EP1056424B1 - Fauteuil dote de coussins d'air - Google Patents

Fauteuil dote de coussins d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1056424B1
EP1056424B1 EP99905979A EP99905979A EP1056424B1 EP 1056424 B1 EP1056424 B1 EP 1056424B1 EP 99905979 A EP99905979 A EP 99905979A EP 99905979 A EP99905979 A EP 99905979A EP 1056424 B1 EP1056424 B1 EP 1056424B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
bladder
cushions
support structure
chair according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99905979A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1056424A4 (fr
EP1056424A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Alan Smith
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1056424A1 publication Critical patent/EP1056424A1/fr
Publication of EP1056424A4 publication Critical patent/EP1056424A4/fr
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Publication of EP1056424B1 publication Critical patent/EP1056424B1/fr
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/006—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs convertible to stretchers or beds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C4/00—Foldable, collapsible or dismountable chairs
    • A47C4/54—Inflatable chairs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1091—Cushions, seats or abduction devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • A61G5/1043—Cushions specially adapted for wheelchairs

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a chair construction that incorporates air-containing cushions.
  • the invention has been developed in the context of so-called nursing chairs and is hereinafter described in this context. However, it will be understood that the invention does have broader application, for example to lounge chairs and office chairs. It should also be understood that the term "chairs" as used in this specification is to be construed as including lounges, settees and such other seating items as have seat and backrest portions.
  • the water chairs have proved to be very successful in nursing homes and other places where aged persons and long term invalids are accommodated.
  • the chairs have two problems; they have a potential to leak water with damage to and aging of the water-containing bags and, perhaps more importantly, they are extremely heavy due to the weight of water (typically 20 to 30 kilograms) that is required to provide full support for a range of differently sized people.
  • the latter problem requires that the chairs be mounted on large size wheels, not just casters or glides, and even then the chairs are found by nursing personnel to be difficult to manoeuvre.
  • the chair which is the subject of the present invention has been developed in an attempt to achieve a substantial weight reduction whilst retaining the recognised benefits of water chairs. This has led the inventor to consider air as an alternative to water.
  • blow-up air beds have long been used for recreational purposes, and inflatable cushions and neck supports, both in a variety of shapes, are used regularly by travellers in aircraft and road vehicles to provide seat cushioning and neck support.
  • all of these known inflatable beds and cushions normally are used in a fully inflated or near-fully inflated state. That is they normally are filled with air to a level at which they are elastically stressed or to an extent approaching that level, and they rely upon the compressible nature of air to provide comfortable (or as comfortable as possible) body support.
  • DE-A-2625277 discloses a padded seat which provides additional adjustable support for persons with back complaints.
  • the padded support is in the form of air-filled cushions supported on a solid base.
  • DE-A-19647773 discloses a massage chair having inflatable cushions for massaging parts of the body of an occupant. Once again, the cushions are air-filled and are supported on a solid base.
  • EP-A-0284294 discloses a nursing chair which uses water-filled cushions to provide support to an occupant.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an air cushioning arrangement that is appropriate to chairs, which avoids the complexities of prior art approaches and which provides for shape adaptation as a consequence of air displacement within containing cushions.
  • the invention may be defined broadly as providing a chair having a seat portion and a backrest portion.
  • the chair comprises seat and backrest support structures, at least one air-containing cushion positioned on the seat support structure, at least one air-containing cushion secured to the backrest support structure, a layer of compressible material overlying the cushions, and an upholstery material covering the layer of compressible material.
  • Each cushion comprises a bladder which is formed from a pliable, gas impermeable material and each bladder is charged with air in an amount not greater than 60% of the maximum contained volume of the bladder, whereby the air may freely be displaced within the bladder and, as a consequence, shaping may be imparted to the cushion to complement that of a person who occupies the chair.
  • the seat support structure and the backrest support structure are formed as frames, wherein the cushions are suspended from the frames.
  • maximum contained volume is to be understood as meaning the maximum volume to which the bladder may be inflated without experiencing elastic stress.
  • Each bladder preferably is charged with air in an amount not greater than 50% of the maximum contained volume of the bladder and, most preferably, to an amount within the range 15% to 30% of the maximum contained volume of the bladder.
  • respective ones of the bladders may be charged with air to different levels. The extent to which each bladder is required to be charged with air may initially be determined empirically for different chair structures or uses.
  • each bladder When charged with air, each bladder is closed against inflow or outflow of air.
  • the bladder may be sealed closed in a permanent manner, although it is preferred that the bladder be provided with a valve through which air may be admitted as and when required.
  • the compressible material that is used to overlay the cushions may comprise a matted filamentary material or an expanded foam plastics sheet material.
  • the main function of the compressible material is to create a smooth or uniform contour over which to lay the upholstery material.
  • the seat portion of the chair will normally support a single cushion but the backrest portion may be fitted with one or more cushions, depending upon the size of the chair and its intended function.
  • the chair cushions may be butted together but they preferably are arranged so that they overlap one another. That is, when the backrest portion is fitted with two cushions, the upper cushion will overlap the lower cushion. Then, the lower cushion will be arranged to overlap the seat cushion.
  • the cushion (or the higher cushion) that is fitted to the backrest portion preferably is arranged to extend over and around the upper edge of the backrest portion of the chair, so as to provide air support for the neck region of a person seated on the chair.
  • Expanded foam sheet material may be located below one or more of the cushions for the purpose of providing additional load support to a seated person or for providing support in the unlikely event of air being displaced from one or more of the bladders. Also, when the expanded foam sheet material is located both below and above the cushions, that which is located below the cushions preferably is more dense than that which is located above the cushions.
  • the upholstery material may comprise leather, fabric or a plastics sheet material, depending upon the intended use of the chair. It is preferred in respect of nursing chairs that are intended for use with persons who may be incontinent that the upholstery material be composed of a semi-permeable or vapour permeable plastics sheet material.
  • the backrest support structure When in the form of a nursing chair the backrest support structure preferably is pivotably mounted with respect to the seat support structure. Also, the seat support structure preferably is mounted to or integrated with a support base which, in turn, preferably is carried by wheels or rollers.
  • the chair when in the form of a nursing chair, it preferably comprises a leg support portion that is pivotably mounted with respect to the seat portion and, in such case, an air-containing bladder-form cushion will be mounted to the leg rest portion.
  • the chair may be fabricated by using timber framing, but the chair preferably is formed with a metal frame which is fitted with reinforced plastics sheet material to form the seat and backrest support structures and to carry the cushions.
  • the cushions may be removably secured to the seat and backrest support structures by way of self-securing fastening material such as that which is sold under the Velcro trade mark. Also, the upholstery material may itself be secured in place by use of similar self-securing fastening material.
  • the chair includes a seat portion 10, a backrest portion 11 and a leg support portion 12.
  • the complete chair is built upon an integral tubular metal frame 13 which is shown in Figure 1.
  • the frame has a support base 14 which is mounted to floor engaging wheels 15.
  • Two brackets 16 are welded to tubular side rails 17 of the support base and provide bearings 18 for a seat support frame structure 19.
  • the seat support frame structure 19 is pivotably mounted to the support base and telescopic gas struts (not shown) interconnect the support base and the seat support frame structure 19 to provide for controlled tilting of the whole seat portion 10 relative to the support base 14.
  • the seat support frame structure 19 has upper and lower side rails 20 and 21, and cross rails 22.
  • the upper side rails form the structural parts of armrests of the chair and, for this purpose, the side rails carry expanded foam plastics padding material 23 which is shown in part in Figure 2.
  • similar foam plastics sheet material is secured to other parts of the structure and is overlaid with upholstering material in the finished chair.
  • a fibre reinforced plastics sheet material 24 is provided to extend between the lower side rails 21 of the seat support frame structure for carrying seat cushioning material (referred to in more detail later).
  • a similar fibre reinforced plastics sheet material 25 (a portion of which is shown in Figure 1) is provided on a backrest frame portion 26 for supporting backrest cushioning.
  • the seat support frame structure 19 is provided with pivot bearings 27 to match the bearings 18 on the support base 14. Similar pivot bearings 28 and 29 are provided on the seat support frame structure 19 for pivotably mounting the backrest frame portion 26 and a leg support frame portion 30.
  • the leg support frame portion 30 comprises a generally rectangular frame that, like the rest of the structure, is formed from tubular metal, and it is pivotably mounted to the seat support frame structure 19 by way of pivot bearings 31.
  • the leg support frame portion is fitted with expanded foam type plastics material sheet 32 for carrying leg support cushioning.
  • the backrest frame portion 26 is formed from tubular metal predominantly as a rectangular frame but it includes a lower angled portion which carries pivot bearings 33. It also includes triangular-shape side portions 34 which are formed from tubular metal and which are fitted with expanded foam padding material (not shown) to form side wings of the chair when finally upholstered.
  • the backrest frame portion 26 of the chair is connected to the seat support frame portion 19 by telescopic gas struts (not shown), so as to permit pivotal movement of the backrest of the chair relative to the seat portion of the chair.
  • each of the seat portion, backrest portion and leg support portion may be pivoted one relative to the other so that the chair may be placed in any disposition ranging from a bed through to an upright chair. Also, the entire structure may be pivoted about the support base 14 to facilitate entry and exit of invalid persons from the chair.
  • a single underlay 35 that is formed from expanded foam sheet material, is laid on and secured to the supporting sheet materials 24 and 25.
  • a single air cushion 36 is carried by the portion of the underlay 35 that is positioned on the supporting material 24.
  • two air cushions 37 and 38 are secured to the backrest sheet material 25, and a single air cushion 39 is secured to the expanded foam sheet material 32 that is carried by the leg support frame portion 30 of the chair.
  • Each of the air cushions 36 to 38 is formed from a bladder having side walls as well as front and back walls, such that the cushion would assume a generally oblong shape if charged with air in an amount equal to the maximum contained volume of the bladder.
  • the bladders are fabricated from pliant air impermeable plastics sheet material having a thickness within the range 0.25 to 1.00 millimetre, and all seams of the bladders are closed by welding or gluing to effect complete sealing.
  • Valves 40 are provided in one side wall of each of the bladders 36 to 38 to enable air to be delivered to and bled from the cushion which is constituted by the bladder.
  • the cushion 39 is also formed from a bladder but in this case the bladder has a flatter, less oblong shape (if it were to be charged to its maximum contained volume) than the other bladders 36 to 38. Also, an air admitting valve is located in one edge seam of the bladder that, when charged with air, constitutes the cushion 39.
  • the bladders be charged with air in an amount not greater than 50% to 60% of the maximum contained volume of the bladders and, more usually, in an amount within the range 15% to 30% of the maximum contained volume of the bladders.
  • the actual amount of air will be determined in any given case by the position of the cushion, the amount of foam plastics sheet material cushioning that is used in conjunction with the cushions and the resiliency of the upholstering material which is used to overlay the cushions.
  • the cushions 36 to 39 are fitted closely together, in overlapping relationship, as indicated in Figure 4, in order that they might be caused to meld together when adapting to the shape of a seated person, as indicated in Figure 5.
  • the upper backrest cushion 38 is extended over (ie, wrapped around) the top of the backrest frame portion 26 to provide air cushioned support for the neck and head of a seated person.
  • the leg support cushion 39 is wrapped around the front and rear sides of the leg support frame portion 30.
  • the cushions 36 to 39 are removably secured to the underlays 32 and 35 by a self-securing fastening material such as that which is sold under the Velcro trade mark.
  • an overlay 41 in the form of a continuous length of relatively soft, compressible material is laid along the full length and height of the chair, to cover the leg support portion, the seat portion and the backrest portion of the chair.
  • the overlay 41 is formed from an expanded foam plastics sheet material that is less dense than the material from which the underlay 35 is formed.
  • Upholstering material 42 is used to cover the entire chair and, for convenience, this material may also be held in place by self-securing fastening material.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)

Abstract

Fauteuil adapté pour soutenir des handicapés ou des personnes âgées qui sont obligés de rester assis pendant de longs moments. Ledit fauteuil possède une structure de support (10) de siège pivotante, une structure de support (11) de dossier pivotante et un repose-jambes (12) pivotant. Un coussin contenant de l'air (36) est fixé à la structure de support de siège et deux coussins contenant de l'air qui se chevauchent (37, 38) sont fixés à la structure de support de dossier. En outre, des feuilles en matière compressible sont placées au-dessous et au-dessus des coussins contenant de l'air et une matière de revêtement est placée de manière à couvrir la matière se trouvant au-dessus des coussins. Ledit fauteuil est caractérisé en ce que chacun des coussins possède une vessie constituée d'une matière souple et imperméable aux gaz et en ce que chaque vessie est emplie d'air à raison d'une quantité ne dépassant pas 60 % du volume interne maximal de la vessie. L'air peut donc être librement déplacé dans la vessie, ce qui permet à cette dernière d'épouser la forme de la personne qui occupe le fauteuil.

Claims (20)

  1. Un siège de malade composé principalement d'un siège (10) et d'un dossier (11), et comportant une structure de support d'assise (19), une structure de support de dossier (26), au minimum un coussin contenant de l'air (36) positionné sur la structure de support d'assise (19), au minimum un coussin contenant de l'air (37, 38) fixé à la structure de support de dossier (26), une couche de matériau compressible (41) enveloppant les coussins (36, 37, 38), et un matériau de rembourrage (42) recouvrant la couche de matériau compressible (41). Chaque coussin (36, 37, 38) est composé d'un sac de type vessie, réalisé dans un matériau pliable et imperméable aux gaz et, en utilisation, chaque vessie est remplie d'air en proportion inférieure ou égale à 60 % du volume maximal de la vessie, de sorte que l'air puisse se déplacer librement dans la vessie durant l'utilisation et, par voie de conséquence, que la forme du coussin (36, 37, 38) puisse s'adapter à celle de l'occupant du siège. La structure de support d'assise (19) et la structure de support du dossier (26) sont formées de cadres (13) dans lesquels et auxquels les coussins (36, 37, 38) sont suspendus.
  2. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque vessie est remplie d'air en proportion inférieure ou égale à 50 % du volume maximal de la vessie.
  3. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans la revendication 1, dans lequel chaque vessie est remplie d'air en proportion comprise entre 15 % et 30 % du volume interne maximal de la vessie.
  4. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans la revendication 1, dans lequel chacune des vessies est remplie d'air à différents niveaux compris entre 15 % et 60 % de son volume interne maximal.
  5. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel chaque vessie est dotée d'une valve (40) destinée à l'admission de l'air dans la vessie.
  6. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel chaque vessie est dotée d'une paroi avant, d'une paroi arrière et de parois latérales, conformées de telle sorte que la vessie adopte une forme d'ensemble oblongue si elle est remplie d'air en proportion égale à son volume interne maximal.
  7. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le matériau compressible (41) qui enveloppe les coussins est composé d'une feuille de matériau en mousse de plastique expansée.
  8. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel deux des coussins remplis d'air (37, 38) sont fixés à la structure de support du dossier (26) l'un au-dessus de l'autre.
  9. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans la revendication 8, dans lequel le coussin supérieur des deux coussins fixés à la structure de support du dossier (37, 38) chevauche le coussin inférieur des deux coussins fixés à la structure de support du dossier (37, 38), et dans lequel ce coussin inférieur (37, 38) chevauche le coussin (36) qui est positionné dans la structure de support de l'assise (19).
  10. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans les revendications 8 ou 9, dans lequel le coussin supérieur des deux coussins fixés à la structure de support du dossier (37, 38) recouvre la partie supérieure de la partie dossier (26) du siège.
  11. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel une sous-couche de doublage (32, 35) formée d'une feuille de matériau en mousse expansée se trouve sous les coussins contenant de l'air (36, 37, 38).
  12. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans la revendication 11, dans lequel cette sous-couche (32, 35) est formée d'un matériau possédant une densité supérieure à celle du matériau compressible (41) qui enveloppe les coussins (36, 37, 38).
  13. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel le matériau de rembourrage (42) est composé d'une feuille de plastique semi-perméable ou perméable à la vapeur d'eau.
  14. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel la structure de support du dossier (26) est montée de façon à pouvoir pivoter par rapport à la structure de support de l'assise (19).
  15. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel la structure de support de l'assise (19) est montée sur une base de support (14) elle-même montée sur des roues (15).
  16. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans la revendication 15, dans lequel la structure de support du dossier est montée de façon à pouvoir pivoter par rapport à cette base de support.
  17. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel une partie destinée à soutenir les jambes (30) est montée de façon à pouvoir pivoter par rapport à l'assise (19), et dans lequel un coussin contenant de l'air (39) est monté sur la partie destinée à soutenir les jambes (30) et est recouvert à la fois par le matériau compressible (41) et le matériau de rembourrage (42).
  18. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel la structure de support de l'assise (19) et la structure de support du dossier (26) sont formées de cadres métalliques (13), et dans lequel une feuille de matériau en plastique renforcé (24) est tendue entre ces cadres métalliques (13) de façon à soutenir, directement ou indirectement, les coussins contenant de l'air (36, 37, 38, 39).
  19. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel les coussins (36, 37, 38, 39) sont fixés de manière amovible aux structure de support de l'assise (19) et du dossier (26) par le biais de fermetures auto-agrippantes.
  20. Un siège de malade tel qu'exposé dans toutes les revendications précédentes, dans lequel le matériau de garnissage (41) est fixé en place par le biais de fermetures auto-agrippantes.
EP99905979A 1998-02-18 1999-02-18 Fauteuil dote de coussins d'air Expired - Lifetime EP1056424B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPP311198 1998-02-18
AUPP311198 1998-02-18
PCT/AU1999/000094 WO1999042069A1 (fr) 1998-02-18 1999-02-18 Fauteuil dote de coussins d'air

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1056424A1 EP1056424A1 (fr) 2000-12-06
EP1056424A4 EP1056424A4 (fr) 2002-07-17
EP1056424B1 true EP1056424B1 (fr) 2004-04-21

Family

ID=3807370

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99905979A Expired - Lifetime EP1056424B1 (fr) 1998-02-18 1999-02-18 Fauteuil dote de coussins d'air

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EP (1) EP1056424B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2002503518A (fr)
AU (1) AU736179B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE69916584T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999042069A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018079053A (ja) * 2016-11-16 2018-05-24 飛騨産業株式会社 椅子
KR101995626B1 (ko) * 2017-04-27 2019-07-02 정칠수 차량용 간이침대 구조체
CN108814052B (zh) * 2018-05-14 2023-12-01 成都禧玥健康管理有限公司 一种包含耐洗涤罩面的多用哺乳椅

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2625277A1 (de) * 1976-06-04 1977-12-15 Gerhard Dr Med Marx Gepolsterter sitz
FR2536975B1 (fr) * 1982-12-07 1986-06-13 Renault Siege orthopedique ajustable, notamment pour vehicules automobiles
US4838613A (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-06-13 Smith Peter A Water chair
FR2642628B1 (fr) * 1989-02-09 1994-05-13 Saint Rapt Michel De Support muni d'elements deformables pour la stabilite et la mobilite du corps humain
AU1020695A (en) * 1994-01-25 1995-08-03 Terrance Richard Peter Thysse Multi-chambered inflatable apparatus and control unit therefor
US5556169A (en) 1994-07-15 1996-09-17 Parrish; Milton E. Multi-layer conformable support system
JPH08336565A (ja) * 1995-06-14 1996-12-24 Fuji Iryoki:Kk 椅子式エアーマッサージ機

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2002503518A (ja) 2002-02-05
EP1056424A4 (fr) 2002-07-17
AU2604399A (en) 1999-09-06
EP1056424A1 (fr) 2000-12-06
WO1999042069A1 (fr) 1999-08-26
AU736179B2 (en) 2001-07-26
DE69916584T2 (de) 2004-09-23
DE69916584D1 (de) 2004-05-27

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