EP1098332B1 - Interrupteur rapide limiteur de courant - Google Patents

Interrupteur rapide limiteur de courant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1098332B1
EP1098332B1 EP00810942A EP00810942A EP1098332B1 EP 1098332 B1 EP1098332 B1 EP 1098332B1 EP 00810942 A EP00810942 A EP 00810942A EP 00810942 A EP00810942 A EP 00810942A EP 1098332 B1 EP1098332 B1 EP 1098332B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch according
switching point
housing
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00810942A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1098332A3 (fr
EP1098332A2 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Prof. Dr. Fröhlich
Walter Holaus
Kurt Dr. Kaltenegger
Michael Steurer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Schweiz AG filed Critical ABB Schweiz AG
Publication of EP1098332A2 publication Critical patent/EP1098332A2/fr
Publication of EP1098332A3 publication Critical patent/EP1098332A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1098332B1 publication Critical patent/EP1098332B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/222—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion
    • H01H2003/225—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electrodynamic repulsion with coil contact, i.e. the movable contact itself forms a secondary coil in which the repulsing current is induced by an operating current in a stationary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H01H2009/543—Contacts shunted by static switch means third parallel branch comprising an energy absorber, e.g. MOV, PTC, Zener
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H01H33/161—Variable impedances
    • H01H2033/163—Variable impedances using PTC elements

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a current-limiting switch according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such current-limiting switches can be used in the high or medium voltage range as a generator switch, as a tie switch between busbar sections in switchgear, as a DC switch or in meshed networks to reduce operating losses.
  • the invention relates to a prior art of current-limiting switches reference, such as in the not yet published European application EP application no. 98811251.2 is described.
  • This switch has a fast mechanical switching point with galvanic contacts and two commutation paths connected in parallel.
  • a first switching device and a disconnecting switching point are arranged in series
  • a current limiter and a second switching device are connected in series.
  • the current limiter is designed in such a way that current conducted by it, which is commutated from the first to the second commutation path when the first switching device is opened, is delimited with a time delay.
  • this time delay can be on the two Kommut réellespfaden no Build over voltage and can be formed at the same time in the first Kommut réellespfad a surge proof separation path.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a current-limiting switch of the type mentioned, which thanks to its special, space-saving design and low moving mass due to a quick on and off in high and medium voltage range allows.
  • the current-limiting switch according to the invention has three paths arranged parallel to one another, two of which contain a mechanical switching point.
  • One of these mechanical switching points is designed for guiding and switching of rated current, while the other is traversed by a commutated current briefly and impulsively only in case of switching.
  • the contact arrangements of the mechanical switching points are axially symmetrical and arranged coaxially. Thanks to short, coaxial copper connections, very small leakage inductances result, which enables a very rapid commutation of the currents.
  • the third path of the switch according to the invention also contains a mechanical switching point with a coaxially arranged contact arrangement, a series separator connected in series with conventional current-limiting switches is unnecessary.
  • the contact arrangements have different diameters and if they are arranged one inside the other, the extent of the switch in the axial direction is reduced. As a result, the dimensions of a housing can be reduced, in which the contact arrangements are arranged to be protected, for example against dust or other disturbing influences.
  • Particularly advantageous is the arrangement of the contact arrangements in a pressure-resistant housing, which is filled for example with an insulating gas at atmospheric or higher pressure, which has a favorable effect on the dielectric property of the contact arrangement.
  • the housing contains two electrically conductive, mutually insulated parts, the rated current can be fed directly via these housing parts to the connections of the rated current switching point. Expensive nominal current feedthroughs through the housing are thus eliminated. If the switching points contain a fast drive for opening and closing the contact arrangement, different algorithms for opening and / or closing the switch, which correspond to operational requirements, can be implemented.
  • the circuit shown in Fig. 1 is a single-phase basic circuit of a medium-voltage network simulating test apparatus with a first Embodiment of a current-limiting switch S according to the invention.
  • the test apparatus comprises a generator Q which simulates a mains voltage U N of a few 10 kV, the switch S and a load L simulated by an ohmic resistor R L and an inductance L L.
  • a short-circuit current detection unit E is connected between the generator Q and the switch S, which contains a measuring and evaluation section for the very rapid detection of short-circuit currents of up to several 10 kA.
  • the switch S has a rated current switching point S 1 lying in the current path from the generator Q to the load L. Parallel to the rated current switching point S 1 , two commutation paths P 1 and P 2 are connected.
  • the first commutation path P 1 contains a disconnection switching point S T and a power electronic switching device T with a diode bridge D 1 , D 2 , turn-off power semiconductors H, for example GTO, and a surge arrester M.
  • the diode bridge allows switching of alternating currents both positive and negative Polarity without antiparallel switched power semiconductors.
  • the second commutation path P 2 contains, connected in series, a disconnection switching point S A and a current limiter R B , which is delayed in response to a current and, for example, designed as a PTC resistor.
  • the switch-off switching point can be formed as semiconductor switch H A with antiparallel-connected, turn-off power semiconductors, for example GTOs, or a galvanically isolating, mechanical contact arrangement K A , preferably a vacuum switch.
  • the switching points S 1 and S T of the switch according to FIG. 1 each have a contact arrangement K 1 and K T which opens very rapidly, within less than 100 ⁇ s.
  • the contact arrangement K 1 of the rated current switching point S 1 is formed arc-resistant.
  • the two contact arrangements K 1 and K T of the switching points S 1 and S T are arranged in a housing G.
  • the two contact arrangements K 1 and K T of the switching points S 1 and S T via a terminal 1, a first housing part 10 and Primary leads 11 and 12 connected.
  • the nominal current switching point S 1 is connected to the terminal 2 via a secondary supply line 21 and a second housing part 20.
  • the isolating switching point S T of the first commutation path P 1 is connected via a secondary supply lines 31, which is guided with a passage 5 through the housing G, and via a terminal 3 with the power electronic switching device T.
  • the contact arrangements K 1 and K T of the two switching points S 1 and S T and the switch-off switching point S A are closed or conductive.
  • the detection unit E triggers a switch-off process on the current-limiting switch S within approximately 100 ⁇ s.
  • the semiconductor elements H located in the first commutation path P 1 are made conductive immediately.
  • the Kontakanowski needle K 1 of the rated current switching point S 1 is opened. Due to two arcs formed in series, the still increasing short-circuit current commutes within approximately 150 ⁇ s into the first commutation path P 1 .
  • the semiconductor elements H remain conductive until the contact arrangement K 1 of the nominal current switching point S 1 reaches a dielectric strength which is greater than the dielectric strength across the semiconductor elements H. Then the short-circuit current in the first commutation path P 1 is switched off by the semiconductor elements H and commutated the second commutation path P 2 . At the same time, the contact arrangement K T of the disconnecting switching point S T is opened. During the second commutation, both a transient overvoltage due to stray inductances and an ohmic voltage drop occur at the current limiter R B.
  • the current limiter R B limits with a delay of a few 100 ⁇ s. This time delay is sufficient to complete the opening operation on the contact arrangement K 1 of the rated current switching point S 1 and the contact arrangement K T of the disconnecting switching point S T. After opening the contact arrangement K T of the separation switching point S T falls in the first Kommut réellespfad P1 practically all of the voltage applied to the switch S on the separation switch point S T from. Since the current limiter R B responds delayed, the increase of the voltage across the switch S and thus on the rated current switching point S 1 and the disconnecting point S T begins only after the contact arrangement K 1 of the rated current switching point S 1 and the contact arrangement K T of the disconnecting switching point S T are open.
  • the limited short-circuit current can be switched off during the following Stromnuildruchgang, for example, after 5 to 6 ms, by the Abschaltschaltstelle S A with very low transient recovery voltage (Transient Recovery Voltage).
  • Fig. 2 shows a possible arrangement of the first embodiment of the inventive switch.
  • the two switching points S 1 and S T are majority coaxially symmetrical arranged in a cylindrical housing G.
  • the housing G is composed of two plate-shaped, electrically conductive housing parts 10 and 20, a tubular, electrically insulating housing part 7 and two electrically insulating, gas-tight bushings 5 and 6 together.
  • the housing G is pressure-resistant and filled with a gaseous medium, for example air or SF 6 under atmospheric or higher pressure.
  • the two switching points S 1 and S T are each composed of a contact arrangement K 1 and K T with two fixed contact pieces and one movable bridge contact piece and one each independently triggerable drive for opening and / or closing the contact arrangement together.
  • the two contact arrangements K 1 and K T are arranged one inside the other, wherein the contact arrangement K 1 of the nominal current switching point S 1 , since it has a corresponding cross-section for carrying rated current, has the largest diameter and is arranged outboard.
  • the contact arrangement K T of the separation switching point S T which is briefly traversed by a commutating current only in the case of switching momentary and impulsive, has a correspondingly smaller diameter and is arranged coaxially within the contact arrangement K 1 of the rated current switching point S 1 .
  • the leads to the contact points are shown in FIG. 2 as short as possible and axially symmetrical.
  • the rated current terminals 1 and 2 are connected to the cylindrical housing G at the outer edge of the plate-shaped, electrically conductive housing parts 1 and 2 and may for example be tubular.
  • the remaining supply lines to the contact arrangements, as well as any lines for the Controls of the switching points, are advantageously performed by the center of the plate-shaped housing parts 1 and 2 out of the housing. Further feedthroughs, in particular high current and high voltage feedthroughs for the nominal current, are eliminated thanks to the integration of housing parts 1 and 2 in the nominal current path.
  • FIG. 3 shows the circuit shown in FIG. 1, with an advantageous, second embodiment of the switch S according to the invention.
  • the switch-off switching point S A comprises a likewise very rapidly opening mechanical contact arrangement K A. Together with the two contact arrangements K 1 and K T of the switching points S 1 and S T , the contact arrangement K A of the Abschaltschaltstelle S A is arranged in the housing G.
  • the switch-off switching point S A is likewise connected via the connection 1 and the first housing part 10 as well as a primary supply line 13.
  • the switch-off switching point S A is connected to the current limiter R B via a secondary supply line 41, which is routed through the housing G with a passage 6, and via a connection 4.
  • Fig. 4 of the second embodiment of the inventive switch largely corresponds to the arrangement of FIG. 2.
  • the two switching points S 1 and S T Abschaltschaltstelle S A is arranged koaxialsymmetrisch in the housing G.
  • the contact arrangement and the coils are axially symmetrical and arranged coaxially with each other.
  • the exact structure of the three switching points will be explained in more detail with reference to a section of the arrangement of FIG. 2 shown in FIG. 5.
  • the two coils 81 and 82 which belong to the drive of a switching point, in each case arranged offset on both sides of the associated, formed as a contact ring 85 bridge switching element in the axial direction.
  • the Contact ring is subjected to electrodynamic force by energy is fed from the power electronic control unit in the corresponding coil.
  • the contact ring can be moved in the axial direction between the two coils 81 and 82 back and forth and thereby open the contact assembly and close again.
  • In the closed state of the contact arrangement of the contact ring 85 is fitted between the two fixed contact pieces 84 and closes this short.
  • In the open position of the contact arrangement of the contact ring 85 is held by a holding part 83.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Control Of Stepping Motors (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Interrupteur limiteur de courant (S) comprenant un point de commutation à courant nominal (S1) contenant un arrangement de contact résistant aux arcs (K1) et comprenant deux branches de commutation (P1, P2) branchées en parallèle avec le point de commutation à courant nominal (S1) dont une première (P1) contient un arrangement de contact (KT), un point de sectionnement (ST) et un dispositif de commutation (T) électronique de puissance branchés en série et une deuxième contient un point de déconnexion (SA) et un élément limiteur de courant (RB) branchés en série, caractérisé en ce que l'arrangement de contact (K1) du point de commutation à courant nominal (S1) est configuré de manière symétrique par rapport à un axe (A) et l'arrangement de contact (KT) du point de sectionnement (ST) est disposé de manière symétrique par rapport au même axe (A).
  2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le point de déconnexion (SA) présente un arrangement -de contact (KA) d'isolation galvanique et que cet arrangement de contact (KA) est configuré et disposé de manière symétrique par rapport à l'axe commun (A).
  3. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les arrangements de contact (K1, KT, KA) des points de commutation (S1, ST, SA) possèdent des diamètres différents et sont disposés les uns dans les autres.
  4. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les arrangements de contact (K1, KT, KA) des points de commutation (S1, ST, SA) sont disposés dans un boîtier (G).
  5. Interrupteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier est réalisé avec une forme cylindrique et que les arrangements de contact (K1, KT, KA) des points de commutation (S1, ST, SA) ainsi que le boîtier (G) sont disposés de manière coaxiale par rapport à un axe commun (A).
  6. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (G) est résistant à la pression.
  7. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier présente au moins deux parties de boîtier (10, 20) électriquement conductrices qui sont reliées entre elles par le biais d'au moins une troisième partie de boîtier (7) électriquement isolante.
  8. Interrupteur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les deux parties de boîtier (10, 20) électriquement conductrices sont réalisées en forme de plaques et que la partie de boîtier (7) électriquement isolante est réalisée en forme de tube et disposée entre les parties de boîtier (10, 20) en forme de plaque de telle sorte que les deux parties de boîtier (10, 20) en forme de plaque délimitent la partie de boîtier (7) en forme de tube du côté frontal.
  9. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce qu'un câble d'arrivée primaire commun (1, 11, 12, 13) est acheminé vers les arrangements de contact (K1, KT, KA) des points de commutation (S1, ST, SA) par le biais d'une première des deux parties de boîtier (10) électriquement conductrices, qu'un câble d'arrivée secondaire (2, 21) est acheminé vers l'arrangement de contact (K1) du point de commutation à courant nominal (S1) par le biais de la deuxième des deux parties de boîtier (20) électriquement conductrices et que les câbles secondaires (3, 31, 4, 41) sont acheminés aux arrangements de contact (KT, KA) des autres points de commutation (ST, SA) à travers le boîtier.
  10. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que chacun des points, de commutation (S1, ST et SA) contient un mécanisme d'entraînement pour ouvrir et/ou fermer les arrangements de contact (K1, KT, KA) .
  11. Interrupteur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'entraînement génère une force électrodynamique.
  12. Interrupteur selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme d'entraînement comprend deux bobines (81, 82) décalées de manière coaxiale, une bague de contact (85) mobile dans le sens axial et disposée de manière coaxiale entre les bobines ainsi qu'une unité de commande électronique de puissance, la bague de contact (85), lorsque le point de commutation est fermé, court-circuitant deux éléments de contact (84) fixes disposés de manière coaxiale.
EP00810942A 1999-11-08 2000-10-12 Interrupteur rapide limiteur de courant Expired - Lifetime EP1098332B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19953551 1999-11-08
DE19953551A DE19953551C1 (de) 1999-11-08 1999-11-08 Schneller strombegrenzender Schalter

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1098332A2 EP1098332A2 (fr) 2001-05-09
EP1098332A3 EP1098332A3 (fr) 2003-01-02
EP1098332B1 true EP1098332B1 (fr) 2006-03-22

Family

ID=7928211

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00810942A Expired - Lifetime EP1098332B1 (fr) 1999-11-08 2000-10-12 Interrupteur rapide limiteur de courant

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6535366B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1098332B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2001185007A (fr)
CN (1) CN1167093C (fr)
AT (1) ATE321350T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU767295B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2325008A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ299827B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE19953551C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2261174T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005040432A1 (de) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-01 Rwth Aachen Strombegrenzender Schalter
US10910816B2 (en) 2007-06-20 2021-02-02 S&C Electric Company Fault protection device with group trip delay and method
EP2189998A1 (fr) 2008-11-24 2010-05-26 ABB Technology AG Agencement de commutation de générateur
EP2339599A1 (fr) 2009-12-22 2011-06-29 ABB Research Ltd. Commutateur et utilisation associée
CN104620345B (zh) 2012-08-27 2016-10-26 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 布置用于断开电流的装置
EP2904626B1 (fr) 2012-10-05 2016-09-21 ABB Schweiz AG Disjoncteur avec modules de disjoncteurs empilés
CN103280763B (zh) * 2013-02-27 2016-12-28 国网智能电网研究院 一种直流断路器及其实现方法
EP2790285B1 (fr) * 2013-04-12 2020-07-08 General Electric Technology GmbH Limiteur de courant
CN103646805B (zh) * 2013-12-04 2016-03-02 中国科学院电工研究所 一种直流断路器拓扑
WO2016081535A1 (fr) 2014-11-18 2016-05-26 General Electric Company Barre omnibus et dispositif électronique de puissance à connecteur de borne à mise en forme de courant, et procédé de fabrication d'un connecteur de borne
US11646575B2 (en) 2018-10-24 2023-05-09 The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. Direct current hybrid circuit breaker with reverse biased voltage source
US11424093B2 (en) 2018-10-24 2022-08-23 The Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. Direct current hybrid circuit breaker with reverse biased voltage source
DE102020110935B3 (de) 2020-04-22 2021-07-01 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Vorrichtung und verfahren zur begrenzung eines kurzschlussstromes in einem laststufenschalter sowie laststufenschalter mit dieser vorrichtung
CN116388132B (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-08-08 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 直流限流器、直流断路器、直流故障限流方法及相关设备

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT374618B (de) * 1981-11-03 1984-05-10 Naimer H L Schalteinrichtung
JPH08315666A (ja) * 1995-05-12 1996-11-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 遮断器および遮断装置
US5867356A (en) * 1997-11-05 1999-02-02 General Electric Company Current limiting system and method
US6051893A (en) * 1998-10-29 2000-04-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Electric power supply system for load
EP1022755B1 (fr) 1998-12-21 2007-01-24 ABB Schweiz AG Interrupteur limiteur de courant
EP1014403A1 (fr) * 1998-12-21 2000-06-28 Asea Brown Boveri AG Interrupteur limiteur de courant
JP3676638B2 (ja) * 2000-01-07 2005-07-27 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 電源系統切り替え装置および切り替え方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1098332A3 (fr) 2003-01-02
CA2325008A1 (fr) 2001-05-08
CZ20004059A3 (cs) 2001-10-17
ATE321350T1 (de) 2006-04-15
AU767295B2 (en) 2003-11-06
EP1098332A2 (fr) 2001-05-09
CN1167093C (zh) 2004-09-15
US6535366B1 (en) 2003-03-18
DE19953551C1 (de) 2001-08-16
CN1300091A (zh) 2001-06-20
DE50012441D1 (de) 2006-05-11
CZ299827B6 (cs) 2008-12-10
JP2001185007A (ja) 2001-07-06
ES2261174T3 (es) 2006-11-16
AU6965900A (en) 2001-06-07

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