EP1016932A1 - Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen - Google Patents
Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1016932A1 EP1016932A1 EP99121453A EP99121453A EP1016932A1 EP 1016932 A1 EP1016932 A1 EP 1016932A1 EP 99121453 A EP99121453 A EP 99121453A EP 99121453 A EP99121453 A EP 99121453A EP 1016932 A1 EP1016932 A1 EP 1016932A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- mixed oxide
- toners
- mixtures according
- sio
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HHUIAYDQMNHELC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O HHUIAYDQMNHELC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/09716—Inorganic compounds treated with organic compounds
Definitions
- the invention relates to toners and / or toner mixtures.
- the invention relates to toners and / or Toner mixtures, which are characterized in that they fumed alumina-silica mixed oxide contain.
- a known Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 mixed oxide which is described in the document EP-B 0 585 544, can preferably be used as the pyrogenically produced aluminum oxide-silicon dioxide mixed oxide.
- the Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 mixed oxide can have a ratio of Al 2 O 3 to SiO 2 of 65 ⁇ 5% by weight Al 2 O 3 and 35 ⁇ 5% by weight SiO 2 .
- pyrogenically produced Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 mixed oxide can be surface-modified.
- the surface modification can be carried out in a known manner according to document EP-B 0 722 992.
- the toners and / or toner mixtures according to the invention have the following advantages:
- the Al 2 O 3 / SiO 2 mixed oxide is produced as follows:
- the mixed oxide has the following analytical data:
- 600 g of the mixed oxide are placed in a ploughshare mixer and initially mixed with 30 g. distilled H 2 O and then sprayed with 90 g HMDS (hexamethyldisilazane). The mixture is then mixed for a further 15 minutes and then the reaction mixture is dried in a drying cabinet at 140 ° C. for 3 hours.
- HMDS hexamethyldisilazane
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Besseres Fließverhalten des Tonerpulvers
- Stabileres Ladungsverhalten des Toners (schnellere Aufladbarkeit, höhere Ladung, konstante Ladung über die Zeit)
Versuch 1 | Versuch 2 | |
Stampfdichte [g/l] | 96 | 88 |
pH-Wert | 7,4 | 7,8 |
C-Gehalt [m2/g] | 0,7 | 0,9 |
Oberfläche [m2/g] | 62 | 65 |
TV [%] | 0,7 | 0,3 |
GV [%] | 1,4 | 2,1 |
- Stampfdichte [g/l]:
- 106
- BET-Oberfläche [m2/g]:
- 57
- pH-Wert:
- 4,2
- C-Gehalt [%]:
- 1,3
- Trocknungsverlust [%]:
- 0,2
- Glühverlust [%]:
- 1,6
Claims (5)
- Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie ein pyrogen hergestelltes Aluminiumoxid-Siliciumdioxid-Mischoxid enthalten.
- Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das pyrogen hergestellte Aluminiumoxid-Siliciumdioxid-Mischoxid oberflächenmodifiziert ist.
- Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächenmodifizierung mittels Hexamethyldisilazan erfolgt.
- Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächenmodufizierung mittels Silikonöl erfolgt.
- Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächenmodifizierung mittels D4 (=Octamethylcyclotetra-Siloxan) stattfindet.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19857912 | 1998-12-16 | ||
DE19857912A DE19857912A1 (de) | 1998-12-16 | 1998-12-16 | Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1016932A1 true EP1016932A1 (de) | 2000-07-05 |
EP1016932B1 EP1016932B1 (de) | 2003-05-07 |
Family
ID=7891198
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99121453A Expired - Lifetime EP1016932B1 (de) | 1998-12-16 | 1999-10-28 | Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6197469B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1016932B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4263325B2 (de) |
DE (2) | DE19857912A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1237048A1 (de) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-04 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Oberflächenadditive für elektrophotographische Toner, Herstellungsmethode, elektrophotographischer Toner und Bildherstellungsverfahren |
EP3597615A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-22 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Körniges gemischtes oxidmaterial und wärmedämmungszusammensetzung auf dessen basis |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6455455B1 (en) * | 1999-04-30 | 2002-09-24 | Degussa Ag | Silicon-aluminum mixed oxide |
US6875550B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2005-04-05 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Non-magnetic single-component toner, method of preparing the same, and image forming apparatus using the same |
JP4154563B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-23 | 2008-09-24 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | シリカ含有複合酸化物球状微粒子及びその製造方法 |
DE10138574A1 (de) * | 2001-08-06 | 2003-02-27 | Degussa | Granulate auf Basis von pyrogen hergestelltem Aluminiumoxid, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
JP3882893B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-19 | 2007-02-21 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 静電荷像現像剤並びに静電荷像現像剤用複合酸化物微粒子及びその製造方法 |
WO2003059425A1 (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2003-07-24 | The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. | Method for altering the body temperature of a patient using a nebulized mist |
JP4292386B2 (ja) | 2003-07-16 | 2009-07-08 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 負帯電性トナー、その製造方法およびその負帯電性トナーを用いたフルカラー画像形成装置 |
JP4190985B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-08 | 2008-12-03 | コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ株式会社 | 静電荷像現像用トナーおよびフルカラー画像形成方法 |
JP4047823B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-03 | 2008-02-13 | シャープ株式会社 | トナー |
US20050196694A1 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2005-09-08 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Toner, method for producing toner, two component developer, and image forming apparatus |
US7811540B2 (en) * | 2004-10-20 | 2010-10-12 | Cabot Corporation | Method of preparing hydrophobic silica directly from an aqueous colloidal silica dispersion |
US8721699B2 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2014-05-13 | Benechill, Inc. | Methods and devices for non-invasive cerebral and systemic cooling |
US8945804B2 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2015-02-03 | Cabot Corporation | Treated metal oxide particles and toner compositions |
US11427506B2 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2022-08-30 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for producing hydrophobic heat insulation material |
EP3571173A1 (de) | 2017-01-18 | 2019-11-27 | Evonik Degussa GmbH | Granulares wärmedämmungsmaterial und verfahren zur dessen herstellung |
DE102017209782A1 (de) | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-13 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Verfahren zur Wärmedämmung eines evakuierbaren Behälters |
US12060278B2 (en) | 2018-03-05 | 2024-08-13 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Method for producing an aerogel material |
MX2021000623A (es) | 2018-07-17 | 2021-04-13 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Composicion de aislamiento termico a base de granulados de silice, procesos para su preparacion y usos de la misma. |
JP7086266B2 (ja) | 2018-07-18 | 2022-06-17 | エボニック オペレーションズ ゲーエムベーハー | シリカをベースとする成形断熱体を周囲圧力で疎水化する方法 |
WO2023230251A1 (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2023-11-30 | Cabot Corporation | Aerogel composition for thermal insulation |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3707226A1 (de) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-15 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von hochdispersem metalloxid mit ammoniumfunktionellem organopolysiloxan modifizierter oberflaeche als positiv steuerndes ladungsmittel fuer toner |
DE4202694C1 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-07-01 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | Silane surface-modified pyrogenic alumina, for use in toner - to increase charge stability, produced by spraying with silane mixt. free from solvent |
GB2296915A (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1996-07-17 | Degussa | Surface-modified pyrogenically produced mixed oxides |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0676244B2 (ja) * | 1989-07-19 | 1994-09-28 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | セラミックス複合粉末及びその製造方法 |
US5296324A (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 1994-03-22 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic charge image and process for preparing the same |
DE4228711A1 (de) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-03-03 | Degussa | Silicium-Aluminium-Mischoxid |
DE69511520T2 (de) | 1995-01-19 | 2000-03-30 | Indian Petrochemicals Corp. Ltd., Gujarat | Verfahren zur Herstellung von linearen alpha-Olefinen |
US5989768A (en) * | 1997-03-06 | 1999-11-23 | Cabot Corporation | Charge-modified metal oxides with cyclic silazane and electrostatographic systems incorporating same |
-
1998
- 1998-12-16 DE DE19857912A patent/DE19857912A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1999
- 1999-10-28 DE DE59905437T patent/DE59905437D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-10-28 EP EP99121453A patent/EP1016932B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-14 JP JP35466999A patent/JP4263325B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-16 US US09/461,752 patent/US6197469B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-11-02 US US09/703,864 patent/US6303256B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3707226A1 (de) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-15 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von hochdispersem metalloxid mit ammoniumfunktionellem organopolysiloxan modifizierter oberflaeche als positiv steuerndes ladungsmittel fuer toner |
DE4202694C1 (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-07-01 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | Silane surface-modified pyrogenic alumina, for use in toner - to increase charge stability, produced by spraying with silane mixt. free from solvent |
GB2296915A (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1996-07-17 | Degussa | Surface-modified pyrogenically produced mixed oxides |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1237048A1 (de) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-04 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Oberflächenadditive für elektrophotographische Toner, Herstellungsmethode, elektrophotographischer Toner und Bildherstellungsverfahren |
US6780556B2 (en) | 2001-03-02 | 2004-08-24 | Ricoh Company Limited | External additive for electrophotographic toner, method for manufacturing the external additive, electrophotographic toner using the external additive, and image forming apparatus using the electrophotographic toner |
EP3597615A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-22 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Körniges gemischtes oxidmaterial und wärmedämmungszusammensetzung auf dessen basis |
WO2020016050A1 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | Evonik Operations Gmbh | Granular mixed oxide material and thermal insulating composition on its basis |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6197469B1 (en) | 2001-03-06 |
JP2000181130A (ja) | 2000-06-30 |
DE59905437D1 (de) | 2003-06-12 |
EP1016932B1 (de) | 2003-05-07 |
DE19857912A1 (de) | 2000-07-06 |
US6303256B1 (en) | 2001-10-16 |
JP4263325B2 (ja) | 2009-05-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1016932B1 (de) | Toner und/oder Toner-Mischungen | |
EP0759410B1 (de) | Pyrogene Kieselsäure, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Verwendung | |
EP0799866B1 (de) | Russ und Verfahren zu Seiner Herstellung | |
EP1197472B1 (de) | Eisenoxid- und Siliciumdioxid-Titandioxid-Mischung | |
DE1163784C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Oberflaechenbehandlung von hochdispersen Oxyden | |
DE2513608C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Hydrophobierung von Kieselsäuren und Silikaten mit Organosilanen | |
EP1686093B1 (de) | Pyrogen hergestelltes Siliciumdioxidpulver | |
DE4228711A1 (de) | Silicium-Aluminium-Mischoxid | |
DE4202695C2 (de) | Oberflächenmodifiziertes, pyrogen hergestelltes Titandioxid | |
EP0023587A1 (de) | Temperaturstabilisiertes Siliciumdioxid-Mischoxid, das Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verwendung | |
EP0595078A2 (de) | Flammenhydrolytisch hergestelltes Titandioxid-Mischoxid, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verwendung | |
EP1693343B1 (de) | Pyrogen hergestelltes Siliciumdioxidpulver | |
EP1078957B1 (de) | Oberflächenmodifiziertes Titandioxid | |
DE602005002265T2 (de) | Durch flammenhydrolyse hergestelltes silicium-titan-mischoxidpulver | |
DE3611449A1 (de) | Grundstoff zur herstellung von keramischen werkstoffen | |
DE4302896A1 (de) | Eisenoxidhaltiges Titandioxidpulver | |
EP0033843A1 (de) | Cerhaltige Fällungskieselsäure, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung, sowie zu Elastomeren härtbare Massen, die die cerhaltige Fällungskieselsäure enthalten | |
EP2595919B1 (de) | Siliciumdioxidpulver mit speziellen oberflächeneigenschaften und dieses pulver enthaltende tonerzusammensetzung | |
DE4202694C1 (en) | Silane surface-modified pyrogenic alumina, for use in toner - to increase charge stability, produced by spraying with silane mixt. free from solvent | |
DE10163179A1 (de) | Granulate auf Basis von pyrogen hergestelltem Siliziumdioxid, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung | |
DE1284547B (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung hydrophober, feinverteilter, nicht alkalischer Fuellstoffe oder Pigmente | |
DE3211431A1 (de) | Verfahren zur hydrophobierung von pyrogen hergestelltem siliciumdioxid | |
EP1048617B1 (de) | Silicium-Aluminium-Mischoxid, Verfahren zur dessen Herstellung und die Verwendung des Mischoxids | |
DE3016010A1 (de) | Pyrogen hergestellte kieselsaeure und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung | |
DE4240741A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Hydrophobierung von pyrogen hergestelltem Siliciumdioxid |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19991028 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20001219 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: DEGUSSA AG |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59905437 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20030612 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20040210 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20061016 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20061023 Year of fee payment: 8 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20061023 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20061031 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20061123 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: DEGUSSA A.G. Effective date: 20071031 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20071028 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20080501 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080501 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20080630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080501 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20061016 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071028 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20071028 |