EP1026328B1 - Method for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil - Google Patents

Method for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1026328B1
EP1026328B1 EP00200282A EP00200282A EP1026328B1 EP 1026328 B1 EP1026328 B1 EP 1026328B1 EP 00200282 A EP00200282 A EP 00200282A EP 00200282 A EP00200282 A EP 00200282A EP 1026328 B1 EP1026328 B1 EP 1026328B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
wall
soil
drainage
drains
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00200282A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1026328A2 (en
EP1026328A3 (en
Inventor
Ivar Frans Rudolf Daemen
Willibrordus Lambertus Antonius H. Van Den Broek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nbm-Amstelland Bouw & Infra Bv
Van Oord Waterbouw Bv
Van Oord NV
Original Assignee
Nbm Amstelland Bouw & Infra B
Nbm-Amstelland Bouw & Infra Bv
OORD ACZ VAN BV
VAN OORD ACZ BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from NL1011182A external-priority patent/NL1011182C2/en
Priority claimed from NL1013755A external-priority patent/NL1013755C1/en
Application filed by Nbm Amstelland Bouw & Infra B, Nbm-Amstelland Bouw & Infra Bv, OORD ACZ VAN BV, VAN OORD ACZ BV filed Critical Nbm Amstelland Bouw & Infra B
Publication of EP1026328A2 publication Critical patent/EP1026328A2/en
Publication of EP1026328A3 publication Critical patent/EP1026328A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1026328B1 publication Critical patent/EP1026328B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
    • E02D3/106—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains by forming sand drains containing only loose aggregates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil, wherein one or more drainage elements of water-permeable material are introduced into the soil.
  • a drainage element consisting of a longitudinal vertical wall of a water-permeable material and of drains of a water-permeable material each having a top at its uppermost part joining the underside of the longitudinal vertical wall with their tops and extending in a downward direction from said wall and water is extracted from said wall.
  • water can be extracted from the wall of a permeable material via one or more drainage pipes disposed in the wall, for example by means of a pump or the like. Said extraction of water from the wall will cause the ground water level in said wall to fall, which will result in accelerated flow of ground water to the wall from the soil surrounding the wall, and also in a flow of water to the wall from the sand drains which extend deeper into the soil than the wall. As a result of the flow of water from the drains, water will flow from the soil surrounding the drains into said drains at an accelerated rate.
  • the ground water in the soil will flow substantially in horizontal direction towards the wall or the drains, which allows an optimum utilization of the possible stratification of the soil and of the fact that the permeability of the soil in horizontal direction is generally greater than that in vertical direction.
  • Water may be extracted intermittently from a desired drainage element or a group of drainage elements whilst excluding the other drainage elements connected to a pump installation whereby water is successively extracted from several drainage elements or groups of drainage elements.
  • DE-2014368 A discloses a method wherein in the soil there are formed vertical drains and at levels below ground surface there are formed horizontally extending walls by injecting horizontal jets of water into the ground for forming holes which may be filled with sand.
  • a drainage element is disposed in the soil, which drainage element is built up in the illustrated embodiment of a wall 5 of a permeable material, for example sand, which extends at least substantially vertically downwards from the ground surface, and of so-called "sand drains" 2 of a water-permeable material, generally also sand, which join the underside of the wall 5.
  • a permeable material for example sand
  • sand drains 2 of a water-permeable material, generally also sand, which join the underside of the wall 5.
  • the at least substantially vertically extending pile shaped sand drains 2 are thereby arranged in regularly spaced-apart relationship.
  • Said pile shaped sand drains can extend over a much greater depth than wall 5.
  • such sand walls 5 and joining sand drains 2 can be formed a regular distance apart in the soil.
  • the construction of the sand wall 5 and the sand drains 2 will take place in such a manner that first the sand drains are formed in the soil from the ground surface 1 in a manner which is known per se, and that subsequently the upper parts of the sand drains will be incorporated in the wall 5 by forming sand wall 5.
  • a horizontally extending drainage pipe 6 Disposed near the underside of wall 5, which extends over a depth of 6 to 7 metres from surface 1, for example, is a horizontally extending drainage pipe 6, which is connected, via a further pipe 7 schematically indicated in Figure 2, which extends upwards in wall 5 or in the soil surrounding said wall 5, to a pipe 8 which is connected to a pump installation 9.
  • the drainage pipe 6 Since the drainage pipe 6 is positioned at a comparatively limited depth, it is possible to use a normal pump for sucking water from drainage pipe 6.
  • Said extraction of water from wall 5 and from sand drains 2 results in an accelerated flow of water from the soil surrounding wall 5 and sand drains 2.
  • the flow of water from the soil to wall 5 and/or sand drains 2 will take place mainly in horizontal direction thereby, which is advantageous if the soil is stratified, whilst generally a flow of water in horizontal direction is more conducive to a good permeability of the soil than a flow of water in upward direction.
  • FIG. 2 As is indicated in Figure 2, several pipes 7, which are connected to drainage pipes 6 or the like disposed in various drainage elements, are connected to the central pipe 8 which is connected to the suction side of the pump 9.
  • a stop valve 10 is mounted in each of said pipes 7, which valve can be adjusted, for example by means of an electric motor to be activated by remote control, between an open position, in which a free flow of water through pipe 7 can take place, and a closed position, in which the discharge of water from the respective drainage element via said pipe 7 is blocked.
  • pump 9 an optimum usage of pump 9 can be obtained, wherein it is possible to extract water from a large number of drainage elements whilst using a comparatively light-duty pump installation.
  • a top load for example consisting of sand or the like material or of an enclosed mass of water or the like, can be placed on the soil to support the compacting of the water-containing soil.
  • Another possibility of discharging the water that has collected in a drainage pipe is to generate an overpressure in drainage pipe 6 at desired points in time by supplying pressurized air to pipe 6 via a pipe which is connected to the drainage pipe. The water can then be discharged via a further pipe connected to pipe 6, which leads to surface 1.
  • a compressor or the like for generating said overpressure may also be connected to drainage pipes 6 disposed in several walls 5. Generally it will only be necessary to activate the compressor or the like intermittently in this case as well, for example again in dependence on the water level in (a) sand wall(s) 5 measured by means of a sensor(s).
  • sand drains is understood to include strip-shaped drainage elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil, wherein one or more drainage elements of a water-permeable material are introduced into the soil. A drainage element consisting of a wall (5) of a water-permeable material and of drains (2) of a water-permeable material joining the underside of the wall (5) is formed in the soil. From said wall, water is extracted. A drainage pipe (6) is provided near the underside of said wall (5), which drainage pipe (6) is connected to a pump installation or the like. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil, wherein one or more drainage elements of water-permeable material are introduced into the soil.
In areas having a water-containing, poorly permeable soil, such as peaty soil, for example, compacting of the soil is necessary when constructing road, railroads or the like. It is thereby necessary to extract as much water as possible from the soil in the shortest possible time.
It is already known to place elements made of a water-permeable material, usually sand or the like granular material, such as so-called sand drains and/or sand walls, into the soil so as to consolidate the soil.
According to the invention in the soil there has been formed a drainage element consisting of a longitudinal vertical wall of a water-permeable material and of drains of a water-permeable material each having a top at its uppermost part joining the underside of the longitudinal vertical wall with their tops and extending in a downward direction from said wall and water is extracted from said wall.
When the construction according to the invention is used, water can be extracted from the wall of a permeable material via one or more drainage pipes disposed in the wall, for example by means of a pump or the like. Said extraction of water from the wall will cause the ground water level in said wall to fall, which will result in accelerated flow of ground water to the wall from the soil surrounding the wall, and also in a flow of water to the wall from the sand drains which extend deeper into the soil than the wall. As a result of the flow of water from the drains, water will flow from the soil surrounding the drains into said drains at an accelerated rate.
The ground water in the soil will flow substantially in horizontal direction towards the wall or the drains, which allows an optimum utilization of the possible stratification of the soil and of the fact that the permeability of the soil in horizontal direction is generally greater than that in vertical direction.
Water may be extracted intermittently from a desired drainage element or a group of drainage elements whilst excluding the other drainage elements connected to a pump installation whereby water is successively extracted from several drainage elements or groups of drainage elements.
It is possible thereby to extract water from a drainage element for a desired period of time and subsequently shut off the connection between the pump and said drainage element and connect the pump to another drainage element.
During the period that a drainage element is shut off from the pump following a period during which water was extracted from said drainage element, water will flow into the drainage element from the soil surrounding said drainage element. Using the pump, water will be extracted from one or more drainage elements for a specific period of time, therefore. Then the connection with said drainage element(s) will be shut off and a new connection will be effected with another drainage element or another group of drainage elements. Thus water can be extracted from a large number of drainage elements in an effective manner whilst making an optimum use of the pump.
DE-2014368 A discloses a method wherein in the soil there are formed vertical drains and at levels below ground surface there are formed horizontally extending walls by injecting horizontal jets of water into the ground for forming holes which may be filled with sand.
The invention will be explained in more detail hereafter with reference to the accompanying figures.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a possible embodiment of a drainage element.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows an arrangement of a pump and pipes connected to said pump.
    • As is schematically shown in Figure 1, a drainage element is disposed in the soil, which drainage element is built up in the illustrated embodiment of a wall 5 of a permeable material, for example sand, which extends at least substantially vertically downwards from the ground surface, and of so-called "sand drains" 2 of a water-permeable material, generally also sand, which join the underside of the wall 5. The at least substantially vertically extending pile shaped sand drains 2 are thereby arranged in regularly spaced-apart relationship.
    Said pile shaped sand drains can extend over a much greater depth than wall 5. As is furthermore schematically indicated by means of dotted lines on surface 1, such sand walls 5 and joining sand drains 2 can be formed a regular distance apart in the soil.
    Generally the construction of the sand wall 5 and the sand drains 2 will take place in such a manner that first the sand drains are formed in the soil from the ground surface 1 in a manner which is known per se, and that subsequently the upper parts of the sand drains will be incorporated in the wall 5 by forming sand wall 5.
    Disposed near the underside of wall 5, which extends over a depth of 6 to 7 metres from surface 1, for example, is a horizontally extending drainage pipe 6, which is connected, via a further pipe 7 schematically indicated in Figure 2, which extends upwards in wall 5 or in the soil surrounding said wall 5, to a pipe 8 which is connected to a pump installation 9.
    Since the drainage pipe 6 is positioned at a comparatively limited depth, it is possible to use a normal pump for sucking water from drainage pipe 6.
    Said sucking of water from drainage pipe 6 will cause the water level in wall 5 to lower, whereby water will also flow from sand drains 2 into wall 5 and be discharged from there.
    Said extraction of water from wall 5 and from sand drains 2 results in an accelerated flow of water from the soil surrounding wall 5 and sand drains 2. The flow of water from the soil to wall 5 and/or sand drains 2 will take place mainly in horizontal direction thereby, which is advantageous if the soil is stratified, whilst generally a flow of water in horizontal direction is more conducive to a good permeability of the soil than a flow of water in upward direction.
    As is indicated in Figure 2, several pipes 7, which are connected to drainage pipes 6 or the like disposed in various drainage elements, are connected to the central pipe 8 which is connected to the suction side of the pump 9. A stop valve 10 is mounted in each of said pipes 7, which valve can be adjusted, for example by means of an electric motor to be activated by remote control, between an open position, in which a free flow of water through pipe 7 can take place, and a closed position, in which the discharge of water from the respective drainage element via said pipe 7 is blocked.
    In this way a possibility has been created to suck water from one or more drainage elements by means of pump 9, whilst the pipes 7 connected to the other drainage elements are shut off by means of stop valves 8 associated with said pipes 7. Thus water can be extracted from successive individual drainage elements or specific groups of drainage elements by means of a single pump.
    This is advantageous in view of the fact that generally the rate at which water can be extracted from a drainage element is higher than the rate at which water can flow from the soil surrounding the drainage element into said drainage element. By using the method and apparatus according to the invention, it is possible to extract water from a drainage element for a certain period of time, and during the time that water is being extracted from other drainage elements, water can flow again to the drainage element from which water has just been extracted.
    Thus an optimum usage of pump 9 can be obtained, wherein it is possible to extract water from a large number of drainage elements whilst using a comparatively light-duty pump installation.
    It will be apparent that it is possible to use a computer installation or the like for controlling the various stop valves 10 to open and close automatically. It is for example possible thereby to keep a stop valve open for a specific period of time and subsequently close it again for a specific period of time. Another possibility is to use sensors for controlling the stop valves, which sensors measure the water level in the various drainage elements and on the basis of that information cause the various stop valves 8 to open and/or close.
    By thus extracting water from the soil, the grain tension in the soil will be increased, as a result of which the consolidation process or the settling of the soil can take place quickly.
    Possibly, a top load, for example consisting of sand or the like material or of an enclosed mass of water or the like, can be placed on the soil to support the compacting of the water-containing soil.
    Another possibility of discharging the water that has collected in a drainage pipe is to generate an overpressure in drainage pipe 6 at desired points in time by supplying pressurized air to pipe 6 via a pipe which is connected to the drainage pipe. The water can then be discharged via a further pipe connected to pipe 6, which leads to surface 1. A compressor or the like for generating said overpressure may also be connected to drainage pipes 6 disposed in several walls 5. Generally it will only be necessary to activate the compressor or the like intermittently in this case as well, for example again in dependence on the water level in (a) sand wall(s) 5 measured by means of a sensor(s).
    According to the invention, the term "sand drains" is understood to include strip-shaped drainage elements.

    Claims (7)

    1. A method for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil, wherein one or more drainage elements of a water-permeable material are introduced into the soil, according to said method, in the soil there has been formed a drainage element consisting of a longitudinal vertical wall (5) of water-permeable material and of drains (2) of a water-permeable material each having a top at its uppermost part joining the underside of the longitudinal vertical wall (5) with their tops and extending in a downward direction from said wall and in that water is extracted from said longitudinal vertical wall (5).
    2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a drainage pipe (6) is provided near the underside of said wall (5).
    3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that first sand drains (2) extending downwards from the ground surface are formed in the soil from the ground surface, after which the upper ends of said drains are interconnected by forming the wall (5) in the soil.
    4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that water is intermittently discharged from the wall (5).
    5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means for discharging water from a wall (5) are successively connected to several walls (5).
    6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that water is discharged from the wall (5) by means of a pump (9), which is connected to a drainage pipe (7) in said wall (5).
    7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims 1-5, characterized in that water is discharged from said wall by supplying pressurized air to a drainage pipe (7) in said sand wall (5).
    EP00200282A 1999-02-01 2000-01-27 Method for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil Expired - Lifetime EP1026328B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (4)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    NL1011182A NL1011182C2 (en) 1999-02-01 1999-02-01 Apparatus for extracting water from water-containing poorly permeable soil such as peaty soil when constructing roads, railways or the like
    NL1011182 1999-02-01
    NL1013755 1999-12-06
    NL1013755A NL1013755C1 (en) 1999-12-06 1999-12-06 Apparatus for extracting water from water-containing poorly permeable soil such as peaty soil when constructing roads, railways or the like

    Publications (3)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1026328A2 EP1026328A2 (en) 2000-08-09
    EP1026328A3 EP1026328A3 (en) 2000-12-06
    EP1026328B1 true EP1026328B1 (en) 2005-10-19

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    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP00200282A Expired - Lifetime EP1026328B1 (en) 1999-02-01 2000-01-27 Method for extracting water from water-containing, poorly permeable soil

    Country Status (4)

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    EP (1) EP1026328B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE307228T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE60023201T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2251344T3 (en)

    Families Citing this family (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE102014007081A1 (en) 2014-05-14 2015-11-19 Eduard Galinker Method and apparatus for extracting water from the damp soil by using vacuum to produce drinking water
    DE202014004011U1 (en) 2014-05-14 2014-05-28 Eduard Galinker Apparatus for extracting water from the damp soil by the use of vacuum for drinking water production
    CN117845874B (en) * 2024-03-07 2024-05-14 国网山西省电力公司经济技术研究院 Pressurized control water injection system for low-water-content collapsible loess field

    Family Cites Families (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE2014368A1 (en) * 1969-03-26 1970-10-01 Smet, Hugo, Dessel (Belgien) Method and device for producing a thin, filtering or non-filtering wall in the ground, starting from a vertical borehole
    FR2265920A1 (en) * 1974-03-29 1975-10-24 Keller Gmbh Johann Underground drainage wall construction - uses set of interconnected holes formed by bladed vibratory tool filled with cement
    US4020902A (en) * 1975-07-03 1977-05-03 R. L. Gould Well point system
    DE3002564A1 (en) * 1979-01-30 1980-08-07 Laing John Services LIQUID CHANNEL ARRANGEMENT
    US6003912A (en) * 1996-04-09 1999-12-21 Chrysler Corporation Bi-metal vehicle bumper structure
    FR2750442B1 (en) * 1996-06-26 1998-09-11 Bachy NOVEL DRAINING WALL, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND ELEMENT IMPLEMENTED

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE60023201T2 (en) 2006-07-13
    DE60023201D1 (en) 2005-11-24
    EP1026328A2 (en) 2000-08-09
    EP1026328A3 (en) 2000-12-06
    ES2251344T3 (en) 2006-05-01
    ATE307228T1 (en) 2005-11-15

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