EP1022700B1 - Streulichtbrandmelder - Google Patents

Streulichtbrandmelder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1022700B1
EP1022700B1 EP00100651A EP00100651A EP1022700B1 EP 1022700 B1 EP1022700 B1 EP 1022700B1 EP 00100651 A EP00100651 A EP 00100651A EP 00100651 A EP00100651 A EP 00100651A EP 1022700 B1 EP1022700 B1 EP 1022700B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
scatter
signals
fire detector
value
angle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00100651A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1022700A3 (de
EP1022700A2 (de
Inventor
Heiner Politze
Martin Bemba
Tido Krippendorf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Novar GmbH
Original Assignee
Novar GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novar GmbH filed Critical Novar GmbH
Priority to SI200030392T priority Critical patent/SI1022700T1/xx
Publication of EP1022700A2 publication Critical patent/EP1022700A2/de
Publication of EP1022700A3 publication Critical patent/EP1022700A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1022700B1 publication Critical patent/EP1022700B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the evaluation of in a scattered light system of a fire detector measured scattered light signals and one for carrying out this method suitable stray light fire detector.
  • Stray light fire detectors usually work with from one Transmitting diode emitted infrared light, which is a wavelength between 800 nm and 1 ⁇ m.
  • the one in the measuring volume the detector possibly existing fire aerosol scattered Light is transmitted at a backward spread angle, i. at an angle between 0 ° and 90 °, and / or a Forward scatter angle, i. at a spread between 90 ° and 180 °, measured.
  • a backward spread angle i. at an angle between 0 ° and 90 °
  • a Forward scatter angle i. at a spread between 90 ° and 180 °
  • the measurement of light aerosols at a forward scatter angle provides a relatively large measurement signal.
  • the measurement darker Aerosols in the forward scatter area delivers about one Factor 10 smaller measuring signal.
  • the measured signals grow in terms of amount with increasing forward scatter angle.
  • In the backward scattering area is the delivered signal independent of Smoke type lower than in the forward spreading area.
  • the difference between the scattering signals of light and dark aerosols is significantly lower in the backscatter area than in the Forward scattering area.
  • a method of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 42 31 088 A1.
  • This procedure are under at least two scattering angles scattering signals of a possibly in Measuring volume of a scattered light fire detector existing aerosols measured and with for different types of smoking in one Memory stored reference data compared to the in Measuring volume existing smoke type to be determined and depending to set the alarm value from this.
  • the procedure has the disadvantage that it is only for the analysis of known Types of smoke with reference data stored in memory, but not for the satisfactory evaluation of in the Practice mostly occurring mixed fires is suitable since these can not be sufficiently classified.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method of to provide before said genus, that for detection the most common types of smoking and especially for evaluation mixed fires is suitable without a high There is a false alarm risk.
  • the backward spread angle is about 70 ° (claim 2). About this Have scattering angle by scattering of IR radiation at one Aerosol signals obtained a minimum. This is a standardization the measured values possible and therefore a reliable Determination of the light-dark quotient guaranteed.
  • the forward scatter angle can be twice the backward spread angle correspond (claim 3).
  • a stray light fire alarm is the method uses according to the invention, can also be used in environments in conventional detectors due to their high sensitivity to false alarms can not be used. The resulting false alarm sensitivity the detector can be so the actual Be adapted to requirements.
  • the alarm value is a weighted sum of the Scattering signals corresponding values (claim 6).
  • this Sum are those determined under the two scattering angles Measured values corresponding to their respective meaning. It is also conceivable that instead of the sum only the weighted Forward or only weighted backscatter signal taken into account when determining the alarm value becomes.
  • the leakage signals can have at least one value, that of another input, e.g. the ambient temperature, corresponds to be multiplied (claims 7, 8).
  • the Temperature can also be independent of the determined Scattering signals are taken into account. Then it is one too nearly aerosol-free fire, such as an alcohol brandy, ensures an alarm triggering.
  • each scattering angle determines a resting value and the respective resting value of subtracts the associated leakage signal (claim 9).
  • the Scattering signals at the same time (claim 10) or alternately (Claim 11) are determined.
  • a particular for carrying out the method according to Invention suitable scattered light fire detectors comprises in the Claim 13 specified characteristics.
  • the scattered light fire detector can either a transmitting diode and two receiver diodes (claim 14) or two transmitting diodes and a receiver diode (claim 15).
  • the stray light fire alarm can EEPROM have (claim 16).
  • the scattered light fire detector with an interface equipped to connect a computer (claim 17), so that the parameters by means of a suitable software can be adapted to the particular conditions of use.
  • thermocouple (claim 18).
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a measuring chamber 24 of a scattered light fire detector.
  • a transmitter 20 for IR radiation and two receivers 21, 22.
  • the receivers 21, 22 have lenses made of daylight absorbing and infrared permeable Material exist.
  • the transmitter 20 and the Receivers 21, 22 have optical axes that angle smaller than 90 ° or larger than 90 °.
  • the measurement setup So includes a backward spread and a forward scatter distance. Blinds 23 prevent from the transmitter 20 outgoing radiation directly to the receiver 21 and 22nd meets.
  • the measuring chamber can have two transmitters and one receiver contain.
  • the fire detector also has a microprocessor, an EEPROM and a memory, which are not shown.
  • the block diagram shown in FIG. 2a and that shown in FIG. 2b flowchart illustrate the method according to the invention.
  • the IR radiation of the transmitter 20 is, if an aerosol is present in the measuring volume, scattered and thereby passes to a forward scatter distance associated Receiver 22 and one of a backward spread associated receiver 21.
  • the forward scatter angle is 140 ° and the backward spread angle is 70 °.
  • the measured Photocurrent of the receiver 21 and 22 is by means of current / voltage converters 2 and 7 converted into a voltage and the Elimination of glitches filtered.
  • Integrators 3 and 8 integrate the quiescent value for ambient light compensation on, i. the signal that the receivers 21 and 22 outside the transmission intervals of the transmitting diode 20 measure. This is required because is due to residual reflections in the chamber a low residual light content in the chamber before, so that the Sleep signal is not zero.
  • the scattered light fire detector comprises a temperature measuring module 25.
  • the temperature measuring module 23 has a quiescent value integrator 9, the determines a moving rest value.
  • the resting values of the stray light paths are very constant and change due to pollution or aging only very slowly.
  • Smoldering fires for several hours take so that the integrators the associated increase under no circumstances should the measuring signal be compensated.
  • the Time constants of the quiescent value integrators 3 and 8 must therefore lie in the hourly range.
  • the room temperatures can be up but change in minutes, uzw. even if no fire is present, e.g. when opening a window. in case of an Fire rises the temperature but usually very fast. Therefore, the time constant of the integrator 9 must be sized be that only very rapid temperature increases in the evaluation be taken into account.
  • the measured values are normalized so that they can be further processed in a uniform form (Z V , Z R , Z t ).
  • the light-dark quotient of the aerosol present in the measuring volume of the fire detector is calculated from the two standardized scattered light measured values (Z V , Z R ). About this factor causes the measurement signal of a dark aerosol learns a higher weighting than the measurement signal of a light aerosol.
  • the two measuring signals (Z V , Z R ) are summed up in a weighted manner.
  • the weighted sum is multiplied by the light-dark quotient F H, D. From this measurement result and the value Z t , a further weighted sum is formed. At this point, the temperature rise behavior is considered.
  • the light-dark quotient becomes only calculated when the forward and the backward scatter signal stored in the EEPROM Exceed minimum value.
  • the result obtained is fixed in the EEPROM compared exceeded alarm threshold, when exceeded Alarm is triggered.
  • the alarm time becomes important data from the main memory of the fire detector in a volatile, also not shown Memory copied.
  • Fig. 3a shows scattered signals of selected fire products in dependence from the spreading angle. The characteristic course is similar for all types of smoke. The signal rises in Regarding large and small scattering angles. Cotton (cotton) and paraffin produce bright types of smoke. A PU foam fires a dark aerosol. at a large scatter angle shows a cotton aerosol a six Sometimes stronger scattered signal than a PU foam aerosol. At least, at about 70 °, this signal is only twice as large.
  • Fig. 3b the signals shown in Fig. 3a are on standardized a backward angle of 70 °. Fires of indicated fires produce aerosols, the at Normalization on the backscatter angle different light-dark quotient which in the method according to the Invention processed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP00100651A 1999-01-21 2000-01-13 Streulichtbrandmelder Expired - Lifetime EP1022700B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200030392T SI1022700T1 (en) 1999-01-21 2000-01-13 Light scattering fire detector

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19902319 1999-01-21
DE19902319A DE19902319B4 (de) 1999-01-21 1999-01-21 Streulichtbrandmelder

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1022700A2 EP1022700A2 (de) 2000-07-26
EP1022700A3 EP1022700A3 (de) 2001-04-11
EP1022700B1 true EP1022700B1 (de) 2004-03-03

Family

ID=7894975

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00100651A Expired - Lifetime EP1022700B1 (de) 1999-01-21 2000-01-13 Streulichtbrandmelder

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6218950B1 (da)
EP (1) EP1022700B1 (da)
AT (1) ATE261163T1 (da)
DE (2) DE19902319B4 (da)
DK (1) DK1022700T3 (da)
ES (1) ES2215499T3 (da)
HK (1) HK1028289A1 (da)
PT (1) PT1022700E (da)
SI (1) SI1022700T1 (da)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007013295A1 (de) 2007-03-16 2008-09-18 Aoa Apparatebau Gauting Gmbh Rauchmelder

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US7505604B2 (en) * 2002-05-20 2009-03-17 Simmonds Precision Prodcuts, Inc. Method for detection and recognition of fog presence within an aircraft compartment using video images
DE10246756B4 (de) * 2002-10-07 2006-03-16 Novar Gmbh Branderkennungsverfahren und Brandmelder zu dessen Durchführung
JP4347296B2 (ja) * 2003-11-17 2009-10-21 ホーチキ株式会社 散乱光式煙感知器
DE102004001699A1 (de) * 2004-01-13 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brandmelder
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EP1783713B1 (de) * 2005-11-04 2008-05-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Manipulationssicherung eines Brandmelders
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EP3319057B1 (en) 2016-11-02 2019-06-26 ams AG Integrated smoke detection device
CN108072596A (zh) * 2016-11-11 2018-05-25 基德科技公司 基于高灵敏度光纤的检测
CN107016816B (zh) * 2017-05-12 2020-08-14 浙江恒洲电子实业有限公司 烟雾探测器迷宫结构及其烟雾探测方法
JP6878197B2 (ja) * 2017-08-04 2021-05-26 能美防災株式会社 煙感知器
CN111199628A (zh) 2018-11-20 2020-05-26 海湾安全技术有限公司 烟雾探测器
US10697880B1 (en) * 2019-04-07 2020-06-30 Everday Technology Co., Ltd. Smoke detecting device
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SI1022700T1 (en) 2004-08-31
DE19902319A1 (de) 2000-07-27
ATE261163T1 (de) 2004-03-15
US6218950B1 (en) 2001-04-17
DE50005467D1 (de) 2004-04-08
DE19902319B4 (de) 2011-06-30
HK1028289A1 (en) 2001-02-09
EP1022700A3 (de) 2001-04-11
DK1022700T3 (da) 2004-04-05
ES2215499T3 (es) 2004-10-16
PT1022700E (pt) 2004-06-30
EP1022700A2 (de) 2000-07-26

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