CN210562503U - Be suitable for rainwater garden as afforestation water source - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a be suitable for rainwater garden as afforestation water source, including planting soil layer, sand bed and the porous disk layer that from top to bottom distributes in proper order, the porous disk layer is mainly laid by the panel that permeates water and is formed, the support has the stand below the perspective panel, the space between porous disk and the bottom basis is the space that catchments, can be equipped with the cistern, and the immersible pump in space or the output pipeline of suction pump insert the import of cistern can be equipped with vertical overflow pipe, and its upper end opening is located the top of overburden or overburden, the lower extreme opening with the space that catchments, the panel that permeates water is preferred to adopt bilayer structure, and the upper strata is the sand base porous disk, and the lower floor is the stone base porous disk, and the preferred stereoplasm frame that is provided with all around of stone base porous disk, can distribute a plurality of vertical through-holes on the stone base porous disk. The rainwater garden has high water storage capacity and convenient maintenance, and can be used as a landscaping water source.

Description

Be suitable for rainwater garden as afforestation water source

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a be suitable for rainwater garden as afforestation water source belongs to gardens and environmental protection technical field.

Background

The rainwater garden is a naturally formed or artificially excavated shallow-recessed green land, and is used for gathering and absorbing rainwater from a roof or the ground, purifying the rainwater through the combined action of plants and sand, gradually infiltrating the rainwater into soil, conserving underground water, or supplementing urban water such as landscape water and toilet water. The existing rainwater garden is generally a covering layer, a planting soil layer, a sand layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom, perforated pipes arranged in the gravel layer are used as water collecting pipes, ground rainwater flows into the rainwater garden and then passes through the soil planting layer and the sand layer to be collected in the gravel layer, the rainwater is collected through the perforated pipes of the gravel layer and then can be sent to a water using facility or a water storage facility, a horizontal (approximately horizontal) overflow pipe can be arranged above the covering layer or the covering layer, and the rainwater is discharged through the overflow pipe when the water level is too high. The rainwater garden (or called rainwater garden facility) has the defects that in the process that rainwater continuously passes through a planting soil layer, tiny particles in the planting soil layer are carried into a gravel layer, sludge is deposited on the gravel layer and organic matters in water, gaps among gravels and pipe holes of a water collecting pipe are gradually blocked after a certain time, the water collecting capacity of the rainwater garden is gradually reduced until the rainwater garden is completely lost, meanwhile, anaerobic fermentation can occur under the anaerobic environment in the gravel layer, peculiar smell is generated, and the sludge needs to be dug and rebuilt to be removed. In addition, the water collecting space (the space between the gravels) of the gravel layer occupies a small area in the entire gravel layer, and the water storage capacity is affected.

On the other hand, permeable sheets such as permeable bricks are commonly used for rainwater collection. In order to meet the requirements of sponge cities, effectively utilize rainwater resources, avoid urban waterlogging, and develop the water seepage pavement (ground) technology, the existing water seepage pavement is mainly paved by various ground plates with certain water seepage/permeability performance, so that the ground accumulated water permeates into soil layers below the plates through the ground plates, wherein the porous water permeable brick mainly comprises a sand-based water permeable brick mainly made of sand and a binder and a stone-based water permeable brick mainly made of broken stones and cement (concrete), wherein the stone-based water permeable brick has lower cost, but rough surface, poor aesthetic effect and easy blockage by soil carried in water, the sand-based water permeable brick has higher cost, better appearance than the stone-based water permeable brick, but limited water permeability, and also has the possibility of blockage, and has limited strength and cannot bear large pressure, and particularly has relatively low bending (shearing) resistance. In addition, the ecological water permeable bricks belong to sand-based water permeable bricks, and the water permeable performance and the pollutant adsorption performance are improved by using a certain treatment material and a preparation process, so that the water permeable capacity of the product is improved, the product is not easy to block, and the ecological water permeable bricks can be popularized and utilized in occasions with higher requirements.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a rainwater garden which is suitable for being used as a garden greening water source.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: the utility model provides a be suitable for rainwater garden as afforestation water source, includes planting soil layer, sand bed and the porous sheet layer that from top to bottom distributes in proper order, the porous sheet layer is mainly laid by the panel that permeates water and is formed, the support has the stand below the perspective panel, be the bottom basis below the stand, the space between the panel that permeates water and the bottom basis is the space of catchmenting.

The bottom foundation can be a water-permeable hard foundation or a water-impermeable hard foundation.

The edges of the respective permeable sheets located at the edge portions of the layer of permeable sheets are preferably embedded in the surrounding soil layer.

The water collecting space submersible pump can be arranged in the water collecting space, or the water collecting space water suction pump is arranged outside the water collecting space, and an inlet pipeline of the water collecting space water suction pump extends to a water storage area of the water collecting space.

A permeable filter pad can be arranged between the permeable plate layer and the sand layer, and the upper surface of the permeable plate is provided with a convex-concave structure.

The water collecting device can also be provided with a water storage tank, and an output pipeline of the water collecting space submersible pump or the water collecting space water suction pump is connected into an inlet of the water storage tank.

The water level control device is characterized in that a vertical baffle plate is preferably arranged between the inlet side area and the main water storage area of the water storage tank, the top end of the vertical baffle plate extends to the top of the tank or is at least higher than the control water level height of the water storage tank, and a space is reserved between the lower end of the vertical baffle plate and the bottom of the water storage tank.

The inlet of the reservoir is preferably located at the upper part of its inlet side.

The bottom of the reservoir is preferably conical.

The reservoir can be provided with a water outlet pump for delivering water outwards, and an inlet of the water outlet pump is connected with a clear water area of the main water storage area of the reservoir.

The cistern can be equipped with the mortar pump that is used for taking out bottom of the pool silt, the access connection of mortar pump the toper region of cistern bottom.

The vertical overflow pipe penetrates through the planting soil layer and the sand layer, an upper end opening of the vertical overflow pipe is located above the covering layer or the covering layer, and a lower end opening of the vertical overflow pipe is located in the water collecting space.

The permeable plate is preferably of a double-layer structure, the upper layer is a sand-based permeable layer, and the lower layer is a stone-based permeable layer.

The periphery of the stone-based permeable layer is preferably provided with a hard frame which surrounds the side surface of the stone-based permeable layer.

A plurality of vertical through holes can be distributed on the stone-based permeable layer.

Vertical protrusions and vertical grooves which can correspond to each other are preferably arranged on the opposite outer side faces of the hard frame respectively, and the vertical protrusions can be inserted into the corresponding vertical grooves of the other water-permeable plate due to the design of size, dimension and the like.

The outer side edges of the cross sections of the vertical protrusions and the vertical grooves are preferably in a shape of a cylinder with a smooth (non-angular) curve. Typically, the curved middle is convex outward (vertical convex) or concave inward (vertical concave), and preferably left-right symmetrical.

The length (vertical size) of vertical arch and vertical recess can all be less than the height of stereoplasm frame, lower extreme to the bottom of stereoplasm frame, upper end do not to the top of stereoplasm limit degree, promptly, the top of upper end leaves partial stereoplasm frame, the lower extreme with the entity lower extreme parallel and level of stereoplasm frame, its below then do not have the stereoplasm frame, from this, when guaranteeing the grafting function, guarantee the wholeness of stereoplasm frame, avoid the obvious destruction to stereoplasm frame bulk strength.

The utility model has the advantages that: because the upright posts are adopted to support the water collecting space below the water permeable plate, compared with a gravel layer with the same volume, the water collecting capacity (the water containing capacity or the water storage capacity) is greatly improved, the rainwater with the conventional rainfall can be effectively collected and stored, and under the conventional courtyard greening layout, the collected rainwater, particularly the regular domestic sewage suitable for greening can basically meet the requirements of greening and watering and can be used as a water source or other water sources suitable for landscaping and even a main water source; because the water storage space is filled with water for a long time or frequently and is relatively closed, the humidity below the planting soil layer is basically maintained in a saturated state, necessary soil moisture is provided for plants planted in the rainwater garden, the favorable growth state of the plants with the preference for wetting is favorably kept, meanwhile, the submersible pump and the water level detection device are arranged in the water collection space, after the water level in the water collection space exceeds the limit, the submersible pump can be started to forcibly drain the water, the water is drained to the special water storage device or the drainage system, the planting soil layer is prevented from being submerged or soaked by the water for a long time, the air above the water collection space is air, the air can circulate to the planting soil layer through gaps in the water permeable plates and the sand layer, and the overflow pipe for communicating the external atmospheric space and the water collection space can be arranged, the air and oxygen content in the planting soil layer is favorably maintained, and the requirement of aerobic respiration of the plant root system, the good growth condition of the plant is maintained, and the root rot phenomenon is avoided; because the permeable plate adopts an upper layer structure and a lower layer structure, the upper layer is a sand-based permeable layer, and the lower layer is a stone-based permeable layer, the good permeability, filtration and antifouling performance of the existing sand-based permeable bricks, particularly ecological sand-based permeable bricks can be utilized, the permeable effect is ensured, meanwhile, the pollution and blockage to the surface of the permeable plate are reduced or prevented, the filtering effect of impurities and pollutants in water is improved, the water quality of collected water is improved, and the water storage quality deterioration caused by excessive deposition of the impurities is avoided; because the lower layer adopts the stone-based permeable layer, the thickness can be set as required, the relatively higher strength requirement is met, the influence on the permeable effect due to the increased thickness is avoided or reduced, meanwhile, under the support of the lower layer, the upper layer and the lower layer are tightly combined together, the pressure applied to the upper layer is transmitted to the lower layer, and the lower layer with higher strength ensures that the sand-based permeable layer cannot be crushed due to pressure in a higher pressure range, so the thickness of the upper layer can be reduced, and the influence on the permeable capacity is reduced; the strip-shaped guide grooves (grooves) or the criss-cross guide grooves are formed in the surface of the water permeable plate, so that the water can flow transversely, and even if the local water amount permeating the water permeable plate is too large or the water permeability of the local water permeable plate is reduced, the water permeability of the whole water permeable plate layer can be fully utilized, and the water permeability speed is ensured; because the periphery on stone base permeable bed has set up the stereoplasm frame of making with high-grade cement concrete to can adopt reinforced concrete as required, greatly improved the holistic resistance to compression of brick that permeates water, bending resistance (resistance to shear) ability, allow the built on stilts use with this kind of panel that permeates water, and then for realizing the utility model discloses a space support that catchments provides the condition.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure (partially cut away) of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a water permeable sheet according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another permeable sheet according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a third water-permeable sheet according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fourth permeable sheet according to the present invention;

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a rain garden suitable for use as a landscaping water source, which comprises a planting soil layer 64, a sand layer 62 and a permeable board layer distributed in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the permeable board layer is mainly formed by laying permeable boards 10, a column 30 is supported below the permeable board, a bottom foundation is below the column, rammed in-situ soil can be used, but in order to avoid the bottom foundation sinking, a hard foundation can be generally laid or built on the rammed soil, for example, a plurality of concrete boards padded under each column are laid, gaps are left between the concrete boards, or the concrete boards are fully laid or the concrete foundation is poured, but based on the consideration of water and air circulation between the lower soil layer, as long as the stability of the bottom foundation can be maintained, the full laying is not required, and water proofing is not required, so as to form a permeable hard foundation, in order to improve the perspective performance, a plurality of vertical through holes penetrating through the whole bottom foundation can be specially formed on the bottom foundation. When water is scarce, a water-impermeable hard foundation, for example, a concrete-cast integral foundation or a foundation subjected to water-proofing treatment, may also be used.

The setting and the distribution of stand can be according to prior art to guarantee the effective support to all the panel that permeates water, for example, can set up the four corners department at the panel that permeates water, and can set up the great supporting disk 32 of area with the top of stand, support the angle of four panels of meeting together simultaneously.

The columns may be of any suitable material, for example, stone columns, or reinforced concrete columns, etc.

The upright posts and the supported water-permeable plates can be bonded by adopting an adhesive so as to be beneficial to stability.

The space that is supported out by the stand between the panel and the bottom basis of permeating water is catchment space 40 or calls the catch basin (secret catch basin), and the top sees through the water of planting soil horizon and sand bed and further passes the panel that permeates water after, gets into catchment space, can set up the height in catchment space according to actual need and actual conditions, under the general condition, should consider the water storage capacity in catchment space and satisfy the user demand.

Can bury the soil horizon around the corresponding board that permeates water that lies in board layer edge part around the edge, rely on soil around to carry out the edge fixing of corresponding board that permeates water, also can set up boundary wall or side column 35 in the edge part all around of catchment space for support the board that permeates water of edge part.

A submersible pump 42 may be provided in the water collecting space for pumping out water from the water collecting space.

The water collecting space can be internally provided with an upper limit water level gauge 46 for detecting whether the water level reaches the upper limit of drainage control, when the water level rises to the upper limit of drainage control, the water collecting space submersible pump or water pump is controlled to start according to corresponding signals of the upper limit water level gauge through an automatic control device to discharge water, the primary drainage quantity under the condition can be preset to ensure that the water level falls to the lower limit of the required drainage control, and a corresponding lower limit water level gauge can be also arranged for detecting whether the water level is lower than the lower limit of the drainage control, when the water level is lower than the lower limit of the drainage control, the automatic control device can stop the operation of the submersible pump, so that certain water in the water collecting space can be kept, the humidity environment below the water permeable plate is kept, and the saturated humidity can be.

The board layer of permeating water with can set up the filter pad 61 that permeates water between the sand bed, the filter pad that permeates water can adopt to be similar to the current lawn of permeating water or permeate water forms such as felt, cloth of permeating water, can adopt the chemical fiber material of non-perishable to make, through the setting of the filter layer that permeates water, can keep apart the tiny particle of sand bed or impurity such as soil particle and colloid that smugglies secretly in the aquatic effectively, avoids these impurity to block up the board that permeates water.

Depending on the circumstances, an underground or ground water reservoir 70 may be provided around the circumference, the output pipe 43 of the submersible pump being connected to the inlet of the reservoir, whereby the water is discharged into a special reservoir.

Preferably, a vertical baffle plate 78 is arranged between the inlet side area and the main water storage area of the reservoir, the top end of the vertical baffle plate extends to the top of the reservoir or is at least higher than the height of the controlled water level, a gap is reserved between the lower end of the vertical baffle plate and the bottom of the reservoir to be used as a water flow channel, the inlet of the reservoir is positioned at the upper part of the inlet side, the inlet water is blocked by the baffle plate to flow downwards and then flows upwards after passing through the baffle plate, and in the process, particles and the like carried in the water are separated from the water under the action of inertia and are deposited at the.

The bottom of the pond of cistern is preferred to be the toper to be equipped with mortar pump 73, the silt of deposit at the bottom of the pond can adopt the mortar pump to take out, the mortar pump also can set up outside the pond, extends to the cone region at the bottom of the pond with its import pipeline.

The water storage tank is also internally provided with a water outlet pump 72 which can be arranged at a certain height in the tank through a bracket or arranged outside the tank and extends an inlet pipeline of the water outlet pump to a certain height in the tank.

A water level gauge 76 can be arranged in the reservoir and used for detecting the water level height in the reservoir, and the corresponding control device controls water outlet through a water level height signal of the water level gauge after the water level exceeds a set height and starts a water outlet pump to work.

The mortar pump can be started at regular time according to empirical data to discharge silt, the end point of the silt discharge is determined according to the visual observation condition of the concentration of the silt in the water pumped out by the mortar pump, the work of the mortar pump is stopped, and the silt discharge period is adjusted accordingly.

The plants 81 are planted in the planting soil layer, and according to the actual situation, the plants can be humidful plants or the mixture of aquatic plants and humidful plants. The plant roots may extend to the sand bed.

The ground around the rain garden can be a slope which gradually rises from near to far, and grass or other suitable plants 82 are planted on the slope to reduce runoff erosion.

Referring to fig. 2 to 5, preferably, the permeable plate is of a double-layer structure, the upper layer is a sand-based permeable layer 12, which can be manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the existing sand-based permeable brick or the sand-based permeable brick with the corresponding thickness and shape, the lower layer is a stone-based permeable layer 16, which can be manufactured according to the manufacturing method of the existing stone-based permeable brick or the stone-based permeable brick with the corresponding thickness and shape, the periphery of the stone-based permeable layer is provided with a hard frame 17, which surrounds the side surface of the stone-based permeable layer, the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the stone-based permeable layer can be generally flush with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the stone-based permeable brick respectively, and can be manufactured by concrete or reinforced concrete, or can be manufactured by using. Can produce the stereoplasm frame and the sand base permeable bed (sand base brick that permeates water) of stone base permeable bed earlier, the up end of stereoplasm frame and the lower extreme of sand base permeable bed face its bonding together, the mould (sand base permeable bed towards down) as the stone base permeable bed according to this, the stone base permeable bed will be produced according to the manufacturing method of stone base brick that permeates water wherein, can consolidate sand base permeable bed and stereoplasm together at the consolidation in-process of stone base permeable bed, form whole panel, under this situation, do not require that sand base permeable bed and stereoplasm frame have too high cohesive strength when bonding. When vertical through holes need to be formed in the stone-based permeable layer, a cylindrical mold for forming corresponding through holes can be inserted.

Surround all sides of stone base permeable bed through stereoplasm frame for pressure and shearing force above the stereoplasm frame not only can bear, but also can protect the stone base permeable bed.

The sand-based permeable layer and the area and the shape of the sand-based permeable layer are preferably the same as those of the stone-based permeable layer and the hard frame, and the outer edge (outer side surface) of the hard frame are on the same plane. Generally, it may have a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole.

The stone-based permeable layer is generally bonded with the sand-based permeable layer and the hard frame into a whole, and no gap is reserved between the mutual connection surfaces. For special designs, grooves or the like may also be provided on the interconnection surfaces.

Preferably, the upper surface of the sand-based permeable layer is provided with a plurality of transverse grooves 13 or a convex-concave structure with a plurality of vertical protrusions, and concave parts in the convex-concave structure form latticed grooves so as to increase the surface area of the permeable layer. Particularly, when the permeable filter pad can be arranged between the permeable plate layer and the sand layer, the permeable filter pad is not completely attached to the concave part on the sand-based permeable layer, so that a transverse water flow channel without being blocked by an object is formed, and water can smoothly circulate in the water flow channel formed by the grooves, so that the water permeability of each part is fully utilized.

The horizontal grooves and the vertical bulges are uniformly or regularly distributed on the upper surface of the sand-based permeable layer.

Preferably, there are a plurality of vertical through-holes 14 on the stone base permeable bed, because the main function of stone base permeable bed in this kind of panel is to support sand base permeable bed, reduce or avoid sand base permeable bed to receive the shearing force because of top load and/or below stereoplasm frame support, make the size of controlling these vertical through-holes, just can be in the enough little scope because of the shear force control that sets up vertical through-hole and produce, can not lead to the damage of sand base permeable bed, and simultaneously, the weight of stone base permeable bed has been reduced, and, hydroenergy can pass stone base permeable bed smoothly through these vertical through-holes, consequently, allow lower floor (stone base permeable bed and stereoplasm frame) to have bigger thickness, and then have bigger load-carrying capacity.

Preferably, the hard frame is provided with vertical protrusions 18 and vertical grooves 19 corresponding to each other on opposite outer sides, and generally, the center of the cross section is a straight line perpendicular to one outer side, and the other outer side through which the straight line passes is opposite to the outer side. When the plate is paved, the adjacent outer side surfaces (corresponding to the opposite outer side surfaces on the same plate) of the adjacent plates are mutually butted, and the vertical protrusions on the corresponding outer side surfaces are inserted into the corresponding vertical grooves, so that the corresponding connecting parts are positioned.

Preferably, the cross sections of the vertical protrusions and the vertical grooves are curved surfaces, for example, the cross sections are approximately semicircular, so that collision and damage during carrying and storage are reduced or avoided.

Preferably, a vertical overflow pipe is arranged, the vertical overflow pipe penetrates through the planting soil layer and the sand layer, the upper end opening of the vertical overflow pipe is positioned above the covering layer or the covering layer, and the lower end opening of the vertical overflow pipe is positioned above the water collecting space, so that when the surface water level is higher than the upper end opening of the vertical overflow pipe, water can directly flow into the water collecting space along the overflow pipe, the speed of the water entering the water collecting space is increased, and the water cannot be discharged to the outside to cause water waste like the existing horizontal overflow pipe. In addition, the vertical overflow pipe also plays a role of a vent pipe under normal conditions, so that the upper air area of the water collecting space is communicated with the external atmosphere through the overflow pipe, the oxygen content in the air of the water collecting space is maintained, the aerobic ecology is kept, and excessive anaerobic biochemical reaction and peculiar smell generation in the water collecting space are avoided.

The upper end opening of overflow pipe can wrap up there is filtering material to realize the filtration of certain degree, avoid too much or great granule to get into the space that catchments.

The preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present invention can be combined arbitrarily to form a plurality of different technical solutions, except for the specific description and the further limitation that one preferred or optional technical means is another technical means.

Claims (1)

1. A rainwater garden suitable for being used as an afforestation water source is characterized by comprising a planting soil layer, a sand layer and a permeable plate layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, wherein a vertical overflow pipe is arranged, a reservoir is also arranged, the permeable plate layer is mainly formed by laying permeable plates, a stand column is supported below the permeable plates, a bottom foundation is arranged below the stand column, a space between the permeable plates and the bottom foundation is a water collecting space, the vertical overflow pipe penetrates through the planting soil layer and the sand layer, the upper end opening of the vertical overflow pipe is positioned above a covering layer or the covering layer, the lower end opening of the vertical overflow pipe is positioned in the water collecting space, a water collecting space submersible pump is arranged in the water collecting space, or a water collecting space suction pump is arranged outside the water collecting space, an inlet pipeline of the water collecting space suction pump extends to a water storage area of the water collecting space, and an output pipeline of the water collecting space submersible pump or the water collecting space suction pump is connected, be equipped with vertical baffling board between the import side region of cistern and the main water storage region, the top of vertical baffling board extends to the top of the pool or is higher than the control water level height of cistern at least, leaves the interval between the bottom of the pool of lower extreme and cistern, the import of cistern is located the upper portion of its import side, the bottom of the pool of cistern is the toper, the cistern is equipped with the play water pump that is used for outside water delivery and is used for taking out the mortar pump of bottom of the pool silt, the access connection of play water pump the clear water region of cistern main water storage region, the access connection of mortar pump the toper region of cistern bottom, the basic adoption of bottom tamp original position plain soil, lay or build the stereoplasm basis on the plain soil of tamping, form the stereoplasm basis that permeates water.

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