EP1022753B1 - Dispositif de contact pour interupteur limiteur de courant - Google Patents

Dispositif de contact pour interupteur limiteur de courant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1022753B1
EP1022753B1 EP19980811252 EP98811252A EP1022753B1 EP 1022753 B1 EP1022753 B1 EP 1022753B1 EP 19980811252 EP19980811252 EP 19980811252 EP 98811252 A EP98811252 A EP 98811252A EP 1022753 B1 EP1022753 B1 EP 1022753B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
current
annular space
contact arrangement
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19980811252
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1022753A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Prof.Dr. Fröhlich
Walter Holaus
Michael Steurer
Jörg Peter
Kurt Dr. Kaltenegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Priority to DE59811065T priority Critical patent/DE59811065D1/de
Priority to EP19980811252 priority patent/EP1022753B1/fr
Priority to CNB991262336A priority patent/CN1179382C/zh
Priority to JP11359432A priority patent/JP2000188042A/ja
Publication of EP1022753A1 publication Critical patent/EP1022753A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1022753B1 publication Critical patent/EP1022753B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
    • H01H1/365—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion
    • H01H2003/225—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion with coil contact, i.e. the movable contact itself forms a secondary coil in which the repulsing current is induced by an operating current in a stationary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a contact arrangement for a nominal current carrying switching point of a current limiting high or Medium voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • high powers and thus high rated currents are used in electrical Energy technology today almost without exception purely mechanical contact systems for construction of switches because it achieves the lowest nominal current losses can be.
  • the typical idle times time from switching command to Contact separation or power interruption
  • today's circuit breakers are in Time range of a few 10 ms. Such idle times do not allow these switches to be used for the construction of current-limiting switching systems.
  • Semiconductor switch like e.g. GTO's (Gate Turn-Off Thyristors) have three orders of magnitude smaller Own times, but inadmissibly high losses in nominal operation. Through the Combination of a very fast mechanical switch with High-performance semiconductors, a hybrid switching system is created, which current-limiting switching is suitable.
  • the invention relates to a prior art of contact arrangements as described in EP 0 275 857 A1.
  • the known contact arrangement is Part of a current-limiting device that is preferably used in traction technology Switch and serves to carry nominal currents during the operation of the Switch.
  • Parallel to the contact arrangement is an auxiliary circuit with switching thyristors and Diodes as well as with a charging capacitor and with a coil.
  • the switching thyristors are switched on and the charging capacitor is then discharged via the coil.
  • the magnetic field of the Discharge current from the coil induces in one with a bridge contact the contact arrangement connected disc flowing in opposite directions Short-circuit current.
  • the electrodynamic forces generated here push the Disc and thus also the bridge contact from the coil and thus cause very quick opening of the contact arrangement.
  • the one when opening the contact assembly short-circuit current commutating in the auxiliary circuit is achieved by reloading the Charging capacitor interrupted.
  • the object of the invention is as set out in the claims to create a contact arrangement of the type mentioned, which enables a particularly safe operation of the current-limiting switch.
  • the contact arrangement according to the invention is constructed axially symmetrically. Unwanted leakage inductances are largely avoided and it is so an extremely rapid commutation of short-circuit currents into one Parallel current path containing semiconductor switch reached. At the same time it becomes Formation of the forces of an electrodynamic contact drive necessary Induction current generated in the moving bridge contact piece carrying the nominal current, whereby an otherwise usually provided disc-shaped part for guidance of the induction current and thus additional mass to be accelerated can be. This will help you achieve a specific one Opening speed of the contact arrangement necessary drive energy minimized.
  • opening there are also two contact gaps, each of one of two partial arcs connected in series are bridged. Through this Series connection of partial arcs increases that at the contact arrangement falling arc voltage, which makes the short-circuit current particularly fast and can be effectively commutated into the parallel current path.
  • the circuit shown in Fig. 1 is a single-phase basic circuit of a test device emulating a medium-voltage network with a current-limiting switch S.
  • the test device contains a generator G, which simulates a mains voltage u N of typically a few 10 kV, for example 20 kV, which via the current-limiting switch feed simulated by an ohmic resistor R L and an inductance L L.
  • a short-circuit detection unit KSE arranged between generator G and switch S and acting on switch S has a measuring and evaluation part for the very rapid detection of short-circuit currents i N.
  • the short-circuit currents are typically around 10 kA, for example 20 kA.
  • the switch S In the current path from the generator to the load, the switch S has an arc-proof rated current-carrying switching point S 1 which opens within 100 to 500 ⁇ s, for example 250 ⁇ s, and an isolating switch S s connected in series with it.
  • the commutation path K 1 contains an electrically controllable switching device T and, in series with the switching device T, a rapidly opening disconnection switch S T (opening time typically a few 100 ⁇ s) with contacts that can be mechanically separated from one another.
  • the switching device T is advantageously a semiconductor switch T 1 which can be switched off, for example a thyristor, such as in particular a GTO.
  • the switching device T can also contain a plurality of semiconductor switches connected in parallel instead of one semiconductor switch T 1 for the purpose of high current carrying capacity.
  • the switching device has one or more further semiconductor switches T 2 , which are connected antiparallel to the one or more further semiconductor switches T 1 .
  • the commutation path K 2 is connected in parallel to the switching point S 1 and the commutation path K 1 and has a current limiter R B and a switching device T P connected in series with the current limiter.
  • the current limiter R B responds to a commutation current with a delay and is advantageously designed as a PTC resistor.
  • the switching device T P contains at least one, but advantageously at least two, semiconductor switches connected antiparallel to one another, which need not necessarily be designed to be disconnectable, but which can delete an alternating current carried by them in the zero current crossing, such as, in particular, thyristors or triacs. By arranging further such semiconductor switches in series, the dielectric strength of the switching device Tp can be increased.
  • the detection unit KSE triggers a switch-off process at the current-limiting switch S within approximately 100 ⁇ s.
  • the switching devices T and T p located in the two commutation paths K 1 and K 2 are immediately made conductive.
  • the nominal current contact arrangement S 1 is opened. Due to two arcs formed in this way and connected in series, the still increasing short-circuit current commutates into the commutation path K 1 within approximately 250 microseconds. This remains conductive until a dielectric strength is reached above the nominal current contact arrangement S 1 , which is somewhat greater than that of T.
  • the short-circuit current to be switched off then commutates into the commutation path K 2 .
  • the current limiter R B limits with a delay of a few 100 ⁇ s. This time delay is sufficient to open the nominal current contact arrangement S 1 and the isolating contact arrangement S T practically without power. After opening the isolating contact arrangement S T , virtually all of the voltage U S present at the switch S drops across this isolating contact arrangement in the commutation path K 1 . Since the current limiter R B responds with a delay, the limitation of the short-circuit current now flowing in the commutation path K 2 only begins after the opening of S 1 and S T.
  • the limited short-circuit current can be switched off in the following current zero crossing, for example after 5 to 6 ms, by the switching device T P with a very low overvoltage. Then a galvanic isolating path is created by opening the isolating switch S S.
  • the contact arrangement is axially symmetrical and has two fixed contact pieces and a movable bridge contact piece.
  • the two fixed contact pieces are designed as coaxially arranged cylinders 1, 2 and delimit an annular space 3.
  • the bridge contact piece is designed as a contact ring 4 made of an electrically highly conductive material, such as preferably aluminum or an aluminum-based alloy, and is in the switched-on state at free ends of the Cylinder 1, 2 guided into the annular space 3. It then short-circuits the two cylinders 1, 2 acting as fixed contact pieces.
  • a cylindrical coil 5 is arranged coaxially, which forms an electrodynamic drive with the contact ring 4.
  • the coil 5 is fixed in the annular space 3 with the aid of a mechanically and dielectrically high-quality insulating material and has two connections, one of which is connected directly to one connection of a capacitor 6 and the other via a switching thyristor 7 to the other connection of the capacitor 6.
  • a free-wheeling diode 8 is connected in parallel with the series connection of capacitor 6 and switching thyristor 7 and thus also with the two connections of coil 5.
  • the cylinder 1 has axially guided, finger-shaped contact elements 10, which are bent outwards at their free ends facing away from the coil 5 to form a conical widening of the annular space 3.
  • the cylinder 2 has axially guided, finger-shaped contact elements 20. These contact elements are bent inward at their free ends facing away from the coil 5 to form a conical widening of the annular space 3.
  • contact surfaces made of erosion-resistant material are formed in the annular space 3 and, in the switched-on state shown in FIG. 2, interact with contact surfaces of the contact ring 4 which are also made of erosion-resistant material.
  • the short-circuit current i N led to the switching point S 1 then flows from the contact elements 10 via the contact ring 4 in the radial direction to the contact elements 20.
  • the contact ring 4 therefore acts as a movable bridge contact.
  • the detection unit KSE which triggers the switch-off process when the short-circuit current occurs at the current-limiting switch S causes the switching thyristor 7 to be switched on.
  • the capacitor 6 is now discharged via the coil 5.
  • the magnetic field of the coil current i P induces in the contact ring 4 a secondary current i S which is phase-shifted by approximately 180 °.
  • a Lorentz force F which is proportional to the two currents and acts axially upward, acts on the contact ring, which overcomes the adhesive forces between the contact surfaces of the contact elements 10, 20 and the contact ring 4 and at the same time applies the required acceleration of the contact ring 4.
  • the contact ring 4 combines the function of the bridge contact and the secondary coil of the electrodynamic drive, the mass to be accelerated is extremely low and is typically 0.05 kg in the case of the aforementioned performance data of the switch S. Even with a small-sized capacitor 6, a sufficiently high dielectric strength can be achieved in less than 1 ms after the switch-off command has been issued by the detection unit via the annular space 3 which represents the open switching path of switching point S 1 (switch-off position according to FIG. 3).

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Dispositif de contact pour un poste de coupure (S1) de courant nominal d'un interrupteur de haute ou moyenne tension (S) limiteur de courant, dans lequel un chemin de courant (K1) avec un interrupteur à semi-conducteur (T) est monté en parallèle par rapport au poste de coupure de courant nominal (S1), contenant une pièce mobile de contact en pont, deux pièces de contact fixes mises en court-circuit dans la position enclenchée du dispositif de contact et un dispositif d'entraínement appliquant une force électrodynamique à la pièce mobile de contact en pont et présentant une bobine (5), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de contact présente la symétrie axiale et comprend comme pièces de contact fixes deux cylindres (1, 2) introduits coaxialement l'un dans l'autre en formant un espace annulaire (3) et comme pièce de contact en pont une bague de contact (4) guidée dans l'espace annulaire (3) sur les extrémités libres des cylindres (1, 2) dans la position enclenchée.
  2. Dispositif de contact selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bobine (5) est disposée dans une partie de l'espace annulaire (3), qui se raccorde à une partie de l'espace annulaire (3) qui contient la bague de contact (4).
  3. Dispositif de contact selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les cylindres (1, 2) présentent chaque fois des éléments de contact (10, 20) en forme de doigts, guidés axialement, avec des surfaces de contact délimitant l'espace annulaire (3).
  4. Dispositif de contact selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de contact (10, 20) sont recourbés à leurs extrémités ouvertes avec formation d'un élargissement en forme de cône de l'espace annulaire (3).
EP19980811252 1998-12-21 1998-12-21 Dispositif de contact pour interupteur limiteur de courant Expired - Lifetime EP1022753B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59811065T DE59811065D1 (de) 1998-12-21 1998-12-21 Kontaktanordnung für einen strombegrenzenden Schalter
EP19980811252 EP1022753B1 (fr) 1998-12-21 1998-12-21 Dispositif de contact pour interupteur limiteur de courant
CNB991262336A CN1179382C (zh) 1998-12-21 1999-12-16 限流开关的接触装置
JP11359432A JP2000188042A (ja) 1998-12-21 1999-12-17 電流を制限する開閉器に対する接触子配置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19980811252 EP1022753B1 (fr) 1998-12-21 1998-12-21 Dispositif de contact pour interupteur limiteur de courant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1022753A1 EP1022753A1 (fr) 2000-07-26
EP1022753B1 true EP1022753B1 (fr) 2004-03-24

Family

ID=8236496

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19980811252 Expired - Lifetime EP1022753B1 (fr) 1998-12-21 1998-12-21 Dispositif de contact pour interupteur limiteur de courant

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1022753B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2000188042A (fr)
CN (1) CN1179382C (fr)
DE (1) DE59811065D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016007195U1 (de) 2016-11-16 2017-11-17 Bernhard Kohler Strombegrenzende Schalteinrichtung

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009007969A1 (de) 2009-02-06 2010-08-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kurzschluss-Schutzvorrichtung und Schaltanlage mit derartigen Schutzvorrichtungen

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2951188A (en) * 1956-01-10 1960-08-30 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd High speed contacting device
DE3583731D1 (de) * 1984-10-12 1991-09-12 Acec Von halbleitern unterstuetzter hyperschneller schalter.
ATE89685T1 (de) * 1986-12-22 1993-06-15 Acec Transport Sa Durch halbleiter unterstuetzter ultra-schneller schalter.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016007195U1 (de) 2016-11-16 2017-11-17 Bernhard Kohler Strombegrenzende Schalteinrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1022753A1 (fr) 2000-07-26
CN1179382C (zh) 2004-12-08
JP2000188042A (ja) 2000-07-04
CN1258083A (zh) 2000-06-28
DE59811065D1 (de) 2004-04-29

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