state passing to a state where it almost completely attenuates the waves. More this the lower the interval, the greater the stiffness of the filter. The more this stiffness is the larger, the more effective the filter.
- the power level accepted by the filter is another important feature of this circuit.
- band pass filters for chains radar transmission or reception which have good performance. These performances relate in particular to insertion losses, rejection out of band especially at harmonic frequencies, the wave rate stationary but also the stiffness of the filter as well as its power handling.
- the known structures do not make it possible to obtain good performance in a small footprint.
- An object of the invention is to allow the realization of a bandpass filter which has both good microwave performance and occupies a reduced volume.
- the subject of the invention is a bandpass filter, characterized in that it has one or more elementary cells of the bandpass type placed in series, an elementary cell grouping together a network exercising a low-pass filtering composed of an inductive section and a capacitive section in coaxial technology and a quarter wave resonator in series exerting a high-pass filtering, placed in the middle of the capacitive section.
- the main advantages of the invention are that it makes it possible to obtain a very good level of frequency rejection outside the band busy, that it adapts to different frequency bands and that it is simple to implement.
- FIG. 1 illustrates by way of indication the function of a band-pass filter in a system of axes whose ordinate axis represents the level of attenuation A, for example in dB, and whose abscissa axis represents the frequencies f.
- the stiffness of the filter is characterized by the frequency interval ⁇ f 1 which characterizes the transition from the maximum attenuation state 1 to the on state corresponding to the on state 2. The latter corresponds to a substantially zero attenuation, corresponding residual insertion losses.
- the stiffness is also characterized by the frequency interval ⁇ f 2 corresponding to the passage from the on state 2 to the maximum attenuation state 1.
- the two intervals ⁇ f 1 , ⁇ f 2 are for example substantially equal.
- the effectiveness of the filter is linked to its stiffness.
- a bandpass filter is all the more effective the greater its stiffness, that is to say that the intervals ⁇ f 1 , ⁇ f 2 are low.
- Figure 2 shows a possible embodiment of a filter according to the invention.
- This filter has a type propagation structure coaxial 1 of length L.
- Figure 2 shows the whole of this structure in a longitudinal section passing through the center.
- the filter according to the invention comprises a succession of identical elementary cells 10 arranged in series and fitting into each other.
- FIG. 3 illustrates an elementary cell 10, in the same sectional view as that of FIG. 2.
- This cell comprises an elementary filtering network of the low-pass type which has symmetry of revolution about an axis of symmetry 31.
- This low-pass network is composed of two sections 32, 33 of respective radii R 1 , R 2 representing respectively the inductance L 0 and the filtering capacity C 0 .
- the elementary capacitance C 0 of the cell 10 is obtained mechanically by the spacing between the section of large radius R 2 and the metal sheath 34 of the coaxial structure.
- the elementary inductance L 0 is obtained by the length of the section 32. This gives an equivalent diagram as shown in FIG. 4.
- the elementary capacitance C 0 is connected between the metal sheath 34 and the section 33 of large radius R 2 , the elementary inductance L 0 is a function of the length l e of the section of small radius R 1 .
- FIG. 5 illustrates by a first curve 51, in solid line, the filtering function relating to this cell, in the same system of axes as that of FIG. 1. Waves having a frequency greater than a frequency close to the frequency of previous cut f H are attenuated by cell L 0 , C 0 .
- An elementary cell 10 also comprises a quarter-wave resonator 35, placed in the middle of the capacitive section 33.
- this microwave trap is produced using a ring 35 made of insulating material, capable of be for example the material called by the registered trademark Teflon, and whose cross-sectional shape recalls a double L.
- Teflon the material called by the registered trademark Teflon
- This shape is linked to the long length of the trap which it is necessary to fold back inside the structure so that the open circuit can be correctly transformed into a short circuit at the capacitive section.
- ⁇ Gc being the guided wavelength associated with the central frequency of the useful band of the final filter.
- This resonator turns into a short circuit for microwave waves. Outside the band, the impedance brought back by the resonator is no longer a short circuit, which creates a mismatch which is characterized by filtering of low frequencies.
- the role of this section is in particular to create the bottom flank of the filter. Waves having a frequency lower than the frequency f B are attenuated. On the contrary, waves having a frequency higher than f B encounter a short circuit.
- the rings 35 for example slightly exceed sections capacitive and are then held by a sheath 36, made of material thin insulating dielectric.
- FIG. 4b illustrates the equivalent electrical diagram of an elementary cell, taking into account the effect of the resonator.
- a first filter comprises an inductance L 0 connected to a capacitance C 0/2 which itself is also connected to the potential of the external conductor 34.
- L r and C r are the inductance and the capacitance of the low-pass filter illustrated by FIG. 4a, and L r , C r are the inductance and the capacity corresponding to the resonator 35.
- the resonator 35 need not extend from the central conductor 33 to the sheath 36 or the outer conductor 34. However, to ensure good mechanical strength of the assembly, it is preferable that the impedance transformer occupies the entire interior space.
- a filtering function as illustrated in Figure 5 and corresponding to an elementary filter 10 is not perfect in the measurement especially where its stiffness is low.
- a filter according to the invention comprises several elementary filters 10 in series as illustrated in particular in Figure 2.
- the generic dimensions of the inductance and capacitance sections, as well as those of the resonator 35, which acts as an impedance transformer, are adjusted so that the pass band of the filter (f H -f B ) produced by a elementary cell 10 is for example centered on the central frequency of the useful band of the radar.
- FIG. 6 shows, in a perspective view, another mode possible embodiment of a device according to the invention.
- This mode of complete realization for example the device as presented previously.
- the structure previous coaxial 1 is arranged inside a set 61 of guides of rectangular waves 62.
- This assembly is for example made up of two parts, only one of which is shown in Figure 6 for ease of presentation.
- the rectangular waveguides 62 are substantially perpendicular to the axis 31 of the coaxial waveguide 1.
- the waveguides rectangular 62 are for example machined from a metal block. A part thus machined comprising a set of rectangular half wave guides as illustrated in FIG. 6.
- the complete guides 62 are then obtained by the superposition of the two parts.
- a hollow having the form of a half cylinder is machined perpendicular to the waveguides rectangular 62 to place the coaxial structure 1.
- the filter as illustrated by FIG. 6 shows that the rectangular waveguides 62 are arranged perpendicularly on either side of the coaxial waveguide 1 along a plane passing through the axis of symmetry 31 of the latter. Furthermore on Figure 6, the rectangular guides 62 are open at their ends.
- Figure 7 shows, in a sectional view in the plane of symmetry of the filter, that the ends of the rectangular waveguides 62 opposite the coaxial structure 1 are closed by charges microwave 71.
- the set of rectangular waveguides 62 closed by microwave loads 71 allow in particular optimize the performance of the filter outside its bandwidth, that is to say to improve the level of attenuation outside this band. This set allows in particular to trap the harmonics of orders high or other spurious frequencies, outside the bandwidth, that the filter attenuates insufficiently, compared to a performance level asked very severe.
- a waveguide rectangular 62 is coupled to each elementary filter cell 10, plus precisely, a rectangular waveguide 62 is placed on each side of an elementary filter cell 10.
- Harmonics not filtered by the coaxial filter structure as described in relation to Figures 2 and 3 are trapped in the rectangular waveguides 62.
- the load microwave 71 actually plays the role of a microwave absorbent. The frequencies thus absorbed are eliminated, and therefore filtered.
- the passage of harmonics, not sufficiently filtered by a filter cell elementary 10, with its associated rectangular waveguides is done by microwave coupling.
- the dimensions of the guides rectangular 62 are provided according to the frequencies to be attenuated and the aforementioned coupling. This coupling is done via the external conductor 34 of the coaxial structure 1 which is in contact with the walls 63 of the guides rectangular 62.
- a microwave load 71 has a triangular shape whose point is oriented towards the inside of the guide, the triangle also being symmetrical with respect to the central axis 64 of the guide. This allows in particular to optimize the absorption of the waves picked up by the guide.
- a filter according to the invention has very good performance electric while having a small footprint and a structure compact.
- the invention advantageously applies to different types of frequency bands, it is enough to adapt it to a given band of dimension the coaxial structure on the one hand and possibly the rectangular guides on the other hand.
- the invention is by elsewhere simple to implement insofar as it does not does not require particularly complex components or structures.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- la figure 1, une illustration du gabarit d'un filtre passe-bande;
- la figure 2, un exemple de réalisation possible d'un filtre selon l'invention;
- la figure 3, une cellule élémentaire composant le filtre de la figure 2;
- la figure 4a, un schéma électrique équivalent d'un tronçon élémentaire passe-bas;
- la figure 4b, un schéma électrique équivalent d'une cellule élémentaire passe-bande;
- la figure 5, un exemple de fonction de filtrage obtenue pour un filtre élémentaire passe-bande;
- les figures 6 et 7, un autre exemple de réalisation possible d'un filtre selon l'invention.
Claims (9)
- Filtre passe-bande, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une ou plusieurs cellules élémentaires (10) de type passe-bande placées en série, une cellule élémentaire regroupant:un réseau exerçant un filtrage passe-bas composé d'un tronçon inductif (32) et d'un tronçon capacitif (33) en structure coaxiale;et un résonateur quart d'onde (35) en série exerçant un filtrage passe-haut, placé au milieu du tronçon capacitif (33).
- Filtre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un réseau passe-bas est composé d'un tronçon inductif (32) de diamètre R1 et d'un tronçon capacitif (33) de diamètre R2, R2 étant supérieur à R1.
- Filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le résonateur (35) a la forme d'une bague.
- Filtre selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le résonateur (35) a la forme d'un double L dans une vue en coupe passant par l'axe de symétrie (31) de la structure coaxiale.
- Filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une gaine (36), réalisée en un matériau isolant électriquement, est placée entre le résonateur quart d'onde (35) et le conducteur extérieur (34) de la structure coaxiale.
- Filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble des cellules élémentaires (10) est disposé à l'intérieur d'un ensemble (61) de guides d'ondes rectangulaires (62) fermés par une charge hyperfréquence (71), les guides d'ondes rectangulaires (62) étant disposés perpendiculairement de part et d'autre des cellules élémentaires (10) selon un plan passant par leur axe de symétrie (31), les guides d'ondes rectangulaires captant des ondes de fréquences présentes en dehors de la bande passante du filtre.
- Filtre selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble (61) des guides rectangulaires est constitué de deux parties, qui prennent les cellules élémentaires (10) en sandwich, les guides d'ondes rectangulaires (62) étant usinés dans un bloc de métal.
- Filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'un guide d'onde rectangulaire (62) est couplé à chaque cellule élémentaire de filtrage (10), de sorte qu'un guide d'onde rectangulaire (62) est placé de chaque côté d'une cellule élémentaire (10).
- Filtre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'une charge hyperfréquence (71) a une forme triangulaire dont la pointe est orientée vers l'intérieur du guide rectangulaire, le triangle étant symétrique par rapport à l'axe central (64) du guide.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9908322 | 1999-06-29 | ||
| FR9908322A FR2795888B1 (fr) | 1999-06-29 | 1999-06-29 | Filtre passe-bande |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1067617A1 true EP1067617A1 (fr) | 2001-01-10 |
| EP1067617B1 EP1067617B1 (fr) | 2003-09-10 |
Family
ID=9547447
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20000401804 Expired - Lifetime EP1067617B1 (fr) | 1999-06-29 | 2000-06-23 | Filtre passe-bande |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1067617B1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE60005094T2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2795888B1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH245847A (de) * | 1942-12-22 | 1946-11-30 | Telefunken Gmbh | Filter für Dezimeterwellen. |
| GB1046277A (en) * | 1962-07-03 | 1966-10-19 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Filters for the absorption of parasitic signals |
-
1999
- 1999-06-29 FR FR9908322A patent/FR2795888B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-06-23 EP EP20000401804 patent/EP1067617B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-06-23 DE DE2000605094 patent/DE60005094T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH245847A (de) * | 1942-12-22 | 1946-11-30 | Telefunken Gmbh | Filter für Dezimeterwellen. |
| GB1046277A (en) * | 1962-07-03 | 1966-10-19 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Filters for the absorption of parasitic signals |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| NIKLAUS P: "NEW, CUSTOM-DESIGNED LOWPASS FILTERS FOR RADIO TRANSMITTERS", ABB REVIEW,CH,ABB ASEA BROWN BOVERI, ZURICH, no. 10, 1 January 1992 (1992-01-01), pages 19 - 24, XP000323955, ISSN: 1013-3119 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60005094D1 (de) | 2003-10-16 |
| FR2795888A1 (fr) | 2001-01-05 |
| FR2795888B1 (fr) | 2001-09-21 |
| DE60005094T2 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
| EP1067617B1 (fr) | 2003-09-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP0047203B1 (fr) | Filtre hyperfréquence à résonateur diélectrique, accordable dans une grande largeur de bande | |
| EP0014115B1 (fr) | Oscillateur accordable hyperfréquence à ondes magnétostatiques | |
| EP0285503A1 (fr) | Filtre comportant des éléments à constantes réparties associant deux types de couplage | |
| FR2578104A1 (fr) | Filtre passe-bande pour hyperfrequences | |
| EP2195877B1 (fr) | Coupleur-separateur d'emission-reception multibande a large bande de type omt pour antennes de telecommunications hyperfrequences | |
| EP0261634A1 (fr) | Filtre à bande ajustable | |
| EP0108003A1 (fr) | Résonateurs bi-rubans et filtres réalisés à partir de ces résonateurs (11111) | |
| EP0467818A1 (fr) | Elément de transition entre guides d'ondes électromagnétiques, notamment entre un guide d'ondes circulaire et un guide d'ondes coaxial | |
| EP1067617B1 (fr) | Filtre passe-bande | |
| CA1074878A (fr) | Transition hyperfrequence | |
| WO1998020576A1 (fr) | Dispositif de filtrage a cavite metallique a inserts dielectriques | |
| EP0128798B1 (fr) | Dispositif sélectif accordable à ondes magnétostatiques de volume | |
| CA2031076A1 (fr) | Filtre eliminateur de bande pour guide d'ondes hyperfrequences | |
| EP0018261B1 (fr) | Guide d'onde à large bande à double polarisation | |
| FR2487587A1 (fr) | Filtre passe-bande hyperfrequence realise en guide d'ondes | |
| EP1925056A1 (fr) | Filtre a guide d'onde pour micro-ondes a parois non paralleles | |
| EP0064458A1 (fr) | Filtre passe-bande en guide rectangulaire, présentant une grande sélectivité en fréquence | |
| FR2704983A1 (fr) | Filtre passe-bande à lignes couplées court-circuitées. | |
| EP0326498A1 (fr) | Circuit résonnant et filtre utilisant ce circuit | |
| EP0520919B1 (fr) | Dispositif de filtrage d'ondes électromagnétiques circulant dans un guide d'ondes à symétrie de révolution, à tronçons de guides d'ondes de filtrage rectangulaires insérés | |
| EP0921587B1 (fr) | Filtre hyperfréquence à flanc superieur raide | |
| EP0668624B1 (fr) | Agencement de charge de puissance en hyperfréquence notamment pour dispositif guide d'ondes et isolateur à ferrite équipée d'un tel agencement | |
| BE502149A (fr) | ||
| FR2737611A1 (fr) | Dispositif de couplage magnetique entre un conducteur principal d'une ligne tem et un guide d'ondes formant resonateur en lambdag/2 | |
| FR2652211A1 (fr) | Resonateur hyperfrequence actif et filtre actif utilisant ce resonateur. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20010706 |
|
| AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: DE FR GB IT |
|
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: THALES |
|
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
| GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 60005094 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20031016 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20031221 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20040614 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20050608 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20050616 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20050622 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20060623 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20060630 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070103 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20060623 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20070228 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20060630 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070623 |