Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
  • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
  • E02D29/12—Manhole shafts; Other inspection or access chambers; Accessories therefor
  • E02D29/14—Covers for manholes or the like; Frames for covers

Definitions

• Roadway device of square or rectangular shape comprising a support frame and a covering element.
• the present invention relates to a road device of the type comprising two main parts having in plan a generally square or rectangular shape, namely a fixed frame intended to be sealed in the ground and a covering element, in particular a buffer or a grid. , supported by this frame which, under the installation conditions, has two horizontal bearing surfaces arranged near two adjacent corners and two sloping bearing surfaces located near the other two corners of the frame, these four surfaces 'support being adapted to cooperate with complementary support surfaces integral with the underside of the covering element.
• the invention applies in particular to devices for closing inspection or inspection chimneys of a water network such as manholes or sidewalk manholes, or to devices for closing technical ditches allowing access to an underground network of telecommunications, television or other cables. It also applies to devices for crowning manholes such as road grids.
• the buffer is in stable equilibrium on its support frame only when it is subjected to its sole weight or when it is subjected to a vertical load which is exerted inside a triangle of equilibrium defined approximately by the two corners where the horizontal supports are located and by the middle of the opposite side.
• the present invention therefore aims to overcome these drawbacks and to ensure that, whatever the point of application of the load on the covering element, the latter always rests on the four bearing surfaces of the frame, this so as to prevent any limping phenomenon.
• the subject of the invention is a road device of the aforementioned type where the sloping bearing surfaces are inclined downward towards the horizontal bearing surfaces and where the frame is provided, near each surface.
• the inclined bearing surfaces of the frame and the cooperating inclined bearing surfaces of the covering element have a common inclination, between about 15 ° and 45 ° relative to the vertical;
• the counter-bearing surfaces of the frame are arranged symmetrically with respect to the median plane perpendicular to the lateral face of the frame adjacent to the two sloping bearing surfaces;
• the counter-bearing surfaces of the frame and the counter-bearing surfaces of the covering element are substantially vertical;
• the counter-bearing surfaces of the frame are inclined downwards in overhang, the angle of inclination relative to the vertical being less than or equal to that of the sloping bearing surfaces;
• each of the two abutment surfaces of the covering element forms the internal lateral face of a support relief integral with the lower face of the cover element, the external lateral face of said support relief constituting a sloping bearing surface intended to cooperate with the mating sloping bearing surface of the frame;
• the counter-bearing surfaces of the frame extend internally in the direction of the lateral face of the frame adjacent to the two sloping bearing surfaces and form therewith, in horizontal section, an angle between 10 ° and 30 ° about.
• the subject of the invention is also a support frame and a covering element, in particular a grid or a pad, for a roadway device as defined above.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematically, in perspective and before assembly, the two main parts of a road system according to the invention
• - Fig. 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of FIG. 1, the road system after assembly of the two main parts.
• the road system shown schematically in FIGS. 1 and 2 is for example a pit hatch which, installed on the floor (not shown) or on a comparable surface, covers a technical chamber for access to an underground network of cables or the like, the hatch ensuring the closure of this chamber .
• This device consists of two main parts, in particular of ductile iron, namely a fixed support frame 1 and a removable pad 2 which constitutes a covering element of the frame.
• the two parts 1, 2 are shown disassembled in FIG. 1, in a position where the pad 2 is ready to be mounted on its support frame 1.
• the frame 1 has in plan a generally square or rectangular shape and has a vertical skirt 3 provided at its base with a peripheral sole (not shown) intended to allow the sealing of the frame in the ground or on a support structure such as concrete for example.
• Two adjacent corners 4A, 4B of the frame 1 are each equipped with a support relief 5A, 5B with a higher reach parallel to the plane of the frame, thus defining two horizontal support surfaces 6A, 6B. These are coplanar and are located approximately halfway up the skirt 3.
• the two other corners 4C, 4D of the frame are each fitted with a relief relief 5C, 5D with a higher reach extending, from the top of the skirt 3, towards the base of the frame and this in the direction of the horizontal support relief 5B, 5A located opposite, thus defining two sloping support surfaces 6C, 6D; these are coplanar and make an angle ⁇ between approximately 15 ° and 45 ° with the vertical, and preferably between 20 ° and 35 °.
• the frame 1 is internally provided with a projection 7C, 7D which extends, in height, from the base of the frame to about three-quarters of the skirt 3 of the frame and which, in plan, extends horizontally in a direction substantially parallel to the lateral face 8 of the frame adjacent to the two reliefs with a sloping bearing surface 6C, 6D, each of the two projections 7C, 7D being integral with a side of the frame perpendicular to said lateral face 8.
• Each of the two projections 7C, 7D also has, opposite the corresponding sloping bearing surface 6C, 6D, a lateral counter-bearing surface 9C, 9D which, in the example described, is planar and is substantially vertical (except for the body); this counter-bearing surface could also be undercut, the angle of inclination relative to the vertical then being less than or equal to the angle ⁇ of inclination of the inclined bearing surfaces 6C, 6D.
• the two counter-bearing surfaces 9C, 9D are arranged symmetrically with respect to the median vertical plane perpendicular to the lateral face 8 of the frame, which more generally forms a plane of symmetry of the frame, and each of them is oriented obliquely with respect to at the side of the frame of which the corresponding projection 7C, 7D is integral; each counter-bearing surface 9C, 9D is therefore also oriented obliquely with respect to the lateral face 8 of the frame and produces with respect to the sloping bearing surface 6C, 6D situated opposite, in a plane horizontal, an angle ⁇ which is between 10 ° and 30 ° approximately, and preferably between 15 ° and 25 °.
• the two counter-bearing surfaces 9C, 9D are therefore directed towards the lateral face 8 of the frame and each defining, with the sloping bearing surface 6C, 6D facing, in horizontal section, a V-profile open towards the outside. of the frame.
• the pad 2 essentially comprises a flat veil 10 of generally square or rectangular shape corresponding to that of the frame 1, and of dimensions slightly smaller than the interior dimensions of the skirt 3 of the frame.
• the pad 2 is provided, in its corners, with four relief reliefs 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D integral with the underside of the web 10 and intended to cooperate with the four reliefs d '' corresponding support 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D of frame 1.
• the height of the support reliefs of the pad 2 is such that, when the pad rests on its support frame 1, the upper face of the web 10 of the pad is flush with the upper edge of the skirt 3 of the frame.
• Two support reliefs 11A, 11B adjacent to the buffer 2 thus each have a horizontal support surface 12A, 12B intended to come into contact with the complementary horizontal support surface 6A, 6B of the frame, while the other two reliefs support 11C, 11D of buffer 2 each have a sloping support surface 12C, 12D intended to bear on the corresponding sloping support surface 6C, 6D at the level of the frame 1.
• the sloping support surfaces 12C, 12D of the buffer constitute the external lateral face of the respective support reliefs 11C, 11D; they are inclined downwards in the direction of the horizontal supports 11B, 11A located at the opposite, and realize with respect to the vertical an angle corresponding to the angle of inclination ⁇ of the bearing surfaces 6C, 6D of the frame.
• each support relief 11C, 11D of the pad 2 that is to say the face directed towards the horizontal support surface 12B,! 2A located opposite, forms a surface of abutment 13C, 13D intended to cooperate with the mating abutment surface 9C, 9D of the frame 1.
• the two abutment surfaces 13C, 13D of the pad are therefore, in the example described, flat surfaces and substantially vertical; they are obliquely oriented towards the lateral face of the pad adjacent to the two support reliefs 11C, 11D and there again make with this lateral face, in horizontal section, an angle corresponding to the angle ⁇ of obliquity of the abutment surfaces 9C, 9D of the frame.
• This particular arrangement comprising on one side of the device cooperating inclined bearing surfaces inclined downward towards the opposite side where there are horizontal bearing surfaces, the inclined bearing surfaces being associated with surfaces additional counter-supports which are mounted in opposition at the level of each of the main parts 1, 2 of the device, thus leads to a static support system at four points; in this system, the pad 2 rests simultaneously by its four bearing surfaces 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D on the four associated bearing surfaces 6A, 6B, 6C, 6D of the frame 1, and this in particular under the action of 'A load exerted on the pad at any point of the quadrilateral defined by the four relief reliefs 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D located at the ends of the pad.
• the functioning of this system is such that, under the action of a vertical external force applied at any point of the buffer, it is firstly brought into contact with three of the four supports of the frame 1, including the two relief reliefs with horizontal reach 6A, 6B and one of the two relief reliefs with inclined reach 6C, 6D, namely the one that is located closest to the point of application of the load.
• the vertical force applied to the pad 2 directed downwards, thus initially generates three opposite reactions of the frame 1.
• Two of these reactions, coming from the relief reliefs with horizontal reach 6A, 6B, are vertical and directed upwards.
• the third reaction perpendicular to the slope of the inclined support relief requested first, has a horizontal component directed towards the inside of the frame, and a vertical component oriented upwards. This horizontal component then induces the participation of the vertical abutment surface located opposite, which results in a horizontal reaction perpendicular to said abutment surface.
• the horizontal result of the buffer support reactions at the level of the first support / counter-support couple of the frame is compensated by the horizontal result at the level of the second support / support-couple of the frame.
• the vertical force applied to the pad 2 is balanced by the vertical reactions at the level of the two supports with horizontal surface 6A, 6B of the frame and by the vertical components of the reactions of support of the pad at the level of the two surfaces. slope support 6C, 6D of the frame.
• the preferred embodiment which has just been described not only ensures the stability of the tampon when it is subjected to a vertical load, but also makes it possible to oppose any horizontal displacement of the tampon when the latter is subjected tangential effects due in particular to the braking or acceleration of a vehicle.
• the pad 2 when the pad 2 is subjected to the action of a horizontal force directed perpendicularly to the lateral face 8 of the frame adjacent to the two relief reliefs in slope 5C, 5D, the stability of the pad 2 is ensured, depending the orientation of this force, either by the abutment of the two abutment surfaces 13C, 13D of the pad against the abutment surfaces 9C, 9D combined with the frame, or by the abutment of the two relief reliefs 11C, 11D of the buffer against the slope relief reliefs 5C, 5D corresponding to the frame.
• the angle of inclination ⁇ is sufficiently pronounced to guarantee the maintenance of the contact between the inclined surfaces 6C, 6D of the frame and the associated inclined surfaces 12C, 12D of the pad, thus preventing any horizontal displacement of the pad 2.
• one of the two pairs of support / counter-support of the frame 1 is necessarily requested by the relief of support 11C, 11D corresponding to buffer 2, while only the sloping support surface of the other support / counter-couple of the frame is stressed.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Paleontology (AREA)
• Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
• Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
• Vibration Dampers (AREA)
• Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
• Road Paving Structures (AREA)
• Soil Working Implements (AREA)
• Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
• Sewage (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=9513464

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (1)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 1997
  • 1997-11-13 FR FR9714402A patent/FR2770861B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1998
  • 1998-11-05 AU AU11597/99A patent/AU1159799A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1998-11-05 SK SK683-2000A patent/SK285365B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-11-05 YU YU15000A patent/YU49202B/sh unknown
  • 1998-11-05 DK DK98954517T patent/DK1030949T3/da active
  • 1998-11-05 DE DE69819197T patent/DE69819197T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-11-05 BR BR9814639-4A patent/BR9814639A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-11-05 CN CN98811082.2A patent/CN1281822C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1998-11-05 PT PT98954517T patent/PT1030949E/pt unknown
  • 1998-11-05 ES ES98954517T patent/ES2209216T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-11-05 WO PCT/FR1998/002361 patent/WO1999025931A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1998-11-05 AT AT98954517T patent/ATE252668T1/de active
  • 1998-11-05 CZ CZ20001749A patent/CZ297469B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-11-05 PL PL98340501A patent/PL189857B1/pl unknown
  • 1998-11-05 HU HU0004128A patent/HU223049B1/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1998-11-05 EP EP19980954517 patent/EP1030949B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1998-11-12 MY MYPI98005142A patent/MY120557A/en unknown
  • 1998-11-13 AR ARP980105754A patent/AR017184A1/es active IP Right Grant
• 2000
  • 2000-02-16 NO NO20000766A patent/NO319989B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-05-12 HR HR20000299A patent/HRP20000299B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

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