EP1030999B1 - Fourneau de combustion, en particulier pour dechets - Google Patents

Fourneau de combustion, en particulier pour dechets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1030999B1
EP1030999B1 EP98955894A EP98955894A EP1030999B1 EP 1030999 B1 EP1030999 B1 EP 1030999B1 EP 98955894 A EP98955894 A EP 98955894A EP 98955894 A EP98955894 A EP 98955894A EP 1030999 B1 EP1030999 B1 EP 1030999B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion
combustion chamber
furnace
air
wastes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP98955894A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1030999A1 (fr
Inventor
Andrea Giust
Fabrizio Giust
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEM Srl
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GEM Srl
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEM Srl filed Critical GEM Srl
Publication of EP1030999A1 publication Critical patent/EP1030999A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1030999B1 publication Critical patent/EP1030999B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
    • F23G2203/80—Furnaces with other means for moving the waste through the combustion zone
    • F23G2203/803—Rams or pushers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/26—Biowaste
    • F23G2209/261—Woodwaste
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00—Specific waste
    • F23G2209/28—Plastics or rubber like materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
    • F23G2900/50008—Combustion of waste suspended or lifted by upward gas flows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the present invention has for object a waste combustion furnace, also for the wood manufacturing and plastic material scrapes.
  • the material has a rather large size, or is in dust, in chips and in small pieces and in more or less large pieces.
  • the material contains saw-dust, chips and small pieces of wood, resinous substances and plastic materials.
  • the plastic materials derive from the laminated panels coating such as for instance the ones used for the furniture manufacturing.
  • the resinous substances derive from the glues and from the binding plastic materials forming chips and thickened products such as the MD.
  • resins and plastic materials have the most different origins, such as for instance phenolic resins, epoxidic resins, ureic resins and melamine resins.
  • the combustion temperature may considerably increase, and it is difficult to be controlled, and it is dangerous for the combustion control.
  • the furnace life is limited, the maintenance is frequent.
  • the high temperature presence may especially compromise the system of pushers which move in a reciprocating way for the material advancement, because of the high temperature which makes the metal material little resistant, which when in presence of obstacles may also be deformed.
  • EP-A-0290317 discloses an air supply duct from below the combustion material.
  • Purpose of the present invention is that of obviating the above mentioned drawbacks and allowing to realise a universal furnace able to treat the most different materials:
  • a transversal piping in said step structure and in the side walls for the temperature decrease in these areas and at the same time for obtaining a heat regeneration by heat exchange fluid preferably hot or overheated water
  • this furnace is suitable to treat different types of wastes and therefore:
  • the furnace is able also to carry out the combustion of high calorific power dry residuals such as plastic laminates, varnishing smudges, melamine, phenolic papers and other industrial wastes in general.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section schematic view of the furnace on the vertical plane.
  • Figure 2 is a front schematic view of the combustion chamber, with a particular view of the heat regeneration system with fluid side piping.
  • Figure 2A is a partial view of the heat exchange side piping with the thermal regeneration fluid (advantageously water).
  • FIGS 3,4,5 show the side, plan, and front view of the pusher combs or teeth or grate pusher elements, which move in a reciprocating motion for making the material advance in the various steps and which make up the combustion grate plane.
  • Figures 6,7,8,9 show in view: 6 from the bottom, 7 in longitudinal section and 8 and 9 transversal section, of a comb tooth of the previous figures.
  • the furnace function is that of obtaining the thermodistruction of the material which is made advance at first on the tilted plane 21 and then on the steps 22, 23, 24 by movable sectors 32, 33, 34 which ensure the wastes advancement during the combustion process.
  • the furnace is made up of a fixed part in refractory casting and a movable part in refractory steel (movable step structure 32,33,34), is particularly suitable to the treating of manufacturing residuals and high calorific power wastes (p.c.i. kcal/kg. 4000-8000).
  • This furnace comprises:
  • the fluid passage in the pipes allows a cooling of the fixed steps head when high calorific power wastes are burnt, avoiding the fast wear and the subsequent continuous maintenance.
  • the secondary fluid contained in the pipes placed on the grate fixed steps, is conveyed through the suitable pipe bundle along the refractory side walls (61) for allowing a high and better energy regeneration respect to traditional solutions, and subsequently conveyed to the overhanging side collectors (62).
  • the primary and secondary combustion air is distributed in a separate and autonomously controlled way:
  • the two air plants are activated by means of respective centrifugal fans (6, 5) which supply the amount of air necessary for the combustion process whose delivery is controlled by an inverter.
  • a series of horizontal air-jet nozzles (51) are positioned, with the function of making the waste inserted as dust advance (e.g. smoothing dust, polyester dust) thus easing the combustion of this material in suspension and at the same time allowing the combustion on the grate of the waste having a rougher and heavier size.
  • dust advance e.g. smoothing dust, polyester dust
  • the thus designed furnace allows a first drying of the wastes in the upper steps by means of the surrounding hot smokes and the complete combustion of the wastes along the whole grate also eased by the wastes mixing movement carried out by the toothed pushers (30) (32,33,34) which move in a reciprocating way above said steps (22,23,24).
  • the movement speed and frequency of the pushers are determined each time according to the physical-chemical characteristics of the treated wastes and residuals, in order to ensure at the advancement end and before the discharge area, provided with a manhole 25, by an opening control (25'), the complete combustion of the wastes into ash.
  • the ashes fall, at the timed opening of the discharge refractory door (25) with oleodynamical drive (25'), into an underlying collection system, which may be made up of a palletizable trolley placed on rail (7) or of a "redler" belt for conveying the ashes outside of the incinerator room.
  • an underlying collection system which may be made up of a palletizable trolley placed on rail (7) or of a "redler" belt for conveying the ashes outside of the incinerator room.
  • manholes are two and a discharge Intermediate pre-chamber is formed, so that for the ash discharge:
  • the access to said post-combustion or post-treatment chamber (8) is obtained by means of an upper opening opposed to a baffle plate projecting into the combustion chamber (9).
  • the post-combustion furnace (8) may alternatively be used also for a complete oxidising in a single chamber of a large surface and/or volume also having a decantation function and comprising single-block heat exchange piping.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Four à combustion particulièrement pour des déchets, du type pourvu d'une structure pour l'élévation des déchets jusqu'à la chambre de combustion (2), ayant un sol avec des zones en escalier (21, 22, 23, 24, 25) recouvert par des éléments d'élévation rétractables (32, 33, 34) avec un mouvement alternatif de va-et-vient (3) ayant une fonction poussoir pour faire avancer le matériau de combustion vers une zone en aval pour la coulée de cendres (25), dans lequel les moyens de refroidissement par jet d'air sous pression sont pourvus dans la chambre de combustion, caractérisé en ce que,
    juste à l'entrée du matériau et en-dessous, dans la chambre de combustion respective, un premier moyen de débit d'air (5) avec des séries de diffuseur d'air (51) est en outre pourvus, ces séries de diffuseur d'air (51) pouvant séparer la petite poussière de la plus grande poussière;
    une seconde séparation et des moyens d'écouler la poussière par jet d'air (4) au-dessous du grill ou des marches d'élévation du matériau (21,22,23,24) est en outre pourvus (41).
  2. Four, selon la revendication antérieure, caractérisé en ce que le four à combustion comprend un conduit de récupération de la chaleur (62) avec un liquide de refroidissement qui est chauffé en passant à travers les murs latéraux réfractaires (61) de ces secteurs en escalier, les murs latéraux de la chambre de combustion en tuyaux (6), et qui est ensuite transporté dans un régénérateur de chaleur d'une chambre de postcombustion (8).
  3. Four, selon les revendications antérieures, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en plus un transport d'air forcé indépendant (4):
    au-dessus de cette entrée du matériau (42), et
    latéralement aux murs latéraux respectifs (43).
  4. Four, selon les revendications antérieures, caractérisé en ce qu'en aval de cette chambre de combustion (2) il existe une chambre de post-traitement ayant la fonction de postcombustion de fumée et/ou décantation et un changement de chaleur avec une unité de canalisation de régénération de chaleur (8).
  5. Un four, selon la revendication antérieure, caractérisé en ce que l'accès à ladite chambre de postcombustion (8) est obtenu par une ouverture supérieure opposée à une plaque déflectrice se projetant sur la chambre de combustion (9).
EP98955894A 1997-11-13 1998-11-09 Fourneau de combustion, en particulier pour dechets Expired - Lifetime EP1030999B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD972102 1997-11-13
ITUD970212 1997-11-13
IT97UD000212A IT1296716B1 (it) 1997-11-13 1997-11-13 Forno di combustione particolarmente per rifiuti
PCT/IT1998/000311 WO1999026022A1 (fr) 1997-11-13 1998-11-09 Fourneau de combustion, en particulier pour dechets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1030999A1 EP1030999A1 (fr) 2000-08-30
EP1030999B1 true EP1030999B1 (fr) 2002-12-18

Family

ID=11422504

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98955894A Expired - Lifetime EP1030999B1 (fr) 1997-11-13 1998-11-09 Fourneau de combustion, en particulier pour dechets

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1030999B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE230091T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1258099A (fr)
DE (1) DE69810348T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2190118T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1296716B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999026022A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1751168A1 (de) * 1968-04-16 1971-06-16 Heinz Brune Verbrennungskammer mit Flossenrohrrost
JPS55137416A (en) * 1979-04-10 1980-10-27 Ebara Infilco Co Ltd Incineration method
JPS57175811A (en) * 1981-04-23 1982-10-28 Inshinaa Kogyo Kk Incinerator for high-water content waste
FR2614395B1 (fr) * 1987-04-27 1989-07-21 Traitement Indl Residus Urbain Foyer de chaudiere, notamment pour dechets urbains, a grille composee de barreaux alternativement fixes et mobiles a va-et-vient, a souplesse de reglage accrue
DE3941750A1 (de) * 1988-12-20 1990-06-21 Pauli Balduin Zuteiler fuer rostfeuerung
IT1242371B (it) 1990-07-13 1994-03-04 Andrea Giust Impianto di termodistruzione di rifiuti solidi generici e/o speciali e/o tossici nocivi con recupero di energia termica.
US5323718A (en) * 1992-12-04 1994-06-28 Leon Industries, Inc. Overfire air system for incinerating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1258099A (en) 1999-06-07
IT1296716B1 (it) 1999-07-15
ATE230091T1 (de) 2003-01-15
DE69810348D1 (de) 2003-01-30
ES2190118T3 (es) 2003-07-16
ITUD970212A1 (it) 1999-05-13
DE69810348T2 (de) 2003-11-06
EP1030999A1 (fr) 2000-08-30
WO1999026022A1 (fr) 1999-05-27

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