EP1029088B1 - Withdrawal device for a shaft furnace - Google Patents
Withdrawal device for a shaft furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1029088B1 EP1029088B1 EP98961102A EP98961102A EP1029088B1 EP 1029088 B1 EP1029088 B1 EP 1029088B1 EP 98961102 A EP98961102 A EP 98961102A EP 98961102 A EP98961102 A EP 98961102A EP 1029088 B1 EP1029088 B1 EP 1029088B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- shaft furnace
- conveying
- sections
- section
- shaft
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
- F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B1/21—Arrangements of devices for discharging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/08—Screw feeders; Screw dischargers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shaft furnace, in particular a direct reduction shaft furnace, with a bed of lumpy material, in particular iron oxide and / or sponge iron containing lumpy good, with the casing of the shaft furnace penetrating Screw conveyors for the discharge of the lumpy goods from the shaft furnace, which over the Bottom region of the shaft furnace are arranged and stored in the casing of the shaft furnace.
- a shaft furnace in particular a direct reduction shaft furnace
- a bed of lumpy material in particular iron oxide and / or sponge iron containing lumpy good
- Shaft furnaces in particular reduction shaft furnaces of the type described above, are numerous known from the prior art.
- One such, essentially as a cylindrical hollow body trained shaft furnace generally contains a bed of iron oxide and / or Lumpy material containing sponge iron, the material containing iron oxide in the upper part of the shaft furnace is abandoned.
- a reducing gas originating, for example, from a melter gasifier is introduced into the Shaft furnace and thus blown into the solid bed.
- the hot dust-laden Reducing gas flows upwards through the solid bed and thereby reduces this Partial or partial iron oxide to form sponge iron.
- the fully or partially reduced iron oxide is between the bottom of the Discharge devices arranged in the shaft furnace and the area of the gas inlet openings conveyed out of the shaft furnace.
- These discharge devices are usually called Star-shaped, radial (based on the shaft furnace) conveying screw conveyors educated.
- the zone in the area of the shaft floor in which the discharge devices are located should have a maximum of active discharge area, on the one hand as possible to achieve even lowering of the bulk material, furthermore one should continuous movement of the goods in the reaction zone can be guaranteed.
- the requirement for a maximum of active discharge area is a star-shaped one Arrangement of screw conveyors only fulfilled if each of the screw conveyors is above theirs pulls material from the fill evenly over the entire length of the shaft and transported away.
- the conveyor cross section of existing screw conveyors is designed that in each section of a screw conveyor both the removal of material from Sections upstream of the conveying direction, as well as the removal of bulk material from the the area surrounding the respective section would have to be managed. This takes place in the Usually by increasing the radius of the conveyor continuously increasing in the direction of conveyance Paddle or spiral envelopes. In addition, an increasing slope of the Screw flow in the conveying direction, the delivery volume of each screw section is constant enlarged.
- the object of the present invention is therefore a shaft furnace, in particular to provide a direct reduction shaft furnace, which due to the used therein Screw conveyors an improved, more uniform discharge of the bulk material has, than using shaft furnaces known from the prior art conventional screw conveyors.
- the area forming the snail head has no area To promote material from upstream sections. So he has the entire capacity free for the material withdrawal from the filling.
- the shaft cantilevered trigger area divided into two or more such sections.
- An essential one The criterion when choosing the number of sections is the respective increase in the Funding cross section. With increasing number of sections or decreasing increase in Conveying cross-sections approximate the shape of the screw and thus the conveying characteristics to that the screw with a continuously increasing cross-section.
- the end of the section should be a moderate slope with respect to the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor of at least 45 °, preferably of at least 60 °, particularly preferably of im have substantially 90 °.
- the volatile ones Increases in the conveying cross sections in the circumferential direction of the conveying cross sections against each other staggered, preferably evenly distributed, with the trigger area in is divided into at least three sections.
- the conveyor cross sections are within individual Sections of a screw conveyor kept constant. This embodiment is production-technically particularly easy to implement.
- the conveying cross sections are inside individual sections of a screw conveyor continuously increasing.
- This Variant combines the advantages of conventional with those of the invention Screw conveyors, i.e. continuously increasing funding cross-sections with areas combined delivery capacity combined.
- the screw surfaces of the screw conveyors are on the shafts of the Conveyor-mounted paddles are formed.
- the screw surfaces also over the entire screw length can be formed continuously, are formed by paddles Screw surfaces easier to manufacture. In the event of a repair, paddles can also can be exchanged much easier.
- this preferred embodiment is accomplished in that for example when using paddles from two neighboring, different ones Sections associated paddling, the second, for example, three times the middle Grain size is larger than the first. With an average grain size of, for example, 20 mm these two paddles differ in height by 60 mm.
- the slope of the Screw flight each a screw conveyor in the conveying direction in a manner known per se increasing or initially kept constant in the conveying direction and subsequently increasing, executed.
- the volume conveyable by the screw conveyor is in Direction of conveyance increased, so that the invention increases from the bed removed material is actually removed from the shaft furnace.
- Fig. 1 shows a shaft furnace 1 according to the invention with the bed 2 pieces and good the conveyor screws 3 for the discharge of the lumpy goods from the shaft furnace 1.
- bustle zone 4 along the casing of the shaft furnace of gas inlet openings through which a reducing gas is blown into the bed 2 becomes.
- the one in the Discharge area 5 of each screw conveyor 3 which is cantilevered is divided into three sections, the conveying cross sections of the individual sections in the conveying direction, that is in the direction of Wall of shaft furnace 1, increase by leaps and bounds.
- Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are two different embodiments of the Screw conveyors 3 shown.
- Fig. 2 shows a screw conveyor 3 in cross section, the Conveying part, that is, the extraction area 5 projecting into the shaft, in the form of a paddle 6 formed, interrupted worm gear is formed.
- the trigger area 5 is in three Sections 7,8,9 divided, with the paddle height around adjacent section ends increased three times the average grain size of the lumpy material to be conveyed. Within of the individual sections 7, 8, 9 the paddle height and thus the conveying cross section is constant held.
- the screw conveyor 3 shown in FIG. 3 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in that the height of the paddle 6 within individual sections in the conveying direction is continuously increasing. Only at the transition from one section to the next the paddle height experiences an abrupt change in the extent of three times the middle Grain size of the lumpy good.
- FIG. 4a to 4c show a comparison of the section-related conveying characteristics conventional screw conveyors and those with an abruptly increasing conveyor cross-section.
- the delivery rate of a conventional screw conveyor (Fig. 4a) is at the screw head (1st chamber) and near the wall of the shaft furnace (5th chamber) much higher than in middle areas (2nd - 4th chamber) of the screw conveyor.
- a division of the Screw conveyor in two sections with different conveyor cross-section results in an increase in the conveying capacity in the area of increasing the conveying cross section (3rd chamber). Only a division into three sections brings about a large part of the Deduction range constant flow rate.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Screw Conveyors (AREA)
- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schachtofen, insbesondere einen Direktreduktionsschachtofen, mit einer Schüttung aus stückigem Gut, insbesondere Eisenoxid und/oder Eisenschwamm enthaltendem stückigem Gut, mit den Mantel des Schachtofens durchsetzenden Förderschnecken zum Austrag des stückigen Gutes aus dem Schachtofen, welche über dem Bodenbereich des Schachtofens angeordnet und im Mantel des Schachtofens gelagert sind.The invention relates to a shaft furnace, in particular a direct reduction shaft furnace, with a bed of lumpy material, in particular iron oxide and / or sponge iron containing lumpy good, with the casing of the shaft furnace penetrating Screw conveyors for the discharge of the lumpy goods from the shaft furnace, which over the Bottom region of the shaft furnace are arranged and stored in the casing of the shaft furnace.
Schachtöfen, insbesondere Reduktionsschachtöfen der oben beschriebenen Art sind vielfach aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Ein solcher, im wesentlichen als zylindrischer Hohlkörper ausgebildeter Schachtofen enthält im allgemeinen eine Schüttung aus Eisenoxid und/oder Eisenschwamm enthaltendem stückigem Gut, wobei das Eisenoxid enthaltende Gut in den oberen Teil des Schachtofens aufgegeben wird. Durch mehrere über den Umfang des Schachtofens angeordnete Einlaßöffnungen im Bereich des unteren Drittels des Schachtofens wird ein beispielsweise aus einem Einschmelzvergaser stammendes Reduktionsgas in den Schachtofen und damit in die Feststoffschüttung eingeblasen. Das heiße staubbeladene Reduktionsgas durchströmt die Feststoffschüttung nach oben und reduziert dabei das Eisenoxid der Schüttung ganz oder teilweise zu Eisenschwamm.Shaft furnaces, in particular reduction shaft furnaces of the type described above, are numerous known from the prior art. One such, essentially as a cylindrical hollow body trained shaft furnace generally contains a bed of iron oxide and / or Lumpy material containing sponge iron, the material containing iron oxide in the upper part of the shaft furnace is abandoned. By several on the scope of the Shaft furnace arranged inlet openings in the area of the lower third of the shaft furnace a reducing gas originating, for example, from a melter gasifier is introduced into the Shaft furnace and thus blown into the solid bed. The hot dust-laden Reducing gas flows upwards through the solid bed and thereby reduces this Partial or partial iron oxide to form sponge iron.
Das ganz oder teilweise reduzierte Eisenoxid wird durch zwischen dem Bodenbereich des Schachtofens und dem Bereich der Gaseinlaßöffnungen angeordnete Austragsvorrichtungen aus dem Schachtofen heraus gefördert. Diese Austragsvorrichtungen sind in der Regel als sternförmig angeordnete, radial (bezogen auf den Schachtofen) fördernde Förderschnecken ausgebildet.The fully or partially reduced iron oxide is between the bottom of the Discharge devices arranged in the shaft furnace and the area of the gas inlet openings conveyed out of the shaft furnace. These discharge devices are usually called Star-shaped, radial (based on the shaft furnace) conveying screw conveyors educated.
Die im Bereich des Schachtbodens liegende Zone, in welcher sich die Austragsvorrichtungen befinden, soll ein Maximum an aktiver Austragsfläche aufweisen, um einerseits ein möglichst gleichmäßiges Absenken des Schüttgutes zu erreichen, des weiteren soll auch eine kontinuierliche Bewegung des Gutes in der Reaktionszone gewährleistet werden.The zone in the area of the shaft floor in which the discharge devices are located should have a maximum of active discharge area, on the one hand as possible to achieve even lowering of the bulk material, furthermore one should continuous movement of the goods in the reaction zone can be guaranteed.
Die Forderung nach einem Maximum an aktiver Austragsfläche ist bei einer sternförmigen Anordnung von Förderschnecken nur dann erfüllt, wenn jede der Förderschnecken über ihre ganze in den Schacht kragende Länge gleichmäßig Material aus der Schüttung abzieht und abtransportiert. The requirement for a maximum of active discharge area is a star-shaped one Arrangement of screw conveyors only fulfilled if each of the screw conveyors is above theirs pulls material from the fill evenly over the entire length of the shaft and transported away.
Um dies zu erreichen, ist der Förderquerschnitt existierender Förderschnecken so ausgelegt, daß in jedem Abschnitt einer Förderschnecke sowohl der Abtransport von Material aus in Förderrichtung vorgelagerten Abschnitten, als auch der Abtransport von Schüttgut aus dem den jeweiligen Abschnitt umgebenden Bereich bewältigt werden müßte. Dies erfolgt in der Regel durch eine kontinuierlich in Förderrichtung zunehmende Erhöhung des Radius der Paddel- oder Wendelumhüllenden. Zusätzlich wird durch eine zunehmende Steigung des Schneckenganges in Förderrichtung das Fördervolumen jedes Schneckenabschnitts stetig vergrößert.In order to achieve this, the conveyor cross section of existing screw conveyors is designed that in each section of a screw conveyor both the removal of material from Sections upstream of the conveying direction, as well as the removal of bulk material from the the area surrounding the respective section would have to be managed. This takes place in the Usually by increasing the radius of the conveyor continuously increasing in the direction of conveyance Paddle or spiral envelopes. In addition, an increasing slope of the Screw flow in the conveying direction, the delivery volume of each screw section is constant enlarged.
Trotz dieser Maßnahmen wurde festgestellt, daß das Material am Schneckenkopf, sowie an der Wand des Schachtofens mit der doppelten bis dreifachen Geschwindigkeit abgezogen wird, wie in mittleren Bereichen der Förderschnecke.Despite these measures, it was found that the material on the screw head, as well as on the Wall of the shaft furnace is pulled off at twice to three times the speed in central areas of the screw conveyor.
Dies hat zur Folge, daß das über den mittleren Bereichen einer Förderschnecke befindliche Material eine höhere Verweildauer im Schachtofen aufweist, als das Material über Bereichen mit erhöhter Förderleistung. Dadurch bilden sich über den mittleren Bereichen verstärkt Verbackungen und Brücken innerhalb des Stückgutes aus, während über den Bereichen mit erhöhter Förderleistung die Bildung von Kanälen innerhalb der Schüttung besonders häufig auftritt.As a result, that which is located above the central regions of a screw conveyor Material has a longer residence time in the shaft furnace than the material over areas with increased delivery capacity. As a result, more are formed over the middle areas Caking and bridges within the general cargo, while covering the areas with increased delivery capacity, the formation of channels within the fill is particularly common occurs.
Aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Schachtöfen weisen also den Nachteil auf, daß beim Einsatz herkömmlicher Förderschnecken ein gleichmäßiger Austrag des im Schachtofen befindlichen Schüttgutes nicht einmal unmittelbar über den Förderschnecken selbst gewährleistet werden kann. In Verbindung mit den bei sternförmig angeordneten Förderschnecken ohnehin nicht erfaßbaren Bereichen, das sind einerseits die keilförmigen Bereiche zwischen je zwei benachbarten Förderschnecken, sowie der von den Förderschneckenköpfen ausgesparte Raum in der Mitte des Schachtofens, ergeben sich unterschiedliche Verweildauern des Schüttungsmaterials im Schachtofen, woraus wiederum ein ungleichmäßiger Reduktionsverlauf, sowie schwankende Produktqualitäten resultieren.Wells known from the prior art have the disadvantage that the Use of conventional screw conveyors ensures even discharge of the in the shaft furnace bulk goods not even directly above the screw conveyors themselves can be guaranteed. In connection with those arranged in a star shape Conveyor screws areas that cannot be detected anyway, on the one hand, these are the wedge-shaped ones Areas between two adjacent screw conveyors, as well as that of the Conveyor screw heads have space left in the middle of the shaft furnace different dwell times of the bulk material in the shaft furnace, from which in turn uneven course of reduction, as well as fluctuating product qualities result.
Die Aufgabe der gegenständlichen Erfindung ist es daher, einen Schachtofen, insbesondere einen Direktreduktionsschachtofen bereitzustellen, der aufgrund der darin verwendeten Förderschnecken einen verbesserten, gleichmäßigeren Austrag des Schüttungsmaterials aufweist, als aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Schachtöfen unter Verwendung herkömmlicher Förderschnecken.The object of the present invention is therefore a shaft furnace, in particular to provide a direct reduction shaft furnace, which due to the used therein Screw conveyors an improved, more uniform discharge of the bulk material has, than using shaft furnaces known from the prior art conventional screw conveyors.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der in den Schacht kragende Abzugsbereich jeder Förderschnecke in Längsrichtung in zumindest zwei benachbarte Abschnitte unterteilt ist, wobei die Förderquerschnitte benachbarter Abschnittsenden in der Förderrichtung sprunghaft zunehmen.This object is achieved in that the cantilever in the shaft Extraction area of each screw conveyor in the longitudinal direction in at least two neighboring ones Sections is divided, with the conveying cross sections of adjacent section ends in the The direction of conveyance increases by leaps and bounds.
Der den Schneckenkopf bildende Bereich hat im Gegensatz zu allen anderen Bereichen kein Material aus ihm vorgelagerten Abschnitten zu fördern. Er hat also die gesamte Kapazität frei für den Materialabzug aus der Schüttung. Um solche Bereiche erhöhter Förderkapazität auch in mittleren Teil des in den Schacht kragenden Abzugsbereiches der Förderschnecke zu schaffen, wird der Abzugsbereich in Abschnitte unterteilt, wobei der Förderquerschnitt so gestaltet ist, daß dieser beim Übergang von einem Abschnitt zum in Förderrichtung benachbarten Abschnitt sprunghaft ansteigt. In diesem Bereich mit einer gegenüber dem vorhergehenden Abschnitt erhöhten Kapazität kann wieder vermehrt Material aus der Schüttung abtransportiert werden.In contrast to all other areas, the area forming the snail head has no area To promote material from upstream sections. So he has the entire capacity free for the material withdrawal from the filling. Such areas of increased funding capacity too in the middle part of the discharge area cantilevered into the shaft of the screw conveyor create, the discharge area is divided into sections, the conveyor cross-section so is designed so that the transition from a section to the conveying direction neighboring section rises abruptly. In this area with a versus previous section increased capacity can again increase material from the Bulk be transported away.
In Summe wird dadurch eine über die gesamte Schneckenlänge vergleichmäßigte Förderleistung erzielt, wobei die Unterteilung des in den Schacht kragenden Abzugsbereiches der Förderschnecke bei nicht zu langen Abzugsbereichen in zwei solche Abschnitte bereits ausreicht, um eine signifikante Verbesserung des Förderverhaltens gegenüber einer Förderschnecke mit in Förderrichtung kontinuierlich ansteigendem Förderquerschnitt zu erreichen.In total, this makes a more uniform over the entire length of the screw Conveyed output achieved, the subdivision of the extraction area cantilevered into the shaft the screw conveyor in two such sections if the extraction areas are not too long sufficient to significantly improve the funding behavior compared to a Screw conveyor with a continuously increasing cross section in the direction of conveyance to reach.
Abhängig von der Länge und der Anzahl der Schneckenwindungen wird der in den Schacht kragende Abzugsbereich in zwei oder mehrere solcher Abschnitte unterteilt. Ein wesentliches Kriterium bei der Wahl der Anzahl der Abschnitte ist die jeweilige Zunahme des Förderquerschnitts. Mit steigender Anzahl der Abschnitte bzw. sinkender Zunahme der Förderquerschnitte nähert sich die Schneckenform und somit die Fördercharakteristik an jene der Schnecken mit kontinuierlich ansteigendem Förderquerschnitt an.Depending on the length and the number of screw turns, it is in the shaft cantilevered trigger area divided into two or more such sections. An essential one The criterion when choosing the number of sections is the respective increase in the Funding cross section. With increasing number of sections or decreasing increase in Conveying cross-sections approximate the shape of the screw and thus the conveying characteristics to that the screw with a continuously increasing cross-section.
Der sprunghafte Anstieg des Förderquerschnittes im Bereich einander zugeordneter Abschnittsenden soll - bezogen auf die Längsachse der Förderschnecke - eine mittlere Steigung von zumindest 45°, vorzugsweise von zumindest 60°, besonders bevorzugt von im wesentlichen 90° aufweisen. Um die Reibungskräfte zwischen dem Schüttgut und der Stirnfläche des Schneckenganges in diesem Bereich und somit den Verschleiß und die benötigte Antriebsleistung möglichst gering zu halten, ist es weiters von Vorteil, diesen Übergang zumindest teilweise verlaufend zu gestalten.The sudden increase in the cross section of the conveyor in the area of each other The end of the section should be a moderate slope with respect to the longitudinal axis of the screw conveyor of at least 45 °, preferably of at least 60 °, particularly preferably of im have substantially 90 °. To the frictional forces between the bulk material and the End face of the worm gear in this area and thus the wear and tear To keep the required drive power as low as possible, it is also advantageous to keep this To make the transition at least partially smooth.
Um die benötigte Antriebsleistung gering zu halten, ist es weiters von Vorteil, die sprunghaften Anstiege der Förderquerschnitte in Umfangsrichtung der Förderquerschnitte gegeneinander versetzt, vorzugsweise gleichmäßig verteilt, anzuordnen, wobei der Abzugsbereich in zumindest drei Abschnitte unterteilt ist.In order to keep the required drive power low, it is also advantageous to use the volatile ones Increases in the conveying cross sections in the circumferential direction of the conveying cross sections against each other staggered, preferably evenly distributed, with the trigger area in is divided into at least three sections.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden die Förderquerschnitte innerhalb einzelner Abschnitte einer Förderschnecke konstant gehalten. Diese Ausführungsform ist fertigungstechnisch besonders einfach zu realisieren.According to a preferred embodiment, the conveyor cross sections are within individual Sections of a screw conveyor kept constant. This embodiment is production-technically particularly easy to implement.
Gemäß einer zur obigen alternativen Ausführungsform sind die Förderquerschnitte innerhalb einzelner Abschnitte einer Förderschnecke kontinuierlich ansteigend ausgebildet. Diese Variante vereint die Vorteile herkömmlicher mit denen der erfindungsgemäßen Förderschnecken, d.h. kontinuierlich ansteigende Förderquerschnitte werden mit Bereichen erhöhter Förderleistung kombiniert.According to an alternative embodiment to the above, the conveying cross sections are inside individual sections of a screw conveyor continuously increasing. This Variant combines the advantages of conventional with those of the invention Screw conveyors, i.e. continuously increasing funding cross-sections with areas combined delivery capacity combined.
Bevorzugterweise werden die Schraubenflächen der Förderschnecken von auf den Wellen der Förderschnecken montierten Paddeln gebildet. Obwohl die Schraubenflächen auch über die gesamte Schneckenlänge durchgehend ausgebildet sein können, sind von Paddeln gebildete Schraubenflächen einfacher herzustellen. Im Falle einer Reparatur können Paddel auch wesentlich einfacher ausgetauscht werden.Preferably, the screw surfaces of the screw conveyors are on the shafts of the Conveyor-mounted paddles are formed. Although the screw surfaces also over the entire screw length can be formed continuously, are formed by paddles Screw surfaces easier to manufacture. In the event of a repair, paddles can also can be exchanged much easier.
Das Ausmaß der Größenänderung des Förderquerschnitts zweier benachbarter Abschnittsenden, angegeben als die Änderung seines Radius, liegt in der Größenordnung des Zwei- bis Achtfachen, vorzugsweise des Zwei- bis Sechsfachen der mittleren Korngröße des zu fördernden stückigen Gutes, wobei Versuche gezeigt haben, daß bei einer Unterteilung des Abzugsbereiches einer Förderschnecke in drei Abschnitte eine Radiuserhöhung des Förderquerschnittes von etwa dem Drei- bis Vierfachen der mittleren Korngröße besonders bevorzugt ist. The extent of the change in size of the funding cross-section of two neighboring ones Section ends, given as the change in its radius, are of the order of magnitude Two to eight times, preferably two to six times the average grain size of the promoting lumpy good, tests have shown that when the Extraction range of a screw conveyor in three sections an increase in the radius of the Conveying cross-section of about three to four times the average grain size is preferred.
Konstruktiv wird diese bevorzugte Ausführungsform dadurch bewerkstelligt, daß, beispielsweise bei Verwendung von Paddeln, von zwei benachbarten, unterschiedlichen Abschnitten zugehörigen Paddeln, das zweite beispielsweise um die dreifache mittlere Korngröße höher ist als das erste. Bei einer mittleren Korngröße von beispielsweise 20 mm unterscheiden sich diese beiden Paddel in ihrer Höhe also um 60 mm.In terms of construction, this preferred embodiment is accomplished in that for example when using paddles from two neighboring, different ones Sections associated paddling, the second, for example, three times the middle Grain size is larger than the first. With an average grain size of, for example, 20 mm these two paddles differ in height by 60 mm.
Die dreifache mittlere Korngröße als Ausmaß für die Steigerung der Paddelhöhe konnte in Versuchen als besonders vorteilhaft bei der Schaffung von Bereichen mit erhöhter Förderleistung ermittelt werden.Triple the average grain size as the extent for the increase in paddle height could be in Try to be particularly beneficial in creating areas with elevated Funding performance can be determined.
Nach einem weiteren Merkmal des erfindungsgemäßen Schachtofens ist die Steigung des Schneckenganges jeweils einer Förderschnecke in Förderrichtung in an sich bekannter Weise ansteigend, oder in Förderrichtung zunächst konstant gehalten und in weiterer Folge ansteigend, ausgeführt. Dadurch wird das von der Förderschnecke förderbare Volumen in Förderrichtung vergrößert, so daß das erfindungsgemäß vermehrt aus der Schüttung abgezogene Material auch tatsächlich aus dem Schachtofen abtransportiert wird.According to a further feature of the shaft furnace according to the invention, the slope of the Screw flight each a screw conveyor in the conveying direction in a manner known per se increasing or initially kept constant in the conveying direction and subsequently increasing, executed. As a result, the volume conveyable by the screw conveyor is in Direction of conveyance increased, so that the invention increases from the bed removed material is actually removed from the shaft furnace.
Im folgenden wird der erfindungsgemäße Schachtofen durch die Zeichnungen Fig. 1 bis Fig. 4, noch näher erläutert.
- Fig. 1:
- Schachtofen mit Förderschnecken
- Fig. 2:
- schematische Förderschnecke, Förderquerschnitt der einzelnen Abschnitte ist konstant
- Fig. 3:
- schematische Förderschnecke, Förderquerschnitt einzelner Abschnitte ansteigend
- Fig. 4:
- Gegenüberstellung der abschnittsbezogenen Förderleistungen herkömmlicher und erfindungsgemäßer Förderschnecken
- Fig. 1:
- Shaft furnace with screw conveyors
- Fig. 2:
- schematic screw conveyor, conveyor cross-section of the individual sections is constant
- Fig. 3:
- schematic screw conveyor, increasing cross section of individual sections
- Fig. 4:
- Comparison of the section-related conveying capacities of conventional and inventive screw conveyors
Fig. 1 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Schachtofen 1 mit der Schüttung 2 stückigen Gutes und
den Förderschnecken 3 für den Austrag des stückigen Gutes aus dem Schachtofen 1. In der
sogenannten Bustle-Zone 4 entlang des Mantels des Schachtofens befindet sich eine Anzahl
von Gaseintrittsöffnungen, durch welche ein Reduktionsgas in die Schüttung 2 eingeblasen
wird. Eine Anzahl (hier sechs) von sternförmig über dem Boden des Schachtofens 1
angeordneten Förderschnecken 3 bewerkstelligt den Austrag des stückigen Gutes. Der in den
Schacht kragende Abzugsbereich 5 jeder Förderschnecke 3 ist in drei Abschnitte unterteilt,
wobei die Förderquerschnitte der einzelnen Abschnitte in Förderrichtung, also in Richtung der
Wand des Schachtofens 1, sprunghaft zunehmen.Fig. 1 shows a
In den Zeichnungen Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 sind zwei unterschiedliche Ausführungsformen der
Förderschnecken 3 dargestellt. Fig. 2 zeigt dabei eine Förderschnecke 3 im Querschnitt, deren
Förderteil, also der in den Schacht kragende Abzugsbereich 5, in Form eines von Paddeln 6
gebildeten, unterbrochenen Schneckenganges ausgebildet ist. Der Abzugsbereich 5 ist in drei
Abschnitte 7,8,9 unterteilt, wobei sich die Paddelhöhe an benachbarten Abschnittsenden um
das Dreifache der mittleren Korngröße des zu fördernden stückigen Gutes erhöht. Innerhalb
der einzelnen Abschnitte 7,8,9 ist die Paddelhöhe und damit der Förderquerschnitt konstant
gehalten.In the drawings Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are two different embodiments of the
Die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Förderschnecke 3 unterscheidet sich von der in Fig. 2 gezeigten
dahingehend, daß die Höhe der Paddel 6 innerhalb einzelner Abschnitte in Förderrichtung
kontinuierlich ansteigend ausgeführt ist. Erst am Übergang von einem Abschnitt zum nächsten
erfährt die Paddelhöhe eine sprunghafte Änderung im Ausmaß des Dreifachen der mittleren
Korngröße des stückigen Gutes.The
Fig. 4a bis Fig. 4c zeigen eine Gegenüberstellung der abschnittsbezogenen Fördercharakteristik herkömmlicher Förderschnecken und solcher mit sprunghaft ansteigendem Förderquerschnitt. Die Förderleistung einer herkömmlichen Förderschnecke (Fig. 4a) ist am Schneckenkopf (1. Kammer), sowie nahe der Wand des Schachtofens (5. Kammer) wesentlich höher als in mittleren Bereichen (2. - 4. Kammer) der Förderschnecke. Eine Unterteilung der Förderschnecke in zwei Abschnitte mit unterschiedlichem Förderquerschnitt (Fig. 4b) resultiert in einer Zunahme der Förderleistung im Bereich der Erhöhung des Förderquerschnittes (3. Kammer). Erst eine Unterteilung in drei Abschnitte bewirkt eine über den größten Teil des Abzugsbereiches konstante Förderleistung.4a to 4c show a comparison of the section-related conveying characteristics conventional screw conveyors and those with an abruptly increasing conveyor cross-section. The delivery rate of a conventional screw conveyor (Fig. 4a) is at the screw head (1st chamber) and near the wall of the shaft furnace (5th chamber) much higher than in middle areas (2nd - 4th chamber) of the screw conveyor. A division of the Screw conveyor in two sections with different conveyor cross-section (Fig. 4b) results in an increase in the conveying capacity in the area of increasing the conveying cross section (3rd chamber). Only a division into three sections brings about a large part of the Deduction range constant flow rate.
Claims (10)
- Shaft furnace (1), in particular directreduction shaft furnace, having a bed (2) of lumpy material, in particular lumpy material containing iron oxide and/or iron sponge, having worm conveyors (3) which penetrate through the shell of the shaft furnace for discharging the lumpy material from the shaft furnace, which conveyors are arranged above the base area of the shaft furnace (1) and are mounted in the shell of the shaft furnace (1), characterized in that the take-off region (5) of each worm conveyor (3), which projects into the shaft, in the longitudinal direction has at least two adjacent sections, the conveying cross sections of adjacent ends of these sections increasing suddenly in the direction of conveying.
- Shaft furnace (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sudden increase in the conveying cross section in the area of associated section ends has - with respect to the longitudinal axis of the worm conveyor (3) - a mean rise of at least 45°, preferably of at least 60°.
- Shaft furnace (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the sudden increase in the conveying cross section in the direction of conveying has a rise of substantially 90°.
- Shaft furnace (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the take-off region (5) of each worm conveyor (3), which projects into the shaft, in the longitudinal direction has at least three adjacent sections, the sudden increases in the conveying cross sections being offset with respect to one another, preferably with an even distribution, in the circumferential direction of the conveying cross sections.
- Shaft furnace (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conveying cross sections are kept constant within individual sections of in each case one worm conveyor (3).
- Shaft furnace (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conveying cross sections are designed to increase continuously in the direction of conveying within individual sections of in each case one worm conveyor (3).
- Shaft furnace (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the screw surfaces of the worm conveyors (3) are formed by paddles (6) mounted on the shafts of the worm conveyors.
- Shaft furnace (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the increase in the conveying cross section of adjacent section ends of a worm conveyor (3) is formed by an increase in the radius of the conveying cross section by from two to eight times, preferably two to six times, the mean grain size of the lumpy material.
- Shaft furnace (1) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the take-off region of each worm conveyor (3), which projects into the shaft, is divided into three adjacent sections, the increase in the radius of the conveying cross section of adjacent section ends amounting to from three to four times the mean grain size of the lumpy material.
- Shaft furnace (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pitch of the spiral of in each case one worm conveyor (3) is kept constant and/or is designed to increase in the direction of conveying.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT0189297A AT405455B (en) | 1997-11-07 | 1997-11-07 | SHAFT OVEN |
| AT189297 | 1997-11-07 | ||
| PCT/EP1998/006794 WO1999024626A1 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 1998-10-26 | Withdrawal device for a shaft furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1029088A1 EP1029088A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
| EP1029088B1 true EP1029088B1 (en) | 2001-10-04 |
Family
ID=3523275
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98961102A Expired - Lifetime EP1029088B1 (en) | 1997-11-07 | 1998-10-26 | Withdrawal device for a shaft furnace |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6280181B1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1029088B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001522937A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100557232B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1090680C (en) |
| AT (1) | AT405455B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU735530B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9812775A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2308388A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59801664D1 (en) |
| PL (1) | PL340872A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2194770C2 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK6672000A3 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR200001243T2 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW406178B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1999024626A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA9810170B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6429481B1 (en) | 1997-11-14 | 2002-08-06 | Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation | Field effect transistor and method of its manufacture |
| AT505490B1 (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2009-12-15 | Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING IRON SPONGE |
| CN102620552B (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2013-03-20 | 云南祥云中天锑业有限责任公司 | Vertical volatilization furnace for antimony-oxygen powder smelting |
| CN102925614A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 | Material discharge device for vertical furnace |
| CN103408232A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 山东省聚祥窑炉有限公司 | Vertical lime kiln wicket |
| CN111910037B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-01-25 | 唐山中科乾海环保科技有限公司 | Shaft furnace direct reduction device and discharging method thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1557773A (en) | 1922-04-03 | 1925-10-20 | Efficiency Mfg Co | Fuel-feeding apparatus |
| US3704011A (en) * | 1971-08-12 | 1972-11-28 | Mintech Corp | Discharge mechanism for shaft kiln |
| AT372109B (en) * | 1982-01-11 | 1983-09-12 | Voest Alpine Ag | DEVICE FOR DISCHARGING HOT GOODS, ESPECIALLY IRON SPONGE FROM A CHAMBER |
| DE4116215A1 (en) | 1991-05-17 | 1992-11-19 | Hilti Ag | DRUM-SHAPED TRANSPORTATION DEVICE |
| AT397378B (en) | 1992-07-07 | 1994-03-25 | Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen | CONVEYING DEVICE FOR DOSED CONVEYING BULK MATERIAL |
-
1997
- 1997-11-07 AT AT0189297A patent/AT405455B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-10-26 CA CA002308388A patent/CA2308388A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-26 JP JP2000519617A patent/JP2001522937A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-10-26 KR KR1020007004895A patent/KR100557232B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-26 TR TR2000/01243T patent/TR200001243T2/en unknown
- 1998-10-26 DE DE59801664T patent/DE59801664D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-26 BR BR9812775-6A patent/BR9812775A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-26 US US09/530,985 patent/US6280181B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-26 AU AU16643/99A patent/AU735530B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-10-26 SK SK667-2000A patent/SK6672000A3/en unknown
- 1998-10-26 EP EP98961102A patent/EP1029088B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-10-26 CN CN98810814A patent/CN1090680C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-10-26 WO PCT/EP1998/006794 patent/WO1999024626A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-26 RU RU2000114833/02A patent/RU2194770C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-26 PL PL98340872A patent/PL340872A1/en unknown
- 1998-11-06 ZA ZA9810170A patent/ZA9810170B/en unknown
- 1998-11-18 TW TW087119075A patent/TW406178B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20010031825A (en) | 2001-04-16 |
| CN1090680C (en) | 2002-09-11 |
| KR100557232B1 (en) | 2006-03-07 |
| BR9812775A (en) | 2000-10-10 |
| DE59801664D1 (en) | 2001-11-08 |
| JP2001522937A (en) | 2001-11-20 |
| WO1999024626A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
| US6280181B1 (en) | 2001-08-28 |
| CN1278305A (en) | 2000-12-27 |
| TW406178B (en) | 2000-09-21 |
| AU735530B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 |
| EP1029088A1 (en) | 2000-08-23 |
| CA2308388A1 (en) | 1999-05-20 |
| TR200001243T2 (en) | 2000-11-21 |
| AT405455B (en) | 1999-08-25 |
| PL340872A1 (en) | 2001-03-12 |
| ATA189297A (en) | 1998-12-15 |
| AU1664399A (en) | 1999-05-31 |
| RU2194770C2 (en) | 2002-12-20 |
| ZA9810170B (en) | 1999-05-07 |
| SK6672000A3 (en) | 2000-11-07 |
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