EP1064432B1 - Consolidation method for soil layers with low permeability - Google Patents
Consolidation method for soil layers with low permeability Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1064432B1 EP1064432B1 EP99910865A EP99910865A EP1064432B1 EP 1064432 B1 EP1064432 B1 EP 1064432B1 EP 99910865 A EP99910865 A EP 99910865A EP 99910865 A EP99910865 A EP 99910865A EP 1064432 B1 EP1064432 B1 EP 1064432B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- water
- line
- valve
- trench
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
- E02D3/106—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains by forming sand drains containing only loose aggregates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
Definitions
- the invention relates to for consolidating a water-containing layer of soil with limited liquid permeability, for example a clay- or peat-containing layer, comprising:
- a venturi pump is positioned near the bottom of the trenches. This pump is connected to ground level by means of a liquid feed line and a liquid discharge line. Groundwater and pump water are discharged simultaneously.
- the object of the invention is to avoid these drawbacks, and to provide a method according to the preamble by which the raising of water may take place rapidly, the system also works if the depth of the water level is greater than 6 to 7 meter.
- the method mentioned in the preamble is characterized in that a non-return valve is connected to the filter on the pipe, and in that the said riser line is a suction line which is connected to a suction source positioned above or in the vicinity of ground level, and that the said pipe is placed in communication, via a line and a shut-off valve, with either a suction source or the atmosphere or a pressure source.
- EP-A-329500 discloses a method of consolidating a water containing layer of soil with limited liquid permeability.
- a number of perforated drain pipes having a diameter of approximately 50 mm, are positioned in the soil.
- the water discharge plastic pipe (diameter 4-8 mm) is applied inside each drain pipe. All water discharge pipes are connected to a flexible hose which debouches into a suction source positioned above the ground level.
- a layer of permeable material for instance sand is applied on the soil and an other pipe, in connection with said suction source, debouches into the layer of permeable material.
- the lower end of the water discharges pipes is connected to a float controlled valve (not a non-return valve); in case of a water level in the water drain pipes above and underneath the float the valve will open and close respectively.
- a float controlled valve not a non-return valve
- the system will work intermittently, that is to say causing underpressure in a top layer (laying on the permeable layer) and bringing water upwards through the water discharge pipe by suction.
- the space inside the said pipe is divided into two chambers by a diaphragm, the first chamber being in communication, via a line, with means for intermittently placing the said chamber in communication with a suction source, the atmosphere or a pressure source, and the second chamber being connected to the said filter on the underside, via the said non-return valve, and being placed in communication with the suction line on the top side, via a non-return valve.
- the said diaphragm is preferably in the form of a bag, the interior of which forms the said second chamber.
- a drainage pipe to be arranged in the said trenches or holes and for the said water-collection pipe to be placed with the water inlet part in the said drainage pipe, in a removable and replaceable manner.
- the drainage pipe preferably comprises flexible material and has a part which projects approximately as far as or above ground level and a part which extends essentially along the length of the trench in the ground.
- the drainage pipe will be surrounded by filter material, as is customary.
- a sheet may be placed over the top surface of the trench or shaft which is filled with water-permeable material, it being possible to place the bottom surface of the said sheet in communication with a suction source via a line with a valve.
- EP-A-0,608,928 describes a method for consolidating a layer of soil with limited liquid permeability, in which method vertical drainage pipes which are provided with perforations are inserted into the layer of soil with limited permeability, which drainage pipes are surrounded by filter membranes.
- a riser line in the form of a suction line which is connected to a suction pump positioned above ground level, is fitted into the said drainage pipes.
- the bottom of the pipe is closed off by a cover or tight plug and a plug of expanded plastic material is arranged at a short distance from the top of the pipes.
- a line for supplying compressed air opens into the drainage pipes. In this known method, there are no trenches filled with sand or similar material dug in the soil.
- the drainage pipes are provided with perforations over their entire height, so that neither a filter at the bottom of the pipes nor a non-return valve are present. If sand-filled pipes were to be used, the method would not work in combination with the perforations in the pipes. The pressure reduction would then spread across the spaces between the grains of sand and, in the event of compressed air being blown in, this compressed air would disappear into the sand via the perforations. The absence of sand-filled trenches means that the flow of water into the pipes will be slight.
- parallel trenches 1 are dug in the clay or peat soil at intervals of, for example, 2 to 3 metres. Only one of these trenches 1 is shown.
- the trenches are filled with sand or another water-permeable material. Also, the top layer is replaced or covered by a layer of sand 2.
- a pipe 3 is positioned in each trench 1, surrounded by the sand, with a filter 4 attached to its underside.
- a wall 5 with an opening which can be closed off by a non-return valve 6 is positioned between the filter 4 and the pipe 3.
- the remaining part of the pipe 3, runs optionally via a horizontal part (as shown in Figure 2), to above ground level and ends at an end piece 7.
- a suction line 8 extends from a point which lies just above the non-return valve 6 to as far as the end piece 7, and from there, via an opening in the end piece 7, to a water collection tank 9.
- a vacuum tank 10 in which the vacuum is automatically maintained within selected limits by a vacuum pump 11, is placed in communication with the suction line 8 via a line 12 with a shut-off/non-return valve 13 and via a line 14 with a drainage pump 15. If drainage pump 15 is not operating, line 14 is closed off.
- the end piece 7 is in communication with the vacuum vessel 10 via line 16 with the shut-off valve 17 and line 18.
- a manifold 19 is fitted in the line 16 below the shut-off valve 17, and a compressed-air line 20 with shut-off valve 21 and a line 22 which opens out into the outside air and has shut-off valve 23 are connected to this manifold 19.
- the line 18 which is connected to the vacuum tank passes through to the bottom surface of a covering sheet 26 which is positioned above the layer of sand arranged on the layer of clay or peat.
- a shut-off valve 24 is arranged in the line 18.
- a shut-off valve 25 is positioned in the suction line 8 between the lines 12 and 14.
- the installation operates as follows:
- the normal groundwater level is indicated in Figure 1 by P.
- the shut-off valve 13 is open and the shut-off valve 17 is closed.
- the pump 11 generates a vacuum in the vacuum tank 10.
- the water present in the pipe 3 is sucked up via the suction line 8 and is discharged into the tank 9 via line 12 and the open valve 13, with the valve 25 in the closed position.
- the water falls to the level Q, the difference in height between the levels P and Q corresponding to the vacuum in the vacuum tank 10. If too much water still remains in the pipe 3, the water level in the pipe 3 can be lowered to the level R by allowing compressed air to flow into the pipe 3 via the open line 20, the shut-off valve 21 and the line 16.
- shut-off valve 23 is opened and then the shut-off valve 23 is closed again and the shut-off valve 17 is opened again, with the result that vacuum is drawn into the pipe 3.
- Water which is sucked in via the filter 4 is admitted into the pipe 3 via the automatically opening non-return valve 6.
- the abovementioned cycle is restarted.
- the water which is passed into the vacuum tank can be guided into the water collection tank 9, by means of the pump 15, via the line 14 and the last part of the suction line 8.
- Shut-off valve 25 is then closed.
- the installation operates intermittently with a vacuum, at atmospheric pressure or above atmospheric pressure. There is no pump in the pipe 3. By using compressed air, the water depth which can be achieved in the trench I is in principle unlimited.
- Figure 2 shows that the pipe 3 has a long horizontal section 3A.
- the non-return valve 6 is of flap design. This horizontal section forms a buffer.
- shut-off valve 24 By opening the shut-off valve 24, air is sucked out beneath the sheet 26. The result is that the pressure is reduced (for example by 6 metres water column) to as far as the bottom of the trench 1. The load on the subsoil is increased by approximately the same pressure, resulting in accelerated consolidation. The trench 1 will then be filled more quickly with water which is released from clay or peat soil by consolidation. In this process, there is a risk of the water level in the pipe 3 rising to above the level P, since a considerably increased load on the soil is involved.
- the liquid level in the pipe 3 can be lowered by sucking out water, for which purpose atmospheric air can be admitted into the pipe 3 via the shut-off valve 23 or compressed air can be admitted via the shut-off valve 21. As soon as the water level in the pipe has fallen back to the desired level, the pressure can be reduced by suction.
- the system can function unmanned by automatically switching various shut-off valves and flaps within specific time intervals.
- the pipe 3 together with the suction line 8 is installed in a plastic drain which is known per se and functions as a filter 4.
- the embodiment in accordance with Figure 3 differs from the embodiment in accordance with Figures 1 and 2 in that that part of the suction line 8 which is situated in the pipe is replaced by an elongate diaphragm 30, which is connected to the filter 4 by means of non-return valve 6 and is connected to the suction line 8 via the non-return valve 31. It will be clear that by admitting compressed air into the pipe 3 the bag 30 is compressed, in order to force the water in the said bag upwards, while if a vacuum is generated in the pipe 3 the diaphragm bag walls will bulge outwards, thus generating a vacuum in the bag and allowing groundwater to flow into the bag 30 via filter 4.
- a diaphragm bag As an alternative to a diaphragm bag, it is possible to make use of a diaphragm wall which is arranged in the pipe 3 and divides the chamber inside the pipe into two sub-chambers, one sub-chamber being in communication with the filter via the non-return valve 6 and a vacuum, atmospheric pressure or superatmospheric pressure being generated in the other sub-chamber.
- Figures 4 and 5 show in a more or less diagrammatic manner that a number of drainage trenches 1 have been dug, at intervals of, for example, 2 to 3 m, in an area of land which comprises a layer of soil with limited water permeability, such as peat or clay, and which is to be consolidated by settling, in which drainage trenches a water-collection hose 3 is placed, with a non-return valve 6 at its bottom end, followed by a filter which can filter water flowing in.
- a number of drainage trenches 1 have been dug, at intervals of, for example, 2 to 3 m, in an area of land which comprises a layer of soil with limited water permeability, such as peat or clay, and which is to be consolidated by settling, in which drainage trenches a water-collection hose 3 is placed, with a non-return valve 6 at its bottom end, followed by a filter which can filter water flowing in.
- the other end 7 of the water collection hose 3 extends to above ground level, and in the manner described above a line 16 is connected to the end 7, which line may be connected, via shut-off valves, to a suction line, a compressed-air line or a line which opens out to the atmosphere.
- a water suction hose 8 which is connected in the manner described above to a vacuum tank (not shown) and which opens out above a water collection tank (not shown), is situated in the water collection hose 3.
- the water collection hose 3 is arranged in a flexible drainage pipe 32 which is positioned in the trench 1 before this trench is filled with sand or another water-permeable material.
- the drainage pipe 32 will have a filter material, such as coir or a nonwoven, wound around it.
- the flexible drainage pipes 32 will extend over substantially the entire length of the trenches.
- a sheet 26 may be laid over the surface of the soil to be consolidated.
- the suction hose 8 which is connected to a vacuum source is used to suck the water out of the hose 3 and guide it into a tank.
- the water level in the water collection hose 3 falls to a level which corresponds to the vacuum generated by the suction source.
- the water level in the water collection pipe 3 can be lowered further by connecting the line 16 to a compressed-air source, with the valve 6 closed and the remaining water being discharged via the hose 8 by means of the excess pressure.
- the lowest water level has been reached (just below the bottom limit of the horizontal section of the water collection hose 3)
- the supply of compressed air is stopped and the hose 8 is again connected to the vacuum source.
- Water can be admitted back into the water collection hose 3 via the non-return valve 6.
- vacuum and compressed air are used intermittently. The possibility of using atmospheric pressure instead of compressed air is not ruled out.
- the most important advantage of the system according to Figures 4 and 5 is that the water collection hose 3 with non-return valve 6 and any filter can easily be removed for inspection or cleaning or repair and, if necessary, can be replaced. Furthermore, the drainage capacity of the system with a continuous flexible drainage pipe over the length of the draining body of sand is many times greater than with the system according to Figures 1 to 3 inclusive.
- the said area is surrounded by a water-replacing wall 33, comprising a trench which is filled with sand or another water-permeable material and is fed with water, for example by means of a make-up ditch 34.
- the groundwater level is indicated by dashed lines in Figure 2 and in the vicinity of the wall 33 rises steeply up to the water level in the ditch 34. There is no reduction in the groundwater level outside the area which is to be consolidated. There is no risk of subsidence or damage to piled foundations in the immediate vicinity of that area.
- the advantage of the system described is that a low power consumption can be assumed and that no process water is required.
- Groundwater can be raised from depths in excess of approx. 8 m water column. Reaching the lowest water level in pipe 3 can be monitored by measuring the water discharged into the tank 9.
- Compressed-air facilities are inexpensive and the system can be fitted in plastic drains, resulting in a reduction in price.
Description
- digging at least one trench or hole in the soil,
- bringing a pipe - connected to a filter element - in said trench, said pipe having an impermeable wall,
- filling the trench around said pipe with material having a good water permeability, and raising the ground water which has passed into the pipe via the filter to above ground level by means of a separate riser pipe which riser pipe is situated at least partially in said pipe.
Claims (10)
- Method for consolidating a water-containing layer of soil with limited liquid permeability, for example a clay- or peat-containing layer, comprising:digging at least one trench or hole in the soil,bringing a pipe (3) - connected to a filter element (4) - in said trench, said pipe having an impermeable wall,filling the trench around said pipe (3) with material having a good water permeability, and raising the ground water which has passed into the pipe (3) via the filter (4) to above ground level by means of a separate riser pipe (8; 8, 30) which riser pipe (8; 8, 30) is situated at least partially in said pipe (3),
that said riser pipe (8; 8, 30) is a suction pipe which is connected to a suction source (10, 11) positioned above or in the vicinity of ground level, and
that the said pipe (3) is placed in communication, via a line (16, 18, 22, 20) and a shut off valve (17, 23, 21) with either a suction source or the atmosphere or a pressure source. - Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said suction line has a connection (12), which can be shut off by a shut-off valve (13), to a suction source which is designed as a vacuum tank (10) connected to a vacuum pump (1), which vacuum tank is connected, via a line (14) with pump (15), to a line which opens out in or above a water collection tank (9).
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the space inside the said pipe (3) is divided into two chambers by a diaphragm (30), the first chamber being in communication, via a line (16), with means for intermittently placing the said chamber in communication with a suction source (10), the atmosphere or a pressure source, and the second chamber being connected to the said filter (4) on the underside, via the said non-return valve (6), and being placed in communication with the suction line (8) on the top side, via a non-return valve (31).
- Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the said diaphragm (30) is in the form of a bag, the interior of which forms the said second chamber.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, before the trenches or holes (1) are filled with water-permeable material, a drainage pipe (32) is arranged in the said trenches or holes and the said water-collection pipe (3) is placed with the water inlet in the said drainage pipe (32), in a removable and replaceable manner.
- Method according to Claim 5, characterized in that the drainage pipe (32) comprises flexible material.
- Method according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the drainage pipe (32) has a part which projects approximately as far as or above ground level and a part which extends essentially along the length of the trench in the ground.
- Method according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the drainage pipe (32) is surrounded with filter material.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer to be consolidated is surrounded by a trench (33) which is filled with water-permeable material and is connected to a water source, such as a ditch (34).
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a sheet (26) is placed over the top surface of the trench or hole (1) which is filled with water-permeable material, it being possible to place the bottom surface of the said sheet in communication with a suction source (10) via a line (18) with valve (24).
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1008617 | 1998-03-17 | ||
NL1008617A NL1008617C2 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 1998-03-17 | Consolidating method for water-containing layer of soil with limited liquid permeability e.g. clay |
NL1009792A NL1009792C1 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 1998-08-03 | Method for consolidating a water-retaining water-retaining layer, for example a clay or peat-containing layer. |
NL1009792 | 1998-08-03 | ||
PCT/NL1999/000141 WO1999047756A1 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 1999-03-16 | Consolidation method for soil layers with low permeability |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1064432A1 EP1064432A1 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
EP1064432B1 true EP1064432B1 (en) | 2002-07-10 |
Family
ID=26642775
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99910865A Expired - Lifetime EP1064432B1 (en) | 1998-03-17 | 1999-03-16 | Consolidation method for soil layers with low permeability |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1064432B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2963099A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69902088T2 (en) |
NL (1) | NL1009792C1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999047756A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102162253A (en) * | 2011-05-07 | 2011-08-24 | 山东新城建工股份有限公司 | Precipitation construction method employing pipe embedding in deep foundation pits |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2366504B (en) * | 2000-09-08 | 2004-06-23 | Sel Environmental Ltd | Fluid movement apparatus |
FR2853055A1 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-01 | Denis Alonso S A | Drill casing method for use in explosive industry, involves regulating watertight device for tightening, such that water contained in drill is penetrated to interior of casing, and evacuating water in interior of casing |
FR3009005B1 (en) * | 2013-07-26 | 2015-07-24 | Soletanche Freyssinet | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SEALING SOIL SOIL. |
JP6304813B2 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2018-04-04 | 五洋建設株式会社 | Saturated ground compaction method |
CN108751639B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-06-11 | 广州市盛洲地基基础工程有限公司 | Sludge dewatering and solidifying treatment method and device |
CN114991191B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-06-09 | 中建生态环境集团有限公司 | Duplex vacuum negative pressure dewatering and pumping integrated well pipe |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2627202B1 (en) * | 1988-02-15 | 1992-04-17 | Menard Soltraitement | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONSOLIDATION OF LANDS |
US4927292A (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-05-22 | Justice Donald R | Horizontal dewatering system |
FR2663373B1 (en) * | 1990-06-18 | 1993-05-28 | Cognon Jean Marie | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ESTABLISHING A LOW IN A PERMEABLE ZONE ISOLATED FROM THE ATMOSPHERE BY A SEALED MEMBRANE. |
BE1006637A3 (en) * | 1993-01-25 | 1994-11-03 | Verstraeten Funderingstech Bv | Method for accelerated konsolideren of land. |
NL1003584C2 (en) * | 1996-07-12 | 1997-06-06 | Kessel B V Geb Van | Method for consolidating water-bearing soil. |
-
1998
- 1998-08-03 NL NL1009792A patent/NL1009792C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-03-16 AU AU29630/99A patent/AU2963099A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-03-16 WO PCT/NL1999/000141 patent/WO1999047756A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-03-16 DE DE69902088T patent/DE69902088T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-03-16 EP EP99910865A patent/EP1064432B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102162253A (en) * | 2011-05-07 | 2011-08-24 | 山东新城建工股份有限公司 | Precipitation construction method employing pipe embedding in deep foundation pits |
CN102162253B (en) * | 2011-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 山东新城建工股份有限公司 | Precipitation construction method employing pipe embedded in deep foundation pits |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2963099A (en) | 1999-10-11 |
NL1009792C1 (en) | 1999-09-20 |
DE69902088T2 (en) | 2003-03-20 |
EP1064432A1 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
WO1999047756A1 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
DE69902088D1 (en) | 2002-08-14 |
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