EP1050067B1 - Elektrische glühlampe mit ir-reflexionsschicht - Google Patents
Elektrische glühlampe mit ir-reflexionsschicht Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1050067B1 EP1050067B1 EP99969839A EP99969839A EP1050067B1 EP 1050067 B1 EP1050067 B1 EP 1050067B1 EP 99969839 A EP99969839 A EP 99969839A EP 99969839 A EP99969839 A EP 99969839A EP 1050067 B1 EP1050067 B1 EP 1050067B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- shape
- incandescent lamp
- light
- luminous body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
- H01K1/32—Envelopes; Vessels provided with coatings on the walls; Vessels or coatings thereon characterised by the material thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/28—Envelopes; Vessels
- H01K1/32—Envelopes; Vessels provided with coatings on the walls; Vessels or coatings thereon characterised by the material thereof
- H01K1/325—Reflecting coating
Definitions
- the invention is based on an electric light bulb, in particular one Halogen incandescent lamp, with IR reflection layer according to the preamble of Claim 1.
- incandescent lamp with a flat one Luminous body, a so-called flat core filament.
- the cross section of Flat core filaments have not, like the filament of incandescent for General lighting, a circular cross section, but rather an elongated cross section.
- the reason for this is the adjustment of the Geometry of the spiral shape to the preferred for the respective main area of application Radiation characteristics of the lamp or filament.
- the difference for rotationally symmetrical radiation characteristics of conventional Incandescent lamps are made possible by the flat luminous body of the aforementioned Lamp types emphasize areal radiation, such as for technical-scientific lighting purposes as well as in photo optics, especially for projection purposes.
- Typical electrical Power values are in the range of approx. 50 to 400 watts.
- the one applied to the inside and / or outside surface of the lamp bulb Coating reflecting IR radiation - hereinafter shortened as an IR layer designated - causes a large part of the radiated from the filament IR radiation power is reflected back on it.
- the result achieved increase in lamp efficiency can be constant electrical power consumption for a temperature increase of the Luminous body and consequently an increase in luminous flux. on the other hand can be a predetermined luminous flux with lower electrical power consumption achieve - an advantageous "energy saving effect".
- Another desirable effect is that due to the IR layer significantly less IR radiation power radiated through the lamp bulb and so that the environment, e.g. an optical projection device, less is heated than with conventional light bulbs.
- the shape of the one provided with the IR layer Lamp bulb specially matched to the shape of the filament.
- GB-A 2 082 383 discloses a lamp with an ellipsoidal bulb an annular filament is arranged in the circular focal line is. An IR layer is applied to the piston wall.
- EP-A 0 470 496 discloses a lamp with a spherical bulb, in the center of which is a cylindrical filament. This font teaches that the loss of efficiency due to the deviation of the filament from the ideal spherical shape to an acceptable one under the following conditions Dimension can be limited. Either have piston diameters and filament diameter or length within a tolerance range be carefully coordinated, or the diameter of the Luminous body must be significantly smaller (small factor 0.05) than that of Lamp bulb. There is also a lamp with an ellipsoidal bulb specified, in the focal line an elongated filament axially arranged is.
- the invention has for its object a light bulb with a flat core filament to be specified as a flat filament, characterized by an efficient Returning the emitted IR radiation to the luminous element and consequently, a high level of efficiency. Another aspect is that Distribution of the returned IR radiation on the filament. Moreover should enable compact lamp dimensions with high luminance are being striven for, especially for low-voltage halogen incandescent lamps becomes.
- the invention proposes to specifically shape the lamp bulb so that the Lamp bulb with respect to lying in the light plane of the flat filament Axes has no rotational symmetry, but that the lamp bulb rather, a deviation from the rotational symmetry on the flat geometry of the filament, i.e. flattened shape having. If necessary, the shape of the base of the flat Luminous body on the actually irradiated by the reflected IR radiation Coordinate surface of the filament.
- the invention proposes that the shape of the lamp bulb essentially corresponds to an ellipsoid with three semiaxes, of which are at least two different lengths and the filament is arranged within the lamp bulb such that the shortest of the three semiaxes of this ellipsoid perpendicular to the light plane of the filament is oriented. In this way, the lamp bulb receives with viewing direction in the light plane looks at the desired flat shape.
- three sections are shown through an ellipsoid 1 with the three Semi-axes a, b and c.
- the cuts correspond to the viewing directions in the three Cartesian spatial axes x, y and z, which are also collinear with the three Semi-axes a, b and c are selected.
- the semiaxis c is shorter than the others two semiaxes a and b.
- a stylized one flat filament 2 with two mutually parallel rectangular bases 3 or 3 'centered. These two base areas 3 and 3 ' correspond to those of a real flat filament Luminous surfaces that essentially generate the luminous flux of the lamp.
- the luminous element 2 is now oriented within the ellipsoid 1 in such a way that its fictional light plane is perpendicular to the semiaxis c. So get lost the semiaxes a and b in the light plane and consequently parallel to the two base areas 3, 3 'of the luminous element 2.
- the specific values for the three semi-axes are in the individual case on the shape and to specifically coordinate the dimensions of the filament, that the most efficient possible return of the emitted IR radiation the filament is reached.
- the voting criteria for the three semi-axes also more towards a distribution that is as uniform as possible the returned IR radiation can be shifted on the filament.
- local IR radiation power maxima so-called "hot spots” are usually detrimental to the long life of the filament and should therefore be avoided.
- Improvement in distribution uniformity can also be achieved by a targeted adjustment of the outer shape of the filament to the shape of the retroreflective spot can be achieved on the filament. It has for example, it was found that, in the case of the maximum return of the emitted IR radiation, the retroreflective spot is substantially oval. For this reason, it can be advantageous for the filament as well choose an oval shape and also its outer dimensions to largely adapt those of the reflection spot.
- Luminous bodies with a circular base and for lighting fixtures that are at least rough Approximation can be considered circular, e.g. Filament with square base, it can be advantageous to use the semiaxes a and b of the ellipsoid to be of equal length.
- the targeted matching of the three ellipse half axes to the luminous element can be supported with so-called ray tracing methods.
- there light rays emanating from the flat core helix are tracked and the Ellipse semi-axes determined such that maximum return efficiency or an optimal uniformity of the distribution of the returned Rays of light on the. Helix or whatever Compromise is achieved.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a lamp 4 according to the invention shown schematically. It is a halogen light bulb with a nominal voltage of 24 V and a nominal power of 250 W or in a variant for 150 W.
- the following values refer to unless stated otherwise, to both types of services. For both types deviating values is first the value for the 250 W lamp type and the corresponding value for the 150 W lamp type specified.
- the lamp has a lamp bulb 5 which is pinched on one side and which its first end merges into a neck 6, which is in a pinch seal 7 ends. At its opposite end, the lamp bulb 5 has one Pump tip 8 on. The position of the pump tip 8 and the pinch seal 7 define a longitudinal axis LA of the lamp 4.
- TiO 2 TiO 2
- Ta 2 O 5 is also suitable.
- the IR layer also covers about half of the pinch seal 7. In this way, a particularly dimensionally stable shape of the IR layer 9 is achieved, since when the lamp bulb 5 is manufactured, the outer surface of the calculated contour of the ellipsoid is embossed.
- the individual layers in the region of the piston surface are particularly uniform. This reduces color errors.
- the length of the lamp neck 6 is approximately 2 mm with a maximum width of approx.9.6 mm.
- the lamp bulb 5 is made of quartz glass with a wall thickness of approx. 1 mm.
- the lamp bulb 5 shaped as an ellipsoid.
- the respective length of the three semiaxes a, b and c of this ellipsoid are 8.4 mm, 9 mm and 8 mm (8.2 mm, 8.5 mm, respectively) or 8 mm) for maximum efficiency and 9 mm, 9.6 mm and 8 mm for optimal Uniformity of the radiation return with the 250 W lamp type.
- a luminous element 10 is arranged centrally within the lamp bulb 5.
- the luminous element 10 consists of a simple flat core filament (shown here only schematically, but see Figures 3a and 3b).
- the spiral axis is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis LA of the lamp 9 and extends in that spanned by the semiaxes a and b of the ellipsoid Level.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b For further details on the flat core helix 10, see FIGS. 3a and 3b and the associated description of the figures.
- the current leads 11a, b are formed directly by the spiral wire and connected with molybdenum foils 12a, b in the pinch seal 7.
- the Molybdenum foils 12a, b are in turn connected to outer socket pins 13a, b.
- the lamp 4 has a color temperature of approximately 3400 K.
- the luminous flux is 12230 lm (6750 lm) with a power consumption of 265 W (158 W), accordingly a luminous efficacy of approx. 46 lm / W (42.7 lm / W).
- a comparable one conventional lamp will use the same electrical power only achieved a luminous flux of 9150 lm (5050 lm), accordingly a luminous efficacy of approx. 34.4 lm / W (32 lm / W).
- an increase in efficiency of up to 34% (33.7%) can be achieved.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show the flat core coil 10 from FIG. 2 in one Side view or in a section along the line AA.
- the Flachkemdietaryl 10 is made of a tungsten wire with a diameter of approx. 292 ⁇ m and wound a total of 17 turns (20 turns).
- the length L of the Helix 10 in the direction of the helix axis WA is approximately 7.4 mm (6.9 mm).
- the height H and width B are approx. 4 mm (3.26 mm) and 1.4 mm (1.15 mm).
- In the sectional view in Figure 3b is one in the sectional plane essentially elongated oval turn 14 of the flat core coil 10 and the gate 15 can be seen.
- the flat core filament of the lamp is off FIG. 2 shaped in such a way that the side view of the flat core helix is an oval, has a contour matched to the shape of the IR reflection spot.
- the respective height H of the individual turns on one first end of the helix small, then grows in the middle of the helix on it maximum height (in the example of the lamp from FIG. 2 to approx. 4 mm at 250 W Type) and decreases to the other end of the coil.
- the following tables 1, 2 and 3 use a ray tracing program to find the ellipse half axes a, b, c found suitable for three power types, namely 150 W, 250 W and 400 W.
- the ellipse semi-axis c was specified in each case and the other two ellipse semi-axes a, b were determined.
- the maximum value for the semiaxis c is often predetermined, depending on the area of use, for example in projectors by the intended installation depth.
- the wall thickness was assumed to be constant at 0.8 mm.
- the dimensions of the flat core helix provided for the respective power type in the plane spanned by the ellipse half axes a, b are also given.
- the following ratios of the three semi-axes a, b, c of an ellipsoid essentially forming the lamp bulb have been found turned out to be advantageous: 0.9 ⁇ c / a ⁇ 0.99, in particular 0.95 ⁇ c / a ⁇ 0.98 and 0.8 c c / b 0,9 0.97, in particular 0.85 c c / b horizoni 0.95, the two semi-axes a, b being in the plane of the flat-core coil and the semi-axis c being perpendicular to the light level of the flat-core coil.
Landscapes
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1a
- eine schematische Darstellung des Prinzips der Erfindung anhand eines Ellipsoiden und eines rechteckförmigen flachen Leuchtkörpers mit Blick in der z-Richtung,
- Figur 1b
- eine schematische Darstellung des Ellipsoiden mit Leuchtkörper aus Figur 1a mit Blick in der x-Richtung,
- Figur 1c
- wie Figur 1b, aber mit Blick in der y-Richtung,
- Figur 2
- eine NV-Halogenglühlampe mit IR-Schicht und einer Flachkernwendel sowie einer erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenform,
- Figur 3a
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Seitenansicht der Flachkemwendel aus Figur 2,
- Figur 3b
- eine Schnittdarstellung der Flachkernwendel aus Figur 3a entlang der Linie AA.
0,9 ≤ c / a ≤ 0,99, insbesondere 0,95 ≤ c / a ≤ 0,98 und
0,8 ≤ c / b ≤ 0,97, insbesondere 0,85 ≤ c / b ≤ 0,95, wobei die beiden Halbachsen a, b in der Ebene der Flachkernwendel und die Halbachse c senkrecht auf der Leuchtebene der Flachkernwendel steht.
Claims (8)
- Elektrische Glühlampe, insbesondere Halogenglühlampe (4), mit einem Lampenkolben (5), der eine IR-Strahlung reflektierende Schicht (9) aufweist und einem eine fiktive Leuchtebene definierenden flachen Leuchtkörper (10), wobei der Leuchtkörper (10) eine Flachkemwendel ist, und innerhalb des Lampenkolbens (5) angeordnet und mittels zweier Stromzuführungen (11a, 11b) gehaltert ist, wobei die beiden Stromzuführungen (11a, 11b) gasdicht nach außen geführt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Form des Lampenkolbens (5) bezüglich der in der Leuchtebene liegenden Achsen keine Rotationssymmetrie aufweist, sondern daß der Lampenkolben (5) vielmehr eine von der Rotationssymmetrie abweichende, auf die flache Geometrie des Leuchtkörpers (10) abgestimmte, d.h. abgeflachte Form aufweist.
- Glühlampe nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Form des Lampenkolbens (5) im wesentlichen einem Ellipsoiden (1) mit drei Halbachsen (a, b, c) entspricht, von denen mindestens zwei unterschiedlich lang sind und wobei der Leuchtkörper (2; 10) innerhalb des Lampenkolbens (5) derart angeordnet ist, daß die kürzeste (c) der drei Halbachsen dieses Ellipsoiden (1) senkrecht zur fiktiven Leuchtebene des Leuchtkörpers (2; 10) orientiert ist.
- Glühlampe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei für das Verhältnisse der Halbachsen a, c folgender Wertbereich gilt:
0,9 ≤ c / a ≤ 0,99, insbesondere 0,95 ≤ c / a ≤ 0,98. - Glühlampe nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, wobei für das Verhältnisse der Halbachsen b, c folgender Wertbereich gilt:
0,8 ≤ c / b ≤ 0,97, insbesondere 0,85 ≤ c / b ≤ 0,95. - Glühlampe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Umriß des Leuchtkörpers (10) parallel zur fiktiven Leuchtebene eine rechteckige Form aufweist.
- Glühlampe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Umriß des Leuchtkörpers parallel zur fiktiven Leuchtebene eine ovale Form aufweist.
- Glühlampe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Umriß des Leuchtkörpers parallel zur fiktiven Leuchtebene eine kreisförmige oder zumindest in grober Näherung kreisförmige Form aufweist, insbesondere auch die Form eines Quadrats oder regelmäßigen Vielecks.
- Glühlampe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lampenkolben (5) mindestens an einem Ende einen Lampenhals (6) aufweist, der mindestens eine Stromzuführung (11a, 11b) möglichst eng umgibt und dessen kolbenfernes Ende (8) gasdicht verschlossen ist
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19844519 | 1998-09-28 | ||
DE19844519A DE19844519C2 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1998-09-28 | Elektrische Glühlampe mit IR-Reflexionsschicht |
PCT/DE1999/002897 WO2000019489A1 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1999-09-13 | Elektrische glühlampe mit ir-reflexionsschicht |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1050067A1 EP1050067A1 (de) | 2000-11-08 |
EP1050067B1 true EP1050067B1 (de) | 2004-04-07 |
Family
ID=7882569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99969839A Expired - Lifetime EP1050067B1 (de) | 1998-09-28 | 1999-09-13 | Elektrische glühlampe mit ir-reflexionsschicht |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6424089B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1050067B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4567196B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100527331B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE264006T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2311941A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19844519C2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1050067T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000019489A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10229014A1 (de) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-02-05 | Siemens Ag | Scheinwerfersystem für die Veranstaltungstechnik |
US20060181207A1 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2006-08-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electric incandescent lamp with infrared reflecting layer |
DE10318051A1 (de) * | 2003-04-17 | 2004-11-04 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Halogenglühlampe |
US20090134793A1 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-05-28 | Cseh Geza Z | Ir reflecting grating for halogen lamps |
JP5178610B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-13 | 2013-04-10 | シャープ株式会社 | 光照射装置 |
US7965026B2 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2011-06-21 | General Electric Company | Lamp with IR suppressing composite |
US20180049466A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-02-22 | Healthier Choices Management Corp | Electronic cigarette |
US20180035721A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-02-08 | Healthier Choices Management Corp | Electronic cigarette |
US11064732B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2021-07-20 | Healthier Choices Management Corp. | Electronic vaporizer cartridge with encased heat source |
US20190274355A1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-12 | Healthier Choices Management Corp | Electronic cigarette |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1130069B (de) * | 1960-07-08 | 1962-05-24 | Patra Patent Treuhand | Elektrische Gluehlampe mit verspiegeltem Gefaessteil fuer Projektoren |
NL6505581A (de) * | 1965-04-30 | 1966-10-31 | ||
FR2465313B1 (fr) * | 1979-09-17 | 1986-04-11 | Duro Test Corp | Enveloppe ellipsoidale pour lampe a incandescence, comprenant des moyens de renvoi de l'energie infrarouge |
US4375605A (en) | 1979-09-17 | 1983-03-01 | Duro-Test Corporation | Ellipsoidal envelope for incandescent lamp with infrared energy return means |
US4379249A (en) | 1980-08-20 | 1983-04-05 | Duro-Test, Corporation | Incandescent lamp with ellipsoidal envelope and infrared reflector |
US4535269A (en) | 1983-08-01 | 1985-08-13 | General Electric Company | Incandescent lamp |
US4756701A (en) | 1986-06-19 | 1988-07-12 | General Electric Company | Method of making a tungsten-halogen lamps having an enhanced temperature gradient |
JPH03283350A (ja) * | 1990-03-30 | 1991-12-13 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | 白熱電球 |
JPH0492358A (ja) * | 1990-08-07 | 1992-03-25 | Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp | 反射鏡付電球 |
EP0470496A3 (en) * | 1990-08-07 | 1992-08-26 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corporation | Incandescent lamp and reflector type projection lamp |
DE4420607A1 (de) * | 1994-06-13 | 1995-12-14 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Elektrische Glühlampe und Leuchtkörper für Glühlampen |
JP3532011B2 (ja) * | 1995-03-31 | 2004-05-31 | ハリソン東芝ライティング株式会社 | 電球、車両用前照灯および車両 |
JP3518151B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-27 | 2004-04-12 | 東芝ライテック株式会社 | 白熱電球および反射形照明装置 |
DE19701792A1 (de) | 1997-01-20 | 1998-07-23 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Glühlampe mit Reflexionsschicht |
DE19701794A1 (de) * | 1997-01-20 | 1998-07-23 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Glühlampe mit Reflexionsschicht |
-
1998
- 1998-09-28 DE DE19844519A patent/DE19844519C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-09-13 DE DE59909116T patent/DE59909116D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-13 KR KR10-2000-7005776A patent/KR100527331B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-13 WO PCT/DE1999/002897 patent/WO2000019489A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-09-13 EP EP99969839A patent/EP1050067B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-09-13 US US09/554,880 patent/US6424089B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-13 JP JP2000572898A patent/JP4567196B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-09-13 CA CA002311941A patent/CA2311941A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-09-13 AT AT99969839T patent/ATE264006T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-09-13 DK DK99969839T patent/DK1050067T3/da active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4567196B2 (ja) | 2010-10-20 |
DE59909116D1 (de) | 2004-05-13 |
DE19844519A1 (de) | 2000-04-06 |
ATE264006T1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
WO2000019489A1 (de) | 2000-04-06 |
KR20010032533A (ko) | 2001-04-25 |
DE19844519C2 (de) | 2000-08-03 |
US6424089B1 (en) | 2002-07-23 |
KR100527331B1 (ko) | 2005-11-09 |
EP1050067A1 (de) | 2000-11-08 |
JP2002526896A (ja) | 2002-08-20 |
CA2311941A1 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
DK1050067T3 (da) | 2004-05-10 |
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