Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
  • F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
  • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
  • F02M37/08—Feeding by means of driven pumps electrically driven
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
  • F02M51/04—Pumps peculiar thereto
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
  • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
  • F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
  • F02M69/045—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit for injecting into the combustion chamber
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
  • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
  • F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
  • F04B17/042—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the solenoid motor being separated from the fluid flow
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
  • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
  • F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
  • F04B17/046—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the fluid flowing through the moving part of the motor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of liquid pressure and flow systems and in particular liquid enhancer devices comprising an electromechanical transducer.
• the invention is intended in particular for pumping and injecting fuel into an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
• Fuel pumps are known in which an electromagnetic transducer sets in motion
• the document EP-B-0 605 903 thus describes an electromagnetic automobile injection pump in
• the pump body comprises a fixed electric coil and an axial bore provided with non-return balls.
• a magnetic tubular piston freely placed in the bore is set in motion by the alternating magnetic flux of the winding in order to
• Such a pump has the disadvantage of having limited electromagnetic efficiency (the magnetic field radiates in all directions) and a high inertia.
• cryogenic pumps are known.
• electromagnetic transducer in which reciprocating rectilinear motion is provided a tubular piston in a cylinder liner for compressing refrigerating gas in a compression chamber formed by the cylinder head and then for discharging the gas into a reservoir chamber connected to a cryogenic convector.
• An object of the invention is to design a completion device suitable for pumping liquids without the aforementioned drawbacks.
• a particular object of the invention is to provide a fuel exhausting device having a small footprint, high power and great flexibility of control.
• a dewatering device having an electrodynamic transducer, that is to say having a movable electric coil in a static magnetic circuit, the coil being arranged on a light mobile equipment comprising a piston able to put the liquid in circulation.
• the electrical excitation of the coil reciprocates the moving element and its piston.
• This mobile assembly is particularly light, which advantageously reduces the pumping inertia.
• the proposed magnetic circuit structure provides high electromagnetic efficiency.
• the speed, force and amplitude of movement of the piston can be controlled electrically. In this way, one can advantageously control the flow rate, the pressure, or even the elementary volume of liquid put into circulation.
• the invention relates to a liquid flow and pressure enhancer device comprising means for forced circulation of the liquid formed by an electrodynamic transducer comprising a movable unit in translation constituted by a piston engaging in an axial bore of a fixed body, the latter comprising a magnetic circuit with reduced air gap and the movable assembly comprising in particular an electric coil subject to at least a second part to be controlled in reciprocating rectilinear movement and engaging in the air gap so as to place the crew in reciprocating translational movement, characterized in that the movable assembly comprises a hydrodynamically-shaped connecting piece securing the second piece and the coil.
• the movable assembly may include a full column piston or, preferably, a hollow tubular piston.
• the tubular piston can advantageously include a capillary of constant section.
• the magnetic circuit extends transversely to the axial bore and that the air gap has an axial height less than the coil.
• the air gap can have an axial height significantly greater than the coil, as long as the coil and the air gap have a difference in axial heights greater than the axial stroke of the piston, in order to exert a constant electromotive force.
• the magnetic circuit comprises a central pole piece, a concentric air gap with transverse magnetic field and / or a magnetic core with a magnetization axis parallel to
• the invention provides that the movable assembly comprises a connecting piece of mechanically functional shape, in particular of hydrodynamic shape, which secures the piston and the coil.
• the connecting piece is produced by injection, molding and compression of material.
• the connecting piece constricts the piston.
• a step consists in controlling the electrical control signals to control the circulation of liquid.
• the invention also relates more generally to a method for assembling cross-functional combination of at least two elements including an electric coil.
• an electrodynamic transducer in particular fluidic or acoustic, comprising a movable assembly of low inertia, consisting of at least two functional parts integral with each other and one of which is a first electric coil intended to move under the effect of a magnetic field and to which is subjected at least a second part to be controlled in reciprocating rectilinear movement.
• this type of mobile assembly is intended to equip fluidic or acoustic electrodynamic transducers, water pumps for hydraulic regulation, fuel oil or petrol pumps for the automobile including injection pumps, but also electrodynamic pumps for household use such as coffee machines or washing machines, or in the manufacture of loudspeakers.
• the assembly of the various constituent elements between them is obtained at present by gluing the coil to different parts including a membrane, a coil centering element also serving as a return means called "speeder" , and a dust protection dome.
• the invention applies to all other types of devices than those set out above, from the moment when they comprise an electrodynamic transducer provided with a mobile assembly.
• the invention therefore also relates to a method of manufacturing the aforementioned movable assembly, characterized in that the assembly of the coil and the second part, for example the piston, is carried out by means of 'A common connecting element made from a synthetic material and constituting a third functional part of assembly for a single operation allowing a cross-functional combinative assembly.
• the connecting element constituting the third functional part is produced by injecting material into an impression of a mold, by molding or by any means of using synthetic material, element from which comes on the one hand a support of the electric coil constituting the first part, and on the other hand the coaxial element to be controlled constituting the second part.
• FIG. 1A represents a view in longitudinal section of a liquid enhancer device according to a first embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 1B represents a cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 1A along the section line BB
• - FIG. 2 represents a view in longitudinal section of a closed device pushing according to a second embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 3 represents a view in longitudinal section of a closed device pulling according to a third embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4 represents a view in longitudinal section of a fourth embodiment of device according to the invention, which is a variant of the closed device pulling from FIG. 3, FIG.
• FIG. 5 represents a view in longitudinal section of a closed pushing device with inlet chamber and discharge chamber with injector according to a fifth embodiment of the invention
• - Figure 6 shows a longitudinal sectional view of an open pulling device according to a seventh embodiment of the invention
• Figure 7 shows a longitudinal sectional view e of a device open to two delivery and central intake chambers according to a seventh embodiment of the invention
• FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C and 8D illustrate atically the priming and pumping phases of a liquid enhancer device according to the invention
• FIG. 9 represents views of details of embodiment of a mobile assembly of the device according to the invention, FIG. 9A representing a view in longitudinal section, FIG. 9B representing a view in cross section,
• FIG. 10 represents a first example of application of a device according to the invention to an automobile fueling circuit
• FIG. 11 shows a second example of application of a device according to the invention to an automobile fueling circuit.
• FIG. 12 is an end view of a movable assembly of an electrodynamic fluid transducer according to the invention.
• Figure 13 is a sectional view along line XIII. XIII of Figure 12.
• Figure 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mold for the implementation of a method according to the invention for obtaining a movable assembly according to a first embodiment applied to the pumps .
• Figure 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mold for the implementation of a method according to the invention for obtaining a movable assembly according to a second embodiment applied to the pumps.
• Figure 16 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mold for the implementation of a method according to the invention for obtaining a movable assembly according to a third embodiment applied to the pumps.
• Figure 17 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mold for the implementation of a method according to the invention for obtaining a movable assembly according to a fourth embodiment applied to the pumps.
• FIG. 18 is a view in longitudinal section of a mobile assembly according to an alternative embodiment of FIG. 17.
• FIG. 19 is an end view of a mobile assembly according to FIG. 18.
• - Figures 20 to 25 are alternative embodiments showing the strengthening of the connection of a piston with the connecting element.
• - Figure 26 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mold for the implementation of a method according to the invention for obtaining a movable assembly according to a first embodiment applied to a loudspeaker.
• - Figure 27 is a longitudinal sectional view of a mold for the implementation of a method according to the invention for obtaining a movable assembly according to a second embodiment applied to a loudspeaker.
• liquid enhancer device is meant in the present a liquid pressure and flow system for circulating the liquid at a higher pressure or level.
• the device can, for example, fulfill the functions of the fuel tank pump, in-line booster from the supply to the injectors or even directly from the volume injector-pump of an automobile engine.
• Figure 1 shows a simplified embodiment of the device according to the invention. It can be seen that the device comprises a fixed body 10 consisting mainly of an electrical transducer 30 extending transversely to the direction of circulation of the liquid, represented by arrows in the figures.
• the device incidentally comprises a zone or chamber 14 for admitting the liquid and a zone or chamber 11 for discharging the liquid which can be the subject of multiple embodiments, some of which will be detailed by way of example later.
• An electromechanical transducer is generally a system converting an electrical command into a mechanical phenomenon of the vibratory movement, pressure wave or fluid circulation type.
• the transducer is used simply to generate a reciprocating rectilinear movement of a moving assembly in order to give the liquid a positive movement.
• electromechanical transducers there are electromagnetic transducers and electrodynamic transducers.
• Electromagnetic transducers have a moving magnetic core in a fixed inductor circuit that generates an alternating magnetic flux.
• An example of an electromagnetic transducer applied to pumping is described in patent EP-B-0 605 903.
• the magnetic core consists of a movable tubular piston with several permanent magnets.
• the piston is set in motion by a fixed inductor circuit comprising inductive electric windings.
• the mobile part comprises one or more light electrical coils instead of magnets.
• the coil engages in a fixed inductive magnetic circuit which provides a static magnetic flux.
• the fixed magnetic circuit is preferably provided with a permanent magnetic core, formed of magnets for example.
• magnets can be replaced by inductive electric windings.
• Such a variant advantageously makes it possible to modulate the static magnetic flux and to modify the operating parameters of the device.
• the device 10 thus comprises an electrodynamic transducer 30, the fixed body 10 comprising a magnetic circuit with an air gap which cooperates with a movable assembly 40 comprising an armature coil 43.
• An advantage of the electrodynamic transducer is the lightness of the moving assembly which limits the inertia of the device and makes it possible to carry out a rapid, precise pumping control which can reach high frequencies with appropriate electrical pulses.
• the movable assembly 40 comprises a hollow tubular piston 41 engaging in an axial bore 13 of the fixed body 10. The circulation of the liquid can thus advantageously take place in a straight line and without turbulence.
• the axial bore 13 passes through the fixed body 10 and the hollow tubular piston 41 passes completely through the bore 13.
• one end 47 of the piston 41 is disposed in a chamber inlet 14 located on one side of the transducer 30, the other end 23 of the piston 41 opening into a discharge chamber 11 situated on the other side of the transducer 30.
• the liquid contained in the chamber 14 penetrates to inside the hollow tubular piston 41 through the end 47.
• Forced circulation means are provided such as a valve 22 disposed at the end 23 of the piston tube, to force the liquid to move in one direction only during the reciprocating movement of the piston 41.
• the valve 22 is generally of conical shape, the edge of the end 23 of the piston having a shape of a complementary conical seat.
• a sphero-conical valve that is to say consisting of a portion of a sphere surmounted by a conical needle, the interior of the sphere itself being hollowed out to leave a conical hollow.
• the shape of the valve 22 is thus adapted to have a low hydraulic resistance and a good seal.
• FIGS. 8A and 8B schematically show the priming phases of the device according to the invention (filled with air instead of liquid) in an ideal case where the device does not include an outlet member hindering the expulsion of the air.
• Figures 8C and 8D show the operation of the device once primed, that is to say filled with liquid.
• valve 22 opens by inertia clean and by preserving the forward movement of the liquid contained in the hollow 24 of the tubular piston.
• the liquid therefore fills the discharge chamber 11, and naturally occupies the volume abandoned by the piston in the discharge chamber 11.
• the circulation therefore takes place substantially without turbulence of the liquid in translation.
• FIGS. 1 to 7 show that the delivery chamber 11 can have a natural volume clearly greater than the volume of the chamber occupied by the piston.
• the chamber can serve as a reservoir for pressurized liquid.
• the device according to the invention must be self-orientable and if the chamber 11 includes an outlet member 21 calibrated at a high pressure, it is preferable, alternatively, to reduce the proper volume of the chamber, this is ie the volume of the chamber 11 that the piston cannot occupy.
• the ratio of the volume occupied by the piston to the volume of the chamber must then correspond to the nominal opening pressure of the outlet member. So the air present in the defused device can be sufficiently compressed to be expelled from the delivery chamber 11 and initiate a vacuum in the chamber 11 when the piston returns. It is understood that in order to be primed under high pressure, the device according to the invention must preferably comprise two valves 21 and 22 alternately closing the inlet and the outlet of the chamber 11. Another measure may consist in providing an electric pulse sufficient self-priming to expel the air contained by the exhausting device.
• the volume of liquid circulated corresponds exactly to the change in volume of the chamber occupied by the piston during a round trip. This volume corresponds substantially to the product of the cross-sectional area of the piston by the length of the stroke C of the piston.
• An advantage of the device according to the invention is the precise metering of the volume of liquid discharged at each round trip of the piston.
• the mobile assembly 40 and the piston 41 move between two stops constituted for example by a central core 33 of the transducer and by the walls 16 of an inlet chamber 14 .
• the volume of liquid discharged therefore corresponds substantially to the product of the section of the piston by the distance separating the stops. It is then necessary to apply an electrical control having a sufficient amplitude to bring the piston into abutments. In such an implementation, the pumped volume is fixed.
• the invention provides an advantageous control method, wherein the amplitude of the piston movement is modulated by modulating the parameters of the electrical control signals applied to the device.
• the intensity of the signal influences the pressure of the liquid
• - the voltage of the signal influences the flow of the liquid
• the duration of a control pulse influences the elementary volume of pumped liquid
• the frequency of the control pulses influences the rate and the overall volume of pumped liquid
• the shape of a pulse (waveform) allows to vary the laws of flow, pressure of each elementary volume of pumped liquid.
• the electrodynamic transducer structure 30 more specifically comprises a magnetic circuit 31, 32, 32 ', 33 with gap 34 in which engages the cylindrical electric coil 43 wound on a cylindrical support 44 of the movable assembly 40.
• the coil 43 d the armature preferably has a low impedance.
• the impedance of the armature coil is of the order of a few Ohms. It should be noted that a continuous potential of 12 volts advantageously makes it possible to obtain a large magnetic flux for a reduced bulk.
• Figure 1 shows that the support 44 and the coil 43 are preferably cylinders of revolution. It can also be provided that the support and the coil are not circular but, for example square, rectangular, hexagonal or other. However, the support and the armature coil remain cylindrical in the strict sense, that is to say that their circular or non-circular section, is constant by translation along an axis, represented here by the axis of the bore. Thus, when the piston 41 moves in the bore 13, the support 44 and coil 43 parts present in the air gap 34 are invariant, as visible in FIG. 1B. It is preferable that the pole piece 33 has a shape capable of cooperating with the shape of the support 44 and of the coil, for example a cylindrical shape of revolution, with a square, rectangular, hexagonal or other section. The air gap 34 then has correspondingly shaped limits, for example square edges etc., the edges preferably being concentric so that the magnetic field passes substantially orthogonally through the turns of the armature coil 43.
• FIG. 1A shows that the magnetic circuit 30 comprises a permanent magnetic core 31 of revolution.
• the N-S axis of north-south magnetization of the core is preferably parallel to the axis of revolution.
• One pole S for example the south pole, is attached to a field plate 32 'in the form of a washer and the other pole N is attached to a field plate 32 in the form of a disc.
• the plate 32 is itself in contact with a pole piece 33 which is cylindrical and concentric with the core 31.
• the magnetic circuit 30 can be formed of a one-piece body 32.33, which avoids magnetic leaks.
• a concentric air gap 34 in which a radial magnetic field, or more generally transverse to the axis of the bore, is present.
• An advantage of such a magnetic circuit structure is that the air gap 34 can have a very small width e and have a high and regular magnetic induction.
• the air gap 34 preferably has a low axial height h so that the reduced air gap volume 34 has an intense magnetic induction.
• An advantage of such an arrangement is the high electromagnetic efficiency of the transducer.
• Another advantage is that the magnetic circuit 30 then has a reduced bulk.
• the armature coil 43 preferably has a high height H of turns so that the number of turns present in the air gap is invariant whatever the position in translation of the mobile assembly.
• the electromotive force which is exerted on the coil 43 and on the movable assembly 40 is substantially constant, that is to say does not depend on the position of the assembly. Indeed, the electromotive force simply depends on the length of wire present in the air gap, on the intensity of the electric current in the wire and, on the other hand, on the induction of the static magnetic circuit.
• the air gap 34 has an axial height h less than the height H of the coil 43.
• the air gap has a large axial height and that the armature coil has a reduced turn height, so that all the turns of the coils are present in the air gap whatever the position of the mobile assembly.
• the electromagnetic efficiency is still high and the electromotive force is also constant since the length of wire present in the air gap does not vary. Generally therefore, it is expected that the armature coil and the air gap have a difference in axial heights greater than the axial travel C of the movable assembly.
• the formulation is as follows: h - H> C Taking care to give the mobile assembly 40 a stroke length C less than the difference in coil and air gap heights, it can be ensured that the force applied to the mobile assembly 40 is constant, provided that the excitation current passing through the coil 43 has a fixed value. Consequently, the discharge pressure of the liquid is advantageously constant. Another advantage is that the displacement of the movable assembly 40 and of the piston 41 is then substantially linear as a function of the duration of the excitation pulses.
• the electromotive force applied to the mobile assembly 40 is proportional to the intensity of the electric current which passes through the turns of the coil 43 of the armature.
• the liquid pressure control obtained by such a method is particularly advantageous in an application of the device to automotive fuel injection.
• the bore 13 provided for the engagement of the tubular piston 41 is preferably made in the center of the pole piece 33 of the magnetic transducer circuit 30.
• the bore is preferably through and bearings 12 and 12 'for guiding and sealing of the piston can be arranged at the outlets of the bore 13.
• the bearings or guide rings are preferably two in number to keep the isostatism in displacement of the piston 41.
• the piston 41 preferably has a length L longitudinal clearly greater than the length 1 of the bore 13 so as to penetrate sufficiently into each chamber 11, 14 and allow a sufficiently long piston stroke 41.
• the realization of the piston 41 is preferably carried out from a light and pressure-resistant material, such as a non-ferromagnetic metal, a reinforced plastic material or a composite or synthetic material.
• the mobile assembly 40 is produced in particular by winding a suitable electric wire on the cylindrical support 44, providing optionally internal “and outer coils on the support 44.
• the support 44 of the coil 43 and the piston are secured by a connecting piece 45 preferably produced by injection, molding and compression of material.
• the connecting piece 45 is given a hydrodynamic shape as can be seen in the side and top views of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
• the hydrodynamic shape advantageously limits the inertia and the viscosity opposing the movements of the mobile assembly 40. It is in particular provided according to the invention that the quantity of material binding the two elements, joined to the action of pressure allows to shrink the piston, that is to say to locally decrease its diameter to form a solid attachment.
• the discharge chamber 11 provision is preferably made for the discharge chamber 11 to include an outlet member 21 serving as a means of forced circulation, such as a valve, a valve or a valve.
• an outlet member 21 serving as a means of forced circulation, such as a valve, a valve or a valve.
• the presence of the outlet member 21 prevents the liquid expelled from the chamber 11 by the forward movement of the piston 41 from returning to the chamber during the return movement and blocks the valve 22 when the pressure P Q of the liquid outlet is high .
• the presence of two check valves 21 and 22 thus makes it possible to achieve a high discharge pressure P.
• the outlet member 21 can advantageously be pressure calibrated in order to maintain a determined level of pressure downstream of the device. It is thus possible to provide that the delivery chamber 11 comprises a valve 21 calibrated in pressure P Q • Such an arrangement makes it possible by example that the liquid circulating downstream is subjected to a high pressure P 0 .
• the outlet member 21 may be a nozzle for vaporizing the liquid, in particular fuel, if the downstream circuit is depressurized, the only difference in pressure P prevailing in the chamber and pressure p 0 prevailing in the downstream circuit sufficient to spray the liquid in the form of vapor or aerosol.
• spraying means can be provided, such as a part acting as an injector or a nozzle, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5.
• Multiple injection and nozzle control devices in particular allowing the dynamics to be changed of the jet of liquid depending on the pressure, are known to those skilled in the art and can be implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.
• a special feature of the device according to the invention is however to be able to operate with a single valve 22 if the pressure differential Pn ⁇ Pi at the outlet and at the inlet is small or nonexistent.
• the device according to the invention is naturally primable when the outlet pressure is low.
• FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment designated under the name of gaveur closed pushing. It in fact comprises a discharge chamber 11 and an intake chamber 14 adjacent to each field plate 32 and 32 'of the central transducer 30.
• the armature coil 43 is arranged on the intake side so as to push the piston 41.
• the chambers 11 and 14 therefore have a wall delimited by the magnetic circuit 30 of the body 10 of the device and by a sealing bearing 12 disposed in the axial bore 13 of the body of the device.
• the inlet chamber 14, optional in the first embodiment, is this time delimited by a strainer 26 for filtering possible impurities from the liquid.
• the piston 41 then comprises two distal parts respectively entering a delivery chamber 11 and an inlet chamber 14.
• the pushing closed booster of FIG. 2 comprises springs 50 and 51 accumulating energy during the forward movement of the piston.
• Such return means 50 and 51 restore the energy accumulated to cause the return movement of the piston.
• the mobile assembly comes to rest against the stop 53.
• a positive pulse that is to say conventionally having a positive polarity
• the end of the pulse causes " the return movement of the piston.
• the stop 53 and the spring 50 or 51 advantageously make it possible to define an origin for controlling the movements of the piston.
• Another advantage of the presence of return means is to eliminate the need for a negative return pulse from the piston and to simplify the power supply to the device. Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous in cases where there is no three-pole power supply (so-called symmetrical power supplies with three terminals: positive, neutral and negative), which is the case on an automobile.
• the return means 50 and 51 accumulate mechanical energy during the return movement of the piston 41 (energy which would be dissipated unnecessarily in the absence of return means) and restore energy during the forward movement. This allows a higher force to be applied to the piston, thus increasing the discharge pressure of the liquid.
• An advantage of such an arrangement of return means is that it makes it possible to multiply the level of the output pressure P Q which can be obtained with a power supply of limited power.
• Another role of the return means is to limit the amplitude of movement of the piston as a function of the power of the electrical control.
• the restoring force exerted by the spring 50 in fact increases linearly with the displacement of the piston.
• the displacement amplitude of the piston is then limited by the electromagnetic force applied, that is to say by the control voltage applied to the armature coil.
• a return spring 51 it is possible for a return spring 51 to be of conical shape so that the return force varies exponentially.
• the return means are formed by a pneumatic spring of the balloon or chamber type inflated by a gas.
• FIG. 2 also shows that the armature coil 43 is supplied by two wires 52 and 52 ′ floating in the intake chamber.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a third embodiment of the device according to the invention designated by the name of closed pulling force-feeder. Unlike the second embodiment, the mobile assembly 45 and the coil 43 are arranged on the side of the delivery chamber 11 so as to pull the piston 41.
• FIG. 4 illustrates a fourth embodiment in which return means 50, 51 and 50 ′, 51 ′ in opposition are provided.
• a spring 50 ' is arranged symmetrically with the return spring 50 so that the piston has an intermediate rest position between the stops.
• Two conical springs 51 and 51 ' can also be supported symmetrically " on the connecting piece 45 of the mobile assembly.
• An advantage of the return means in opposition is that the piston has a central rest position and can be controlled indistinctly in a forward direction or in a return direction.
• Another advantage of this fourth embodiment is the appearance of a resonance phenomenon.
• the return means have in fact a resonance frequency for which the amplitude of displacement of the piston and the metered volume will be maximum. This arrangement is advantageous for obtaining a fixed flow rate.
• FIG. 5 illustrates a fifth embodiment, relating to a pushing closed booster, close to that of FIG. 2, but particularly intended for automobile injection.
• the booster has a discharge chamber 11 connected to a vaporization system 15 allowing the injection of fuel.
• Such an injection system can have pressure and liquid circulation characteristics adapted to the engine's carburetion regime. It may include a valve 21 calibrated in pressure P Q.
• the device according to the invention makes it possible to reach a pressure P for discharging liquid fuel sufficient relative to this minimum pressure P Q.
• the method of controlling the device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to control the discharge pressure P and to control the flow rate, therefore the fuel consumption.
• control pulses make it possible to control at the same time the instant, the volume and the pressure injection of fuel into a mixing zone and consequently into a combustion chamber of an engine.
• the delivery chamber 11 has reinforced walls 15, 17, which can also constitute a bearing for guiding the piston 41.
• the movable assembly is pulled into abutment 53 by two tension springs 50 and 51 bearing at diametrically opposite points of the connecting piece 45 of the movable assembly.
• the two springs 50 and 51 are preferably metallic and are connected respectively to two wires 52 ′ and 52 of electrical supply and to two ends of the coil 43. This produces an advantageous electrical supply of the movable armature coil.
• FIG. 6 there is shown a sixth embodiment designated by the name of pulling open feeder.
• the discharge chamber 11 is this time disposed in a non-adjacent manner to the transducer 30 and the moving element 40 is disposed between the chamber 11 and the transducer 30.
• the armature coil 43 of the moving element 40 is then disposed outside any chamber 11 or 14.
• the liquid may not be in contact with the electric coil 43.
• the crew mobile is in direct contact with the liquid.
• the advantage in this case is the importance of cooling the coil. Note in passing that in closed feeders, the coil is cooled by the circulating liquid.
• FIG. 6 shows that two bearings 12 and " 12 'for guiding the piston are inserted respectively in the wall 17 of the discharge chamber 11 and in the bore 13 near the movable assembly 40.
• the embodiment of open feeder can be declined according to the various embodiments previously described and in particular in the form of a pushing open feeder.
• FIG. 6 is shown the variant of magnetic frame 30 in which the permanent magnet is replaced by an electric coil 36 surrounding the central pole piece 33, the piece 33 being arranged so that the inductor coil 36 and the coil of armature 43 do not come into contact.
• Such an inductor winding can be provided as a variant on all the embodiments.
• the inductor winding of the magnetic circuit 30 can be arranged around the pole piece 33 or at another level of the magnetic circuit 30, in particular in place of the magnets 31 of the magnetic core.
• the winding 36 has an electromotive excitation role on the voice coil 43.
• the inductor winding 36 can in particular be supplied by a direct electric current to obtain a static excitation.
• the essential advantage of replacing the magnet with an inductor coil 36 is the significant reduction in size and weight of the transducer 30, as shown in FIG. 6.
• FIG. 7 illustrates a seventh particularly original embodiment designated under the name of symmetrical open feeder.
• This device of FIG. 7 comprises two delivery chambers 11 and 11 ′ into which the two ends 23 and 23 ′ of the tubular piston 41 penetrate respectively.
• the opening or openings 25 are preferably provided in a part central and put the recess 24 of the tubular piston into communication with an inlet zone 14 or a possible liquid inlet chamber.
• the openings 25 advantageously have a form of whistle extending longitudinally to the piston 41.
• the movable element 40 is arranged outside the discharge chambers 11, it 'and outside the intake chamber (or zone) 14 thus justifying the designation of open feeder.
• the seventh embodiment of the device according to the invention has the advantage of allowing the supply of two downstream circuits from a single tank and especially using a single transducer.
• the symmetrical open feeding device advantageously doses equal quantities of liquid in each downstream circuit.
• This embodiment is particularly advantageous for supplying combustion engine chambers. Indeed, the size of the exhausting devices is reduced and each symmetrical device allows a balanced supply of two cylinders.
• FIG. 10 illustrates a first example of an application of a device according to the invention to pumping fuel in which the device 100 is directly immersed in a tank 200. The admission then takes place directly at the level of the tank.
• the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7, in which the construction of the intake chamber 14 is sketched (to adapt a strainer 26), are particularly suitable for this first example of application.
• the pump supplies a fuel circuit on which is inserted a filter 300 and an injection rail.
• the ramp feeds an injector which may be a solenoid valve, spraying the fuel into an intake manifold 400.
• the mixing is therefore carried out upstream of the intake valve of an engine combustion chamber 1000.
• Another essential advantage of such an implementation is the elimination of the conventional fuel overflow return circuits, necessary with conventional pumps with fixed flow. It will be noted, moreover, that the injection ramp can be produced in a very simple manner, since it removes the pressure regulator which serves to evacuate the overflow of liquid.
• FIG. 11 illustrates a second example of application of a device according to the invention in which the device 500 is directly mounted on the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder 1000 in order to obtain direct injection.
• the supply circuit upstream of the device 500 can be a conventional pumping circuit or, alternatively, the supply circuit 100, 200, 300 of FIG. 10. It can even be provided that the enhancer device 500 directly takes the fuel into the tank via a probe.
• the embodiments of the injector device illustrated in FIGS. 2, 3, 6, 7 and in particular that of FIG. 5, are well suited to this second example of application.
• the device as an injector, it is advantageously possible to modulate the pressure, the elementary volume and the temporal laws of injection (instant and duration of injection, progressive pressure and flow rate, stratification of the mixture in the bedroom) .
• An advantage of such an implementation is the simplification of the carburetion circuit.
• the essential advantage of this second example of application is the possibility of mounting the device as close as possible to the engine cylinders 1000 and making direct injection. This advantageous mounting possibility is made possible by the reduced size of the device according to the invention compared with the size of conventional pumps.
• a particular advantage is that the reciprocating movement of the piston of the moving part of the device makes it possible to cut off the injection suddenly without the known drop phenomena on conventional injectors.
• the exhausting device can be applied to pumping lubricating oil, pumping coolant, as well as pumping washer fluid.
• the control device and method according to the invention can be implemented in household, food or medical applications.
• the device is suitable for injecting liquid fuel into a boiler.
• the device can also be used as an inline booster on a domestic water pipe.
• the device can also advantageously serve as a pump for dewatering and vaporizing a percolator or a similar household appliance.
• an alternative embodiment will be chosen with membranes 54 and 54 ′, as illustrated in FIG. 6.
• the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an electrodynamic transducer, in particular fluidic or acoustic, as described above and comprising a movable assembly 40 of low inertia.
• the mobile assembly object of the invention and represented in FIGS. 12 to 25 relates to an electrodynamic transducer entering into the constitution of a liquid pumping system allowing to circulate the latter at a pressure or at a higher level, such as for example fulfilling the functions of fuel tank pumps, booster boosters in line from the supply to the injectors, or even directly of pump injectors automotive engine volumes.
• the moving element 40 is made up of at least two functional parts integral with each other, and a first part of which is an electric coil 43 intended to move, as explained above, by the combined effect of a electric current on a magnetic field, and to which is subjected at least a second coaxial part, in this case a tubular piston 41, hollow in the present embodiment, to be controlled in reciprocating rectilinear movement.
• the assembly of the functional parts 41 and 43 is carried out by means of a common connecting element 45 obtained by injection of a synthetic material and constituting a third functional part, for the obtaining a cross-functional combinatorial assembly.
• This connection can also be obtained by molding or by thermoforming.
• the complete connections between the coil 43 and the piston 41 must rigidly transmit the vibrations and the forces created by the electrodynamic coil-motor actions.
• the connecting piece 45 is composed of a cylindrical crown 49 of preferably hydrodynamic section, connected to another crown 48 by several branches or spokes 46, in this case four in number, but this number n 'being not limiting.
• the support 44 of the coil 43 and the piston 41 are trapped respectively by the rings 49 and 48.
• a deformation of the piston 41 which shrinks under the action of the injection pressure, makes it possible to obtain a complete connection, in the case of materials with low mechanical resistance such as aluminum or plastic.
• the connecting element 45 constituting the third functional part is produced by injection of a thermoplastic or thermosetting material, into a cavity 106 of a mold 107 generally formed of a fixed part 107c and two movable drawers 107a, 107b, the fixed part 107c and drawers 107a and 107b defining between them a joint plane 108 on either side of which half-impressions 106a, 106b are produced.
• the relative positioning of the support 44 of the coil 43 constituting the first part, relative to the coaxial element 41 constituting the second part, is effected by means of a movable cylindrical core 109 constituting an axial part of injection of the mold 107, whose end portions contribute to forming the imprint 106, and on the peripheral lateral surface 109a of which core 109 is disposed said support 44 of coil 43 whose length L is greater than that L 'of core 109, so that after being brought into abutment against a rear shoulder 110 thereof, it opens freely into the cavity 106 in which is disposed, also prior to molding, the coaxial element 41 constituting the second part to be joined to the first.
• the relative positioning of the piston 41 constituting the second part relative on the one hand to the connecting element 45, constituting the third part, and relative on the other hand to the coil 43, is obtained by means of a coaxial channel 111 axially passing through the core 109 constituting the mold ejection part 107 and / or a fixed injection part 107c of the mold 107, for opening or passing through the cavity 106 perpendicular to its plan, prior to the molding of the connecting element 45.
• the support 44 for the coil 43 is constituted by a sleeve with a diameter corresponding to the core 109 forming the ejection part of the mold and it is attached thereto prior to the molding of the connecting element 45 and before the closing of the two drawers perpendicular 107a, 107b constituting the movable parts of the mold 107.
• the electric coil 43 is positioned on its support 44 at the end opposite to that opening into the cavity 106.
• the mold then being closed by displacement of the drawers 107a, 107b and of the core 109, towards the fixed part 107c of said mold, the material injection takes place axially at one or more points by means of injection channels. 112.
• the injection of material into the mold can also be carried out radially at one or more points by means of injection channels 113.
• FIG. 16 shows a mold different from the previous ones in that it consists of two semi-cylindrical parts 107A, 107B able to move in the manner of drawers in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the assembly and in which are produced the injection channels 113. Also two movable cores 109A, 109B capable of moving axially allow the relative positioning of the two elements to be assembled and participate in the internal shape of the cavity 106 while being held by the elements 107A, 107B of the mold, which participate in the external shape of the imprint 106.
• step I introduction of the tube into the movable cores 109 or 109A, 109B,
• step II introduction of the support 44 for the coil 43 on the movable core 109 or 109A,
• step III closing of the mold 107 formed by the parts 107a, 107b, 107c, or by the parts 107A, 107B
• step IV introduction of the synthetic material and molding action
• step V opening of the mold 107
• Step VI ejection of the moving element 40 formed by the tube 41, the coil 43 and the connecting element 45, and possibly from the moving core in cases requiring a conformation of the moving element.
• the two movable drawers 107a, 107b of the mold 107 have a peripheral shoulder 114 extending axially to the coil 43, previously disposed on its support
• the two movable drawers 107a, 107b of the mold 107 have a double peripheral shoulder 115 and 116, one of which 115 located on the side of the imprint 106 allows an axial extension of the connecting element 45 who is trained there and whose the other 116 of a smaller diameter, is intended for housing the coil 43 at a distance from the core 109 of the mold, prior to the molding operation so as to produce a coil support 44A obtained by molding with the element link 45 during the same operation.
• the two movable mold drawers comprise a plurality of axial recesses made alternately around the coil, so as to obtain openings 117 according to a predetermined angular sequence , to allow cooling of said coil 43.
• the connection element 45 with the piston 41 is reinforced by carrying out a deformation 118 of the wall thereof, inwards or outwards, in the zone passing through the connecting element 45, the latter being constituted by a wheel comprising a plurality of spokes 46 conforming openings 130 intended for the passage of a fluid and contributing to the maintenance in position of the elements between them.
• FIG. 20 shows a deformation 118A obtained by constriction during injection
• FIG. 21 shows a deformation 118B obtained by mechanical restriction
• FIG. 22 shows a deformation 118C obtained by increasing the diameter of the tube by mechanical means
• FIG. 23 shows a deformation 118D obtained by knurling the tube 41
• FIG. 24 shows a deformation 118E carried out by machining a groove or a flange
• FIG. 25 shows a deformation 118F produced by drilling one or more holes perpendicular to the axis of the tube 41.
• the functions of the connecting piece are obtained by a judicious choice of the synthetic material and the optimization of the shapes of the imprint.
• - chemical function inertia in relation to the product transported.
• thermal function resistance to the alienation of temperatures due to the electric current and to the very temperature of the fluids to be conveyed.
• - acoustic function allows forms useful for acoustic functions to be produced.
• FIG. 27 Another advantage of 1 invention relating to this second mode of application, visible in Figure 26, lies in the fact that electrical connection means 121 in connection with the coil 43, are secured to the moving body of the speaker, level of the connecting element 45, during the same molding operation.
• the connection of the connection 121 with the coil 43 is effected by means of an electric wire 122.
• a dome 123 covering the annular space 124 defined by the connecting element 106A is obtained by molding with the latter during the same molding operation.
• the membrane 120 may be in the form of a cone, a disc, etc.
• the fixed or movable mold parts essentially differ from the previous ones in the case of application to the pump in that their end opposite one another defining the imprint 106A are such to define a triangular section.
• this section could be of any other form.
• the present invention can also be applied in the case of injection of a loudspeaker membrane taking place at the same time as the triangular connecting section.
• the invention is also of particular interest in high-end loudspeakers in which the connection in synthetic material can be removed by fusion, in order to replace one or the other of the elements: coil or membrane.
• connection in synthetic material can be removed by fusion, in order to replace one or the other of the elements: coil or membrane.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
• Electromagnetic Pumps, Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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• 1997
  • 1997-12-02 FR FR9715445A patent/FR2771782B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-12-01 EP EP98958292A patent/EP1044329A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1998-12-01 WO PCT/FR1998/002583 patent/WO1999028626A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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